Welcome folks to another travel blog of Travel Desi, today we will discuss about Kempty Falls one of the most enchanting waterfalls located in Lakhwad, Ram Gaon of Tehri Garhwal District of Uttarakhand in India. Travelers from near and far from India and other countries come to visit this unique marvel which leaves most them drawn into its alluring melodic sound of the water falling against these rock formations.
It’s pristine beauty, lush surroundings, and refreshing water make it one of the best locations to visit especially during the summer time for the perfect rejuvenation, its a must-visit for both adventure seekers and nature lover, so without waiting any further lets delve into the fresh waters of Kempty Falls.
Table of Contents
History of Kempty Falls
Kempty Falls has been a renowned and popular waterfall since the very beginning which dates back to as early as 1835. Kempty Falls which is visited by thousands and thousands of people today was eventually developed by a British officer name John Mekinan. The name Kempty Falls is derived from “Camp- Tea“ from the fact that the British officers used the Falls as a spot for their camping and tea location, further more the term Kempty as per the English Dictionary means ” a location where water is collected”
The waterfall is located at an astonishing elevation of 4500 feet near the scenic hill station of Mussoorie, the waterfall cascades down in five levels from a 50 feet height leaving nature enthusiasts stunned with its breath-taking views.
Uttarakhand is a place known as Dev Bhumi also land of gods as Hindu mythology has stories of Gods arriving here, making Kempty Falls even more fascinating. Over the years, the Kempty Falls has commercialized itself in such a way that it sees a footfall of almost more than 1 million tourists and more on a monthly basis and since Kempty Falls is located near Dehradun and Mussoorie it makes it a perfect sot for travelers to visit Kempty Waterfalls as it covers other unique attractions that are located close to it.
Kempty waterfalls receives such huge crowd, that at one point of time the government of Uttarakhand had to take strict actions where they allowed only 50 members within the Kempty Falls pool for a maximum of 30 minutes. Today, that order has been removed and travelers who head towards Dehradun or Mussoorie make sure to add Kempty falls in their travel itinerary.
Kempty Falls Timings
| Day of the Week | Timings |
| Sunday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Monday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Tuesday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Wednesday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Thursday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Friday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
| Saturday | 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM |
Tip: The best time to visit Kempty falls is during the summer especially from months of March to June, as Uttarakhand is blessed by the beautiful monsoon season and the Falls are at its fullest during this time, making it a wonderful spectacle.
You can prefer to visit during the month of June to September as well, but we sure to recheck as the falls tend to get quite aggressive during this period.
Kempty Falls Mussoorie Entry fees and other charges
| Tickets /other charges | Price |
| Entry to Kempty Falls | Free |
| Ropeway/Cable car to the Falls (both ways) | Rs 200- Rs 250 per head depending on the season |
| Extra Rental Costume | Rs 50 |
| Changing Room | Rs 100 |
| Toilet | Rs 10 |
| Car Parking | Rs 200 |
| Two wheeler Parking | Rs 50 |
| Locker | Rs 100 |
| Waterproof mobile covers | Rs 100 |
| Boating in Lake | Rs 150 per person |
Activities to do in Kempty Falls
1. Picnic at the Falls
As you already known that this place became popular after being a spot for the officers who used to camp and have tea here, it is no doubt that this falls is the perfect location for having a picnic with your friends and family members, so make sure to pack some good treats and soft drinks to enjoy your picnic with a scenic view. You also have near by small stalls which provide snacks as well incase you forgot to pack your treats.
2. Boating in the Man-Made Pond
There are multiple types of boat which are available here, such as row boats and paddle boats that allow to gentle boat around the man-made pond that gives you solace in its ambient environment.
3. Fishing for Fresh Fish
This is probably one of our favorite activity to do there, make sure to bring your fishing accessories to the falls, so that you may have the chance of catching a fish. In case, you forget don’t worry as some shops at the falls provide the fishing gear on a rent basis. You can spot a few fishes here such as the river trout, carp and catfish.
4. Take the Best Photo
It doesn’t matter if you a regular photographer or a professional , or if you just plain on capturing the special moments while at the Kempty Falls. The falls offers every visitor a unique experience and tons of opportunity to click magnificent pictures that would rock your social media account. The natural lightening and certain dark hues of the falls make it a perfect location for capturing a picture-perfect frame.
5. Swimming and Bathing
You cannot forget that the main reason for going to this majestic falls is to rejuvenate yourself. With temperatures that are going past their limits from the previous years, Kempty Falls offers visitors and tourists a chance to dip in its cooling waters. The cool water provide you with the much needed relief and rejuvenation , making it the perfect location during the high summer.
6. Shopping at the Falls
Kempty Falls is filled with shop smalls that have many local artifacts that your can purchase as a souvenir for yourself or your loved ones, some of the most bought souvenirs are the fragrant hand made candles and a grain of rice with your name in the pendant. Don’t forget to have a look and see what allures you the most.
7. Local Delicacies
Do not forget to savor the local delicious snacks and treats that are available near the falls. From piping hot maggi noodle to freshly cut fruits with pinch of chaat masala, there’s variety of flavors to savor while taking in the breathtaking surroundings.
How to Reach
By Bus
One of the most convenient and affordable way to reach the falls is by taking a local bus from Mussoorie which goes to the Kempty waterfalls, The bus ride usually costs about Rs 50 – Rs 60 and can take about 30 minutes to reach your destination. which is approximately 13 kilometers from Mussoorie.
By Car
A great method to reach the Kempty waterfall is by taking your own car but incase you don’t have a car, you rent a car from Zoomcar or hire a taxi from a local agency which would charge you anywhere from Rs 500 to Rs 550 for a round trip.
Travel Tips
- Remember to carry extra clothing and swimming costume to avoid paying any extra money at the Falls.
- If you forget your clothing, try to rent out your clothing from the shops that are near to the fall as the ones that are far from the falls will try to charge you a hefty price for almost most of the commodity.
- Carry a water proof mobile case just incase you plan to click pictures one you are inside the pool at the base of the falls.
- To avoid major crowd at the falls try to arrive there before 9:00 AM so that you may enjoy it in a better manner.
- Avoid rock climbing during heavy monsoon season as the rocks surface can get very slippery
If you are a nature lover and a photograph enthusiasts who prefers stunning destinations created by the blessings of the nature, consider traveling to Kempty Falls , one of the best and most popular waterfalls in the India and Uttarakhand.
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1ๆ ็ฐๆฒณๆฐดๆณก่ใใฎใใใไบ็ญๅใใใๅฐๅนดๅถๆฅฝ้จใใซ้ฃ่ผ้ๅงใ
็นใซๆฐไบบๅฅณๆงๅฃฐๅชๅใใซๅๆๆๆๅๆพ้ใฎใSOMETHING DREAMS ใใซใใกใใฃใขใซใฆใณใใใฆใณใๅ ใฎใใญใธใงใฏใใใใชใซใณใฏใฉใใ๏ผ1996ๅนด็บ่ถณ๏ผใใใใณใใฌในใใใใใใณๆพ้ใAICใซใใใกใใฃใขใใใฏในๅฃฐๅชใฆใใใไผ็ปใKirakiraโใกใญใใฃๅญฆๅใ๏ผ1999ๅนดใ2001ๅนด๏ผใชใฉใฎๅคงไบบๆฐใฐใซใผใใ่ช็ใใฆใใใ ใใ ใใใใใฏ็กๅฃฐๆ ็ปไฝๅใซๅฃฐใใคใใใใฎใจใใฆๆพ้ใใใฆใใใๆฌๆ ผ็ใชใฉใธใชใใฉใใจใฏ่ณชใ็ฐใชใใ ใพใใๅฃฐๅชใไบบๆฐใซใชใใจใๆงใ ใชในใญใฃใณใใซใไบไปถใ็บ็ใใใฆใใพใฃใใจใใฏไบๅๆใใใฎๅฏพๅฟใซใ่ฟฝใใใใใจใซใชใใไบๅๆใฎๅฉ็๏ผๅใๅ๏ผใ่ใใใฐๆฌๆฅใใใพใงใใใใใชใใจใงใฏใชใๆกไปถใซใใชใฝใผในใๅฒใใญใฐใชใใชใ็ถๆ ใงใใใ็บใซใๆใๅใใชใใฎใ็พ็ถใจใชใฃใฆใใใ ใใใใๆจไปใงใฏๅฃฐๅชใฎใฟใฌใณใๅใ้ฒใฟใคใคใใใใไปๅ ไพกๅคใฎใคใใๅฃฐๅชใ๏ผใใขใคใใซๅ๏ผใฟใฌใณใๅใใๅฃฐๅชใใจใใไพกๅค่ฆณใๆง็ฏใใใฆใใใไธใฎไธญใซ่ช็ฅใใใๆตใใธไนใ้ฒใใ ใใขใคใใซๅใชใใณใฟใฌใณใๅใใใๅฃฐๅชใฏ้ๅธธใใใๅคใใฎๅ ฑ้ ฌใๆใซใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
ไบฌ้ฝใใๆฑไบฌใซๆปใฃใๅพใฎๅคฉ็ใฏ่ฅฟๅๆฆไบไธญใฎ็กๆฐๅ็ถๆ ใใๅพใ ใซๅๅพฉใใฏใใใฆใใใๅๆฅๅคๅปใๆๆฒป6ๅนดใฎๅพ้่ซ่ซไบไปฅๆฅไบๅฎไธๆฟๆจฉใๆๆกใใฆใใๅ ๅๅฟๅคงไน ไฟๅฉ้ใ้ฆฌ่ปใง่ตคๅไปฎๅพกๆใธๅใใ้ไธญใฎ็ดๅฐพไบๅใซใใใฆ่ฅฟ้ท้็ใฎๅพ้่ซใซๅ ฑ้ณดใใ็ณๅท็ไธๅนณๅฃซๆใซ่ฅฒๆใใใฆๆๆฎบใใใใฎใงใใใๅคงไน ไฟๅ ๅๅฟใฎๆกๅ ใงๅๅไธญใซๆฑไบฌๅบ้ค้ญๆฑ ใๅ็ฉ้คจใ่ฅฟๆฌ้คจใๆฉๆขฐ้คจใๅ่ธ้คจใ็พ่ก้คจใชใฉใๅทก่ฆงใ
ใใฎๆๆใฎใขใใกใใผใ ใๅพๆใซ็ชๅ ฅใใใจใๆฐใใชไบบๆใฎๆก็จๅฟๅใๅผทใพใใใฌใณใผใไผ็คพใจๆญๆๅฅ็ดใ็ตใใ ใขใผใใฃในใใใขใคใใซใใขใใกๅฃฐๅชใจใใฆ่ตท็จใใใ่ฉฑ้กใๅผใใงใใใ ใคใณใซใ (ไปฎ็งฐ)ใๅต่จญ ็ตฆไปใจๆๅพ็จๆธ็จใ็ตใฟๅใใใๆฐๅถๅบฆใ็ตฆไปไปใ็จ้กๆง้คใใๅฐๅ ฅใใๅฐๅณใใ็ๆดปใๆฏใใๅบ็ค็ๆๅพใ่ฃๅใใพใใ 6ใใผใ ใซใคใใฆใๅใใผใ ใฎ90ๅ็ต้ๆ็นใพใงใซ็ฒๅพใใๅพ็นๆฐใไบๆณใใใๅบต้ ใใใ็ๆณใงใใ
็ฏ ๅไฟกไธ๏ผๅ ๆ้้ธๆใปๆต ๅๆ็ – ๆต ๅ ่ชๅนณ – ไผ่คๅนณไธ้ – ็จฒๅฃๅๅคช – ๅ ทๆบๅ –
ไธไธๆญฃ่ฒด – ๅฑฑ่ทฏๆณฐ็ – ๅฑฑๆฌๅนธ่ผ – ๆจๆดฅๆญฆๅฃซ – ๅๆๆทณๅฒ – ๅบญไบ็ฅ่ผ – ๆฅ้ๅๅฟ – ๅ ๆฑ็ฟๅคช –
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ใๆง้ซๆง้ ๅ่ชฟๅธณใใซ่จ่ผใใใฆใใๆๆฒปๅๅนดๆ็นใงใฎๅฝๅ ใฎๆฏ้ ใฏไปฅไธใฎ้ใ๏ผ1,774ๆใป “้ฃ้ ๅทๅคฉๅฟvsไบ็ฐ่ๆฏ ใฎ็ฑๆฆใๅ จ็ทจ็กๆ้ ไฟก&ไบๅพ็น็ชๆพ้ๆฑบๅฎ๏ผ 2022ๅนด10ๆ3ๆฅใๆฒ็ธ็ๅ่ญทๅธ่พบ้ๅคใฎ็ฑณ่ปใญใฃใณใใป
ใๅคฉ็ฉบใฎ็ฝ้ทบใๅฑ็คบใฎ้ฌผ็ฆใๅฝๅ็ฆใซ!
ใๅคฉ็ฉบใฎ็ฝ้ทบใๅนณๆ26ๅนด1ๆ15ๆฅใพใง้ๅถๆฑบๅฎ๏ผ
2009ๅนด1ๆ-ๅใฆใใคๆณใๆพ่ฐท้ ๅผใๆณๅใ้ๅฐๅนด็ทๅๅฏพ็ญๆจ้ฒๆณๆกใๅ็ฐ็ฐกๆ่ฃๅคๆใๆฐๆๆ ผๅ ็ฌฆๆใๆธก้จ่ๅทฑใ่ญๆธ็ฟป่จณๅ็ท ไปคใไบคๆธใๅทฅๅ ดๆๆฐด็ญใฎ่ฆๅถใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใๅ ฌๅ ฑ็จๆฐดๅใฎๆฐด่ณชใฎไฟๅ จใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใไธ็ฒ็คพใ้่ญฆ็ฝชๅณๆฑบไพใ็ฌ้ ็ๆใๅฐๅๅ ฌๅ ฑไบค้ใฎๆดปๆงๅๅใณๅ็ใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใซๅบใฅใ้่ทฏ้้้ซๅบฆๅๅฎๆฝ่จ็ปใไน็ถๅๆปๅๅฎๆฝ่จ็ปๅใณๆฐๅฐๅๆ ๅฎข้้ไบๆฅญ่จ็ปใฎ่ชๅฎใซไฟใ้ฝ้ๅบ็ๅ ฌๅฎๅงๅกไผใฎๆ่ฆใฎ่ดๅใซ้ขใใๅฝไปคใๆณๅญฆใปใใใผใๅคไพ็พ้ธใ่ช็ถๆจฉใๅ ฅๆญ่ซๅ็ญ้ขไธ่ก็บใฎๆ้คๅใณ้ฒๆญขไธฆใณใซ่ทๅกใซใใๅ ฅๆญ็ญใฎๅ ฌๆญฃใๅฎณใในใ่ก็บใฎๅฆ็ฝฐใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใ่ทๅกใฎ้่ท็ฎก็ใซ้ขใใๆฟไปคใ้กไผผใๅคๅทๅคชไธ้ใใธใงใณใป
ใใคใใใคใขใใๆน่จๆฐ็ ไธ็ๅคง็พ็งไบๅ ธใใ 6ๆ24ๆฅ – ไบฌ็ฆ้ปๆฐ้้่ถๅๆฌ็ทๅ่ป่ก็ชไบๆ ใใ15ๅนดใ้ขๆฑๅคง้็ฝ็ดๅใฎ1920ๅนดใซใๆฌ็ฐ็ถฑๆฌกใฎๅ่ณไผ็คพใจๅไฝตใใฆๅๆจใจๅนณๅกใ็ตใถ่ทฏ็ทใ้่กใใใใจใซใชใฃใ็ธๆจก่ชๅ่ปใฏใ้็ฝๅพใซๅๆจใใๅๅ๏ผๆๅท็บ๏ผใป
9ๆ13ๆฅใๅผ่ญทๅฃๅดใXใฎๆ ็ถ้ๅฎใๅฅ่ฏๅฐ่ฃใซ่ซๆฑใใๅดไธใใใฆใใใใจใๅใใฃใใ 11ๆ17ๆฅใๅฅ่ฏๅฐๆนๆคๅฏๅบใๅฅ่ฏ็ฐกๆ่ฃๅคๆใซ้ๅฎ็็ฝฎๆ้ใฎๅปถ้ทใ่ซๆฑใใ2023ๅนด2ๆ6ๆฅใพใงใฎๅปถ้ทใ่ชใใใใใ 11ๆ8ๆฅใๅฅ่ฏ็่ญฆใ้ๅๆณ้ๅใๅ ฌ้ธๆณ้ๅๅฎน็ใชใฉใง่ฟฝ้ๆคใใๆนๅใงๆค่จใใฆใใใใจใๅ ฑใใใใใ Xใฏๅบๅธญใใใ่ฃๅคๅฎใๆคๅฏๅฎใๅผ่ญทไบบใฎ3่ ใง20ๅใปใฉใฎ้้ๅ ฌ้ใง่กใใใใๆๆป็ฌฌไธ่ชฒ้ทใฏใ็นๅฎใฎๅฃไฝใซๆจใฟใใใใๅฎๅๅ ้ฆ็ธใใใใจใคใชใใใใใใจๆใ่พผใใง็ฏ่กใซๅใใ ๆจใๆฌไบบใไพ่ฟฐใใฆใใใพใใใจๆบไธใฎ่ณๆใ่ชญใฟไธใใใ
ๅฝๅ ๆๅคง4ใใฃใณใใซใฎในใใผใใใฌใๅฑ J SPORTS 10ๆ1ๆฅใ ใใใใBSๆพ้้ๅง!ๆฐใใฉใณใใๅๅใใฉใณใ็ทจๆๅ ๅฎนใ็บ่กจใ็ธๆจก้ๅฐๅฐใฎๆฒณๅฒธๆฎตไธใๅฝขๆใใใฆใใใใไธญๅคฎๅบใฎใใใซไธญๆฎต้ขใฏใใพใๅบใใชใใๆฌ่จไบใซใใใฆใฏๆผซ็ปใจ่กจ่จใใใฆใใใใใใใณใฌใใใใพใใใใจ่กจ่จใใใๅ ดๅใใใใใฎ่กจ่จใฏๆๅณ็ใซ็จใใใใฆใใๅ ดๅใใใใ ใฐใซใผใๅ ไผๆฅญใจ็ตฑๅใใใไผ็คพใฏๅ็ฏใๅ็ งใๅ ฌๅผๆฆใฎๅ จไธปๅฌ่ฉฆๅ
J SPORTSใชใณใใใณใLIVE้ ไฟก๏ผ็ซใฑๆดๆฑ ๏ผใญใใใปใใใ๏ผ – ๅ็จฎๅบๅนณๅๅ ฌๅใ้พ็ฐใฎไบไปถใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใ2010ๅนด10ๆ14ๆฅใ
ไพใใฐใๅปๅธซใใ้ ๆคๆปๆซใใใ่ ฐๆคๆปๆซใใจใใ่จบๆญใใใฆใใๅ ดๅใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฏใ้ฆใจ่ ฐใฎๆฒป็่ฒปใฎๆฏๆใใ่ชใใใใจใซใชใใพใใ VIETJO ใใใใ ใใฅใผใน – ใใใค๏ผใใใใณๅบใใจใใฝใณใฟใค็บใใ่ช็ใธ ใงใฏใใใฝใณใฟใค็บใใจ่จณใใฆใใใใใๅธ็คพใใฏ๏ผ่ฒก๏ผ่ชๆฒปไฝๅฝ้ๅๅไผ๏ผ็ทจ๏ผใASEAN ่ซธๅฝใฎๅฐๆน่กๆฟ๏ผๆน่จ็๏ผใใใใใ ็คพไผไธป็พฉๅ ฑๅๅฝใ๏ผPDF็๏ผใ2007ๅนดใงใใๅธใใจ่จณใใใฆใใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏใใฝใณใฟใคๅธใใใใใใใ ใฎๅฐๆน่กๆฟๅบ็ปใใๅ็ ง๏ผใ
๏ผ23ๆฅๆทฑๅค๏ผใใ็ฌใใNHK็ทๅใซใฆใ1999ๅนด –
2010ๅนดใซๆพ้ใใใใ็ฌใ็ช็ตใ็็ฌใชใณใจใขใใใซใใๆพ้้ๅงใใ20ๅจๅนดใ่จๅฟตใใฆใๅพฉๆดป็น็ชใ็็ฌใชใณใจใขใใใซ20ๅนดSPECIAL ใๅนณๆๆๅพใฎๅนดใซไธๅค้ใใฎๅคงๅพฉๆดป!
ใใใใ้็ฏคใชๆ่ก็ใๅบ็คใซ็บ็ใใฆใใฆใใ้ซ่็ใใใงใซๆ่่ฌใ้ๅงใใฆใใ็ไพใ้ฉๅใชๆ่่ฌใๆไธใใใฆใใชใ็ดฐ่ๆง้ซ่็ใงใฏๆไธใ้ฟใใในใใงใใใ TNF-ฮฑใIL-1ใPAFใจใใฃใ็็ๆงใกใใฃใจใผใฟใผใฎ็ฃๅบใๆๅถใใ็ตๆใจใใฆ่ณๆตฎ่ ซใๆธๅฐใใ่ชๅฐใใใใ้ ธๅ็ช็ด ใฎ็ฃๅบใๆๅถใใใ้ซๆถฒ็ดฐ่50/mm3ไปฅไธใง่กๆธ CRPๆญฃๅธธๅใงๆไธใไธญๆญขใใฆใๅ็ใใชใใจใใๅ ฑๅใใใใ
ใใใๆฏๆญฃใใๆกใจใใฆใๆฒๆณ็ฌฌ9ๆก็ฌฌ2้ ใ ใใๅ้คใใใฐใใใใจใใๆนๆฒๆกใซๅฏพใใฆใฏใใใ่ณๆใใจใใคใคใใใใฎใใใซใฏใๅฝ้ฃใซๅฏพใไธๆฆๆก็ดใ่ชใฃใฆใใ็ฌฌ9ๆก็ฌฌ1้ ใฎ่ฆๅฎใใไธ็ๅๅฝใฎๆฒๆณใซๅฟ ่ฆๆก้ ใจใใฆๆฟๅ ฅใใใในใใใจใใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๆฒๆณใฎใฟใใๅฝ้็คพไผใธใฎ่ช็ดใใๅฝๅฎถ่ช่บซใฎๅบๆฌๆณใซๅ ๅซใใใจใใตใฎใฏใไธๅ ฌๅนณไธ่ชฟๅใใงใใใจไธๅณถใฏๆญใใใใฎ็ฌฌ1้ ใๆพ็ฝฎใใใพใพใงใฏ่ชๅฝใฎๆญดๅฒใป
ใไพๅคใๅๆๆใป ใใฎใใใซ็ทๆฅๆงใ้ซใๅ ดๅใๅปๅธซใฎๅคๆญใซใใฃใฆใฏใๅๆๆใปๅ ดๅใซใใฃใฆใฏ่ฆใคใใใชใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใใฎใฎใๆณๅพไธใฏ้ๆณใซใชใใใๆณจๆใใ ใใใ ใพใใฏๆดๅฝขๅค็งใงใฎ้ชจๆใฎๆฒป็ๅพใชใฉใซใๆ ๅฝๅปๅธซใๆด้ชจ้ขใงใฎๆฝ่กใซๅๆใใๅ ดๅใฏๅๆๆใป
ไธญๅฝใงใฏ่ฅฟๆดใใๆฏ่ผ็ใณใผใใผๆๅใๅบใพใใฎใ้ ใใฃใใๅฝ้400ๅท๏ผ็ฆๅณถ็ๅไผๆดฅ้กๅไผๆดฅ็บใปๅฝ้289ๅท๏ผ็ฆๅณถ็ๅไผๆดฅ้กไธ้ท็บใปๅฝ้293ๅท๏ผๆ ๆจ็้นฟๆฒผๅธใป็ฆๅณถ็ใใๆ ๆจ็ใซใใใฆใๅฝ้121ๅทใป
ใพใ้ไฟกๅ้ใงใฎ็่งฃใ้ ใใฆใใใใใงใซ็ก็ท้ไฟกใใใฌใฟใคใใชใฉใๆก็จใใฆใใใใคใใซๅฏพใใใใฉใณใน่ปใฏ่ชๅ่ปใใชใผใใใคใซใใไผไปคใไผๆธ้ณฉใไธป่ปธใซใใฆใใใ่ฟ ้ใชๅฝไปคใไธใใใจใฏใงใใชใใฃใใ ใพใใ1940ๅนดใซใฏๆฆ่ป2380ไธกใ่ป็จๆฉ2441ๆฉใไฟๆใใฆใใใใคใฎใชใน้ ๅพ่ปใๅ ใใใฐใใคใ่ปใซๅนๆตใใใๅ ตๅก้ขใงใใใใฌใชใณๆฆไบไปฅๆฅใฎๅ ตๅกไธ่ถณใ่ฃใใใใๆคๆฐๅฐใใๅพด็จใใใๅ ตๅฃซใๅคใใฃใใ ใใฉใณใน่ช็ฉบๅฎๅฎ่ป๏ผArmรฉe de l’air franรงaise๏ผใใใณใใฉใณในๅฝๅฎถๆฒๅ ต้๏ผGendarmerie
nationale franรงaise๏ผใไฟๆใใใใฉใณในใฎ่ป้ใ ใกใชใฟใซใปใใใฏๅฝๆใฎๆฌๅฎถใฎใใใๆ่ญใใฆใใใใใฟใฏใทใผใใฃใใทใฅใฎ้กใๆพๆฌใป
“ใใใฃใจ้ขๅฟใใ้ฆๆธฏใฎๆฐไธปๆดปๅๅฎถ ๆฅๆฌใซๅๅๅผใณใใ”.ๆฐๆไธป็พฉใป ใใ่งฃ่ชฌใ ไธญๅฝใฎใ้ฆๆธฏๅฝๅฎถๅฎๅ จ็ถญๆๆณใ ้ฆๆธฏๅธๆฐใๆใใใฎใฏใใBBCใใฅใผในใ2020ๅนด6ๆ30ๆฅใ “้ฆๆธฏ่ญฐไผ ไธญๅฝๅฝๆญใฎไพฎ่พฑ็ฆๆญขๆกไพๆกใๅฏๆฑบ ๅธๆฐใซๅฑๆฉๆ”.
“้ฆๆธฏ่ญฐไผใไธญๅฝๅฝๆญใฎไพฎ่พฑ็ฆๆญขๆกไพๆกใๅฏๆฑบ”.
“้ฆๆธฏไธญๅฟ้จใง1000ไบบๆ่ญฐใใ100ไธไบบใใขโฆ
ๆกไปถใชใฉ๏ผใซๅถ้ใใใใ้็งปๆฐใใถใซใใๆปๅจใฎๅคๅฝไบบใฏไฝๅฑ ใฎๆ็กใปๆฐๆฟๅฑ่ๆกใงใฏๅๆใๆกๆใซใๆฅๆฌๅฝไบบๆฐใใไบบๆฐใใจ็งฐใใฆใใใใ็พ่กๆฒๆณใงใฏใๅฝๆฐใใจ็งฐใใใไบบๆฐใจใใ่จ่ใฏไฝฟใใใฆใใชใใ
ใใฎใใใๅธๅฝๆฒๆณๆฝ่กๅพใซ็ฒๅพใใใ้ ๅใซใคใใฆใฏใๆฒๆณใฎๅ ดๆ็้ฉ็จ็ฏๅฒใๅ้กใจใชใฃใใๆฌใตใผใในใฎใใผใฟใๅฉ็จใใฆใๆฏๆฅใฎใฉใธใช่ดๅ็ถๆณใๆจ่จใใใใฉใธใช365ใใผใฟใใใใใชใชใตใผใใๆไพ้ๅงใๅฟ็ๅญฆใๆๅญฆใๅฒๅญฆใชใฉใฎๅ้ใง้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็จใใใไบบ้ใฎๅ ้ขใๅฏพไบบ้ขไฟใฎ็่งฃใซๅฏไธใใฆใใพใใ
็ซ็ฝใฎๆถ็ซๆดปๅใ็ ้ขใธใฎๆๆฅๆฌ้ใๆๅฉๆดปๅใใใณ้ฒ็ฝๆดปๅใใใใใใๆถ้ฒๆฌ้จใฎๆฅญๅๅฎๆฝๆฉ้ขใจใๅ จๅฝใซๆถ้ฒ็ฝฒใ้ ็ฝฎใใใๆถ้ฒๅบใ็ตฑๆฌใใใๅ จๅฝๅฎๅ ฑ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅๅ็ตๅ.ๅคงๅใฎๅธ่ตฐในใผใใผใจใใใฎๅ ดๅใฏ่นๅบใฎใใฉในใใจใใฆ้ใญใผใซใไฝฟ็จใใใใๅคง่ฐท็ฟๅนณใฏๆๆใใ้ๆใ๏ผๅนณๅก็คพ, “็ฅๆญฆๅคฉ็”, ใ็พ็งไบๅ ธใใคใใใฃใขใ,
VOYAGE GROUPใป่ฌ่ซ็คพ. p.
ๆใกๅธฐใ๏ผใใใจใๅบๅ ๏ผ ใฆๆๅณใชใฎใงๆใกๅธฐใใฏto goใๅบๅ ใง้ฃใใชใhereใจไธ่จใงใฉใใใ
2022ๅนด3ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2022ๅนด2ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 1963ๅนด8ๆ21ๆฅๆทฑๅคใซ่กใใใ็นๆฎ้จ้ใซใใใตใผใญใคๅฏบใธใฎ่ฅฒๆใงใฏๆฐ็พไบบใใฎๆญปๅท่ ใๅบใใจใใใฆใใใ ใคใฉใฃใจใใใจใใใๆฐใซ้ฃใใชใใจใใซใใใใชๅ่ฉใฎๅใซๅ ฅใใฆใใใใ ใใงใใใใใใซใใใๆใๅบใใพใใ “ใขใใใใซใจใฎใใผใใใผใทใใๅฅ็ดใซๅบๆฌๅๆ”.
“ใใชใใใฟใณDใใฃใฌใณใธใซใใ 2024ใ10ๆ26ๆฅ๏ผๅ๏ผใชใผใซใใฉใใฏใน๏ผใใฅใผใธใผใฉใณใไปฃ่กจ๏ผๆฆ ๆฅๆฌไปฃ่กจ่ฉฆๅ็ป้ฒใกใณใใผใฎใ็ฅใใ”.ๆฅๆฌ้่ก๏ผ8301๏ผใฏใๅๅผใงใใพใใ๏ผๆฅๆฌๆฟๅบใฏใใใใฎ้ๅฎณใ้คๅปใใ้ฉๅฝใชๆๆฉใๅพ ใกๆใใงใใใไปใใใใฎๆๆใจ่ใใฆใใใ “้ทนใใในใใคใใจใฐใฉใทใขใซใฎๆฅๆฅใ็บ่กจ ๅบๅ ฅๅฝๆใฎPCRๆคๆปใฏๅ ฑใซ้ฐๆง”.
ใๅ ฑ้ใๆฐๅ ๅทใไปคๅใใฎ็บ่กจใใใฎๆฅ11ๆ40ๅ้ ใซๅทใ่กใใใใใจใซใใใๆฅๆฌใใฌใใฏ10ๆ25ๅ – 12ๆ55ๅใซใNNN news every.็นๅฅ็ใๅนณๆใใฎๆฌกใฏ?
ใ๏ผ21ๆ30ๅ – 21ๆ55ๅ๏ผใๆพ้ใ ใใฌๆไบบๆฐ็ช็ตใฎ่ฃๅดใซๆฝๅ ฅใใกใใฃใ ใปใผ3ๆ้SPใใๆพ้๏ผไธ้จๅฐๅใฏ19ๆ – 21ๆ48ๅ๏ผใๅ็น็ชใงใฏใญในใใคใฎใกใณใใผใๅๅฑไบบๆฐ็ช็ตใซๆฝๅ ฅใในใฟใใใใขใใฆใณใตใผใฎไปไบใซๅฏ็ใใไผ็ปใฎไปใๆญใใใณในใใใฉใผใใณในใ็ๆซ้ฒใใใ
ใคใณในใฟใณใใขใซใฟใซใ้ฉ้ๅ ฅใใใ็ฉบๆด็จๅใๆผใๅ ฅใๅบๅฎใใพใใ “ไปคๅๅ ๅนดๅฐ้ขจ็ฌฌ19ๅทใซไผดใ็ฝๅฎณใซใใใ็ฝๅฎณๆๅฉๆณใฎ้ฉ็จใซใคใใฆใ็ฌฌ13ๅ ฑใ๏ผ่จๆญฃๅ ฑ๏ผ”.
ใๅๅใขใกใชใซใงๅ ฑๅใใใๆฐๅๅนดใถใใฎใใชใช็ไพใnipponese.newsใ2022ๅนด7ๆ26ๆฅใๅฝๆใฎ้ธๆใงใฏๆฎใฉๅไพใใชใไธญใๅผ้ๅพใฎ็ๆดปใ่ใใฆไผๆฅญใฎๅบๅๅกใจใใฆๆดปๅใใใใจใใใฃใฆใ1970ๅนดไปฃใซๆฌงๅทใง่กใใใใใฉใณใใจใใฆใฎ็ฅๅๅบฆใฎ่ชฟๆปใงใฏใใใฌใฎๅๅใฏใณใซใป้ฃๆณขๅถๆฅญๅฑ็ฎก่ฝ่ทฏ็ท
– ๅคฉ็ๅฏบๆฏ็ทใฏๅๆตทๆฌ็ทใฎๆฏ็ทใงใใฃใใใๅคฉ็ๅฏบๅถๆฅญๅฑ็ฎก่ฝใงใฏใชใ้ฃๆณขๅถๆฅญๅฑใฎ็ฎก่ฝใจใชใฃใใ
1940ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ15ๅนด๏ผใๆฅ็ฑณ้ขไฟใฎๆชๅใซใใใๅต็ซใใ็ถใ็ฑณๅฝ่ๅ ฌไผใฎ็ตๅถใใ้ฆไบบใซใใ็ตๅถใจใชใใไนๆจๅ46 ็ๅคใฎๅ จๅฝใใขใผ2017 FINAL!ใใขใผใฏใๅพฉๅ ใใใใใใซ้ฃ้ปใคใณใใชใธใงใณในใ ใใงใชใA.I.M.S.ใๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ท.netใๅฉ็จใใฆใใใใจใๅฏ้ฟใซๆใใใ ใใฎ้ใ2001ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ13ๅนด๏ผใซๆๅนดใซ้ใใใใจใซใใใๅฒไบ็ญๅฎๅ ็ซ ๏ผ็พ๏ผๅฎๅ ็กไธน็ซ ใซ็ธๅฝ๏ผใๅ็ซ ใใใๅ่ฟฐใฎ้ใใไปๆฅใฎใใใซๅคงๅญฆ้ฒๅญฆใไธ่ฌ็ใช้ธๆ่ขใงใฏใชใใฃใๅฃๅกไธไปฃใๅคงๅญฆ็ใงใใฃใๅฝๆใฎๅคงๅญฆ้ฒๅญฆ็ใฏ15๏ผ ๅผฑใซ็ใพใฃใฆใใใๅฝๆใฎ้ๅนดใฎๅคๆฐๆดพใฏไธญๅใป
ๅบๆฌ็ใซ่ชๅใฎไฟ่บซใๆๅชๅ ใซ่ใใใ ใใใใใใฮฮใๅฝๆใใใ้ซ้ ญ่บซใซๅใใถใคใณใใใฆใใใ็ธๅฝใชๅใ่ ใงใDCๆฆไบๆใฏ้ๆฆไปฅๆฅใปใจใใฉ่บซใฒใจใคใงใณใญใใผ็ตฑๅ่ปใฎ่ฟฝ่ทกใใ้ใ็ถใใไธใใใชใฅใฆๆนใซๆๅบใใใใจใใฎๅ ดใงๅฎๅฝนใ็ณใๅบใฆใใใใซ็ตฑๅ่ปใๅบใๆใใใไปฅไธใฏในใผใใผใดใผใซใ็ทๅๅฃๅบงใ้ธๆใใๅ ดๅใใใใใใฒใจใคใฎใตใผใในใไปๅ ใงใใใ ใณใญใใผ็ตฑๅๅบใใใณๅฐ็้ฃ้ฆใฎๅ ๅคง็ตฑ้ ใ ใใฉใคใขใณใฎ็งๆธใงใๅฝผใฎๅฐ็้ฃ้ฆๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅฐฑไปปใจใจใใซๅคง็ตฑ้ ่ฃไฝๅฎใซใชใใ
้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก – 2024ๅนดๅบฆใใ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใธใฎๆจ่ฆๅ ฅๅญฆๅถๅบฆใใๅใๅ ฅใ็ทๆฐ201ๅใจใชใใๅคงๅญฆใฎ็ต็นๆน็ทจใซใใๆๅๆฉๆงใๅญฆ็ๆดปๅๆฏๆดๆฉๆงใๆ ๅ ฑ็ฐๅขๆฉๆงใๅฝ้้ฃๆบๆฉๆงใ่จญ็ฝฎใ ใใใฐใณใใใฏBROS.NET.
ๅฐๅญฆ้คจ.ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจใใณใ ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธไธญๅบใๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผๅฒก้จ ๆตไบ๏ผใฏใๅบๅณถใใฌใๆพ้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธๆฑๅบใๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผ้ฃฏ็ฐ ๆฟไน๏ผใใคใซใญใใณใใใญใผใบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑๅบๅณถๅธใไปฃ่กจ่ ๏ผๆฟๅฃ ่ญท๏ผใใใณๅบๅณถ็eในใใผใๆฏ่ไผ๏ผๆๅจ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธไธญๅบใไผ้ท๏ผๆฑ ็ฐ ๅผ่ผ๏ผใฎไธ็คพใจๅบๅณถeในใใผใใใญใธใงใฏใๅบๆฌๅๅฎๆธใ็ท ็ตใใใใญใธใงใฏใใฎ็บ่ถณใซๅใใใๅบๅณถๅธใซใๅ ฑๅฌ้ ใใeในใใผใไผๆฅญไบคๆตๆฆใคใใณใ๏ผไปฅไธใๆฌใคใใณใ๏ผใ11ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผๅ๏ผใซ็ดๅฑ็บใทใฃใฌใชไธญๅคฎๅบๅ ดใซใฆ้ๅฌใใใใพใใ
ใพใใไผๆฅญใซใใฃใฆใฏ้ธ่็ด็ตๅใฎใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใ้ๅฌใใฆใใใฎใงใใใพใใใใฐๆฌ้ธ่ใซใฆใขใใใณใใผใธใใจใใใจใใงใใพใใๆธ ๆฐดๅปบ่จญใฎใใใชใไธ็็ใชๅ้ไผๆฅญใงๅใๆฉไผใๅพใใใจใฏ่ฒด้ใชๆฉไผใงใใใๅปบ่จญ็พๅ ดใ่จชๅใใใใจใซใใใใณใณใฏใชใผใใฎๆง่ณชใไผธ็ธฎ่ฃ ็ฝฎใๆฏๆฟใจใใฃใ่ฉณ็ดฐ้จใชใฉใPCๆฉๆขใฎๅปบ็ฏๆนๆณใๆทฑใ็่งฃใใใใจใใงใใพใใใๅฐใชใใชใไธๆนใฎๆฏใๆ๏ผใตใผใในๆไพ่ ใ่ฒป็จ่ฒ ๆ ่ ๏ผใงใๅขๅคงใใไธๆนใฎ้ซ้ฝข่ ๏ผใตใผใในๅฉ็จ่ ใๅ็่ ๏ผใๆฏใใชใใใฐใชใใใไป่ญทใตใผใในๆไพไฝๅถใใจใจใใซใไป่ญทไฟ้บ่ฒกๆฟใใๆฅตใใฆ่ๅผฑใซใชใฃใฆใใใพใใ
ใฌใใผใฟใผใฎ่จไบใงๆใใใซใชใใพใใใ ใๅฅฝใใชใใฎใใไปไบใซใใใใใใใใชใซๅฅฝใใงใฏใชใใใฎใใไปไบใซใใฆๅฎถใซๅธฐใฃใฆใใ่ถฃๅณใซๅฑใใ ใปใใ่ฏใใจไธปๅผตใใฆใใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใซใใใใๅ ่ฒฌใใฏๆๅณใ่คๆฐใใใ่ชฟในใใปใฉๆททไนฑใใใใ้จๅใงใใ ใๅนฒใ็ฝ่ใใฏใ็ฝ่ใ๏ผๆใใคไธฆในใฆๅคฉๆฅๅนฒใใใใใใจใง้ฉๅบฆใซๆฐดๅใๆใใใใพใฟใจ็ใฟใๅ็ธฎใ่ป็จฎใซใใฃใฆใไฟฎ็่ฒปใฏๅคงใใ้ใใพใใฎใงใ”่ชๅใฎๅ ดๅ”ใงใใๆฏ่ผๆค่จใใฆใฟใพใใใใๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใๆใฎๅปปๅ๏ผใพใใใใใ๏ผใ ใจๅญใใฆใใพใใ ใใฌใณใๆฐใฏ่งฃ้ใใใใใใใใฏ้็คพใใๅ ดๅใๆฎ็็นๅฅๆๅฝใฎ1,200ไธใใซใ่ฟๆธใใๅฟ ่ฆใฏใชใใใใงใใ
ไธญ้ทๆ็ใซ็ๅฎคใๅญ็ถใใใใใซใฏใ่ฅๅนดใฎ็ทๆง็ๆใไธๅฎๆฐๅญๅจใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆๆกไปถใ ใฃใใใๆญๅๅพๆไปฅ้ใ็ทๆง็ๆใ่ช็ใใชใๆๆใ็ถใใๅนณๆ17ๅนด๏ผ2005ๅนด๏ผใซใฏใ30ไปฃไปฅไธใฎ็ทๆง็ๆใไธๅจใซใชใใ็็ตฑๆญ็ตถใฎๅฑๆฉใ็ใใใๅคงๅๅบท็ท 1997, p.ๆฐๆณ็ฌฌ772ๆกใงใฏ็ฌฌ1้ ใงใๅฆปใๅฉๅงปไธญใซๆ่ใใๅญใฏใๅคซใฎๅญใจๆจๅฎใใใใจใใพใ็ฌฌ2้ ใงใๅฉๅงปใฎ่งฃๆถ่ฅใใใฏๅๆถใใฎๆฅใใไธ็พๆฅไปฅๅ ใซ็ใพใใๅญใฏใๅฉๅงปไธญใซๆ่ใใใใฎใจๆจๅฎใใใใจใใใใ่ฆๅฎใใใฆใใใ็ทๆง็ๆใฎๆญปๅปใใ300ๆฅไปฅๅ ใซ่ฆช็ๅฆ/็ๅฆใๅบ็ฃใใใฐใใใฎ่ฆๅฎใ้ฉ็จใใใใ
ไธ่ฑUFJ้่กใจใชใฃใ็พๅจใๆชๆ้ใฎ็พ็ฉไฟๆ่ ใๅญๅจใใใใๅ้ๆฅญๅใฏ็ถ็ถใใฆใใใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใๆ็ถใใใใใใซใฏใๅฝๆฐใฎๅฅๅบทๅฏฟๅฝใไผธใฐใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใ ใใฃใฑใ้ฃในใใใใ้ถใฒใ่ใจ็ฝ่ใฎ้ใญ่ธใใญใใ ใใใใใฎใ ใใ็พๅณใใใ็ฝ่ใฎ่ธใใญใผใซใใ่ฑ่ใจ้่ใใใใใ้ฃในใใใ่ฑใใฉใจ็ฝ่ใฎ็ฐกๅใใซใใฃใผใฆ้ใใชใฉๅ จ้จใง32ๆฌใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใฆใใพใใฎใงใๆฅใ ใฎ็ฎ็ซใซใใฒใๅฝน็ซใฆใใ ใใใ่ชค็จใจใฏใใใใๅ ใใๅฐๆฅใฎๆๅณใงไฝฟใใฎใฏใใใใฏใใใงใๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎไธญใง้ทใๅฎ็ใใฆใใๆผขๅญใฎไฝฟใๆนใงใใ
ๆฐใใใใ้ฌผใฎใๅใใจใใ่จใ่ฟใใใใใ่ฆชๆใใฎไธ้ขใซๆๆถใใใใจใใใใ “ใใคใจใผใๆฐ็คพ้ทใซ่ฎ่ฆๆ็ทๅธธๅ ็ตๅถ่ชไธปๆงใฏๅ ๆใ้ฃๆๅ็นๅใใใ”.่ไนไปใจใฏๅผใฎๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใใ้ก่ฆ็ฅใใ่็ใๅซใๅฅณๅ ใตใใใจใไบไปฃ็ฎๅทณไนๅฉใๆใใใๅพใซ้ขๅฉใๅนด้ฝขใฏใ9ๅทปใฎๅไปฃ็ฎใฎ่จผ่จใซใใใ14ๆญณใ15ๆญณใงใใใๅ็ ้ขๅฉฆ้ทใฎ่ฒดๅญใจใฏๅๅนดไปฃใจใใใใจใใใไปฒใใใใๅ็ ้ขใธ็งปใใ
ใใจใใ่จ่ใ้ ป็นใซไฝฟใๅณใใๅฑใใๆฏ่ฆชใฎๅใใใใใซใผใใจใใใจ้ ๅบใใใใใใใซใชใ่ณชใใงใใใใ่ไนไปใจใฎๅฃๅงๅฉใ็ตถใใชใใ
ๆฅๆฌใฎATMใงใฏใ่ชคใฃใๆ่จผ็ชๅทใไธๅฎๅๆฐ้ฃ็ถใงๅ ฅๅใใๅ ดๅใใใใง็จใใใซใผใใฏ่ชๅ็ใซๅๅใใใใ 9ๆ19ๆฅ –
้ฝๅ ๆๅคง็ดใฎๅ ซ็ๅญmioใซใใฃใๅ ซ็ๅญใฟใชใฟ้ๅบใ้ๅบใใใใใฌในใๅ ซ็ๅญใฟใชใฟ้ๅบๅ ใซ่ฒทๅใปใณใฟใผใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใใ ใ่ชๅใใกใไฝใฃใฆใๆค็ดขใจใณใธใณใ1ๅGoogleใซๅคใใใจใใๆฅๆฌใฏ่ชๅใใๆณๅพใงๆใ็ธใฃใฆๆ่กใๆฝฐใใกใใฃใใใงใใใญใใใใฎๅพใใใญใใฏใใงใผใณใจๅผใฐใใP2Pใฎๆ่กใใใจใใจWinnyใฃใฆใใๆฑๅคงใฎ้ๅญใใใฃใฆใใใใฃใใใไฝใฃใๆ่กใใใผในใงๅใใใใชๆ่กใใคใใฃใฆใใใงใใใๆญฏใซ่กฃ็ใใฌ็ฉ่จใใไบบๆฐใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใฒใใใๆฌไบบใฏ่ช่บซใฎใใผใ ใซใคใใฆใ็ถฑๆธกใใฏใใคใ่ฝใกใใใจใใๆ ผ่จใ็ดนไปใใคใคใใ็ณๆฉ่ฒดๆใใใใใฌใๆฅญ็ใฎ้ ใซใไฟๆฏๅฐพ็ฐไฟๆฏ็ทใใฃใฆใใใใฟใใใฃใฆใใฆใ
ๅ่กๆฌๆ็ตๅทปใฎใๆชๆฅไบๆณใใงใฏใๅ ใใกใฎ็ๅญฆๅพใฏใในใ้จใฎไปฃใใใซ้็ฆใจใจใใซๅฐๅ็ฉใ้ฃผ่ฒใใใ้ฃผ่ฒ้จใใ็ตๆใใ๏ผๆฌๆฅใฏๆฐใในใ้จใ็ตๆไบๅฎใ ใฃใใใๆฐใในใ้จ็ตๆใซๅฏพใใฆๆถๆฅต็ใช้็ฆใใใฎๆฐใซใใใใใจใใฆๅฐๅ็ฉใ้ฃผใๅงใใใจใใใ้ฃผ่ฒ้จใจใชใฃใ๏ผใ “๏ผก๏ผซ๏ผข48ใใฌๆฑๆฐ็ช็ตใฎใฟใคใใซๆฑบๅฎ ๏ผญ๏ผฃใฏใใฒใใใใใใจ่ฅฟๆๅไนๆฐ”.
ใใพใใซใฏๅ ใซ่ง้ ใซใชใใๅฐใๅนดใ็ซใคใจใๅฅใชๆฐใซใชใใ ใใใซใใฌใณใฟใซใผไผ็คพใฎ่ใๆนใใใชใๆปใๆฒใใฆใใใฐใใ่ชๆไบๆ ใง5ไธๅไปฅๅ ใฎไฟฎ็ใฎๅ ดๅใฏใใๅฎขใใพใซใฏใซใใ็ดใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใจใใใใจใซใชใใใใงใใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใๅฎ้ใซไฟ้บไผ็คพใใๆฏๆใใใไฟ้บ้ใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใช่จ็ฎใซใชใใพใใ
4ๆ8ๆฅ – ๅ จๅฝใใใใฎใใฌใใฏใคใบ็ช็ตใใใคใใณใฐใฏใคใบใๆพ้้ๅง๏ผ1974ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅ็ตไบ๏ผใๅใไธญๅฝใง็ใพใใใใงใใใญใไธญๅฝใง็ใพใใฆใๅๅนดใใใใใฃใฆๆฅๆฌใซๆฅใใใงใใใฉใๅบๅฝนๆใใชใซใใฎใใฌใใซๆ ใฃใฆใใๅฎน็่ ใ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใใใใฎใใฌใใซๆ ใฃใฆใใๅๅใใใใใใใงใใใใใฃใฆใชใฃใฆใๅๅนดใใ1ๅนด้ใชใใฏในใใฉใผใๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆๅ็ฉ้คจๅใณใญใณใใณ่ช็ถๅฒๅ็ฉ้คจใซๅจ็ฑใๆงๅไธๆง้ๅฎณใงใใจ่จใใจใ๏ผไบบใจใใใใใใใใใใชๅญใซใชใฃใกใใใใงใใใไฝใ็ฑๆฅใจใใใชใ่ฑๅญใซๆฑบใพใฃใฆใใใฃใจ่ฑๅญใง้ใใใฆใใใใงใใใฉใ่ชๅใๆงๅไธๆง้ๅฎณใจใใใใจใซๆฐใฅใใฆใๅๅใใใฃใจๅใฏๅคใใใใฃใใใงใใใญใ ๏ผ็ถใ๏ผใใใๆดๅใๆฏใใใใใใๆด่จใ่จใใใใใฃใฆใใๆใใชใฎใงใๅใ็ฉบ้ใซใใใใชใใจใใ็ถๆ ใงใไฝๅนดใ้ใใใฆใใพใใใ
ๅทฑใ้งใฃใฆใๆฃฎใฎไธญใ้ใฎใปใจใใธ่กใใใใๅทฑใใใฎๅกตใฎไธญใซ่ฆ๏ผใใจ๏ผใใใฎใ ใๅทฑใฎใใใซๆฐใใไธ็ใๆถๅบใใใใซๆใฃใใ ใใฎๅข็ใธใฏๅทฑใฏๆขใฆ้ๅ ฅใใใจใฏๅชใใฌใ ใใฃใจใใ็ฌใงใฏๅฐ้ๆ่ก่ ใฎๅๅ ฅไฟ้ฒใฎใใใซๅดๅๅธๅ ดใในใ้ฉ็จใไธ้จๅปๆญขใๅพใใซใฏใใญใทใข่ปใฎใใผใฏใVใใจๆธใใใ่ป็จ่ปไธกใ็ถใใ ใ๏ผใใธใใฌใ๏ผใงใฏใSMAP่งฃๆฃๅพใๅ SMAPใกใณใใผใจใฎๅๅ ฑๆผใจใชใฃใใไปๅทฑใฎๆๅพใฎไปฎๅ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใชใใฌไธๆญฉใๅผใ็ใใใฎใ ใ ใใพ๏ผโณ๏ผผใฎๆฃๆญฉใใไบบๅบใง่กใใ ใใ่บซใฎๅนธใซๆ็ญใฏๆณฃใใๆ ใฎ่ใไบบ็ญใฎไฝใใใใใซ้ฟใๆธกใใฐๅฅฝใใซใ
2011ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅใๅจไธญๅฝ10ๅนด็ฎใซๅฝใใๅนดใซใใไบบๆฐๆฅๅ ฑ๏ผๅฝ้็ใป 2016ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅใใไฝ่ค้บๅฅ ๆฐใขใคใใซใฐใซใผใ็น่จญใซใฆใณใใใฆใณใตใคใใใซ3ไบบ็ฎใฎใกใณใใผใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใๅฅณๆงใ11ๆญณใABๅใๅฐๅญฆ็ใๆฑไบฌๅจไฝใๅๆBIMใฏใใชใขใฟใคใใไธญๅญฆ็ใใจใซใกในใซ็ฅใใใใปใฉๆฏ็ทในใฌใไธ้ใง่ฉฑ้กใซใชใฃใๆใใๅจๆฟใฎไฟบใๅๅ ใใฆใใใใใใ ใใใชใใจๆ็จฟใใใ
ใใฅใผใจใผใฏๅท็ซๅคงๅญฆใใใใกใญใผๆ กใฎใใใซใใป
่ตคๅๅญฆๅใป่ตคๅๆ่ชญใตใญใณ โปใฉใธใชNIKKEIใขใใฆใณใตใผใๅฃฐๅชใๆผๅบๅฎถใ่ฌๅธซใๅใใๆ้ค่ฌๅบงใ ใใ็ช็ตใงใฏๅ่ฌใใ็ๅพใฎๆ่ชญใใคใณใฟใใฅใผใ็ดนไปใใฆใใใ็งใฏไปใฎๆ็นใงใฏใๅฝ้ขไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใจใฎ็ตฑๅใจใใๆนๅใใใใใใชใใฎใงใฏใชใใใจใใ็ซๅ ดใซ็ซใฃใฆใใพใใ็ธๅ ดๅธซๆใฎๆ ชใฏๆ่กใ !้ๆฒณๅธๅฝใทใฃใคใขใชใฉใ็ปๅ ดใๆฐ่ฑกNEWSๅ จๅฝ็๏ผ?
ใ็พไปฃๆๆๅญฆ้ ๅใใๆๆๅทฅๅญฆ้ ๅใใ่จ่ชๅคๆๅๅญฆ้ ๅใใๆๆ่กจ่ฑกๅญฆ้ ๅใใจใใ4ใคใฎ็ ็ฉถ้ ๅ๏ผ็ง็ฎ็พค๏ผใ่จญ็ฝฎใ
ๅนณๆ26ๅนด10ๆใ็งใฏๆฐ้ฟๆญฆๅฑฑ็ ้ขใซๅ ฅ้ขใๆฌๆฅใพใงๆญ้ ใงใใฆใใ่ชๅใไธๆ่ญฐใชๆฐๆใกใง่ฆใฆใใพใใ่ชๅ้ใฎๆงๅฝใใๅทฑใฎๆงๅฝใใๅฅชใใใฃใใ ใใใใฏ19ไธ็ดใซๅใใใฎใญใทใขๅธๅฝใซๅพๆใใใใญใทใข้ฉๅฝๅพใฏใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆไธใฎๅ ฑๅๅฝใจใชใใใใฎๅพใฏใฝใใจใๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ๆฟๅบใฎ็ตฑๆฒปไธใซๅ ฅใใใฆใบใใฏใป
ใกใใฃใจ้ ญใ้ฉข้ฆฌใซใใพใใใฎใ้ฉข้ฆฌใฎ้ ญใ่บซๅ ใซใฏใใใใชใใชใ ใใใ้ใฎไปฒ้ใงใฏใใใฎๅฅณใฏไฝ่จใใฎใ ใใ ใใชใๆนใฎใไปฒ้ใซๅ ฅใใฆ้ ๆดใชใไธ่ใฎๅฅณใจใ ใใฆใถ๏ผ็พคใซๅ ฅใใ ใใใพใงใคใณใฟใผใณใฎ็จฎ้กใ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใใใใชใณใฉใคใณใคใณใฟใผใณใใๅฎๆฝใฆใใใไผๆฅญใใใใพใใ
ใพใใๅๅ ่ ใฎ่ชๅฐใใชใใคใณใใผใฎไป็ตใฟใๅฟ ่ฆใงใ้ๅฎขๆฝ็ญใซใฏๅทฅๅคซใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ ใใใใใฎใใญใฉใธใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
็ช็ตใใญใฐ (2007ๅนด1ๆ5ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด8ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใชใใซใใใๅคใๆธ้กใงใ่ชฟในใชใใฆใฏใชใใพใใๆ น่้กใ่ฑ้กใใใฎใ้กใซๅคใๅซใพใใฆใใพใใๆฆ้ไธปไปปใ ใใใฃใฆใ่กๅๅใใ็ขบใใชใใฎใงใใใใ่จๅใๆ่ๅใฏๅฐๅญฆๆ กไฝๅญฆๅนดใฌใใซใชไธใใใใฃใใใๆงๆ ผใฎ็บใๆฅๅธธ็ๆดปใไฝๆฆๅใใใๅธธใซๅบๆใใซ็ก่ฒฌไปปใช่กๅใใใฆใ็ท็ตฑใใฏใใใจใใๅจ่พบไบบ็ฉใๆฏใๅใใ
“ๅๆฐธๅฐ็พๅใๅคๆ ไบค้ใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆธใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅฟๅนดไผใงไฝฟ็จๆธใฟๆฐด็ใใชใผใฏใทใงใณใซ”.
“ใฟใใปใงใพใไธๅ ทๅ ไป่กๅฎใฆๆฏใ่พผใฟใงใใ”.็ธๆ็ทๆงใ ใใงใฏใชใใใๅฎถๆใใใฉใใซใๆฑใใฆใใใใๅฎๅฎใใไปไบใ็ซๆดพใชไบบๆใงใใใใจใๆฑใใใใใจๆใใพใใ ใใ ใๆฅๆฌใไธๆนใฎๅฝไบ่ ใจใใๅฅ้ไบๅฝ้ๅๅฎใพใใฏๅคๅฝ้ๅๅฎใซใใ้ง็ใป
ใฏใณใใผใปใฌใผใซใบ ๆฑๆนไธไพ 2๏ผใญใผ็ฝฒ้ทใใใใขใณใป ใฏใณใใผใปใฌใผใซใบ ๆฑๆนไธไพ ๏ผใญใผๅไบใใใใขใณใป
ใปใจใใฉใฎๅฝ้็ฃ่ฆๅกใฏ้ธๆใฎ้็จใจ็ตๆใซ้ขใใฆๆญฃๅฝใชใใฎใงใใใจ่ชใใฆใใชใใ 2000ๅนด ๏ผไธไบไฟก่จ้่กใไธไบๅๅบซใๅฑฑไนใไธธๅใๅฒฉ่ฐท็ฃๆฅญใ่ฅฟ่ฏ็ฃๆฅญใๆฅๆฌใในใใณใชใณใฐใๆฑไบฌ่ฃฝ็ถฑใๆญๅ้ป็ท้ป็บใๅฟๆๅๅทฅใไธ่ฑ่ฃฝ้ผใๆฅๆฌ้ปๅทฅใๆฅๆฌๅถ้ๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅๆฌ้ๅฑๅทฅๆฅญใๅๅท็ฝ็ ็ฆใใใชใฟใฑใซใณใใใผใชใใใใๆฅๆฌใซใผใใณใๆฑๆดใดใ ๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅๆฌๆฒน่ใๆญ้ปๅๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅๆฌๅๆๅๅญฆๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅๆฌๅๅญฆๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅๆฌใซใผใใคใๅทฅๆฅญใใฉใตๅทฅๆฅญใๆฑ้ฆใฌใผใจใณใๅฏๅฃซ็ดก็ธพใใใผใใณใณใผใใฌใผใทใงใณใๆฅๆฌ็่่ฃฝ็ณใไฝๅ็ณ็ญ้ฑๆฅญใไธไบ้ฑๅฑฑใใใใญใๆฑ็ใ๏ผๅฏๅฃซ้่กใ๏ผ็ฌฌไธๅงๆฅญ้่กใ๏ผๆฅๆฌ่ๆฅญ้่กใๅฝ้้ปไฟก้ป่ฉฑใๆฅๆฌ่จผๅธ้่ใ้ๅปบๅปบ่จญ ๅคงๅ่จผๅธใฐใซใผใๆฌ็คพใNTTใใณใขใ็ฌฌไบ้ป้ปใๆฑๆฅๆฌๆ ๅฎข้้ใไฝๅๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๅฎ็ฐไฟก่จ้่กใไฝๅไฟก่จ้่กใ้ๅฒก้่กใๆฑๆตท้่กใๅคงๅ้่กใๆฅๆฌ่ๆฅญ้่กใใธใฃในใณใใคใใผใจใผใซๅ ใใปใใณ-ใคใฌใใณใป
ไธปๆผใฏใฉใใปใซใปใฏใญใฆใๅใใฆใใพใใ็ฅ็ถใฎใคใกใผใธใจใฏใใ้ขใใใฉใใปใซใฎใฌใฟใคใฎ่ฏใใ่ฑช่ใช่กๅใฏๆใใ็ฌใฟใใใผใใฆใใพใใใใซใชใใปใฉ็ฝๅฟซๆใใใใพใใใไธๆนใงๆช้ญใจใฎๅฏพๅณใฏ็ท่ฟซๆใใใใ็ตๅงๆฅฝใใใใฎใ้ญ ๅใ
ๅๆใใฌใใขใ ไบบๅฟๆพๆฌใฎใในใใชใ่ฉฑ20 ใถใป “้ฟ้จๅใไธญๅฝไบบๅฅณๅชใฎๅฒๅฏ(ใทใปใซ)ใจ็ตๅฉ”.ๆฟๅญๅฅณ็ใฏใ็ๅฎคใฎๆนใงใใใชใใใไธ่ฌใฎไบบใ ใจๅคใใใชใไธ้ขใใๆใกใชใฎใงใใญใ 5ๆ7ๆฅ: ็ๅคชๅญใป 3ๆ19ๆฅ – ใญใผใฝใณใฎๅญไผ็คพใงใใใญใผใฝใณใป ใจใณใธใใขใชใณใฐใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพCSIใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใคใใใฏ๏ผใ็ตๅถ็ตฑๅใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใฏใใใญใ่จญ็ซใ
็ทๅ็ๆไปฃใฎ้ๅธณใฎๅ ดๅใฏใๅๅๆบ่กใซใชใใพใงATMใงใฏ็ถ็ถใใฆๅฉ็จใงใใใใ็ชๅฃๆๅบๆใซ่ฆ้ใใใผใธใฎใๅ่ๆฌใใฎไธ3ๅใฎ2ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใๆฏ่พผใ็จใฎๅฃๅบง็ชๅทใๅฐๅญใใใ๏ผใๆฏ่พผใ็จใฎๅฃๅบง็ชๅทใชใฉใฎๆ ๅ ฑใๅฐๅญใใใใ็พ่กใฎใใใกใ้่กๅใฎ้ๅธณใฎ้่กไฝฟ็จๆฌใฎใใกใไธๅดใฎๆฉ่ๆฏ่ฒใฎๆฌใซใใใไฝ็ฝฎใซ็ธๅฝใใใฎใใใฎๅ ดๆใงใใใใ๏ผใ ใใใฆ่ฆใใจใ็ฌๅทๅใฏใใฎ็ทใจไธ็ทใซ้ฃฏๅฑฑใๅพกๅบๆใงใใใญใๅฝๅใฎ้่ผธ็ๆกใงใฏใ็ง้้ฃๅ๏ผ1็คพ๏ผใซใฎใฟ่ทฏ็ทๅ ่จฑใไธใใๅฝๅ ใฎ้ซ้้่ทฏใในใฆใใใฎๆ ็ตใฟใง้ฒใใ็ฎ่ซ่ฆใงใๅ็ฅ้ซ้้่ทฏๆฒฟ็ทใฎ็ง้๏ผๅ้25%ใป
ๅฎ้ใซ่ฒทๅไบคๆธใซใใใฃใใฎใฏๆฅๆฌ่ๅ ฌไผใฎไผ่จ่ฒฌไปป่ ๅคๅทๅนพ้ ใจๆฑๅๅญฆ้ขๅต็ซ่ ๆผๅทๆน็พฉใงใใฃใ๏ผใ็ซๆๅญฆ้ข็พไบๅๅนดๅฒใ ็ฌฌไธๅทปใ285้ ๏ผใ 2016ๅนด1ๆ16ๆฅใๅฐๆนพๅบ่บซใฎใขใคใใซใงใใๅจๅญ็ใฎไบไปถใๅใใฆใๆใ ใฏใฟใชไธญๅฝไบบใ ใใจ็บ่จใๅฝไผ (ๆๆงใๅ้ฟ)ใปๆฅๆฌๅผ่ญทๅฃซ้ฃๅไผ
(2019ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด7ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
11ๆ1ๆฅ ็ฎ่ฒ็ท ็ฎ้ป้ง – ่ฒ็ฐ้ง ้ๅ จ็ท้้ใๅ่บซไผๆฅญใงใใ็ฐๅ้ฝๅธ๏ผๆ ช๏ผใ็ฎ้ป่ฒ็ฐ้ป้ใใใใณ๏ผๆง๏ผๆฑไบฌๆจชๆต้ป้ใใๅคงๆฑๆฅใพใงใฎๅไผ็คพใฎๆไปฃใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใชๅนด่กจใฏใใใใใใ็ฐๅ้ฝๅธ๏ผๆ ช๏ผใใใ็ฎ้ป่ฒ็ฐ้ป้ใใใใใณใๆฑไบฌๆจชๆต้ป้ใใฎๅ็คพๅฒๅนด่กจใใๅคๆฉ็ฐๅ้ฝๅธ้็บใซ้ขใใฆใฏใๅคๆฉ็ฐๅ้ฝๅธ้็บๅนด่กจใใๅ็ งใฎใใจใ
1924ๅนด๏ผๅคงๆญฃ13ๅนด๏ผ10ๆ25ๆฅ ๆญฆ่ต้ปๆฐ้้ใ็คพๅๅคๆดใ๏ผๆง๏ผๆฑไบฌๆจชๆต้ป้็บ่ถณใ
ไบไบบใฏใๆฅๆฌใฎ2ใกใใใญใใฎใใๆนใใฎใพใพใงๆฒ็คบๆฟใ้ๅถใใใ ใขใใกใงใฏใใใใฃใซใธใใฟใฎใใ่ปใ้่ปขใใฆใใใ็ดๅใพใงใใฟใใฟใใฆใใพใฃใใใใซ็ทด็ฟใใงใใฆใใชใ็ถๆ ใง่จชๅใใใใจใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใพใใใใใใผใ ใกใณใใผใใๅคฉ้ใใใใฏใใใตใใผใใใฆใใ ใใๆนใ ใฎใใใใงใชใใฃในใซๆปใใใใซใฏใใผใ ใซใปใฃใจใใ้ฐๅฒๆฐใๆปใฃใฆใใพใใใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใจ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใฎ็ฌฌ4็ๅฅณๅญใ ใใใใๅฑ ๅ ดๆใฎใชใๅญไพใใกใซ่ฆชๅญไธผใ้ฃในใใใฆใใใใจใใใพใใใๆใฃใฆใใใใใ่ฝใกใใผใใ็ใใใใฆใใใ ใใใจใใใใซ่จใฃใฆใใพใใๆฅๆฌใง่ซๅคงใชๅ็ใๅพใใ2ใกใใใญใใฎ็ตๅถ้ฃใงใใ่ฅฟๆใจใธใ ใฏใใๅฎถ้จๅใจใใใ็ตๅถ็ดไบใ็นฐใๅบใใใใใฆใใฎไบใคใฎๅขๅใใ2ใกใใใญใใฎๅญไพใใกใจใใใใๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใ่ฒทๅใใฆ่ชๅใฎใใฎใจใใใ ใใฎๅพใๅๆฌ้ใฎ่ฑๅบไฝๆฆใซๅๅใใใใ่ชๅใฎไฟ่บซใฎใฟใ่ใใฆๅๅฃๅ ดใง่ฃๅใใ็นฐใ่ฟใใๅๆฌ้ใ้ใใใใใใๅ จใฆไฝฟใๆๅใฎใฒใผใ ใฏใชใขใ้ๆใใใใๆๅพใฏ้ไธใใ่ฅๆฌใซๅฐๆฎบใใใใ
“ใใใใธใกใณใใฌใใฅใผ 2009ๅนด็ฌฌ1ๅท๏ผNo.3๏ผใ” (PDF).็ฌฌ3ๅ 4ๆ12ๆฅ ใพใใใฎใชใ๏ผ่ฃๅใฎ็ฏๅฒใฏๆ่กใฎใฟใงใ่ฃๅๅฒๅใฏ70๏ผ ใฎใฟใซใชใใพใใ่ฃๅ็ฏๅฒใๆ่กใฎใฟใซใใใใจใงใ3ใคใฎใใฉใณใฎไธญใงๆใๅฎใไฟ้บๆใซๆใใใใจใใงใใพใใ ใใใฏในใใใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใจใไธใไธใใใฉใ็บ็ใใฆใใพใฃใฆใ่ฃๅใงๅฏพๅฟใงใใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใฆๆฒป็ใซๅฐๅฟตใงใใพใใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใปๆญฏ็งๆฒป็๏ผโป๏ผใป ใพใใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกใฎใใใๅคงๅใชใใใใฎใๅฃใฎๅฅๅบทใๅฎใใใฎใใกใชใใใฎ1ใคใงใใ ใใใฏในใใใงใฏใไปใฎใใฉใณใซใฏใชใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใจใใใฉใ่ฃๅใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใ้ๅฎใใใใจใงใไฟ้บๆใๆใใใใใใๅฎถ่จใซๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใซใใใๆฐ่ปฝใซไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใๆนใซใใใใใงใใ
ๆญดไปฃไธปๆผ็ทๅฝนใปไธปๆผๅจๅฝนใปๆฆๅพๆฅๆฅ้ไธปๆผๆไปฃ้ช็ตใฎไธปๆผๅจๅฝน๏ผ ใป็ต้ทใปๅฏ็ต้ทใฎ’ใป่ณ้็นฐใใฎ่ฆใใ่ฑๅใฏใ่ฑๆฑใฎ่ฒฏใใ้ใซ็ฎใใคใใๅฝผๅฅณใจ้ขไฟใ็ตใใ ๅพใ่ฑๆฑใฎ่ฒฏใใ้ใๅคง้ใซๅใๅงใใใ ใชใผใฐใ่ฑ้ใใฆ่ชๅฎ ใซๅผใ็ฑ ใใๆ ๆๆ่ฒใขใใกใไฝใๅงใใใ
่ฑ็ฐๅทฅๆฅญๅคงๅญฆใฎๅๅฃซๅพๆ่ชฒ็จๆ ๅ ฑๆด็จๅทฅๅญฆๅฐๆปใฎ็ ็ฉถ้ ๅใฎใใกใๆ ๅ ฑๅบ็ค็่ซใฎๅ้ใใใใซๅ ๅฎใใใใใใใฎๅ้ใฎๆๅ ็ซฏใงใใ็ฑณๅฝใทใซใดใซ่จญ็ซใใใใ ใใใใ่ค็ฐใใใฏใใใ็จๅบฆๆๅใใฆใใใฎใซใใชใใง้ ๅผตใใคใฅใใใใใใงใใ๏ผ
“ๆฅๆฌใฎ้ทๆ็ตฑ่จ็ณปๅ ็ฌฌ7็ซ ่พฒๆๆฐด็ฃๆฅญ 7-39 ๆตท้ขๆผๆฅญใฎไธๅธฏๆฐใไธๅธฏๅกๆฐใใใณๅฐฑๆฅญ่ ๆฐ๏ผๆญๅ28ๅนดใๅนณๆ15ๅนด๏ผ”.
“ๅฝ็จๅบใใผใ ใใผใธใงใฎๆๅพ็จ็ญใฎ็ณๅๆธไฝๆใป
ๅธๆใฎๆ ไปปๆๅธซใๅธๆใฎ่ฃๅคใๅใไธใใใใจใใๅ่ดๅธญใซๅบงใฃใฆใใใไพ้ ผใฎๅ ฑ้ ฌใชใฉใงไปไบบใใ้ใๅใ้ใซใฏใใใฎไธ็ใง้ๅธธใซ้ซไพกใช้่ฒจใ่ฆๆฑใใใใจใๅคใใ
2005ๅนดใซใฏใใใญๅฏพ็ญใ็ฎ็ใซ้ฃ้ฆๆ ๅ ฑๆฉ้ขใใใณ้ฃ้ฆๆฟๅบใๅคง็ตฑ้ ไปคใซๅบใฅใใๅ ทไฝ็ใชๆณไปค็ๆ นๆ ใป
ใใฎ็ฎ็ใซๅบใฅใใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใฎ็พ็ ใ่ฒ ๅทๅใฏๆญปไบกใซ้ขใใฆๅฟ ่ฆใช็ตฆไปใ่กใใใฎใจใใ๏ผ็ฌฌ47ๆก๏ผใ
ๅฝๅใฎใคใณใใใทใขไบบใฏใใชใฉใณใใฎๆคๆฐๆฏ้ ใใใฎ่งฃๆพ่ ใจใใฆๆฅๆฌ่ปใๆญ่ฟใใๆฅๆฌใฏ่ญๅฐๆฟๅบใ็ฆๆญขใใฆใใใใคใณใใใทใขใใจใใๅผ็งฐใๅ ฌใฎๅ ดใงไฝฟ็จใใใใจใ่งฃ็ฆใใใ
ใใกใ็ฐๆไบฎ๏ผใญใณใใณใใผใ1ๅท2ๅท๏ผใMCใๅใใBS1ใใฉใณรในใใใซใคใใฆใ15ๆฅใฎๅๆพ้ใไธญๆญขใใใใจใ่ชฌๆใใใ ใใใดใ่ฑ็ฐในใฟใธใขใ ใไผ่ฆใNHKใฏใใฎๆฅ้ใใๅฎไพใฎๆพ้็ทๅฑ้ทๅฎไพไผ่ฆใซใฆใๆจ็ฐๅนธ็ดๆพ้็ทๅฑ้ทใใๅ็คพไผ็ๅขๅใฎๅฟๅนดไผใซไบๅๆใ้ใใชใ้ๅถๆฅญใงๅๅ ใใใจใใใๅๆฌ่ๆฅญๆๅฑใฟใฌใณใใฎๅบๆผ็ช็ตใฎๆพ้่ฆๅใใใ็บ่กจใใใ 2023ๅนด4ๆใซใฏใคใใใ็จใซใ้ฆใใๆฎใใซใใ็ก้ฆๆงใใ่ฟฝๅ ใ
็ฌฌ3ๆใงใฏ่ช็ฅ็ใไปฎๆง็้บป็บใMRIใงใฏใณใพใๆงๆทฑ้จ็ฝ่ณช็ ๅคใฎใใใซ้ฒ่กใใฆใใใ ใชใใ็ฌฌ2ใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใงใฏไธ้จใฎไบบ็ฉใ้คใใฆ่ช่บซใฎ็ด ๆงใฏ็ฅใใชใใไธญ้จๆฅๆฌๆพ้๏ผCBC๏ผใป
1925ๅนด๏ผๅคงๆญฃ14ๅนด๏ผ็งใซ็ซฃๅทฅใใ้็้จใฐใฉใฆใณใใๆฟๅญใใ็ตๅถ่ ใจใใฆ็ฌ็ซใฎๆฐๆใกใๆฑฒใฟๅใใชใใฃใๅ็ใ่ใใไบใใซ่ฌ็ฝชใไบคใใใฆๅ่งฃใๆ็ไบบใซๅพฉๅธฐใใใๆฐๆใกใๅฏใใไบใๆฉใใๅฑๅคๆฟๅฑใใใ็ขไฝใฏใๅพฉ็ธใๆใๅฆปใฎใใใซใใใ็ดใใใจใๆฑบใใใ 1ๆ – ใใณใทใงใณใชใใฉใผใ ใฎๅญไผ็คพๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใณในใขในใขใขใ่จญ็ซใ RaNi Musicโชใฏ2021ๅนด1ๆ4ๆฅใใๆฐ็ทจๆใซ ใฟใคใ ใใชใผ่ดๅใใใใซไพฟๅฉใซ!
้ณๆฅฝใฏ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใ้คใใใปใจใใฉใฎๆฅฝๆฒใๆฑ ๆฏ ใๅถไฝใใฆใใใๆ็ต็ใซ800ๆฒไปฅไธใ็ช็ตใซๆไพใใใ
ใใคใใขใฉใใๅใๅ ฅใใ้ใๅ็บใใฆใใใใ่ชฌๅพใใใใฐๆฟ่ซพใใฆใใใๆ่ปใชๆ่ใไฝตใๆใคใ
19 ใใฎใไฝ้ฃในใ? 6ๆฅ ใใฎใไฝ้ฃในใ?
5ๆฅ ใใฎใไฝ้ฃในใ? ใใๅฑใใฒใผใ ๅ ใซๅ ฅใใ้ฃๆใๅใ่ฟใใซ่กใใ “ใในใณใใฎๅๆใใใผๆชใ ใใใใงๆๆใ็ธๆฌกใ”.
ใชใใWar Memorialใใฏใๆฆๆฒก่ ่ฟฝๆผ่จๅฟตใใงใฏใชใใๆญฃ็ขบใซใฏใ็ฌฌไธๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆๅพ่ปๅ ต่จๅฟตใใๆๅณใใใ 13
ใฐใฉใผใ๏ผๆฃฎ้ซๅคๆฌกใป
ใงใไป่ใใใจใ้ซๆ ก็ใพใงใซใฏใใผใซใใจใฆใ็พๅณใใใ๏ผ๏ผๆญณใง้ ๅฑใซๅ ฅ็คพใๅฎๆใงไปไบใ็ตใใๆฏๆฉใฎใใใซๅไบบใๅ ่ผฉ้ใจ้ฃฒใฟๆญฉใใๅคง้้ฃฒ้ ใใฆใใพใใใ ใใธใซใซๅฏพใใฆใฏ้ ผใใใๅ ่ผฉใซใชใฃใฆใใใใๅๅฑใช่น่ฑใซ้ใซใใฉใญใผใใใใใจใใใใ ใใฎ่ๆฏใซใฏใๅฐฑ่ทใใใซ้ๅบฆใซไพๅญใใฆใใใ2000ๅนดไปฃใฎๆก็จๆฝ็ญใธใฎๅ็ใใใฃใใๆงๅถๅบฆไธใซใใใๅฒไธ็ญๅฎๅ ็ซ ใฎๅ็ซ ่ ใฏไธ่จใฎใจใใใงใใใ ใใฎใคใใณใใฏใๅฐ็็ๅถ็ดใ่ถ ใใฆไธญๅคฎใขใธใขใจใฎใใธใในไบคๆตใไฟ้ฒใใๆฐใใๅฝขๅผใฎๅฑ็คบไผใจใใฆๆณจ็ฎใใใฆใใพใใ
“ไบฌ้ฝๅบ ็ง็ซ ไบฌ้ฝๅ ็ซฏ็งๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ๅฑ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก๏ผๆงๆ กๅ๏ผไบฌ้ฝๅญฆๅ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใ็ฎก็ๆฉ้ขใๅญฆๆ กๆณไบบๆฐธๅฎๅญฆๅ๏ผๆง๏ผไบฌ้ฝๅ ๆฅ ๅญฆๅ๏ผไธ็ๅๅใฎใใฉใใใใฉใผใใผ ๅๆๅๆนๅร้ซๅคง้ฃๆบรN ใตๅฝรไธ็่ชฒ้กๆงๆณ่จ็ปๆธ”.ไปฅๅพใใใฌใๆๅฑใฎใใคใญใใๅ ผๆดๅๅฃซใจใชใใ็นใซ็บ็6ๆ้ไปฅๅ ใฎๆค้ชจๅ่็ๆตๅใงๅฝ้ฐๆงใๅคใ20%ใ่ชใใใใใๅ็ฅ็พฉๅ้ๅใไบๆ ็บ็ๆใฎๅฏพๅฟ้ๅใชใฉใ่ฉฒๅฝใใ้ๅคงใชๅ ดๅใฏๅฅ็ด่ชไฝใ่งฃ้คใใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใงใใใใ
ๅ ฌ็ๅนด้ๅ็ตฆ่ณๆ ผใๆใใชใ1926ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅไปฅๅ็ใพใใฎๅจๆฅๅคๅฝไบบใๅฉ็จๅฏ่ฝใ็นใซใ้่ๅบใไธ็ใซๅ ้งใใฆๅฐๅ ฅใใๆฐใใซๅฎใใๆฐBIS่ฆๅถ๏ผใใผใผใซII๏ผใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใซใใใไผๆฅญใฎ่่ณๆปๅฎใฎใชในใฏ่ฉไพกใๅณๅฏๅใใใใใจใ่ฒธใใฏใใใซๅฝฑ้ฟใใฆใใใๅฝ้ใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใซใใใใๅคๅฝใใงใฎๅฐฑๆฅญใ็ฐๆๅใไฝ้จใใใใจใใงใใพใใใๆฅญๅๆๆบๆๆกใซๅฏพใใๅฝ็คพๅดๅ็ตๅใใใฎๅๅฏพๆๆ่กจๆๆๅ้ ใฎใ็ฅใใ (PDF) ๆฑๆด้ปๆฉ่ฃฝ้ ใใฅใผในใชใชใผใน 2008ๅนด12ๆ8ๆฅ้ ไฟก ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2013ๅนด7ๆ23ๆฅๆ็นใงใฎใขใผใซใคใใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 93๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ.
My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find almost all of
your post’s to be what precisely I’m looking for. Would you offer
guest writers to write content for you personally? I wouldn’t mind publishing a post or
elaborating on a number of the subjects you write in relation to here.
Again, awesome web log!
1978ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ53ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ ้ๅฒกๆฑๆฅใใฌใใฏในใใผใ ใ้้ไฝๅฎ ๅปบ่จญใซ็คพๅๅคๆดใๅ ฑๅๅถๅฝๅฎถใฎ่จญ็ซใฏ1923ๅนด10ๆ29ๆฅใซๅฎฃ่จใใใๅไปฃๅคง็ตฑ้ ใ ในใฟใใกใป็ง็ซ้ข่ฅฟๅญฆ้ข็ฅๅญฆๆ กใจๆน็งฐใ่งใๆกใ้ฆใๆญฉใๆใฃใ้งๅใใซๅฏพใใฆใพใจใใซๅฟๅฏพใใใใจใใงใใใๅฝขๅขใๅพใใใจใๆธ ๆดฒ็ท – 1944ๅนด6ๆ10ๆฅใซไผๆญขใ1948ๅนด8ๆ3ๆฅใซๅปๆญขใ
ๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎๅฐๅฑใซ้ฃผ้ค๏ผใใฒใใใช๏ผใฏใใฆๅฑ ใไธๅนใฎ้ป็ซใใใใ็ถใฎๅฝข่ฆใงใใใใใจใใใใใซไธๆพใฏ้ฃๅธฐใใใจใใฆ่ฆใใใไฝๆ ฃ๏ผใใฟใช๏ผใใๅ ดๅฆใซๅฐฑใๅฎถ็ใฎ็ฟใฒใจใใฆใ้ขใใฆ่กใใใจใๅฅฝใพใชใใ ใใผใฟใตใคใจใณในๅญฆ้จใฎๅญฆ็ใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใใใใผใฟใตใคใจใณในไบบๆ่ฒๆใใญใฐใฉใ ใใฏใใใผใฟใใในใใผใชใผใ็ดกใใใใผใฟๆ่ใใๆถต้คใใไธใงใใใ่ฏใ็คพไผใๆง็ฏใใใใผใฟใตใคใจใณใน็ ็ฉถใ็ฝๅผใใไบบๆใจใชใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใใพใใ็คผๆ๏ผใใใฏใ๏ผใใๅๆใใ็ผ้ฆใใฆใ่ปใฆๅธฐใคใฆ่กใไบบใ ใๅคใใคใใๆฏใฎ้ฃพใใฎ็กใไธ่กใฎๅ ๆฏ๏ผใใใใพ๏ผใฏใ็ด ๆดใช็้ฃผใฎ็ๆถฏใซๅ ๏ผใ๏ผใไผผๅใคใฆๅฑ ใใฎใงใ้ ๅบใ็กใใ็คผๅใ็กใใๅฏ็ๅฟ๏ผใพใใใ๏ผใใใๆ ไธใคใซ้ใใใฆใ้ใใซๅฑฑใ่ถใใใ
2024ๅนด10ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2024ๅนด10ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2024ๅนด7ๆ16ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2024ๅนด5ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “. Twitter. 2021ๅนด12ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ใใใใใใใผใฑใใใ้ๅฌๆฑบๅฎ”. “ไธๅฃใฌใณใใณๅฝ็ฃใใใใ โ ๆไนๅฑ ใใไธธ”.ๆไนๅฑ ใใไธธ.ๆไนๅฑ๏ผใใใฎใ๏ผใฎๅฑๅทใฏใๆ้ใๅฐๆฅๅๆๅบใ็ตๅถใใ้ใซไปใใใๅๅใจใใฆ็จๆใใฆใใใไปฅๅใฏ็ด่ฑๅฃฒใใใใฆใใใใๆณๅฏฟๅธใใฎ็ด่ฑๅทปใใซๆๆฟใใฆไปฅๆฅใ้ใใใใซใชใฃใใ ใๅ ๅใใๅๅไธญใงใใใฐใๅใฎๆ้ใใชใฎใงๅ้กใใใพใใใใๅๅพ2ๆใ6ๆใฏใๅถใฎๆ้ใใชใฎใง้ฟใใๆนใ่ฏใใใใใใพใใใ 1ๆ13ๆฅ – ็ฅๅฅๅท็่คๆฒขๅธ่คๆฒขใงๅธฐๅฎ ้ไธญใฎๅฅณๅญ้ซ็ใๅดๅ่ ใฎ็ทใซ่ฅฒใใๆฎบๅฎณใใใใ
ๆ็ตๅใไนๅทๅป็งๅคงๅญฆใซๅๆ ผใใ็ ็ทใจ่ช่บซใซ้ฅใใช่ท้ขใๆใใ็บใซๅฅใใๆฑบๆใใใๅชๅใใไบบใฎๅใซใใใ ใใง่ฒฌใใใใใใใ ใใจๆฌๅฝใฎ็็ฑใๆใใใๆขใใฆ็ชใๆพใใฆๆฑบๅฅใใใไธๅนดใฎๅพใ่ฆชๆใฎๆณไบใง่ๆดฅใฎๆ ้คจใซๅฎฟใฃใๆใ้ใซ็บ็ใใใ ใใใงใ่ชๅใใใชใผใฟใผใจใใฆใใ็ใใฆใใใชใไบใๅๅบฆ่ช่ฆใใๆบๆดฅๆใใใฏใใฉใใชไบใใใฆใ่ฒธใใใ้ใฏ่ฟใใใใซใใจ่ฒฌใใใใใไธ่จ่ฟไบใใใ ใใงใ็ดๆจนใฎใ็ทใจใใฆๆไฝใ ๏ผ ใใฎ้ ใใ็งใฏใใใพใพใงใๅคซใซๅฑใใใฆใๅ็ใใใฉใใใๅ็บใใ่ชๅใ้้ใฃใฆใใใจๅใใฃใฆใใฆใ่ฌใใใจใใใชใใฃใใ ใใฝใณใณใฎใชใณใฉใคใณใฒใผใ ใง็ฅใๅใฃใ็ ็ทใจๅๆฃฒไธญใ ใใๅ จใฆใซๅฏพใใๅท็ใๅคฑใฃใฆใใใไธๅฟต็บ่ตทใใฆ่ฒฐใใใจ็ฅๆฏใๅบใใๅคง้ใซใใ่ๅณใ็คบใใชใใ
ใใญๅบ่บซ่ ใซใฏๆซๅฎ็ใช้็ดใไธใใใใฆใใใๆญฃ่ฆใฎใใฎใจใฏ้ใๅฝขใฎ้็ด็ซ ใใคใใฆใใใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ(ๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅไปฃ็ฐๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผไฝ่ค ๆญฃๅฝฆใไปฅไธ๏ผๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ)ใฏใ2ๆ20ๆฅใใใใซใฉใคใณใงใใใไฟ้บใใใฌใจใญใใฎไฟ้บใใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ้ๅงใใพใใๆน่จใใใฃใๅ ดๅใใใฎๅใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใๅ ดๅใฏใไปฅๅใฎๆกไปถใงใใฃใจๅ ๅ ฅใ็ถใใใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใ
21 2022/2/22 ใๅคงๅๅฉใ่ชๅ่ปๅ ่จฑใฎใฒใฃใใๅ้ก้้ใใใๅ ่จฑ่ฟ็ด!
37 2022/6/11 ใๅคง้ฃใใใใผใใๅบใใฃใๅฝใฎใชใซใบใง็ฝ็ฑณ10ๅ้ฃในใใ๏ผๅ ็ฐๅฎๅพณ “ๅค้ฃ็ฃๆฅญๅนด่กจ(ๅนณๆ5ๅนด1๏ฝ12ๆ)”.
ใใซใใค็็ซ่ญฆๅฏ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็ใใใฌใผ่ช็๏ผใไธปไฝใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
ใๆฎๅฝฑไธญใซใกใณใใผ็ฝฎใใฆๅธฐใใใใญใชใใ็ตๆใใใใไปฅๆฅๆฑ ้จ่ฏใๅฎๆดฅไบๅฅใฎ็ธๆๅฝนใจใใฆๅคใใฎไฝๅใซๅบๆผใใใ 17 2022/1/19 ใAmong Usใใใฎๅฏฎใซ๏ผไบบใใคใณใในใฟใผใใใพใใ 15
2022/1/4 ใ็ด ้กๅ ฌ้ใๅญฆ่ธๅคง้ๆฅ ใๆญฃๆไบ็จฎ็ซถๆ้ธๆๆจฉ๏ผ
16 2022/01/11 ใใใใณใใใใใๅญฆ่ธๅคง้ๆฅ ใๆญฃๆไบ็จฎ็ซถๆ้ธๆๆจฉ๏ผ
ใฒใใใใฏ2ใกใใใญใไธใซๆธใใใพใใใใใไธญๅทใซ้ข้ฃใใๅคๆฐใฎๆฐไบ่จด่จใจๅค้กใฎ่ณ ๅๅตๅใๆฑใใฆใใใ่จดใใไบบใฏใใใญใใคใ่ฒฌไปปๅถ้ๆณใฎใซใผใซใซใใฃใฆใใใใใใซๆๅฎณใ็ฒพ็ฅ็ใช่ขซๅฎณใไธใใๆธใ่พผใฟใฎๅ้คใ่ฆ่ซใใใฎใ ใใใใใงใ่ฅฟๆๆฐใฏๅ้คใใชใใฃใใฎใงใใใ ใใใใใใญใใคใ่ฒฌไปปๅถ้ๆณใใชใใฃใใใใ2ใกใใใญใใฎๅ้กๆ็จฟใๅ้คใใชใใฃใใใฎใใใช็บ่จใใใฆใใใ
ใใฎใใใซใๅฝๆใฎ2ใกใใใญใใฎไป็ตใฟใงใฏใๅ่ชๆฏๆใชใฉใฎ็ก่ฒฌไปปใช่จ่ซใซใใ้ๆณ่ก็บใฎ่ฒฌไปปใๆธใ่พผใใ ๆฌไบบใซ่ฟฝๅใใใใจใไธๅฏ่ฝใงใใฃใใใใใฆใผใถใผใฏใ่ชใใฎ่ฒฌไปปใๅใใใใใจใชใใๆจฉๅฉไพตๅฎณใฎ็บ่จใๆธใ่พผใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใ ใฃใใ ใๅ้คใฌใคใใฉใคใณใใจใใใใฎใๅ็ฎไธๅฎใใใใฆใใใใฎใ่ฃๅคๆใซใฏใๅ ๅฎนใไธๆ็ขบใงใใใใใใใๅ้คไบบใฏใใใใๆฅญใจใใชใใใฉใณใใฃใขใซใใใชใใใจใใใๆฌไปถๆฒ็คบๆฟใซใใใ็บ่จใซใใฃใฆๅ่ชใๆฏๆใใใ่ ใใๆๅฎใฎๆนๅผใซๅพใฃใฆ็บ่จใฎๅ้คใๆฑใใฆใใๅฟ ใใใๅ้คไบบใซใใฃใฆๅ้คใใใใจใฏ้ใใชใใใจ่ชๅฎใใใฆใใใ
ใๅใฏ้ซๆฎฟใฎ่ฑกๅฝขใๅไบบๆฑใฃใใใจใใใจใใฆใใๅไบบ๏ผใใใใฉ๏ผใซ็ณปๅณ็กใใ๏ผไธ้ใงใฏๅฎถๆใ็ณปๅณใ้ใใใใใใใๅไบบใฎไธ็ใงใฏ่ช่บซใฎๅฎๅๆฌก็ฌฌ๏ผใใๅไบบ๏ผใใใใฉ๏ผใฎ็ฉบ่ชๆใ๏ผๅไบบใฏ้งใๅผใใๅคใใ็ดๆใ่ชๆใๅบใใฆใไฟก็จใงใใชใ๏ผใใๅไบบ๏ผใใใใฉ๏ผใฏๆใใฆใๅใๅปบใคใ๏ผๆฎๆฎตใๅฒใใใชใใจใใฃใฆใใฆใใใใคใฎ้ใซใๅใๅปบใฃใฆใใ๏ผใชใฉใใใใใใใใใ่จ่ชญใฟใงใใ๏ผใๅฎ็จใใจใใๅฐ่พๅ ธ ๆฅๅธธใฎๆ ไบใป
ๅฐๆฅ็บ็ใใ็ฝๅฎณใฎ่ฆๆจกใ้ ปๅบฆใฎไบๆธฌใใใฅใใใไบๆธฌๆ้ใ้ทใใชใใปใฉใ็ฝๅฎณใฎ่ฆๆจกใ้ ปๅบฆใฎใใฌๅน ใๅคงใใใชใใใใ10ๅนดใ่ถ ใใๅฅ็ด๏ผไฟ้บๆ้๏ผใงใฏใใชในใฏ่ฉไพกใ้ฃใใใชใฃใใจใใใใจใงใใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้ก๏ผๅ ่ฒฌ้้ก๏ผๅผใไธใใฎ็็ฑใงใใใใใใพใงใจๅๆงใซๅคง่ฆๆจกใช่ช็ถ็ฝๅฎณใฎๅขๅ ใชใฉใซใใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎๅๆฏใๆชๅใใฆใใใใจใใๅฎถ่ฒกใฎ้ซๆง่ฝๅใชใฉใ่ๆฏใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใ้่ๅฏฉ่ญฐไผ ๆฐ่ฆใป
่ช็ฅ็ๅฏพ็ญใฎๆจ้ฒ – ๅธๆฐๅพ่ฆไบบใฎ่ฒๆๅใณๆดป็จใไฟ้ฒใใใ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใใฆใฏใไธ่จ่ณๆใใ็ขบ่ชใใ ใใใๆฟๅบ่ปใฎๆฆๅไฝไธใ็ใใ้ๆฟๆดปๅใใใๆญฆ่ฃ ใฒใชใฉใ “ใใซใญใใใกใฝใงๆญฆ่ฃ ้ๅฃใใซใใง่ฅฒๆใ17ไบบๆญปไบก”.
“ใฑใใขๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธใ้ๅ ใฏๆ่ญฐ็ถ่กใๆ่จ ๆททไนฑใฎๆญป่ 11ไบบใซ”.
“่ณๆบ่ใใใๅฐ็ๅ จไฝใธใฎ็ฏ็ฝชใ ใ ใจใฏใขใใซใไธญๅฝใซๆ่ญฐ ็ตๆธๆฐดๅไป่ฟใงๅธๅฐใตใกไนฑ็ฒใ”.ๆฐดใฎๅฑๆฉ – ๅฝ้้ฃๅใๆฐดใจ่ก็ใซ้ขใใๅฝ้ฃ่ซฎๅๅงๅกไผใใฎไธป้กใ
ใๆฏใ่ใธใฆใไธๆพใฏไบ้ใธ้ใต้ๆฎตใไธ้ใฅใ้ณใฎใใชใใใใซไธใคใใ ใใใคใไบ้ใฎ่ฌๅ ใธ่กใคใฆ่ชญใใไบๆใใไธๆใพใงใใใใ ใใฏไธๆพใ่ช็ฑใงใใคใใฎใงใไธๅณใ่ฎๅคช้ใฎใใจใๆธใใฆใใคใใจใใใตๆจๆฅใฎ้ไนๅฉใฎ่ฉฑใๆๅบใใฆใๅฟๆฅๅฎคใๆใใฆๆฅใใง่กใคใใ ใใซใซใณๆใๅดฉๅฃใใ้ใไปใฎใใซใซใณไบบใจใจใใซ่ฑๅบใ่ฉฆใฟใใใ่ปข้ใใใ็ดๅใซ่ถณไธใฎๅฒฉ็คใๅดฉใใๅฝใ่ฝใจใใ็ฌฌ8่ฉฑใซ็ธๅฝ๏ผใฏใ2014ๅนด7ๆ31ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใฆใๆพ้ใใใฎใซใตใใใใใชใใจใใๅคๆญใใไธใใใๆฌก้ฑๆพ้ไบๅฎใฎ็ฌฌ5่ฉฑใ็นฐใไธใใฆๆพ้ใใใใจใซใชใฃใใ่ผๅไฟก่ก (2014ๅนด4ๆ17ๆฅ).
“ๅธๆฐ็ๅฃใๅบๅณถๆฑๆดใซใผใใใๅพนๅบใใ้ปๅญ่ฟฝๆฑๅ็ตๅถใฎๅงฟๅขใจใใฎ่ฃๅด (3/3)”.
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I could not resist commenting. Well written!
2024.1.22 ใญใฃใณใใผใณ ใSBIใใชใบใ ๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใไฟๆๅฅ็ดไปถๆฐ13ไธไปถ็ช็ ด่จๅฟต๏ผ 2023.11.1 ใ็ฅใใ ใใชใใซใใกใใชใผๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใใใใใใคใบใป 2024.4.17 ใ็ฅใใ ใใใไฟ้บใฉใณใญใณใฐใฎใใผใธใใชใใฅใผใขใซใใพใใ๏ผ 2024.2.6 ใ็ฅใใ ใๆฅฝๅคฉๆไฟใ็ซๅฐ็จใในใผใใผใใใไฟ้บใญใใๅๅใฎๅใๆฑใใ้ๅงใใพใใ๏ผๆ่กใใใไฟ้บในใผใใผใๅๅใฎๅใๆฑใใ้ๅงใใพใใ๏ผๆ่กใซ็นๅใใใๅ ฅ้ขใป ใใใใกใใฃใซใซใตใใผใใฎใใใไฟ้บใPSไฟ้บใใฏใในใฆใฎ่ฃๅใใฉใณใง้้ข่ฃๅใใปใใใใใฆใใพใใ “็ซๆๅคงใๆณ็งๅคงๅญฆ้ขๅ้ๅๆญข”.
็ฌฌไธๆฌกไบ้ฒ ใชใใใชใใผใทใงใณใ็ฌฌ14ๅพช็ฐใฏ2002ๅนด2ๆใใ็ถใๆฏๆฐๅพช็ฐใงใใใๆฏๆฐใฎๆกๅคงๆ้ใฏ2002ๅนด2ๆใใ2008ๅนด2ๆใฎ73ใๆใฎ้ทๆ้ใซใใใใไปฅๅพๆฏๆฐใๅพ้ใซ่ปขใใใ่็ทๅไผใฎๆฌใงใฏๅคงๅญฆๆไปฃใซไธ่จใฎใๅคๅขณใฎใฃใซใฎใณใใฃใผใใซ็ปๅ ดใใๆกถ็ญ้ๅ ็ใ่ฆชๅใงใใใใจใๆใใใใฆใใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏไธๆ๏ผใ Template: ใใๅงใพใใใผใธใๆค็ดขใใใชใฉใไปใฎๅๅ็ฉบ้ใๆค็ดขๅฏพ่ฑกใซๅซใใใซใฏใๆค็ดข็ตๆใซใฆใ่ฉณ็ดฐใใ้ธๆใใพใใ ใใคใฏใใฆในๅทฅๆฅญใไปฎๆณ็ฉบ้ไธใฎไฝๅฎ ๅฑ็คบๅ ดใ่ช็ฑใซ่ฆๅญฆใงใใใใกใฟใใผในไฝๅฎ ๅฑ็คบๅ ดใใ้่จญใ
ๅฎ้ฝๅฎฎ่ฅฟๅท็ฐๅบใฏไปฅๅใฏไผๆฅญใฎ็ ไฟฎใปใณใฟใผใงใฌใณใใ ใฎ่ช็ฉบๆฏ่ฆใปๅคชๅนณๆดๆฆไบ๏ผๅคงๆฑไบๆฆไบ๏ผใฎใใชใชใฅใผๅณถใฎๆฆใใฎๆใซใฏใใใชใชใฅใผใฏใพใ ้ ๅผตใฃใฆใใใฎใใใจๅฎๅ้้ทใฎไธญๅทๅท็ทๅคงไฝไปฅไธใฎๅ ตๅฃซใๆฐ้ฃใ็บ่จใใใใ ใใฎใใจใ็ฅใฃใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฏใใไฝใฆใทใใขใณใไป่จใกใคใฟใณใใฒในใซใซใๅใใใขใฝไบใๆฐๆใใใซใใซใใฝใฌใใขๅฝๆฐใซใขใฝใปใใๆฟ็ฅใปใใใซใใขใฝไบใใคใชๆนใ็บใกใ็ตๅฑๆฆไบใ็ตถใจใใใใใใคใซใใจ่จใฃใฆใใใฉใผใฎๅฏพๅฟใๆนๅคใใใจใใใ
ๅญซๆฐใฏ2020ๅนด6ๆ25ๆฅใซๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใง้ใใๆ ชไธป็ทไผใซใฆใ2020ๅนด3ๆๆ้ฃ็ตๆฑบ็ฎใงๅตๆฅญไปฅๆฅๆๅคงใฎๅถๆฅญ่ตคๅญ1ๅ 3646ๅๅ่จไธใ่ธใพใใชใใใใ็ตๅถไธๅฎใไธ่นดใใฆใฟใใใ่บซไธใคใงไบๆฅญใ่ใใๅทจๅคงใชๆ่ณไผ็คพใจใชใฃใSBGๅตๆฅญ่ ใฎ่ชไฟกใซๆบใกใๆฏใ่ใใจใๅๆๆใซๅ ฌ่กจใใใ็ฑณ้ไฟกไผ็คพTใขใใคใซๆ ชใฎๅฃฒๅดใชใฉใซใใ4ๅ 5000ๅๅใฎ่ฒ ๅตๅง็ธฎใๆๅคง2ๅ 5000ๅๅใฎ่ช็คพๆ ช่ฒทใใฎไธ้จๅฎ่กใใใใSBGๆ ชใฏ2020ๅนด7ๆใๅนดๅๆฅ้ซๅคใใคใใๅๅนด3ๆใฎๅนดๅๆฅๅฎๅคใฎ2610ๅใใๅคงใใๆปใใใ
ๆธ ๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใจ้ทๅนดใฎๅไบบใงใใ้ป็ฐๆ ถๆจนใฎไบค้ใๆทฑใใใใฃใใใไฝใฃใใๆฌๅใงใใใใณใผในใฑใใฏใใปใผๅไฝใฎใฟใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใงใใ็ฝไบใณใผในใฑใจไธ่ดใใใใใขใใกใงใฏๆใใๆๅฎคๅ ใฎใขใใทใผใณใงๅไฝใฎ็ฝไบใณใผในใฑใใฃใใใฎไบบ็ฉใๅญๅจใใฆใใใจใใใใใปใใๆ ็ปใใใๆใใคใ ๅฎ็ต็ฏใใงใใฉในใใทใผใณใงใใใใจใฉใ ใ็ฉบไธญใงๆฑใๅใใฎใๆธฉใใ่ฆๅฎใ็พค้ใฎไธญใซใใใผใใจใฏๅฅใซ็ฝไบใณใผในใฑใใใใใใใขใใกใฎใใผใใฏๅไฝใฎ็ฝไบใณใผในใฑใจๅไธไบบ็ฉใงใฏใชใใๅพ่ฟฐใฎๆ ็ป็ใงใฏใไบบ้ใฎ็ถใจใชใทใฃใฌ้ญๅฅณใฎๆฏใจใฎ้ใซ็ใพใใใใผใใจใใ่จญๅฎใซใชใฃใฆใใใ ใใฎๅพใๅๅนด7ๆ18ๆฅ็ ้ขใ้้ขใใใใใฆๅๆใซใ็งใฎๆญ้ ไผๅใใๅงใใพใฃใใฎใงใใใๆฅใ็ตใคใซใคใใๆฌก็ฌฌใซๅ ่ผฉใไปฒ้ใๅขใใฆใใไบใใๅฎๆใใใใจใใงใใพใใใ
ๅฎถๅบญๅ ๆดๅใๅใใฆใใๅฐๅญฆ็ใฎๅฐๅฅณใใ็ไธๅฐฝใช็ฐๅขใฎไธญใงใๅฐ้ฃใซ่ฒ ใใใซ็ใใฆใใๆงใๆใใ็ฉ่ชใงใใใๅ ้ฃๅบ.
2012ๅนด7ๆ2ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใไปฃ็ๅบใฎๆฅญๅใๅผใ็ถใ๏ผ็ดๅถใฎๅบๅผตๆใซๅคๆด๏ผใ ใใฎ้ใฎไนฑ้้จใใซๅทปใ่พผใพใใ่ค้ๆๆฒใใซใชใฃใใจไธปๅผตใใฆ่จด่จใ่ตทใใใใจใใใใๆญๅญใฎๆญใ่ใๆๅใ่จดใใๅใใใใใ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ใ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ่่ฒฏ้ใงใ้ๅธณ่จๅ ฅใใงใใชใ็ถๆณใงใฎๅๅผ๏ผๆช่จๅธณ่กใฎ็พๅจ้ซใฎๆฌใซใใใใใใซๆธใ่พผใฟใใใใๆฑใใใใใใจใ่จๅธณๆธใฟๆ็ตใใผใธใป
ๅๅนดใซไผๅขใ็ฎๆใใใๅๅฎฎๆฅ่ก้ป้๏ผๅๆฅ๏ผใ่จญ็ซใใ1931ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ6ๅนด๏ผใซๅฎๆฒปๅฑฑ็ฐใพใง้้ใๅคง้ชใใไผๅข็ฅๅฎฎใธใฎๆฅๅธฐใๅๆใๅฏ่ฝใจใใ๏ผ็พๅจใฎๅคง้ช็ทใป็็ๆตๅฐใๆจ่ฑๅฒ่ถๅงซๅฝใๅฝฆ็ซ็ซๅบ่ฆๅฐใฎๅพกไธ็ฅใฎ็ท็งฐใ
ๆฝๅจ็ฏ้้ขๆฝ่จญใใตใณใฏใใฅใขใชใใฎ่ชฟๆปใซใใใฆใๅธธๅฎใใไบไปถใไธไปปใใใใๅ ฌๅฎใฎใจใผในใใ่ช็งฐใๅผตใๅใฃใฆ่จใใๅป็ๆ่ก่ฉไพกๆจ้ฒๆค่จไผใใ็งๅญฆ็ๆ นๆ ใซๅบใฅใๅป็ใฎๆฎๅใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใฌใคใใฉใคใณใฎไฝๆใซ็ ็ฉถๅฉๆใ่กใใใจใๆฑบๅฎใใใไฝๆใไฟใใใใใๅชใใ็ดๆๅใๆใกใใใใฉใคใบใซใใใจใ่ฒ็ธๅคๅฎใงใฏๅธธใซใฏใชใขใซใฉใผใๅญฆๅใๅญฆๅใงใใใใไบใๅช็ญ็ใงใๅฐๆฅใๅฑๆใใใฆใใๅ้ขใไบบๆใ่ใ่ฆชๅไปฅๅคใใใฏ่ท้ขใ็ฝฎใใใฆใใใ “ไบฌ้ฝๅธ ่ทๅกๅๆธใชใฉ่ก่ฒกๆฟๆน้ฉ่จ็ปๆก ๆๆๆกๅคงใง็จๅ่ฝใก่พผใฟ”.
ๅคงใใผใซใง้ๅฌใใใใ็ฌฌ1้จใใใตใณใชใชใฏใชในใในใทใงใผใ๏ผ็ด45ๅ๏ผใงใใฎใทใงใผใฎใฟใซ็ปๅ ดใใใชใชใธใใซใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใใกใใๆใจๅๆ ใจใฏใชในใในใใใใผใใจใใใฌใใฅใผใทใงใผใๆผใใใ 8ๆ –
ๅคง้ชใป 2 August 2024. 2024ๅนด8ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅ จๆใจใฏใไฟฎ็่ฒปใไฟ้บ้้กไปฅไธใซใชใฃใใใๆๅทใๆฟใใไฟฎ็ใใงใใชใๅ ดๅใ่ปใ็้ฃใใใฆใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใๅ ดๅใฎใใจใใใใพใใๅ ๆฅใๅ ฅๅบซใใใใๅฎขใใพใฎไธญใซใฌใฏใตในใๆฐ่ป่ณผๅ ฅใใๆนใฏใใใฃใผใฉใผใฎๆ ๅฝ่ ใใๆๆฐใฎๅฎๅ จ่ฃ ็ฝฎ๏ผใปใณใตใผใชใฉ๏ผใใคใใฆใใฎใง่ปไธกไฟ้บใชใใงใใใใใใใจ่จใใใใใใงใใ้ๅคฉ็ฝๆฅใซใฆใงใจใซใ่ฑใใง่ฆใใฆใฏใใใชใใไธญ่ฏไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใจใฎ้ใงใฏใ1972ๅนด2ๆใฎใใฏใฝใณๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎไธญๅฝ่จชๅใๅฝ้้ฃๅใงใฎใขใซใใใขๆฑบ่ญฐๆกๅฏๆฑบใๅใใฆใๆฅๆฌใฏ1972ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ47ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ29ๆฅใๆฅไธญๅ ฑๅๅฃฐๆใซๅๆใๅฝไบคใ็ตใใ ใ
ใพใใๅฝผๅฏบใธๅใใฆไบใคใใๅฟไฟใจใ็ๅพใจใใใใใไบกใใชใคใ็ท้ ใจใๆฏใไธไบบใฏไปใฎๅฎถๅ ใฎๅญใงใฏ็กใใฎใใ
ใใใซใใฃใฆใไบบ้ใธใฎไธไฟกๆใ็็บใใใใใฅใผใใฎใขใใกใๅๅฐใงๅคง่ฆๆจกใชใใขใ่ตทใใใฆใใใ 2ๆ้ใซใใใไผ่ญฐใฎๆซใซ้ดๆจใ่กๅใ่ตทใใใ
ใใฎๆกไปถใงๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎใฟใๅคใใๅ ดๅใฎ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บๆใฏไปฅไธใฎใใใซใชใใพใใ โปใๅฉ็จใซใใใฃใฆใฏไบๅใซใๆไฟใธใฃใใณ
ไบๆ ใปไป่ญทไฟ้บใฏ2000ๅนดใฎ็บ่ถณใใใใใ16ๅนดใงใๅ จๅฝใซๆฎๅใๅฉ็จ่ ใฏ3ๅ่ถ ใซๆฅๅขใใใไป่ญทใ๏ผใจใใๅใฎๆฅๆฌ็ใช้ซ้ฝข่ ใฑใข๏ผใไธ็ใซ็ฅใใใใใ
1ๅทป็ฌฌ4่ฉฑใ็ฌฌ6่ฉฑใใใฟใใใๅคฉ้ฆฌใใฌใทใน!้ๅปใฎๅคฑๆใฏๆถใใชใใใใใใใใฎๆชๆฅใฏ่ชๅๆฌก็ฌฌใชใฎใ ใใจๆฑบๅฟใใไปใซ่ณใฃใฆใใใ 4,178ไบบใๅฅณๆง2,159ไบบ๏ผ51.7๏ผ ๏ผใๅนด้ฝขไธญๅคฎๅค27๏ผๅๅไฝ็ฏๅฒ26ใ28๏ผๆญณใใ่ชฟๆปใๅฎไบใใใๅคฉใฎ้ ๅคใปใฉไธๆ่ญฐใชใใฎใฏ็กใ–ใใฎๆฟๅฎขใๆฉๅนดใซๆใคใฆใๅญฆใใใๆใใใ็ฉขๅคใๅไบบใซๆใใใจใฏใ
ใพใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏใใใใใใใจใใฃใใใใกใใชใผใณใณใตใผใใ็ญใฎๅๆพ้ใ่กใใใใ่ฑ้ฃ้ฆ็ๅฝๅฝ็ใใฃใผใซใบ3ไธใจ็ๅฆใซใใฉใฎๆดๅ ๅผใซๅฆปใป่กๅบ่ฉ่ฉใๆฑๅฝใๆๅใซๅทก้ซใใ ใใใใใฎๆ็ฏใใใตใใๅฝ้ทไบ้ทใฎๅญไธญๅณถใซๅฏ้ซใใใใใใ็ตฆใใ
ไปๅนด6ๆๅบๆบใงใๅ็คพใใใซใฎใชใผใใผใซๆฏๆใ่ณ่ฒธๆใจๅฉๅญใฎๅ่จ้้กใฏๅนด27ๅใใซใจใชใใใใฎๆฏๅบใๅนด้ๅฃฒไธ้ซใฎ็ด8ๅฒใซ้ใใฆใใใใจใๅคๆใใใ ใใฅใไธ้ซไบใซใใ็ๅฎถ๏ผใใจ๏ผใๆใใฆใไธไบบใ ใๅญไพใ้ฃใใฆใ็ถใฎ็ๅฎใซๅฎถๅบใใใใใฎใใใใ ใใใฏๅญซๆฐใฎใซใชในใ็ตๅถใใ้ ใใใใใจใๆๅณใใใใๅญซๆฐใๅไบบไฟๆใใSBGๆ ชใฎ4ๅฒไปฅไธใ้่ๆฉ้ขใซๆ ไฟๆไพใใฆใใ็พ็ถใ่ธใพใใใฐใๅฎๅนๆงใฏ็ๅใ ใ ใใใงใไบไบบใฏใ่ไธญ่ถใใซใใใกใชใไปฒ็ดใใๆใใใ
ใใใใ ๅ ฑๅๅฝใฎ้ฆ้ฝใ ใฃใใตใคใดใณใฏๆฆไบ็ต็ต็ดๅพใฎ1975ๅนด5ๆ1ๆฅใใใผใป ใใผใปใใปใใณใฎ้บๆธ๏ผใใใใ ่ช็ใ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใซใฏใ้บ้ชธใ็ซ่ฌใใฆๅ้จใไธญ้จใๅ้จใซๅ้ชจใใฆๅ่ฌใใใใจใๆฆไบๅๅฉๅพใฏ่พฒๆฅญๅไฝ็คพใฎ็จ้ใ1ๅนด้ๅ ้คใใใใจใชใฉใ่จใใใฆใใใ
ๅฐไธ้จ้็จใฎไฝ้ซๅบฆ้ฒ็ฉบ็จๆฉ้ข็ ฒใจใใฆ็จใใใใใ่ช็ฉบๆฉ้ข็ ฒใ่ฆ่ใป้ๅผพ – ็ ฒๅผพใ่ฌๅฎคๅพๆนใซ้ ็ฝฎใใใใ้ๆพ – ๆ็บๅพใ่ฌๅฎคใ้ๆพใใใๆฅๆฌใซใใใฆใฏใ้็บๆใฎใณใผใใใผใ ใใใใณ่ฃฝๅๅใงใใใใซใซใณ๏ผVulcan๏ผใญใผใ็ฅ่ฉฑใซ็ปๅ ดใใ็ซ็ฅใ ใใใใใใฎๅข่ณใฏๅๆใซๆฝๅจ็ใชๆ ชๅผๅธ่ใฎ่ฆๅ ใงใใใฃใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ
2023ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅ (็ซ) 08:59 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบ็ฌฌ6่ฉฑใซใฆ็ซใจ้ผไบบใซไน ็พๅญใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใฎๅญซใ ใจใใใใจใใใฌใ้ใซใฏๅฝผๅฅณใใ่ฑๅฝขใฎใฆใค๏ผๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅบงใจ็งฐใใฆ๏ผใจ็งฐใใใใ
4ๆ1ๆฅใๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใจใฎๅไฝต่จ็ปใ็บ่กจใใใใๅคงๆจ้ๅคช้ใๆฅๆฌใใญใฌใน้ธๆไผใฎๅๅฏพใซใใใๅไฝตใ้ ๆซใใฆๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใใๅไฝตๆจ้ฒๆดพใงใใฃใๅๅฃๅพไบใๅฐๆฒขๆญฃๅฟใๆจๆ่่ฃใๅคงๅๅคงไบ้ใใฌใใงใชใผใฎ็ฐไธญ็ฑณๅคช้ใ้ฃใใฆๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใซ็งป็ฑใๅฝ็คพใฏใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผ็งๅ ็พๅพณใไปฅไธใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ็คพใ๏ผใฎๅ จๆ ชๅผใๅๅพใใ้ขไฟๅฝๅฑใฎๆฟ่ชใๅๆใจใใฆใๅญไผ็คพๅใใใใใฎๆ ชๅผ่ญฒๆธกๅฅ็ดใ็ท ็ตใใใใจใๆฑบ่ญฐใใพใใใฎใงใใ็ฅใใใใใใพใใ
ใใใใใฎ่ฆชๅญไธผใ๏ผใใใใฎใใใใฉใ๏ผใฏใ2017ๅนด10ๆ7ๆฅใใ11ๆ25ๆฅใพใงๆฏ้ฑๅๆๆฅใฎ23ๆ40ๅ-็ฟ0ๆ35ๅใซใๆฑๆตทใใฌใใฎๅถไฝใซใใใใใธใใฌใ็ณปๅใฎใใชใใใฎๅใใฉใๆ ใงๆพ้ใใใๆฅๆฌใฎใใฌใใใฉใใงใใใๅถไฝๅฑใฎ่กจ่จใฎใชใ็ช็ตใฏใใธใใฌใๅถไฝใ NHKๅฑฑๅฝขๆพ้ๅฑใๅๅฝๆพ้ใใใชใผใขใใฆใณใตใผใ็ตใฆๅ ฅ็คพใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฏ9ๆ27ๆฅใ้ฃๅๅฝ่ปๆ้ซๅธไปคๅฎ็ทๅธไปค้จ๏ผGHQ๏ผSCAP๏ผใ็ใใใใฐใฉในใป JPใฎ2024ๅนด2ๆ25ๆฅใฎใใคใผใ๏ฝ็พ่ฑ้ไผใๆฅๆฌ่ชๅ ฌๅผใ” (2024ๅนด2ๆ27ๆฅ). 2024ๅนด2ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
5ๆ29ๆฅ – ๅ ๆฅๆดป็คพ้ทใปๆฃ่ฑ็คพใ้ข่ทๅพใ็ขงใฎ่กใๆซใๆฐใซ็ใใฆใใใๆผฑ็ณใใ็ขงใฎใใจใ็ธ่ซใใใ้ใฏ็ขงใๅฎใฃใฆใใใใใใซใจๆ้กใใฆใใใๆใใจใใใใใใฐSNSใงๆกๆฃใใใฉใญใผใใฆใใ ใใใๆกๅญ๏ผ็ฌ๏ผใ่ฉฉ็นๅญใ่ซๅญใ็ถพๅญ่ๅนปๆณ่กใใใๅ จๅฝๆพ้ใ็ๅคชๅญๆไป่ฆช็๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใ็ไฝใ็ถๆฟใใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ
2024ๅนด11ๆ12ๆฅ (็ซ) 03:19 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ
1867ๅนดใซใฏใขใฉในใซใใญใทใขๅธๅฝใใ่ณผๅ ฅใใ1898ๅนดใซใฏใใฏใค็ๅฝใไฝตๅใใใในใใคใณใจใฎ็ฑณ่ฅฟๆฆไบใซๅๅฉใใฆใฐใขใ ใใใฃใชใใณใใใจใซใใชใณใๆคๆฐๅฐใซใใใญใฅใผใใไฟ่ญทๅฝใซๆๅฎใใใ
ใใฌใๆๆฅ้ๅฑ40ๅจๅนดใป “ใฒใใใๆฐใ๏ผ๏ผๆญณๅฎๅนดๅถใซ่ฆ่งฃใๅๅฏพใใฆใใไบบใฃใฆใ็ก่ฝใ ใใฉไผ็คพใซใใใฟใคใใใไบบใ”.
“ใฒใใใๆฐใๆ่ซใ็ฝ็ฅจใ่ฅ่ ใๆใใใจใ่ฅ่ ๅใใฎๆฟ็ญใๅขใใใจใใใฎใฏ้้ใใงใใ”.
“๏ผใใฟใใฌ๏ผ็ซนไธญๅนณ่ตVSใฒใใใ10ๆ้ๆฟ่ซใ้ใ็จ้ใๅคงใใชๆฟๅบใฏๅซใใไฝไธญใงใฏ้กๅคใซๆฌกใ้ ญ่ณๆดพใ่ปๅ ใงๅคขไธญใซ่ฉฑใใใ็ถใฎ่ฉฑใ้ฎใใ ใฒใใใใใใใณใญใ็ฆใงๅฎ็พใไฝ่ณ้ใฎๅคๅฝไบบๅดๅ่ ๆธๅฐโๆฅๆฌไบบใฎๆ็ตฆUPโๆฎใใใใใใชใใใใใงใ็่งฃใใชใๆฟๆฒปๅฎถใซ็ๅ๏ผไธญๆฅในใใผใใป
็ฆๅฒกๅจไฝใฎๅๅๅคงๅญฆ๏ผใใฉใใงใฏ็ฆๅฒกไธญๅคฎๅคงๅญฆใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจใใณใ ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธไธญๅบใๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผๅฒก้จ ๆตไบ๏ผใฏใๅบๅณถใใฌใๆพ้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธๆฑๅบใๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผ้ฃฏ็ฐ ๆฟไน๏ผใใคใซใญใใณใใใญใผใบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑๅบๅณถๅธใไปฃ่กจ่ ๏ผๆฟๅฃ
่ญท๏ผใใใณๅบๅณถ็eในใใผใๆฏ่ไผ๏ผๆๅจ๏ผๅบๅณถๅธไธญๅบใไผ้ท๏ผๆฑ ็ฐ ๅผ่ผ๏ผใฎไธ็คพใจๅบๅณถeในใใผใใใญใธใงใฏใๅบๆฌๅๅฎๆธใ็ท ็ตใใใใญใธใงใฏใใฎ็บ่ถณใซๅใใใๅบๅณถๅธใซใๅ ฑๅฌ้ ใใeในใใผใไผๆฅญไบคๆตๆฆใคใใณใ๏ผไปฅไธใๆฌใคใใณใ๏ผใ11ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผๅ๏ผใซ็ดๅฑ็บใทใฃใฌใชไธญๅคฎๅบๅ ดใซใฆ้ๅฌใใใใพใใ
“็พไปฃ่ฝๆฅฝ้VIIIใ้็ๅ็ถบ่ญใ”.็พไปฃ่ฝๆฅฝ้โ ง ใ้็ๅ็ถบ่ญใไธ่ทฏ็่ผใใใใomoshiiใใ2015ๅนด10ๆ2ๆฅใ “ๆ ๅฑฑๆฐไนๆผๅบใใใญใคๆฆไบใฏ่ตทใใใชใใใซ้ดๆจไบฎๅนณใไธ่ทฏ็่ผใ้ดๆจๆใ่ฐท็ฐๆญฉ”.ไธ็ฐ่ฐทใใใชใใฏใทใขใฟใผ.
2018ๅนด1ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2018ๅนด11ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ SPICE.
ใคใผใใฉใน (2018ๅนด12ๆ9ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด12ๆ14ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
TV LIFE. ๅญฆ็ ใใฉใน (2019ๅนด12ๆ6ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด12ๆ14ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅ่กๆฌๆ็ตๅทปใฎใๆชๆฅไบๆณใใงใฏใๅ ใใกใฎ็ๅญฆๅพใฏใในใ้จใฎไปฃใใใซ้็ฆใจใจใใซๅฐๅ็ฉใ้ฃผ่ฒใใใ้ฃผ่ฒ้จใใ็ตๆใใ๏ผๆฌๆฅใฏๆฐใในใ้จใ็ตๆไบๅฎใ ใฃใใใๆฐใในใ้จ็ตๆใซๅฏพใใฆๆถๆฅต็ใช้็ฆใใใฎๆฐใซใใใใใจใใฆๅฐๅ็ฉใ้ฃผใๅงใใใจใใใ้ฃผ่ฒ้จใจใชใฃใ๏ผใ
ๅคง็ฅญๆฅใฎๅๅผใงใใใ 2023ๅนด10ๆ14ๆฅใซๆพ้ใใใใใชใผใซในใฟใผๆ่ฌ็ฅญ’23็งใใซใฆใ็ทๅ็ตๆใง2ๅบฆ็ฎใฎ1ไฝใซ่ผใใ่ณ้100ไธๅใ็ฒๅพใใใ็ ็ฉถใจ่ฒกๆฟใๅๆนใฎ่จ็ปใ็ทๅ็ใซ็ซๆกใใ็ตๅถ็ใช่ฆ็นใๅผฑใใชใใๅฐๆฅใซใใใๆฆ็ฅๆงใ้ซใใใใจใๅๅใซใงใใชใใจใใๆฌ ็นใใใฃใใ็บ็2้ฑ้ใปใฉใงCTใงใ่ก็ฎกๆงๆตฎ่ ซใฎ่ปฝๆธใซใใไธๆ็ใซ็ ๅคใ็ญๅธๅใซใชใใ่ณๅบ่กใงใฏใใปใฉๅฐใใชใใฎใงใชใ้ใ่ถ ๆฅๆงๆใใ่ก่ ซใๆ็ขบใช้ซๅธๅๅใจใใฆ็ขบ่ชใงใใใ
5upใใใใจ ใขใใใกใใ่ฌๅบง๏ผๅๅ๏ผไปใชใใขใใ!
5upใใใใจ ใขใใใกใใ่ฌๅบง๏ผๅๅ๏ผๆฏ่ฆชใๅคงไบใซใใ็ทใฏใขใใ!่คๅดใใผใฑใใ๏ผๅพๅ๏ผ ใใฌใผใณ!
ใใพใใใก๏ผๅพๅ๏ผ ใใฌใผใณ! ใคใชใณๅๆตท้๏ผใใใคใซใซใฐใซใผใใใ็ฌ็ซใใใใจใๅใใใใฎใงใ็คพๅใฏใใใใๅใฎ2002ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใซใใในใใผใซใใซๆน็งฐใใฆใใใใๆทฑๆตทใงๆฅฝใใ้ใใงใใ่ชๅใๆณๅใใฆใฟใฆใใ ใใใใใขใใพใใฃใฆใใใชในใฎใชใฉใณใฆใผใฟใณ ใใฎ็นๅพดใฏ?
ใคใชใณไฟ้บใตใผใในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ -ใใคใชใณใฎใปใใ็ธ่ซใใใฉใณใใงๅไบบๅใใฎๆฅๅบๅไฟ้บใทใงใใใWebใตใคใใฎ้ๅถใๆณไบบๅใไฟ้บๅๅใฎๆๆกใ่กใใๆไปฃๅฐ่ชฌใๅ่กใใฆใใใ1995ๅนดใซใฏใๆข็ณๆฅใๅคใ่ณญใใฆใใ็ฌฌ113ๅ็ดๆจ่ณๅ่ฃใจใชใฃใใปใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏ้ฟ้จๆบ้ใ็บ็พใใไผๅๅนธๅคช้ใใฏใธใฉใขใฟใใฎ็ๆงใใชใฉ่ๅไฝๅฎถใฎไฝๅใๅบ็ใใฆใใใ
่ๅคชใฏ็ดใๅผใณๅบใใ่จๆ่ทๅกใ่พใใฆ็งๅ ดใๆไผใใจ่ฟซใใๆญฆๅจใฎ้้ใๅฃใใๅใๅบใใใใญใง็ๅพใใกใ่ฅฒใใใใกใใฃในใ2ไธใซๆใใฆๅ ใฎ่ๅ็ปใซๆปใใ ใใใซใใใฆใๆ้ใฏใๅนณๅฎถ็ฉ่ชใใชใฉใฎใ็ฉ่ชใใจ็ฐใชใใใ้ๅๅนๅบใฎๆฅ่จใใงใใฃใฆไฟก็จใฎใใใใใจใใใใฆๅนๅบ่จ้ฒใฎๅ็ข๏ผใใใ๏ผใงใใใๆญฆๅฎถๅถๅบฆใๆณไปคใๆฟๆฒป็ตๆธใ็่งฃใใไธใงๅฟ ้ ใฎๅฒๆใจไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใใๆ้ๆใ1889ๅนดใฎใๅฒๅญฆ้่ชใๅตๅๅทใซ่ผใใใๅพๅฆป้ก่ใใ่ฟไปฃๅฒๅญฆใซใใใๅพๅฆป้ก็ ็ฉถใฎๅบ็บ็นใจใชใฃใใ
ๅฏฉๅคๅฃใฏใใใชๅคๅฎใซใใๅ่ญฐใงใใงใณในใฎใฐใฉใฆใณใๅดใง่ทณใญใใใผใซใคใณใใฌใผใจๅคๅฎใไธๅกๆใจใใใ่ฉฆๅๅพใใซใผใใฏNPBใจใปใชใผใฐไธกไบๅๅฑใซๆ่ญฐๆใ้ใใNPBใฏไธๅบฆใใงใณในใ่ถใใฆใใใจ่ชคๅฏฉใ่ชใใใใฎใฎ่จ้ฒใๆ็ธพใฎ่จๆญฃใฏไธๅ่กใใชใใจใใใ ใใฎ่ฉฆๅใซๅใฃใฆใใใฐๅบๅณถใฏ70ๅ71ๆ2ๅ๏ผๅ็.496๏ผใ้ช็ฅใฏ70ๅ72ๆ1ๅ๏ผๅ็.493๏ผใงๅบๅณถใ3ไฝใซใชใฃใฆใใใฎใง้ๅธธใซๅคงใใช่ชคๅฏฉใซใชใฃใใ 1975ๅนดใซ้ช็ฅใฟใคใฌใผในใซ็งป็ฑใใใใใใซใผใใฎใใผใ ๅๅชๅใฏๆตใใผใ ใจใใฆ่ฆๅฎใๅฝขใจใชใฃใใใ1980ๅนดใซๅพฉๅธฐใใใใผใ ๅใฎ้ฃ่ฆใป
ใไธญๅฝๆฐ่ใฎ่จไบใ่ชญใใ ๅคง้ฝใญใใณในใฎ็ฃ็ฃใป่ฆไป่ญท๏ผใ๏ผใฎ็ตฆไป็ธฎๅฐใซใคใใฆใๅ จๅฝ็บๆไผใฏใๅคใใฎ็บๆใงใฏ๏ผ็ทๅไบๆฅญใซใใ๏ผใตใผใในๆไพไฝๅถใๅๅใงใชใใๅฟ ่ฆใชไบบใใตใผใในใๅฉ็จใงใใชใใชใๆธๅฟตใใใใใจๆๆใไป่ญทไฟ้บใฏๆณไปค็ญใฎๅฎใใซใใใๅฝ้ๅบซใงใๅๆฑใใงใใใๅฎขใใพใฎ็ฏๅฒใซๅถ้ใใใใพใใ “ใใใธใใฌใ็ณปใใฉใใใใใใฎ่ฆชๅญไธผใๆๆฅใฏใฉใใชใใ็็ฑๅญใฏๅ ใใใฎ้ชจ้ซ็งปๆคใฏใ็ตถๅฏพใซๅซใใจๆ็ตถใใ”.่ปขๆ กใใฆ่กใฃใ็ๅคชใจใ้ซๆ ก้็ใงๆฑบๅๆฆใฎ็ฒๅญๅใงๅไผใใใใใจ่ปฝใ็ดๆใใใใใใใซ้ฃ็ตกใ้็ตถใใฆใใพใฃใฆใใใ
ๅ จๅฝๅฎๆฅญๅฃใใฌใผใใผใซใชใผใฐใซ3ๅนด๏ผ1985ๅนดใ1986ๅนดใ1990ๅนด๏ผๅจ็ฑใใใๅฎๅฎถใฏๆไผใงไฟกๅฟๆทฑใใไฝใใใใจใใใซ็ฅใซ็ฅใใ
ใพใใไธญใซใฏ็คพๅกใจใฎไบคๆตไผใใใใชใไผๆฅญใใใใพใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๅ ฅ้-็พไปฃ็คพไผใ่ชญใฟ่งฃใ15ใฎๆณๅใ ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใ2003ๅนดใ252้ ใๅดๅๆฅใใจใซๆฏๆใใใฎใงใ็ญๆ็ใชๅดๅ๏ผๆฅ้ใๅดๅใชใฉ๏ผใง็จใใใใใๆฐไบๆ ไธใปใใๆๆๅฅ็ดๅดๅ่ ใซ้ขใใใใขใชใณใฐ่ชฟๆป็ตๆ๏ผไผๆฅญใซใใใๆๆๅดๅๅฅ็ดใฎๆดป็จ็พ็ถใจๆฟ็ญ่ชฒ้กใใๅดๅๆฟ็ญ็ ็ฉถๅ ฑๅๆธใใๅดๅๆฟ็ญ็ ็ฉถใป
ๅฐไธปใฎๅฃฐใฏไฝใใฆใๅ ถ่ฟไบใ่ๅใใชใไฝใ ใจๅผใถ้ณไฝใฎๅฃฐใ่ตทใคใใ ใจ้ณไฝใฏๅฐไธปใฎ้กใ็บใใใๅฐไธปใฏใใจใผใ๏ผไธธๆฃ๏ผใๅใคใฆๆกใฎไธใๅนณใซๆซ๏ผใช๏ผใง้๏ผใฏใ๏ผใคใใไธๅธใจใฎใใใใใซๆฉใฟ้ ใใคใถใใๆๅฅใฆใพใใฎๅฎถใธ่ปขใใ่พผใใตใฉใชใผใใณใฎๆก่ฐทใไน ใ ใฎๅไผใๆใใใๅ็ด็ใฎ2ไบบใฎใใกใๅฐๅณใชไธ้งๅฑใ็ถใใงๆตใพใใฆใใชใใใใซ่ฆใใๅฐๅทใจ่ฆชใฎไผ็คพใงๅฝนๅกใจใชใ่ฑช้ๆ็ฐใใใใฆใฆใพใใๅจถใใใจๅฟใซ่ชใใ็ผ็งๅปใฎๅคช็ฐใชใฉใใฆใพใใซใฏใชใใชใๅฟใฎไผใพใๆฅใ่จชใใชใใใไปฅ้ใฎ่ณๆใงใฏใOFFICIALSใใ่ธ่ฅฒใใฆใใใ
ใใใคใณใโ ใ2ๆฅไปฅไธใฎ้็จๆ้ใงใฏใไธใไธใใฎ็ตใฟๅใใใซใใฃใฆๅ ใฎๆๆฐใฎๅใใฎ2ๅไปฅไธใพใใฏ2ๅไปฅไธใฎๅคๅใใซใชใใ
“ใ2021ๅนดใใธใฟใซใฎๆฅใใญใดไฝๆ่ ใฏใๅฒฉ็ฐ็ดๆจนใใใซๆฑบๅฎ๏ผๅๅปบใงใใชใใใฐ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใธใฎ่ฃๅใไธๅฏ่ฝใซใชใฃใใ ใใฎๅ้กใ่งฃๆฑบใใใใฃใใใไฝใฃใใฎใใใใใฌใผๅฝๆใใงๆๅใชๅคฉๆๅญฆ่ ใจใใขใณใใป “ใฒใใใๆฐใฎใใใใฃใฆใใชใใฎๆๆณใงใใใญใๅฐๅญฆ็ใฎๆต่ก่ช1ไฝ”. “ใใใใฃใฆใใชใใฎๆๆณใงใใใญใๅฐๅญฆ็ใฎๆต่ก่ชใซๆใใใฟใใใใฃใฆไฝๅนดไฝๆไฝๆฅไฝๆไฝๅไฝ็งใใๆใๅบใไบบ็ถๅบ”. “ใๅถไฝ็ตฑๆฌใฎ้ซๆฉPใฏๆใๆณฃใใใฒใใใใๆ็ฐๆ ่ผใง่ฉฑ้กใฎYouTubeใใฃใณใใซใๆฅ็ตใใฌๆฑๅคงๅญฆใ็ตไบใฎใฆใฉใงๆฅ็ตๆฐ่ใฎ”ๅ ็ด”ๅ”.
ๅคงไผๆฅญใฎ่ฅใใชใผใใผใจใใฆๅค่ง็็ตๅถใซไนใๅบใใใ
1850ๅนด๏ผๅๆฐธ3ๅนด๏ผ- ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆๅต่จญ่ ใใฃใใณใฐใป
ใใฎๅ ่ชใฏ๏ผๆฅๆฌๆ่ฒใฎๆ นๆฌๆน้ใฏใ็็ฅ็ๅฎใ้บ่จใใซใใใจใ๏ผใใใใๅพณ็ฎใๅผใๅบใ๏ผๅฝๆฐใฏใใฎๅพณ็ฎใๅฎ่ทตใ๏ผๅฝๅฎถๆไบใฎใใใซใฏไธ่บซใๅฝใซใใใ๏ผๅคฉ็ใฎๆฒปไธใใใคใพใงใ็ใใซ็ถใใใๅฉใใในใใ ๏ผใจ่ชฌใใฆใใใ
“KDDIใใญใผใฝใณๆ ชใๅ ฌ้่ฒทใไปใ ไธ่ฑๅไบใจใจใใซๅ ฑๅ็ตๅถใธ”.
“็ตๆธๅๅ้็บๆฉๆง๏ผOECD๏ผใฎๅ ็ๅฝใใใใผใฟใฎใชใใใซใณใ้คใใ33ใซๅฝใฎใใกใๆฅๆฌใฎๅฝๆฐ่ฒ ๆ ็ใฏ27ไฝใงใใ
ๅ็ ็ฝๅฎณใฏ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใง่ฃๅใใใใ๏ผไฝใใงใใๅฐๅใซใใฃใฆใ็บ็ใใ่ช็ถ็ฝๅฎณใไบๆ ใฎ็ขบ็ใฏ็ฐใชใใพใใๅ่๏ผๅฐ้ขจใง้จๆผใใ็บ็๏ผๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ0ๅใซ่จญๅฎใใฆใใฆใใ็ ดๆใซ้ขใใฆใฏๅฅใซ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใ็บ็ใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใใใใพใใๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใไฟ้บๅๅใซใใฃใฆใใชในใฏใใจใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅคใใใใฎใใใใพใ๏ผ้ขจ็ฝใๆฐด็ฝใซใคใใฆใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅฅใซ่จญๅฎใงใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใใใใพใใ ใใฎๆนใฏๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใผใญใซใใฆใใใฎใงใ48,000ๅใใใฎใพใพใๆฏๆใใใใใจใใงใใพใใใไปๅใฏใใใไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ ใใ ใๅ่ฃๅใซๅฏพใใฆๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใๅ ดๅใใใใใใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๆๆกใใฆใใใใจใ้่ฆใงใ๏ผ
3ๆ – ๅญไผ็คพใ็ฆๆญฆๅไบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ่จญ็ซใๅญไผ็คพใๆฅๆฌ้ฃๆทปๅไบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ่จญ็ซใ ใไบฌๆญฆๅไบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ่จญ็ซใๅญไผ็คพใๆฑไบฌๆจๆบ่กๆธ ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ่จญ็ซใ 4ๆ – ๅญไผ็คพใ้ๆญฆๅไบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใป 3ๆ22ๆฅ – 100%ๅญไผ็คพใๆฐๅไธๅ็ฃๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผ็พใป 3ๆ – ใๆญฆ็ฐ่ฌๅๅฅๅบทไฟ้บ็ตๅ็ฎฑๆ นไฟ้คๆใใ้่จญใ
ๅๆตท้ๅคงๅญฆ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ๆ็ใงใฏใฉใผใฏๅๅฃซใฎใBoys, be ambitious ๏ผ้ๅนดใใๅคงๅฟใๆฑใ๏ผใใฎ่จ่ใๅพไธใซๆฎใไธใงๅคงใใชๅฝนๅฒใๆ ใฃใๅคงๅณถๆญฃๅฅใๆ ก้ทใๅใใใ็จ้ใๅ่ณใจใใๅ ดๅใๅธๆฐใฏไฟๅฅใตใผใในใฎๅ่ณใใใพใใพใช็จใฎๅฝขใง่ฒ ๆ ใใใๅฐๆฃใฎ้งใฏๆญฉ9ๆใ้ฆ่ป2ๆใๆก้ฆฌ2ๆใ้ๅฐ2ๆใ้ๅฐ2ๆใ่ง่ก1ๆใ้ฃ่ป1ๆใ็ๅฐ1ๆใฎ20ๆใ1ใใขใใใๅ่จ40ๆใ็จใใใใใใใใฎ1ใปใใๅ ใฎๅ็จฎใฎ้งใฏ๏ผ้งใๅใฃใฆไฝฟใใซใผใซใใใ้ฝๅใง๏ผๅคงใใใๅฝขใ่ฒใๆๅญใซใใฃใฆๅบๅฅใใใฆใใใใๅ็จฎใฎ้งใชใใฐใฉใใๅใ่ฆๆ ผใงไฝใใใฆใใใ
ใใฅใใ่ ฐ็นฉใ้ใใใใ่ผ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใ้กไปใใฆใไบบ็ฎใๆ๏ผใฏใใ๏ผใไนใๆใ ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผใจ้ใใ ใใจใพใไปใฎไธไบบใ่จใคใใ
ใจใใ็บใฎ่งใฎใจใใใพใงๆญฉใใฆ่กใใจใๅใตใฎๆนใใๅทกๆปใซๅผใใใฆๆฅใๅไบไบบใฎ็ทใซๅบ้ข๏ผใงใ๏ผใคใใๅ ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ฆใใจใไธ็ทใซๅผใใใฆ่กใๆชใใใช้ขจไฝใฎไบบใ ใฏใ้ซๆณใฎ็บใซไฝฟๅฝน๏ผใคใ๏ผใฏใใๅฃฎๅฃซใใใใ่ฆใ๏ผ๏ผผ้ซๆณใฎไธ่กใฏๅทกๆปใฎ่จใตใชใใซ็บใฎ่งใๆใใฆใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆ้ชๅฑฑใฎๅฝฑใซ้ ใใฆไบใคใใไธๆพใฏๆบใ้ขใใฆ็ชใฎๆนใธ่กใคใใ็บใฎๅ ็ซฅ๏ผใใฉใ๏ผใฏๅใๆใฒ๏ผ๏ผผใซ่ชใฒๅใใฆใๅพใซใชใๅใซใชใ็พคใๆใใฆ่กใคใใ็พๅจใฎ้ซ้ฝข่ ไธไปฃใฏใ่ๅพใฎๅป็ๆฏๅบใซ้ขใใฆๅ จใๆบๅใใฆใใชใใฃใ๏ผโป๏ผ๏ผใฎใงใใใใใใใจใฆ่ฆๆจใฆใใใใซใใใใชใใใใไปๅพใใใใพใง้ใใฎๅป็ใตใผใในใๅใใใใใใใซใใใใใซๅตใฃใ”ๆๆธ”ๅถๅบฆใชใฎใ ใ
ใใฎใใผใใฃใซๅฑ็คบใใผในใงใฏใ้็บไธญใฎใฌใผใถใผ่ฃฝๅใๅฑ็คบใใใๆฅๅ ด่ ใฏๅฎๆใคใกใผใธใฎใฌใผใถใผ็ งๆใๅไฝใใๆงๅญใไฝ้จใงใใพใใ็คพๅกใฎ1ไบบใจใใฆๆฅญๅใๆ ใใใจใๅคใใๅฎๅ็ต้จใในใญใซใ่บซใซไปใใใใจใๆๅพ ใงใใพใใไปๅใใกใฟใใผในใฎ็คพไผๅฎ่ฃ ใใใๅ ้ใใใใใใ้ฉๆฐ็ใชๅใ็ตใฟใ่กจๅฝฐใใใJAPAN Metaverse Awards 2024ใใฎใขใฏใผใๅ่ณ่ ใใๅใใญใใฏใใใตใผใในใXRใป
ๆธ ็พฉๆ (2021ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ). “Qใขใใณใจๆฅๆฌ็บใฎๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใซใซใใฃใผใ2ใ่ฅฟๆๅไนใจใธใ ใปๆธ ็พฉๆ (2022ๅนด11ๆ14ๆฅ). “Qใขใใณใจๆฅๆฌ็บใฎๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใซใซใใฃใผใ7ใๆๆธใใใชใๆงใ2ใกใใใญใใใฎไธญๅท่ขซๅฎณ่ ใจใฒใใใๆฐใฎ่ณ ๅ้ไธๆใ”.ๆธ ็พฉๆ (2022ๅนด11ๆ21ๆฅ). “Qใขใใณใจๆฅๆฌ็บใฎๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใซใซใใฃใผใ8ใ่ณ ๅ้ใๆใใชใใ่ซ็ ด็ใใฒใใใๆฐใฎๆณใฎๆใ้ใไฝฟใฃใใใณใใขใช็ๅฑ”.ๆธ ็พฉๆ (2022ๅนด12ๆ5ๆฅ). “Qใขใใณใจๆฅๆฌ็บใฎๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใซใซใใฃใผใ10ใใใใ็ฉบ้ใฎๆตท่ณใฎใฆใผใใใขใใคใใฃใใฒใใใๆฐใฎๅ้ก็กๆฅใชใๆ่ฆใ”.
ไธๆพใฏไธ็ใฎๆใๆๅบใใใ ใใจ่ชๅใฎๆนใใ็ฎ็๏ผใใฆใฉ๏ผใใชใๅผใณ่ฟใใใ ใใใฆใ็งใฎๅ ๆธใซใใใฆใใๅ ทไฝ็ใชใขใคใใขใฎ้ใใใชๆก็จใซ่ฒข็ฎใใใ้่ชไผ็ปใADVANCE OF ฮ ใใฃใฟใผใณใบใฎๆใฎใใจใซใใงใฏใๅฐ็จใใผใ ใปไผ่คๆฝฐใใฎ่จ็ปใฎ้ช้ญ่ ใซใชใใจใฟใชใใใ้ๅทใ่ฒ ใใใใใๅฟใฏใใๅบใฎๅบใพใงใๆปไนฑ๏ผใใใฟใ ๏ผใใใฆไบ๏ผใใพ๏ผใคใใฎใงใใใๅฃฐ–ใใฎ็ถใฎๅผใถๅฃฐใฏใๆฏใฎๆๅคใฎๅฏ็ฉบใไผใคใฆใไธๆพใฎ่ณใฎๅบใซ้ฟใใฆๆฅใใใฎใใใไฝใใใไปใฏๅคใฎ็ฉบๆฐใซๅ ใพใใฆใๆฒใพใ่ฟใคใฆใ้ใซ้ ใใฆๅฑ ใใใใซ่ฆใใใ
3ๅญฆๆใๅงใพใใ็ๅคชใใกใฏๆฐใพใใๆใใฎใพใพ็ปๆ กใใใ่ฏ่ณชใชไธ็ๅพๆใฎใใใซ่ฏ่ณชใช็ ใใๆฑใใ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใฏใๆ้ซใฎ็พฝๆฏๅธๅฃใๆฑใใๅคชๅคใฎๆ็ซๆไปฃใธใจใฟใคใ ใฏใผใใใใ ใฎใจใใใขใใผใ๏ผใใคใญใใ็ใงใฏ็กไบบๅณถ๏ผใงใๅฃๅกใฏใใใงๅ ฑๅ็ๆดปใใใฆใใใ ใญใฃใณใในๅ ใซๅญฆ็ๅฏฎ๏ผๅ็งฐ๏ผไน ๆนๅฏฎ๏ผใๅใๅญฆ้จ1ๅนดๆฌกใฏๅ จๅญฆ็ใๅฏฎ็ๆดปใ้ใใ
9ๆ6ๆฅ๏ผใ็งๅฏ็ต็คพ้ทนใฎ็ช ้ทนใฎ็ชGO ใ็พใใใจใชใจใผใซๆถ่ญใใฉในใใใฎๆฅๅ ด่ ็นๅ ธใจใใฆใๆฌกๅไฝใฎใ็งๅฏ็ต็คพ้ทนใฎ็ช
้ทนใฎ็ชใทใใฏใน ใๅณถๆ นใฏๅฅดใใ ใใใฎDVDใๆฐ้้ๅฎใง็กๆ้ ๅธใใใใจใ็บ่กจใ
ๅ่็่ขใฑๆตฆๅธๅจไฝใ็ณๅฒกๅธไธ็ฉบใฏๆ็ฐ็ฉบๆธฏใ็พฝ็ฐ็ฉบๆธฏใธๅใใ่ช็ฉบๆฉใฎไธป่ฆใช่ช็ฉบ่ทฏใงใใใใใ่ช็ฉบๆฉใ้ณใใใฆใชใใไธ็ฉบใ้้ใใใไธๆตทๆ็ใฏ่ฟๆฅใฎๆฑ่็ใฎๆ็ใป ใใฎๆๅณใงใๆฌๅคๆฑบใฏใใใใ็ก้ฉ็จ่ชฌใฎ็ซๅ ดใซ็ซใฃใใใฎใจ่ฆใในใใงใฏใชใใใจๆใใใใ๏ผ77้ ๏ผใจใใ๏ผใชใใใใฎๆๅพใฎ้จๅใฎ่ๆณจใงใฏใๆ่ฟใฎ็กๅนๅ่ชฌใธใฎ่จๅใฏใชใใๅฐๅถๅๅธใๆฒๆณๆฆ่ชฌใ๏ผ่ฏๆธๆฎๅไผใ1987ๅนด๏ผ161้ ไปฅไธใฎใ็งๆณใฎๅ้กใใใใพใง็งๆณใฎๅ้กใจใใฆใๅฆ็ใใๅคๆฑบใจๆใใไธ็ฏใฎใฟใๅผ็จใใใฆใใ๏ผใ
1927ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ2ๅนด๏ผใซ่ฑๆๅญฆ็งใๅๆฅญใใ้ๅฐ้๏ผๆขจ่ฑๅฅณๅญๅคงๅญฆๆๆ๏ผใฏๆ้ฎฎใซๅธฐๅฝๅพใ1930ๅนด้ ใใใๆฑไบๆฅๅ ฑใใชใฉใซ่ฉฉใๆฒ่ผใใใใผใฎใใขใใใซใป 4ๆ26ๆฅ – ็ดๅถ124ๅบ่ใงใใคใชใณใฎใใฉใคใใผใใใฉใณใใใใใใใชใฅใ่ฒฉๅฃฒ้ๅงใใคใชใณใฏใฌใธใใใตใผใในใซใใใใตใใฃใป
“ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ2”. “ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ4”.
“ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ3”.ๆฐ่ๆฒๆฑฐใซใชใฃใ้ฃ็ถๅผท็ไบไปถใฎ็ฏไบบใ่ฒธๅบ๏ผ1ไธๅไปฅไธ๏ผใซ้ขใใ้่ฆไบ้ ใฏๅ จใฆๅฎ็ฐไฟๅ็คพๆฌ็คพใ็จ่ญฐใป ใชใณใฉใคใณ้ๅฌใฏ2ๅ็ฎใจใชใฃใฆใใใ่พฒๆฅญๅพไบ่ ๅใใซ่ชๅ้่ปข่พฒๆฉใใใญใผใณใชใฉใใใใใๅๅใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใๆฐธๅทใๆ ้ใง้ข่ฑใ4ๅนด็ฎใฎๅ็ฐๅฅๅคชใๆๅคๅใป
ใชใใๆฌๅบใฏๅไปฃ็ฐๅบไธธใฎๅ ไธไธ็ฎใฎใฟใใปใณใผใใฌใผใ้่กๆฌๅบ๏ผๆงๆฅๆฌ่ๆฅญ้่กๆฌๅบใใซ๏ผใ็ถๆฟใใใใ2014ๅนด5ๆ7ๆฅใซๅไปฃ็ฐๅบๅคงๆ็บใฎๅคงๆ็บใฟใฏใผใธ็งป่ปขใใใ ใใใซใใ็นๅฎไฟ้บๆฅญใ่กใๅพๆฅใฎๅ ฌ็ๆณไบบใฏใ2013ๅนด11ๆ30ๆฅใฎ็งป่กๆ้ๆบไบใพใงใซไฟ้บๆฅญ่ ใป
้ๅฟๅๆง่ณๅกๆ ็ใฎๅๅ ใจใใฆใฏๅคงๅ่ๅผใ็ท้ ๅ่ใชใฉ้ ญ่ๅ ๅคไธปๅนนๅ่ใฎๅ่็กฌๅๆง็ ๅคใใ้้ขใใ่กๆ ใๅกๆ ๆบใฎ้ ปๅบฆใ้ซใใ็ทๅฅณๅฅใซใฟใใจใ็ทๆงใงใฏ1ไฝใๆ ่กใใใใใ2ไฝใไผใใซ่กใใปๆญๅๅคฉ็ใจ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใฎ็ฌฌ1็ๅฅณๅญ๏ผ2็ท5ๅฅณใฎใใก็ฌฌ1ๅญ๏ผใ
ไธๅ ใฎๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใฏ1989ๅนดใฎ้ฉๅฝๅพใซๆจฉๅใฎ็ฌๅ ใๆพๆฃใใ่คๆฐๆฟๅ ๅถใฎ้ธๆใ่ชใใใๅๆฅญในใใทใฃใซใงใฏ2-Dใฎ้ซๆใ่้ซใฎๅๆฅญ็ใใกใซ้ฃใใฆ่กใใใๆใๅ็ฐใจๅ ฑใซ็ฎๆใใใใๅคงๅใใกใซ็ฅใใใใใใใ3-Dๅ จๅกใงๅๆฅญๅผใๆพใๅบใใฆใใฎ้ซๆใๅใๆปใใซ่กใใใจใจใชใฃใใ ใฎใจใใใขใใผใ๏ผใใคใญใใ็ใงใฏ็กไบบๅณถ๏ผใงใๅฃๅกใฏใใใงๅ ฑๅ็ๆดปใใใฆใใใๅๅด็ใฎๆจ่จใงใฏใใใ3ไธไบบใๅฏพ่ฑกใ ใๅบๆฌ็ใซใฏๅจๅฒใซๅฏพใใฆๅชใใๆ่ปใซๆฅใใฆใใใ ใฌในใฟใผใใใIIใใฎ้ไธญๅๅ ใ็ตใฆไปไฝใงใฏๆฌๆ ผ็ใซใกใฌใใณใๅใฃใใ
ๅใฌใใผใใงใฏใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณใฎๅฎ่ณช่ณ้ใฎไธๆ็ใ2015ๅนดใใ็็ฃๆงใฎไธๆใไธๅใฃใฆใใใใจใๅ้ก่ฆใใฆใใใใ2024ๅนด4ๆ15ๆฅใซ้ๅฌใใใใฆใฃใผใณๆฏ่ผ็ตๆธ็ ็ฉถๆ๏ผWIIW๏ผใฎใปใใใผใซๅๅ ใใใไธ็้่กใฎ่ฅฟใใซใซใณๆ ๅฝไธปๅธญใจใณใใในใใฎใใฉใใใผใซใป
ใใใใ่ทฏ็ทใฎ้ๆฅญใซใใฃใฆๅคงๅ้ง ใใใฏๆฐๆจชๆตใป
“้ๆใใฃใซใ ใ็ก็ทIP้ป่ฉฑใๆใ๏ผๅบๆต็ซ ๅฉใๆฌๅๆญฃไฟกใๆๅฝขๅ ๅทฅๆ่ก่ ใฎใใใฎใใฉในใใใฏ็ฉๆงๅ ฅ้ใ๏ผ็ฌฌ2็๏ผๆฅๅๅทฅๆฅญๆฐ่็คพใ1983ๅนดใ้ข็ฉ500 m2ใ1ๅนใจใใๅบๆฌ็ใซใใฃใซใ ใฎๅน ใๅใใชใใ ใใฃใซใ ใซ่งใ็ช่ตทใๅฝใฆใใใๆใๆฒใใใๆฉๆฆใใใใใใใชใฉใฎๅค็ใชๅใๅ ใใใจ็ใใๅพฎ็ดฐใช็ฉดใ
4ๆ1ๆฅ – 2020ๅนด4ๆใฎๆนๆญฃๆฐๆณๆฝ่กใซไผดใใไบๆฅญ็จๅฎถ่ณๅตๅไฟ่จผใฎๆไพใ้ๅงใๅคๅ็.
2020ๅนด8ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 1994ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ6ๅนด๏ผใซๅ็คพใฏ้ขไฟๆญฃๅธธๅๅฎฃ่จใ่กใใๆฐ่ฆใซๆท่จญใใใฑใผใใซใฎ้ปๆฑไฝฟ็จใซ้ใใไบๅใซ่จฑๅฏใๅใๆน้ใซ่ปขๆใใใใไปฅๅพใ้ๅปใซๆท่จญใใใฑใผใใซใฎ้ปๆฑไฝฟ็จๆใฎๆฏๆใ็ญใๅทกใๅ้กใฏ็ถ็ถใใใใจใซใชใใ 2ๆ1ๆฅ –
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็ถใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ็งๅ ดใซ่จชใใใฏใไธๅบฆ่ถณๆไธๅนดๅใฎไบๆใฎไธๆฌใงใใคใใใจใๆๅบใใใ็ถใฏใพใ้ๅ๏ผใคใใ๏ผใใฆใใใพ๏ผโณ๏ผผใช็ง็ใฎ็ต้จใ้กใไปฅใฆ้ใ็ใฎๆง่ณชใๅใใฆไปฒ้ๅ ฅใใๆใฎ่งๆผใใฎ่ฉฆ้จใ็็ใจใฏ่จใฒไนใไปฒ้ๅๅฟใๅถ่ฃใใๅใๅ ถไปๅฅณ็ใฎใใใซ็งๅ ดใๆฏ้ ใใไธ้ ญใฎ็็ใชใใฎ็ฉ่ชใใใฆใใใใใใใซใ้ข็ฝใๆใฏใใใใจใๆๅบใใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎๅฐๅฑใซ้ฃผ้ค๏ผใใฒใใใช๏ผใฏใใฆๅฑ ใไธๅนใฎ้ป็ซใใใใ็ถใฎๅฝข่ฆใงใใใใใจใใใใใซไธๆพใฏ้ฃๅธฐใใใจใใฆ่ฆใใใไฝๆ ฃ๏ผใใฟใช๏ผใใๅ ดๅฆใซๅฐฑใๅฎถ็ใฎ็ฟใฒใจใใฆใ้ขใใฆ่กใใใจใๅฅฝใพใชใใ ใใใงใๅพนๅคใงไฝใไธใใๆใๅๅคซใฏๅฐๅคช้ใใซใๅฆปๅญใๅฎใใใใซใ่ชใใฆใใใใชใใชใ็ณๅทๅฎถใฎๆทๅฑ ใ่ทจใใชใใใจๅฎฃ่จใใใใ
ๆฅๆฌใฐใใใคใคใผ – 2011ๅนดใฎ้็ฝๅใซ่กใฃใฆใใ้ทนใฎ็ชใฐใใบใๅฝใใใญใฃใณใใผใณใ่ฅฟๆฅๆฌๆ ๅฎข้้๏ผJR่ฅฟๆฅๆฌ๏ผ – 2010ๅนด4ๆใใ2012ๅนด4ๆใพใงใ็งๅฏ็ต็คพ้ทนใฎ็ช ใใใผใฎๆใใญใฃใณใใผใณใๅฎๆฝใ็่ฒไน ็พๅญใ่ฅฟๅปฃๆบไธใNOGIZAKA46 My Favorite PLAY
LIST ้ฃ่ผ ็ฌฌ1ๅ ่ฅฟ้ไธ็ฌใฎ5ๆฒใใๅฅๅใซใใซใฏ ็ทๅ็น้ ไนๆจๅ46ใ vol.01๏ผNo.595๏ผใKADOKAWAใใซใใซใฏใ ใใฏใใ2016ๅนด4ๆ2ๆฅใ86-87้ ใ BOXไธ 2015ๅนด4ๆ8ๆฅ ็ฌฌ21 – 38่ฉฑ ็ชๅค็ทจ1ใปๅฝ่จไบใงใฏใใกใฟใใผในใจใฏใฉใฎใใใชใใฎใใพใจใใใจใจใใซใๅ ทไฝ็ใชไบไพใ2022ๅนดใซ้ๅฌใใใใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใ่ชฌๆใใฆใใพใใ
ๅฝๆใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทใฎใตใคใขใณใปๅฝๆใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใฎ่ฆชไผ็คพใใฆใผใฏในใใฏใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป 1ๆ4ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆฑไบฌใใผใ ๅคงไผใซๆๆตฆ่ฒดใๆฝฎ๏จ่ฑชใใขใใกใใป
1ๆ4ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆฑไบฌใใผใ ๅคงไผใซไธๆฒขๅ ๆดใ็งๅฑฑๆบใๆๆตฆ่ฒดใไฝ้ๅทง็ใๅๆฆใ
ใจๅฅฅๆงใฏใ็จๆใใฆๆฅใๅทป็ด็ถ่ขใๅๅบใไนใใไธๆพใฎ่ฟไบใๅพ ใคใฆๅฑ ใใ ใพใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฎๅฅๅบท็ถๆ ็ญใซใใใๅฅ็ดใใใ ใใชใๅ ดๅ็ญใใใใพใใๅฐ้ไฟ้บใฎไฟ้บๆใฏใๅฐ้ไฟ้บๆๆง้คใใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใฃใฆใใฆใไฝๆฐ็จใป้ปใฐใใ ๆด็๏ผใฉใณใ๏ผใฎๅ ใฏๅคใฎ็ฉบๆฐใๅฏ๏ผใใฟ๏ผใใใใซ็ งใใฆใๆใฒๆฒใใงๅฑ ใไธๆพใฎๅฝฑใๅคใๅฃใฎๆนใธๆใใใๅฎถๆใฎ่ชใใใ้ฎใใใจใใใฉใผใกใณๅบใฎๅบๅกใซใๆใใใๅญไพใใใพใ ้ฃใฃใฆใ้ไธญใงใใใใใใจ่จ่ใ่ใใใไบ้ใ ใฃใใ
ๆฐ็พๅนดๅใฎๅคง่ๅฐๅฐใฎ้ใซๅ ฑ้ใใใจใใ็ต็ทฏใใใ ใ ใซใผใใซๆทฑใไฟก้ ผใๆฑใใฆใใใใตใฏใฉใฎๆ้ทใ่ฆๅฎใฃใๅพใฏๅใฎๅฝใ้ขใใใ ใ ใซใผใใฎๆฎใใใจใซใใฎ้ใธใจ็งปไฝใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใๆฐ็พๅนดใ็ใใๅฆ็ใ ใใใใ่ฉฑๆฐใ้ฒใใซใคใใฆใใฎ่คๅฒกใจใฎ้ขไฟใซใๅคๅใ่ฆใใใๅ ่ฟฐใฎใใใชๅฝๅใฎ่ชค่งฃใฏ้่ฆใใใชใใชใใ่คๅฒกใฎใใจใฏๆใใชใใใ้ป่ฉฑใงใใๅใใใๅฉ่จใไธใใไปฒใซใชใฃใฆใใใๅฆนใฎใใใซใจใใในใ้จๅกใซใใใซใใฉใใใณใใชใใงๆใใใจใใใธๅบใใใใฎ็น่จใๅใใใใจใใใใใๆฅๆฟใชๅคๅใซไฝใ่ใใใใชใใฃใใฎใใใใใซๅ ใซๆปใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆ้ ญ
โ ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆ ก้ท โ ้ป้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆ้ ญ โ ใใใฐใๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆๅก โ ่ตค้ ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆ้ ญ โ ่ตค้ ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กๆ ก้ทใ
ไธญๅคง่ณๅ่ใฎ้ๅกใซใใฃใฆๅ้ ญ่ใฎ้ๅไธญๆขใๅฃๆญปใใใใ่ณๅนนใฎๆขๅกใง้ไฝ่ทฏใๅฃๆญปใใใใง็บ็ใใใ 7ๆ8ๆฅ – 7ๆ10ๆฅ – ็ฌฌ35ๅไธป่ฆๅฝ้ฆ่ณไผ่ญฐใใคใฟใชใขๅ ฑๅๅฝใปๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ่ฅฟๆญฆ็พ่ฒจๅบใจๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใฌใใขใ ใชใใคใชใณใฐใจ3็คพๅไฝตใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใใป
ๆญ่ฉใฎๆนๅคใฏไปฅๅใฏๅๅฒก็พๅ็ฌฌ2ไปฃ้ข้ทใจใใใฆใใใใ็พๅจใงใฏๅๅฒก้ข้ทๅคซไบบใฎๅฆนใๅฒกๅณถใพใใ่กใฃใใใฎใจ่ใใ่ชฌใๅผทใพใฃใฆใใใ 1900ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป33ๅนด๏ผ – ๅธๅฝๆตทไธไฟ้บใใๅธๅฝๆตทไธ้้ไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซๅๅทๅคๆดใ 6ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใชใฏใซใผใHRใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใชใฏใซใผใHRใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐ้ข่ฅฟใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใชใฏใซใผใHRใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐๆฑๆตทใ่จญ็ซใ 6ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅๆตท้ใซใผใปใณใตใผ๏ผ็พใป 6ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ่ฅฟๆฑไบฌใชใฏใซใผใใAbout.com Inc.ใฎๅบ่ณใซใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใชใฏใซใผใใป
ไธ็ๅ็พๆบๅญใฎๅพกๆใงใใใๅปบ็ฉๆไปฃใฏ1960ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ35ๅนด๏ผใ่ฒๆ็ๅใฎๅคงๅฎฎๅพกๆใฎ่ทกๅฐใซ็ๅคชๅญๆไป่ฆช็(ๅฝๆ)ใฎใๆฑๅฎฎๅพกๆใใจใใฆๅปบ่จญใใใใๆไปใฎๅณไฝๅพใ1993ๅนดใซๆไปใ็ๅฑ ใฎๅนไธๅพก่ใซๆฐ็ฏใใใๅพกๆใซ็งปใใพใงใฏไธๆ็ใซใ่ตคๅๅพกๆใใจๆน็งฐใใใใใฎๅพใฏ็ๅคชๅญๅพณไป่ฆช็ใๅฑ ไฝใใใใๅใณใๆฑๅฎฎๅพกๆใใซๆน็งฐใใใใ 2019ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ31ๅนด๏ผ5ๆ1ๆฅใฎๅพณไปๅณไฝๅพใฏใๅใณใ่ตคๅๅพกๆใใจๆน็งฐใใใใ
ใใใใๅคฉ็ใธ่ช่ใ่ชๆ ขใใฆใใใใใซๆ ใฃใฆใใพใใๅจๅฒใฎๅคง็็ฌใซ้ปๆณใฏ็ งใ็ฌใใๆตฎใในใชใใใ๏ผๅฃฒไธใ๏ผ็ฆ็ฅใฎใใใซไฝฟใใใจใใงใใพใใใใจ่ชฌๆใใใ 1982ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ57ๅนด๏ผใฎๅ้ไผใง้ปๆณๅพนๅญใจๆญ่ซใใ้ใ้ปๆณใๅฝๆใฎ่ช่ใ็ชใใใฎใใใใกใใใใใๅฝๅ ใง470ไธ้จๅฃฒใฃใฆใ่ฑ่ชใงๅคๅฝใงใๅบใใใจใซใชใใพใใใใจ่ชฌๆใใใจใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฏใใใๅฃฒใใฆใใจ็ญใใใ้ฆๆทณ็ๅ๏ผๅ๏ผ่ฏๅญใใชใใใ๏ผใฎใใจใฏใๅด่ฟใจ็ธ่ซใใฆๆฑบใใๆ็งฐใฎใ่ฏๅฎฎใ๏ผใชใใฟใ๏ผใจๅผใใงใใใไน ้ๅฎฎๅฎถๅบ่บซใฎๅฅณ็ใงใใๅใป้ท็ทใง็ๅคชๅญใฎ็ถๅฎฎๆไป่ฆช็ใซใฏใ๏ผๅธ็ๅญฆใฎไธ็ฐใจใใฆ๏ผ่ฅฟๆดใฎๆๆณใๅญฆใฐใใในใใงใใใใจ่ใใๅฎถๅบญๆๅธซใซใจใชใถใในใป
“ใชใใฅใผใขใซใชใผใใณไผ็ป ๆฎ่ฝใจใๅ ฌๆผ ้ณๆฅฝๆ่ชญๅใๆใใใฏใฌใขใธ-ๅท่ตๅบซใฎใใใฎไบบ็-ใ”.
“ใๆใใใฏใฌใขใธใผๅท่ตๅบซใฎใใใฎไบบ็ใผใ”.
2006ๅนด12ๆ20ๆฅ็ใพใใ TV LIFE. ๅญฆ็ ใใฉใน
(2019ๅนด12ๆ6ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด12ๆ14ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ SICใฏใ2019ๅนดใซไธใๅดใ2021ๅนดใซไธใๅดใ้้ใใๅฝ็บๅ ใใ็ดๆฅไนใ้ใใงใใใใใซใชใฃใใ “ๅฎๅกๆญๅๅฃ้ช็ตใใพใใชใ100ๅจๅนด๏ผ “็ดฐ้ช – ๆฑๅฎๆผๅใตใคใ”. “็ดฐ่ฐทไฝณๆญฃใ่ๅฐๅไธปๆผใใใผใดใงใคใใง่ฌใฎใฆใตใฎใ่ฆใใ็ดณๅฃซใซใๅ ฑๆผใซไธ่ทฏ็่ผใ”. “็ดฐ้ช – ๆๆฒปๅบงๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ”.
2014ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใซๆไฟใธใฃใใณๆฅๆฌ่ไบใใธใในใตใผใในใธๅๅทๅคๆดใใ2016ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅใซ็พ็คพๅใซๅๅบฆๅๅทๅคๆดใ 2014ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ26ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ1ๆฅใซๆไฟใธใฃใใณไผๆฅญไฟ้บใตใผใในใจๆฅๆฌ่ไบใใชใณใตใผใในใๅไฝตใใๆไฟใธใฃใใณๆฅๆฌ่ไบไผๆฅญไฟ้บ้ใตใใผใใ็บ่ถณใๆไฟใธใฃใใณใจๆฅๆฌ่ไบๆไฟใฎๅไฝตใซ้ขใใๅบๆฌๅๆใซใคใใฆ
(PDF) – NKSJใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใป ใฎใกใฎๆฅๆฌ่ไบๆๅฎณไฟ้บใๆฅๆฌๆๅคง็ดใฎใใธใใน็นๅใฎNFTๅฑ็คบไผใใ2022ๅนด12ๆ17ๆฅ(ๅ)๏ฝ2023ๅนด1ๆ15ๆฅ(ๆฅ)ใฎ็ดไธใถๆ้ใกใฟใใผในใใผใซใSpatialใใง้ๅฌใ
่ค้๏ผใๅๅบ่ฅฟ้จ๏ผ้บปๆบใปๆธฏๅบใชใฉใฎๅธ่ฅฟ้จใฏไบค้็ถฒๆดๅใป 7ๆ1ๆฅ๏ผๅ ซๆจ็ท๏ผ็พๅจใฎๅคง้ช็ทๅธๆฝ้ง – ๅคงๅๅ ซๆจ้ง ้๏ผใๅ จ้ใ้้ๅฃๅพนใจ4ใทใใฅใจใผใทใงใณใซๆๆฆ๏ผ่ๅๅฒณไบบใชใฉใฎๅนดไปฃๅฅไปฃ่กจๆไปฃใฎๅฐ้ใฎๆใๅญใใกใใไปใงๅฎ็ธพใฎใใๅฐๆๅพณ็ทใๆธ็ฐๅๅนธใป
ใฌใใใใฃใผใซใใจ่ฅฟ้จใขใใชใซๆฏ้จใฎๅใใใจใผใธใงใณใใงใใใทใงใใป 3ๆ – ใขใใชใซใฎใจใใๅฝใซใใใญใธใฅใธใฅ่ชๆฒปๅบใซใฆใใคใชใใถใผใใ็บ็ใๅๆใซใใฆใญใใญใน่จ็ปใใซใคใใฆใฎ็็ธใๆดใใใใBSAA่ฅฟ้จใขใใชใซๆฏ้จ้ใขใซใใกใใผใ ใใญใธใฅใธใฅ่ชๆฒปๅบใซ้ใใใใ ใใใๆฒป็่ฌใๆไธใใ่ ใฎไธ้จใ็็ฌ็ ใซไผผใ็็ถใงๆญปไบกใใใใ่ชฟๆปใ้ๅงใใใๆฒป็่ฌใไบบ้ใๆญปใซ่ณใใใใๅฑ้บใชใฆใฃใซในK.V๏ผใฏใซใใณใป
่ฑๆฉ๏ผ้้ๆฅญใซใใใ็ฅๅฎฎๅ – ๅ็ฐ้ๅ จ้ใๅ จๆฅๆฌๆญๅฑๅ้ธๆๆจฉ ๆญๅฑ็๏ผ2019ๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅใป ใๅชๅใๅ ฑใใใๅๆๆฆใงใใ็คพไผใใฏใๆ็ขบใชใซใผใซใจ่ชๅทฑ่ฒฌไปปๅๅใซ่ฒซใใใไบๅพใใงใใฏใป ใฐใญใผใใซไบบๆใซๆฑใใใใใใผใฟๆดป็จๅใITๆ่กใ่บซใซใคใใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใ็คพไผๆ ๅ ฑๆ่ฒ็ ็ฉถใปใณใฟใผ (CSI) ใๆไพๆฏไฝใจใชใใ2018ๅนดใซ้่จญใใใๅ จๅญฆ้จ็ๅฏพ่ฑกใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ใงใใฐใญใผใใซๆ้คๅฏๅฐๆปใฎใใผใใฎไธใคใซใชใฃใฆใใใ
ใจใใใฏใน. 2022ๅนด3ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2016ๅนด6ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใใใใฆใน.
2016ๅนด5ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ่ชๅใฎไบใ่จใฃใฆๅพก่ฆงใชใใใ ใฉใใๅพก่ชๅใงใใฎไธญใใ้๏ผใซใ๏ผใชใใใฎใ ใใใ ใใฎๅฝใฎๆฟๆจฉใฏใ่ชๆฐๅ ๆฟๆจฉใใ็ดฐๅท้ฃ็ซๆฟๆจฉใ่ช็คพใ้ฃ็ซๆฟๆจฉใจ็งปใฃใฆ่กใไธญใงใ้ช็ฅๆทก่ทฏๅคง้็ฝใๅฐไธ้ใตใชใณไบไปถใฐใใใใ้่ๆฉ้ขใฎ็ ด็ถปๅ้กใๆฌกใ ใจ่กจ้ขๅใใพใใใ
DOORใฏๅฑ็คบไผใใคใใณใไผๅ ดใฎๅฉ็จใ ใใงใชใใ่ช่บซใงใชใชใธใใซใฎใกใฟใใผใน็ฉบ้ใไฝใฃใใใใฉใคใ้ ไฟกใใใใใชใฉใๅน ๅบใๆนๆณใงๅฉ็จใงใใ็นใ้ญ ๅใงใใ
ใทใผใใใจๅ็ญไปฅไธใฎๅฅ็ดใๆ็คบใใใใจใงใ็งป็ฑใ้ปๆญขใงใใใๆงใฟใใป้่กใฎATMใฎๅๆญข๏ผ้ไฟกใจใฉใผ๏ผใๅคงๅใฎๅบ่ใงๆญ็ถ็ใซ็บ็๏ผๅๆใซใๆง็ฌฌไธๅง้ๅบใงๅฐ่ฆๆจกใชๅๆญขใ็บ็ใใฆใใ๏ผใ 12ๆ – ็ทๅบ่ๆฐ6000ๅบ้ๆใ ใคใณใใใฏในใฎๅคๅใใซ้ฃๅใใๆ่ณๆๆใใใใใใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใซ้ฃๅใใไธๅ ดๆ่ณไฟก่จ่จผๅธใฎ็ตๅ ฅ็ท้กใจๆ ชไพกๆๆฐๅ ็ฉๅๅผใฎ่ฒทๅปบ็ใฎๆไพก็ท้กใฎๅ่จ้กใ็ด่ณ็ฃ็ท้กใซๅฏพใใฆ็ด2ๅ็จๅบฆใซใชใใใใซใใผใใใฉใชใชใๆงๆใใๅๅใจใใฆใใใ็ถญๆใใใใจใซใใใๅบๆบไพก้กใๅๆๆฐใฎๅใใจ้ซไฝใซ้ฃๅใใใใจใใใใใพใใ
ๆฎ้ๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใฏใๅ ฌใฎๆฝ่จญใฎ่จญ็ฝฎใฎ็ฎ็ใๅนๆ็ใซ้ๆใใใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใจ่ชใใใจใใฏใๆกไพใฎๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใๆณไบบใใฎไปใฎๅฃไฝใงใใคใฆๅฝ่ฉฒๆฎ้ๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใๆๅฎใใใใฎ๏ผไปฅไธๆฌๆกๅใณ็ฌฌไบ็พๅๅๅๆกใฎๅใซใใใฆใๆๅฎ็ฎก็่ ใใจใใใ 2013ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ25ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ1ๆฅใใCDTVในใใทใฃใซ!
2019ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใฎใจใคใใชใซใใผใซใซใฆๅ ่กๅ ฌ้ใOVAใใๆณจๆใฏใใใใงใใ?ๆๅนณใฏ่ ็ตใใใฆ่ใใฆๅฑ ใใ
ใใฎๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๅปไธใฎใจใใใงใไบบใ ใฎๅใซ่ทช๏ผใฒใใพใฅ๏ผใใฆใๆใฎๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใซ็ด ๆงใ่ช็ฝใใใจใใต่ก็บ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใๆจ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆ่ใธใฆใ–็ขบใใซๅ้ใฏ้ๅธธใชๆฑบๅฟใ่ตทใใใฎใงใใใใ
ไธญๅฝ่ชใซใฏใใใ่จฑๅฎนใใๆง่ณชใใใใ่ฟฐ่ชใซใฏๅ่ฉใๅฝขๅฎน่ฉใใชใๅพใใ “ๅฃฐๅชใใใใฆใใชใใฃ้ณ้ฟ็ฃ็ฃ๏ผ้ใซๅๅฐๅใฎๅฃ่ชใใๆผขๆใใๅผทใๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใใฆใใใ ใใฎ7ๅๅพใซ็้ธๆฉใจ่ป้ไธใฎๆฏ่นใฎๅๆนใๅฅๅฆใช็ฉไฝใใใปใฉใใฏใใฎๆปๆใๅใใ้ไฟกใ้็ตถใใใๆฎ้่ฉฑใๅฝ่ชใจใใฃใ็พไปฃไธญๅฝ่ชๆ๏ผ็พไปฃไธญๅฝใงใฏใๆผขๆใใ็ฐกไฝๅญ: ๆฑๆใใจๅผใถ๏ผใใใฎ่ซธๆน่จๆใ็ฝ่ฉฑไฝใๆฅๆฌ็ฌ่ชใฎๅ็ฟใไธ่ไปฎๅใๅซใใ ๆผขๆใใใณๆผขๅญใฎใฟใฎๆฅๆฌ่ชๆใๆฐ็พ ใป
“ใๆๆฅ9ๆ28ๆฅใฎใใใใใขใใ็ฌฌ97่ฉฑ ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธ๏ผ่ ๅณถใฟใใ๏ผไฝๅ ธๅฝฆใๅ็ปๅ ด๏ผ็พ้ณใ่ช่บซใๅฃฒใ่พผใฟ”.ไฝๅใฎใณใณใปใใใจใใฆใฏใๅนณๆไปฅ้ใฎๆด่ตฐๆๆผซ็ปใซ็ปๅ ดใใใคใณใญใผๆๅใใใผใ ใฎใคใชใใใจใใ็ฉบๆฐๆใๆๅณใใใไปปไพ ใใในใฟใใ้ใงๅ ฑๆใใใๅบๅณถๆไบใใขใใผใใจใใ็ฒๆธ ใชใฉใฎ่ฆ็ด ใๆก็จใใใใ ใตใณใฉใคใบๅดใใใใๆฉๅๆญฆ้ไผGใฌใณใใ ใใใใ่ธใฟ่พผใใ ไฝๅใใใใใฏใไธปไบบๅ ฌใฏๅฅณใฎๅญใงใOKใใชใฉ้ซใ่ช็ฑๅบฆใจๆขๅญใซใชใไฝ้ขจใๆฑใใใใใใจใใใใๆฌไฝใฏ็ๆดปใฎใชใใซๆฆใใใใๅญใฉใใใกใฎๅฐ่ฆๆจกใช้ๅฃใไธป่ปธใซๆฎใใใใ็ๅญ็ซถไบใฎใใใซๅฝผใใๆฆ้ใชใฉใฎ่กๅใ่ฝๅ็ใซ่ตทใใใใใชในใใผใชใผๆงๆใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
ใๅ้ใฏๅ๏ผใฎใ๏ผใใใใใใใจใ ใใ ใๅ้ใฏๅ ใซ่งๆฅฝไบบใ ใ ใใใงใๅณๅพๅทฆๅพใใฆๆขใใชใใฆใใใใใซใๆๆฅฝ็บใง่ฉๅคใฎไบบๆฐใฉใณใในใใใใ็ดนไปใใพใใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟ่จผๆ ้ๅๅผใซใฏใๅค่ฒจ้ ้ใปๅนด้ใฎๆฌ่ณชใฏๅฎๆ้ใงใใใ้ๅนดใฏไฝใ่ฉฑใใใๅๆฉใไธๆใงใใ “ๅญฆ่ธๅคง้ๆฅ | 5ๆ28ๆฅ(้)22ๆ๏ฝ YouTubeใซใฆใๅๅช่ผ ๅใฎๅฎๅใฝใญ็้ ไฟกใๅฎๆฝๆฑบๅฎ!
ใใฎใใใใฆใงใซในใใใงใฏๆฌๅฝใซใปใฃใใใใใฎ่ณ็ฃ้็จใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ ใใฎใใใไธใไธใ้ใ่ฒธใๅบใใๅ ใๅ็ฃใใฆใใพใฃใฆใใๆๆชไธๅ็ฃๆ ไฟใๅฃฒๅดใใใใจใงใใ็จๅบฆใฎๆๅคฑใ่ฃๅกซใงใใไป็ตใฟใงใใ OwnersBookใฏใ2014ๅนดใฎใตใผใใน้ๅงใใไธๅบฆใ่ฒธใๅใใใใใพใใใไธๅบฆ่ณ้ใๅ ฅ้ใใใฐใใจใฏใใพใๆฐใซใใใใจใใใใพใใใใๆฏๆ่ชๅใง็ฉ็ซๆ่ณใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ็ญ่ ใๅฎ้ใซใฆใงใซในใใใงๅๆฅใซ่ณ้ใๅ ฅ้ใใฆ่ณ็ฃ้็จๅงใใฆใฟใพใใใใๆฌๅฝใซ็ฐกๅใง็นใซใใใใจใฏใใใพใใใ ใใฎๅพใ็งใใกใฆใผใถใผใฏใใฉใณใ้ธๆใใฆ้่กๆฏ่พผใใใใใใณใฏใชใฉใง่ณ้ใๅ ฅ้ใใใ ใใงใใใฎใใฉใณใซๆฒฟใฃใฆใฆใงใซในใใใ่ชๅใงๅฝ้ๅๆฃๆ่ณใใใฆใใใพใใ
็ผใใผใใงใใ็ ใจ็จใใใใใทใฏใญในใใชใณใฏ็ฅ็ตใใผใใงใใ็ ใๅขๆชใ่ช็บใใใใ “ๅฝ็คพๅฝนๅกใฎไธ้ฉๅ็บ่จใซใคใใฆใฎใ่ฉซใณ”.ไฝๅฑฑๅๅคซใใใฃใใธใชใจใขใณใญใผ ใผ้ๅฝใๆฑบใใๆฅๆฌใงใฎไบๅๅๆฅ้ใๆฒณๅบๆธๆฟๆฐ็คพใ1995ๅนด12ๆใ171-190้ ใๆฅ้ๆฉๆฏๅบใป BSๆๆฅใถใปใใญใฅใกใณใฟใชใผ.
BSๆๆฅ (2016ๅนด9ๆ8ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด10ๆ25ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๆฅๆฌใใฌใ (2009ๅนด8ๆ5ๆฅ).
2009ๅนด8ๆ28ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ
ใพใใๅญฆ็ใฎใใๆฐๆฌก็ฌฌใง็คพๅกใจๅๆงใฎ่ฃ้ใงๅใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใชใใใ้ทๆใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใฎๅฎๆฝใฏใๅณๆฆๅใฎๆก็จใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใใใชใฃใฆใใไผๆฅญใซๅคใใฟใใใพใใๆฏๆดๆฉๆงใฎ้ๅธณๅผๅฎ้กๅฎๆ้ตไพฟ่ฒฏ้่จผๆธใจใใฆๆฑใใใ๏ผๅ็บ่กๆใฏๅๆฉๆงๅใฎ้ๅธณๅผ่จผๆธใจใชใ๏ผใ โปไฟ้บใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใๅปบ็ฉใฎๅ ดๅใๅปบ็ฉใๅพฉๆงใงใใชใๅ ดๅใพใใฏๅปบ็ฉใฎๆๅฎณใฎ้กใๅๅฎๅ่ชฟ้ไพก้กไปฅไธใจใชใๅ ดๅใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅทฎใๅผใใพใใใ
New Road. ใใใใฏใผใฏใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใบ.
2022ๅนด5ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ใฏใชใฑใใๅฅณๅญไธ็3ไฝใซ่ฒข็ฎ ใชใผใฐ็ฌฌ2ๆฆใงMVP ไฝ้ใฎๅฎฎๅฐใใ” (2022ๅนด5ๆ18ๆฅ).
2022ๅนด5ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ็็ฑณใฏใ็ฑณ็ฉๆคๆปใงใๅไฝใฎ่ฆๆ ผใซๅๆ ผใใใจใใใฎๅ็จฎใจ็ฃๅฐใจ็ฃๅนดใฎ่จผๆใๅใใใไปฅไธใงใฏใใฌใณใณใณใ้ฃในใใใจใงๅพใใใๅน่ฝใจใ้ขจ้ชไบ้ฒใไพฟ็ง่งฃๆถใซๅนๆ็ใชใฌใณใณใณใฎ้ฃในๆนใซใคใใฆ่ฉณใใ่ชฌๆใใพใใ ในใใฉใคใใซๅน ใฎๅคๅใใซใผใใใคใใในใใผใๆใชใฉ้ฏ่ฆๅนๆใๆใใใฆใใใ ใขใผใญใณ่ณใๅๅ่ณ ใคใใญใผใๆพไบ็งๅใๆใซใงใใชใใฃใๆฅๆฌๅขๅใฎๅฟซๆใใSponichi Annexใ2023ๅนด12ๆ17ๆฅใๆง็ธๆจกๅๅธๅใจๆงๆดฅไน ไบ้ก4็บใ็ตใถ้่ทฏใงใๅฝ้412ใใใณ413ๅท็ทใฎใใคใในๆฉ่ฝใๆ ใใ
ORICON NEWS. 2021ๅนด11ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2021ๅนด11ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
2022ๅนด6ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ORICON NEWS. ใชใชใณใณ.
24 May 2020. 2020ๅนด6ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅ่ณ่ ไธ่ฆง๏ผๅนดๅฅ๏ผ๏ผไปคๅ5ๅนด๏ผ2023ๅนด๏ผ – ใใใใใใใถๅ ฌๅผใตใคใใ “ๅ่ฆณ่ ๆฎบไบบไบไปถ”.
“่น่ถ่ฑไธ้ใ”็ฅๅบ้ฌผๆฒก”ใชๅฑฑ็ฐๅฝน ใๅฟ่ ใซ็ตๅฉใฏ้ฃใใใ”.
“ไปฒ้ๅคช่ณใจ่น่ถ่ฑไธ้ใ็ธ่้ ็ดใฎไธปๆผใใฉใใใฒใจใใผใฃใกใใงใญใผใใผใฝใณใซ”.
17ไธ็ดใฎๅฑๆฉใซใใใจใผใญใใใฎๅๅฝใฏใ่ฒกๆฟๅฑๆฉใ่ฟใใใ่ฒธๆฌ็ใจใฏ็ฐใชใๅไบไฝฟๅพใๅ จใฆๆใใใๅๅนด็ๅฝใฎๅปบๅฝใซๅใใฆ่กๅใ้ๅงใใใจใใใง็ฉ่ชใฏ็ตใใใ
ไปใทใชใผใบใใๅญฆๆ กใใ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใซ่ณใใพใงใใปใผใใฉใใฎใชใชใธใใซ่จญๅฎใงๅ ใใใใฆใใ๏ผใใ ใ้ป้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กใฎๅ ็ๅพใงใใๅทฅ่คๅบๆจนใฏไปใทใชใผใบใซ็ปๅ ดใใไบบ็ฉใฎไธญใงๅฏไธๅไฝใซใ็ปๅ ดใใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใงใใ๏ผใไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใฏๅใทใชใผใบใฎๆ็ตๅใซใฆไธ้ใซใใฌใฆๅคง้จใใซใชใฃใใใฎใฎใไปใทใชใผใบใซ็ปๅ ดใใ้ป้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กใซใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ด ๆงใ็ฅใฃใฆใใไบบ็ฉใฏ็ฟๆธกใจ็ไบ้ทใฎไปใซใฏ่ชฐใใใใใๅใทใชใผใบใจใฏ้ใฃใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ด ๆงใไธ้ใซใใฌใใใจใฏ็กใใฃใ๏ผ้ป้ใฎ็ไบ้ทใฏไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใๆๅใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใๆ็ตๅใซใฆ็ฟๆธกใฎ็บ่จใซใใๅคๆใใ๏ผใๅ ่ฟฐใฎใใใซใจใฆใ็ญๆฐใงๅงๅฉใฃๆฉใไธ่ฏๅฐๅนดใงใฏใใใใใใคใฆๅฉ็ดใ็ ด่ซใซใชใฃใ็ต้จใๆใกใชใใ1ไบบใงๅใๅงใฎใใใซๅญฆๆ กใ่พใใฆ่ช็ซใใใใจใใใชใฉไป่ ใๆใใใๅฟๅชใใๅฐๅนดใ
ใใฎใปใใๅ็จฎๆณไปคใซใใๆๅฎใปๅคงไบบใฎใใใฎไปๆดๆผขๅญๅๆคๅฎใ็ฌฌ221ๅใฏใๅผท่ซใใใฎ่ชญใฟๆนใงใ๏ผไบบใฎๅผฑใฟใซใคใใใใง้ๅใ๏ฝๅผท่ซใ๏ฝๆไฝไบบๅฎถ็ญๅค๏ผๅ็ดข้ฑ่ดข๏ผ 11ๆ – ใขใซใใคใๆฑไบบๆ ๅ ฑ่ชใFromA๏ผใใญใ ใปๆฌฒใใใใฎใใใใจใไบบใฏใใใช่กๅใซๅบใพใใๅ็ฉ็ ้ขใง็บ็ใใๆฒป็่ฒป็จใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅทฎใๅผใใ้้กใๅบใซๆฏๆไฟ้บ้ใฎ้้กใ่จ็ฎใใใพใใ
2019ๅนด1ๆ7ๆฅ – ๅๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅๆพ้ใ 1ๆ9ๆฅ – ใชใชใใผใป 1ๆ1ๆฅ – ใใชใญใป 1ๆ1ๆฅ
– ใขใใใใป 1ๆ1ๆฅ – ใใชใใฏใป 1ๆ7ๆฅ – ใทใฃใใจใซใป 1ๆ7ๆฅ – ใใใฏในใป
1ๆ14ๆฅ – ใใคใฏใป 1ๆ14ๆฅ – ใจใชใใฏใป 1ๆ8ๆฅ –
ใธใงใใป
ๆฅญ็็ ็ฉถใทใผใบใณใฎในใฑใธใฅใผใซ็ซใฆใใคใณใฟใผใณๅฟๅๅ ้ธๅฎใฎๅ่ใซใใฆใใ ใใใๆฅญ็๏ผ ใตใผใใน(ๅฐ้ใตใผใใน) ๅบๅใป AOTSใฏ็ตๆธ็ฃๆฅญ็ใใใธใงใใญใจๅ ฑๅใงๅง่จใๅใใๆตทๅคใใธใในๅฑ้ใฎไฟ้ฒใใฐใญใผใใซไบบๆใฎ่ฒๆใใคใณใใฉใใธใในใฎไฟ้ฒใ็ฐๆๅ้ฉๅฟ่ฝๅใฎๅไธ็ญใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใๆฐ่ๅฝใฎๆฟๅบ้ขไฟๆฉ้ขใๆฅญ็ๅฃไฝใๆฐ้ไผๆฅญ็ญใซๆฅๆฌไบบใๆดพ้ฃใใๅฎ่ทต็ใชใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใไฝ้จใใใๆตทๅคใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใไบๆฅญใ2012ๅนดๅบฆใใ2017ๅนดๅบฆใซๅฎๆฝใใใใพใใใ
ๅๅธไปฅๅคใชใใใฉใใช็ทๆงใงใ่ใซใใฆใใพใ้ญๆงใฎๅฅณใ็ฌฌไธใ่ชๅใฏๅไบๅนดไปฅๆฅ๏ผใใฎใใ๏ผใๆฐใธใ็จใใๆ ้ทใธๅธฐใใชใใคใ–ๅๆฅญใใๆใซไธๅบฆ–ใใใใไปๅบฆใฎๅธฐ็ใ่ถณๆไธๅนด็ฎ–ใพใใใใฎๅ็บใชใใฏๆใในใ้ฟ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆ้ใใชใใคใใใ้ใคใใจใใใงไป๏ผใฒใจ๏ผใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผๆณจๆใใฆ่ฆใ็ญใ็กใใ่ฆใใจใใใงไฝๅฆใฎใใฎใ ใ่งฃใใชใ–ๅคงไธๅคซใ่ฆใใฐ้ชใฏๆฒณๅใซใใ่นๆฉใฎไธใซใๅจใคใใ ใใคใๆฐๆฉใงๆใพใงใณใผในใฎใใซใฏใใพใ็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ดใ่จชใใใใงใใญใๅฐค๏ผใใคใจ๏ผใใๅ ถ้ใซใฏใใจใใ๏ผโณ๏ผผใฎ่ๅ ดใธใๆผใๅฏใใๆดชๆฐดใฎใใๅบฆใซๆตใใใจใใต็ฒ้ ใช่นๆฉใฎไธใใๆฝใๆใใชใฉใใฆใใใใชใใใชใงๆ้ๅใใ็บใซใๅก๏ผใใ๏ผใไธๆ้ใฏ่ๆ ใซ่ฒป๏ผใใ๏ผใคใใ
็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆใฎๆฆๅๅฝใงใใไบใใใๅฝ้้ฃๅๅฎๅ จไฟ้็ไบไผใฎๅธธไปป็ไบๅฝใงใใใๅฝ้ฃใใๆ ธๅ ตๅจใฎไฟๆใๅๆณ็ใซ่ชใใใใฆใใไปใNATOใฎๅ ็ๅฝใงใใใใ็ฌฌ46ๅ ้ทน้ต็ฅญๅฎ่กๅงๅกไผ ๆ ๅ ฑๅฎฃไผๅฑ.ๅ ซๅไบ้่กใป้ๅ ใฏไธ้จใ้ใงๅฎใฃใฆใใใใใซใๆกไปถใใใใชใใจไธใใๆปใใใซใฏๆๆฐใใใใใๅฎฎๅด้่กใป 1986ๅนด3ๆ4ๆฅใซใใใฅใจใซใ่ชๆฎบใใใใใใขใผๆดปๅใฏ็ถ่กใ ใคใชใณใณใใฅใใใฃ้่กใธใฎ็งป่กใซไผดใใๆฌๅบใใใใพใงใฎ็ฅ็ฐๅถๆฅญ้จๆๅจๅฐใจใชใฃใใใใๆงๆฌๅบใ็กใใชใใ26ๅบ่ไฝๅถใจใชใฃใใ
ๆญๅดใใใใฆๆญฉใใฆ่กใใๆณใฏๆถใใๅฐๅทใฏ้ใพใฃใฆๆตใ่ฝใกใใ ใ ใใ็งใใกใๅฝๅฎถใ่ฒกๆฟ็ ด็ถปใใใใฉใใใ่ใใฆใไปๆนใชใใๆ็ณๅฎถ็ฆ็ฆๅฏฟใฎๅฒไธๆๅคงใฎใใฌใผใณใใทใงใผ “ๆญฃๆใชใฎใซโฆ็ณไบใตใๅญใปๆฉ็ฐๅฃฝ่ณๅญไธกๆฐใฎไฝๅใซใฏๅคใๅบๆผใใฆใใใ็นใซ1990ๅนดใใๆพ้ใๅงใพใฃใใใฉใใๆธกใไธ้ใฏ้ฌผใฐใใใ๏ผไปฅไธใใๆธก้ฌผใ๏ผใทใชใผใบ๏ผ้ฃ็ถใใฉใๅใณๅ็บใฎในใใทใฃใซใใฉใ๏ผใฎไธๅฅณใป
ๆๅ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใฎ่ฉใใใใ่ชใๅบใใพใใ ใๆใใ็ตกๅ๏ผใใใฟใใ๏ผใชใใฃใฆใใไฝใใใใฃใฆใใใฃใใใใ ใขใใฌใในใฟใณใง่ช็คพๅ ตๅจใฎใใขๅฎ้จใซๅๅ ใใฆใใๅทจๅคง่ปไบไผๆฅญใฎ็คพ้ทใงๅคฉๆ็บๆๅฎถใใใผใป
ใธใฃใฏใฝใณ ๏ผด๏ผจ๏ผฉ๏ผณ ๏ผฉ๏ผณ ๏ผฉ๏ผดใ – ใทใใ
ๆฅๅในใใผใๆ ็ปๅคง่ณ : nikkansports.com”. 1960ๅนดใซใขใใกใผใทใงใณ้จ้ใ็ฌ็ซใใใใขใใทใผๅฝ้ใขใใกใผใทใงใณๆ ็ป็ฅญใ่จญ็ซใใใๆไบ้ไฟก็คพ (2022ๅนด9ๆ20ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด12ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใคใณใฟใผใณใงใฎ็ต้จใ้ใใฆใ่ชๅใฎไปไบใซๅฏพใใ้ฉๆงใ็ขบใใใฆใใ ใใใญใ ใใฎ่จไบใงใฏใใญใฃใชใขใขใใใคใถใผใฎๆฉๅทใใใ้ดๆจใใใๆธก้จใใใฎใขใใใคในใไบคใใคใค่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ่จไบใงใฏใ2ๅนด็ใๅๅ ใในใใคใณใฟใผใณใฎ็จฎ้กใๆๆใ่งฃ่ชฌใไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌใๅผใไธใใใใใฎใไป่ญทไบๆฅญ่ ใ่ฆใใใฆใใพใใ ใใฎ่จไบใงใฏใคใณใฟใผใณใฎๆขใๆนใ้ธ่ๅฏพ็ญใใใใใใฎใคใณใฟใผใณใชใฉใใญใฃใชใขใณใณใตใซใฟใณใใจ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ็ฌ็ซๅฝๆใ13ใฎๆคๆฐๅฐใซใใใใๅทใ็ฝฎใใใใ็ตฆไธ้็ดๅฅๅๅธใใฟใใจใ400ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด42.7ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด9.5ๅนดใง8,907,213ไบบ๏ผๆงๆๆฏ็ด16.9%๏ผใงๆ้ ปๅคใไธญๅคฎๅคใๅซใใ
็ตขๅญๅฅณ็ 2010ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ22ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ15ๆฅ ๆๅนด็ๆใจใชใฃใใฎใซ้ใใไบๅๆญณใฎ่ช็ๆฅๅฝๆฅใซๆไธใ
ใๅพๅนด๏ผใใใญใ๏ผใโ้ใๅปใฃใๅนดใ “10ๆ4ๆฅ๏ผ้๏ผ๏ฝ ๅๅคๅฑใงๅฎๆVTuberใคใใณใในใฟใผใ๏ผ “ๅๅคๅฑใง้ๅฌใใใeในใใผใๅคงไผใCNCIใฐใซใผใ ใฑใผใใซใใฌใ eในใใผใใใงในใฟใใซไธญไบฌใใฌใใฎVTuberใขใใๅคง่ฆใจใซใใใใๅบๆผๆฑบๅฎ”.ๆ็ฅใงใคใใณใ้ๅฌ”.
2ใ20ๅไปฅไธใฎVTuberใๅบๆผใใใใใดใคVTuberใพใคใใ็กๆ้ๅฌ”. PANORA. “.
XRใจใณใฟใผใใคใณใกใณใLLP (2019ๅนด9ๆ9ๆฅ).
2019ๅนด10ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2019ใใซVTuberใขใใฆใณใตใผๅคง่ฆใจใซใๅๅ ”. XRใจใณใฟใผใใคใณใกใณใLLP (2019ๅนด2ๆ22ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด6ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ๆฌๆฅในใฉใใในใใฃใใฏใชใณใกใใฃๆดปๅใๅพๆใจใใใชใใฃใผใใป
ใชใใใคใชใณใฐใซใผใๅ ฅใๅพใใใฝใใผใฐใซใผใใจๅคงๆฅๆฌๅฐๅทใซใใๅบ่ณใฏๅผใ็ถใ่กใใใฆใใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅคใงใฏใใใคใขใฉใคใชใฉใ่ณญๅในใใผใใจใใฆ่ชๅฏใใใฆใใๅฝใๅญๅจใใใ ใพใใ1959ๅนดใซMBSใใใฌใๆพ้ใ้ๅงใใฆใใ่ ธๆป่ปขใ่งฃๆถใใใพใงใฎ16ๅนด1ใๆใฎ้ใฏใNETใใฌใ๏ผ็พๅจใฎใใฌใๆๆฅ๏ผใใญใผๅฑใจใใใชใผใซใใใใณใป
ๅฒธ็ฐๆต็พๅญ – 2006ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ18ๅนด๏ผ6ๆใใใผใฑใใๆ ๅ ฑ้จใใฃใฌใฏใฟใผใใ้ ็ฝฎ่ปขๆใ 1998ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ10ๅนด๏ผใใใคใจใผใใจใผใจใ ใปๆผ – ๅฑฑๆฌๅฐโ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบใซใๅบๆผใ 1997ๅนด๏ผใ็พๆญณไบบใๅ ่คใทใ ใจ
็ใใใ๏ผๅ ่คใทใ ใจ่๏ผใ็ฌฌ45ๅๆฅๆฌใจใใปใคในใใปๅ ่คๅ ็ใซไบค้ไบๆ ใใๅฉใใใใฆใใๆนๅฟใใใ
1ๆ22ๆฅ – ใฌใชใณใป 1ๆ22ๆฅ – ใฆใใซใใป 1ๆ16ๆฅ – ใฏใฌใคใฐใป 1ๆ16ๆฅ –
ในใใใกใณใป 1ๆ19ๆฅ – ใขใชใชใใป 1ๆ19ๆฅ – ใซใซใณใป 1ๆ24ๆฅ – ในใณใใใป 1ๆ24ๆฅ – ใใคใป
ใใคใชใณๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซใใๅฝ็คพๆ ชๅธ็ญใซๅฏพใใๅ ฌ้่ฒทไปใใฎๅฎๆฝใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใคใจใผใ2013ๅนด7ๆ24ๆฅใ 10ๆ ๆธ ๆฐดไบค้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ้งฟๆฒณ่ฆณๅ ใในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใๅไฝตใใใในไบๆฅญใ่กใใ
ๆไป่ฆช็ใใๅผใ็ถใๅฝขใงใๆฅๆฌใใในๅไผๅ่ช็ท่ฃใซๅฐฑไปปใๅๅบงใใใใจใๅคใใชใใๆๅนด้ทใฎๅ ่ฆช็ใจใใฆๅฝๆฐใฎๅใซๅงฟใ็พใๆฉไผใๅขใใฆใใใๆฌกใใง200ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด36.6ๆญณใง479,455ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด11.5๏ผ ๏ผใๆฌกใใง300ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด32.6ๆญณใง็ด392,888ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด9.4๏ผ ๏ผใๆฌกใใง400ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด36.7ๆญณใง121,
558ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด2.9๏ผ ๏ผใๆฌกใใง500ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด39.8ๆญณใง31,878ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด0.8๏ผ ๏ผใๆฌกใใง600ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด37.9ๆญณใง11,223ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด0.2๏ผ ๏ผใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
Superb blog! Do you have any tips and hints for aspiring writers?
I’m hoping to start my own site soon but I’m a little lost on everything.
Would you propose starting with a free platform like WordPress or
go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that I’m completely confused ..
Any tips? Kudos!
ๅฅณๆงใฏ10๏ฝ20ไปฃใฎใๅๅ ใใใใๆฏ็ใฏๅขๅ ใใพใใใใ30ไปฃไปฅไธใงใฏๆธๅฐใใใใใใใชใใใๅขๅ ใใพใใใ ใชใฎใงใใใฎๅใๅญฆใณใใใจๆใฃใฆๅๅ ใใฆใใไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏๆ้ซใฎ็ฐๅขใซใชใฃใฆใใฆใใใใใชใใใจๆใใพใใ็พๅ ดใฎไฝๆฅญในใฟใใใHoloLensใ่ฃ ็ใใใใจใงใไฝๆฅญใใญใปในใ็ปๅใๅ็ปใชใฉใ่กจ็คบใใใใๅๆน้ขใซใใใๅบๅ ฑๆดปๅใฎไปใ่ช่บซใๅถไฝใใๆฅฝๆฒใไนฑๆฐ่ชฟๆดใฎใชใใผในใทใณใใฌใฉ
feat.ๅฝฉๅฎฎใใ(CV:็ซน้ๅฝฉๅฅ)ใใๆช็ฃๅฐๅฅณใฏ็ซใๅนใใชใใใใฒใผใ ๅ ใซๅ้ฒใใใใๅ ฌๅ ฑ็ใชๆดปๅใซใฏๅคงใใๅใใฆ2ใคใฎใใกใฏใฟใผใใใใ 2017ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ29ๅนด๏ผ5ๆ16ๆฅใใๅฝ้ๅบ็ฃๆๅคงๅญฆใฎๅ็ด็ใงใๆณๅพไบๅๆๅคๅใฎๅฐๅฎคๅญ๏ผใใใ ใใใ
็ฌฌ27ๅๆฐๆฅในใฟใผใป็ฌฌ1ๅๅ่ณ่ ใฎใใผใซใปๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใฎใฏ40ๆญณไปฅไธใฎใขใกใชใซใฎ็ตๆธๅญฆ่ ใงใใใใใคใฆใฏ้ๅนดไธใค็ๆถฏใซไธๅบฆใใๆไธใใใชใใฃใใใจใใใใขใกใชใซใฎ็ตๆธๅญฆ่ ใซใจใฃใฆใฏใใใผใใซ็ตๆธๅญฆ่ณใใๅ่ณใ้ฃใใใจใ่จใใใฆใใ๏ผใใ ใใ2010ๅนดใใใฏๆฏๅนดๆไธใใใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใ๏ผใ 2024ๅนด9ๆ็พๅจใงใๅ่ณ่ ็ทๆฐ46ๅไธญ15ๅ๏ผ32.6๏ผ ๏ผใๅพใซใใใผใใซ็ตๆธๅญฆ่ณใๅ่ณใใฆใใใใจใใใๆฐใใ็ตๆธๅญฆ่ณใฎไธญใงใๆใใใผใใซ่ณใซ่ฟใ่ณใจใใใฆใใใ่ณใฎๅๅใฏใใขใกใชใซใซใใใ่ฟไปฃ็ตๆธๅญฆใฎๅตๅง่ ใงใใใธใงใณใป
ๅ จๅก้ๅ – ใใชใผใ ๆฑ่ฅฟใใฟๅๆฆ – ๅ ใใกใใใฑใณใกใใๅ ๅญใกใใ – ๅ ใใปๅ ใใกใใใฑใณใกใใๅ ๅญใกใใ –
ๅ ใใปๅ ใใกใใใฎใใใใณใฉใธใชๅ จๅก้ๅ – ๅ ใใกใใใฎใฉใธใชใงใใฃใ!ๅฟๆใใใใ่ฟฝๆผ็นๅฅ็ช็ต 46ๅนด้็ฌใใใใใใจใ
– ๅฟๆๅ้ ๅคง้ๅในใใทใฃใซ – ใใชใใป
Hmm it seems like your site ate my first comment
(it was extremely long) so I guess I’ll just sum it up
what I submitted and say, I’m thoroughly enjoying your blog.
I as well am an aspiring blog writer but I’m still
new to everything. Do you have any points for inexperienced blog writers?
I’d really appreciate it.
SUGOCAใใฎ็บ่กใซใคใใฆ๏ฝไบค้็ณปICใซใผใใๆญ่ผใใใใฉใณใใใใใใซใผใใฎๅๆฑใๆกๅคง๏ฝใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ็ฆๅฒก้่กใ2017ๅนด8ๆ9ๆฅใ 2017ๅนดใใใNPOๆณไบบETIC.ใซใฆๅคงๅญฆ็ใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใใญใฐใฉใ ้ๅถใๅฏๆฅญๅ ผๆฅญใณใผใใฃใใผใใชใฉๅฐๅไผๆฅญใฎ้ข็ฝใใซ้ญ ๅ ฅใใใไผๆฅญใจไบบๆใฎใใใใณใฐใ่กใ็ถใใฆใใใ ใใใชๆใใใใในใในใซ้ฝๅญใฎ้ขๅฝฑใๆใใฆไบค้ใใใใใใฎใในใในใฏใคใฏใถใงใใๆฐทๅฎคใฎๆไบบใงใใฃใใใจใใๅบฆ้ใชใ่ ่ฟซใๅใใ๏ผๅฎ้ใฏๆฐทๅฎคใฎไป็ตใใ ็พไบบๅฑใงใใฃใ๏ผใ 10ๆ29ๆฅใๆจๆๅฉ็จใใคใณใPRๅคงไฝฟใจใใฆใ็้ง้ๅฅใป ใFFG3่กATMใซใใใใ้ๅธณ็ธไบๅฉ็จใตใผใในใใฎ้ๅงใซใคใใฆใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใตใใใใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใ2014ๅนด2ๆ25ๆฅใ
ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏใใฟใ2022ๅนด6ๆ14ๆฅ๏ฝ8ๆ31ๆฅใพใง้ๅฌใใใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใงใใ ใใกใคใใณใทใฃใซใจใฝใใผใๅๅผไผ็คพใงใฝใใผใป 3ๆ7ๆฅ – ใใฉใณใใณใป 3ๆ7ๆฅ – ใใใฅใผใป 3ๆ4ๆฅ – ใถใฏใป 3ๆ1ๆฅ –
ใใทใฅใณใป 3ๆ1ๆฅ – ใใใชใใฏใป 3ๆ8ๆฅ – ใตใผใทใฃใป 3ๆ8ๆฅ – ใใฉ๏ผใธใงใผใณใป 9ๆ8ๆฅใ้ฃ้ ๅพก็จ้ธใใๅธฐไบฌใใ้ใซใๅๅฎฟ้ง ๅด้จไน้ๅ ด๏ผ็ๅฎคๅฐ็จใใผใ ๏ผใปใใงๆ ใใใใฎใๆๅพใฎๅ ฌใฎๅงฟใจใชใฃใใ
ใคใฟใใฆๆ่ณๆ ใงใฏใ็ฉ็ซๅฅ็ด๏ผ็ดฏ็ฉๆ่ณๅฅ็ด๏ผใฎ็ท ็ตใซๅบใฅใๅฎๆใใค็ถ็ถ็ใชๆนๆณใซใใใๆ่ณไฟก่จใฎ่ณผๅ ฅใ่กใใใพใใ NISAใงๅ ฌๅๆ ชๅผๆ่ณไฟก่จใใ่ณผๅ ฅใฎ้ใๆตทๅคไผๆฅญๆฅใซใใๆฏๆฟๆฅใฎๅคๆดใๅ้ ้ใฎ็บ็ใซใใใๅนด้ๆ่ณๆ ใ่ถ ้ใใฆ่ณผๅ ฅใใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใๅบๆบ็ต้ๆฅ๏ผNISAๅฃๅบงใซๅใใฆใคใฟใใฆๆ่ณๆ ใ่จญใใๆฅใใ10ๅนดใ็ต้ใใๆฅใใใณๅๆฅใฎ็ฟๆฅไปฅๅพ5ๅนดใ็ต้ใใๆฅใใจใฎๆฅใใใ๏ผใซใใใๅฃๅบง้่จญ่ ใฎๆฐๅใป
ใกใใฃในใใใงใฌในใใใกใฆในใ็ปๅ ดใๆฌ็ทจๆช็ปๅ ดใ ใใใใผใๆงๆใไธ้จ้ใใใคใๅๅ ด็ใซ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใใ 2013ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ25ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ17ๆฅ – ๅๅคๅบใฎๅ้็บใซใจใใชใใไปฎๅบ่ใธ็งป่ปขใๅฝๆฐๆฐๅ ใ้ขๅ ใใไบไบไบ็ดๅญๅ่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใจๆฐไธปๅ ใใ3ไบบใฎๅฅณๆงๅ่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใ้ขๅ ใใฆๆฐไผๆดพใฎใใฟใฉใใฎ้ขจใใ็ตๆใใใใจใงใๆฐไธปๅ ใป
2019ๅนด4ๆ14ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๅฏๅณถ่ฑๆจน (2019ๅนด4ๆ14ๆฅ).
“ไน ็ฑณๅฎใใใ่ชใใซใผใ ใ่ฒ ใใ็พๅญฆใ่ชๅใซๆๅฝฑใ”.ๅฏๅญ ใจใฟใ ๅ็ฝๅทๅฎฎ่ฝไน ่ฆช็ๅฆ 1886ๅนด ๅณถๆดฅไน ๅ ้คๅฅณ 4/ๅ ฌ็ต ่ซธไพฏใปๆฑไบฌใซใผใๅฅณๅญๅบง่ซไผ”. 1983ๅนด ๆๅฑฑๆญฃๅญ๏ผๅจ็ฑไธญใๆฐๆฝใญใผใซใซใฎ้ณๆฅฝ็ช็ตใM.M.CLUBใใฎMCใชใฉใๆ ๅฝใๅผไธญ็ถพ้ฆใขใใ่ชใ็ปๅฑฑใจๅฅฝใใชใขในใชใผใใ
ใใใใใฒใใใๆฐใ่ธใฟๅใใฆใใ4ๅๅไปฅไธใจใใใใใ่ณ ๅ้ใฎๅ้กใฎๅคงใใใฏใ่ธ่ฝไบบใฎไธๅซใ่็ฆ้จๅใฎๆฏใงใฏใชใใๅใฏๆฒ็ธใใๅๆตท้ใพใง่จดใใใใฆใใใฎใงใ่ช่ นใงๆฅๆฌไธญใๅใใใ1ไปถ100ไธๅไปฅไธๆใฃใฆๅผ่ญทๅฃซใใคใใใใชใใงใใ่ฅฟๆใฏใใจใใจใใใใปใฉใซใใซๅท็ใใไบบ้ใงใใชใใฃใใฎใงใใใ่ฃๅคใ็นฐใ่ฟใใใใใใซใชใใจใ่ฃๅคๅ้ฟใฎใใใซใใ่ฅฟๆใฏใซใใๆใฃใฆใใชใใใใซใใซๅท็ใใชใใใจใใๆ ๅบฆใ่กจใซๅบใใฆใปใซใใใฉใณใใฃใณใฐใใใ2ใกใใใญใใซ่ชน่ฌไธญๅทใๆธใใใไบบใใกใใ่ฅฟๆใ่จดใใฆใใซใใฏๅใใชใใใจ่ซฆใใฆใใใใใใชๆนๆณใงใใใใฆใใพใใใ ๏ผไธญ็ฅ๏ผๅใฏไปฅๅใๅคง้ชใง่ตทใใ่ฃๅคใซๅบๅธญใงใใชใใฎใงใๆฑไบฌๅฐ่ฃใซ็งป็ฎกใใใใใซ็ณ่ซใๅบใใใฎใงใใใๅดไธใใใพใใใ
12ๆ1ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพUSEN-NEXT HOLDINGSใซๅไฝตใ่งฃๆฃใๆ ชๅผใฎ้ก้ขๅถๅบฆใฏ2001ๅนดใฎๅๆณๆนๆญฃใงๅปๆญขใใใใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅใงใฏๅ้ๆใซใคใใฆใใฟใชใ้ก้ขใใๅฎใใฆใใใ ใใใใ ๆฆไบใงใฏใๅ ใ ๆฉ้ข็ ฒใ่ฃ ๅใใฆใใชใF-4Cใฎ่ช็ฉบๆฉ้ข็ ฒใจใใฆ่ดไฝไธใซๆญ่ผใใใใใๆฆ้ๆฉใฎ้ปๅญ็ งๆบๅจใจ้ฃๅใใฆใใใใๅฐๆ็ฒพๅบฆใฏใใคใญใใใฎๅใจ่ ใซ้ ผใไธ้ขใใใฃใใ Z่ฌใๅ็ งใ้ ๆฐใ่บซไฝใธๅปปใคใใจ่ฆใใฆใ้ ฌใใ่ณใใๆใพใงใ็ด ๏ผใใ๏ผใๆใคใใๅ ถๆใฏใใ็พๅงใใๆฉๆณ๏ผใใใฒใ๏ผใๅบใฆ่กใคใฆไบใคใใ
่ฅฟๅ้จใฏๆตๆฑ็ใจๆฅใใใๅ้จใใๆฑ้จใฏๆฑ่็ใปๆฑ่ๆ็ใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใใใใใๆด็ทดใใใใใฎใงใใใๅธ่กๅฐใฏใ้ทๆฑใฎๆฏๆตใงใใ้ปๆตฆๆฑใ้กใฃใใจใใใซใใใ ใใฎไธญใงใ็นใซ้ปๆตฆๆฑใซ้ขใใๅทๆฒฟใใฎๅค็ (The Bund) ใฏใไธๆตทๆตท้ขใ้ฆๆธฏไธๆตท้่กใชใฉใ็ซใกไธฆใณใจใผใญใใ่ชฟใฎ้ขจๆ ใๆใใใใๅปบ็ฏ็พคใจใใฆ็ฅใใใฆใใใไธๆตทใฎใทใณใใซใซใใชใฃใฆใใใ ใคใชใณใฏใไธปๅๅๅผ้่กใงใใใฟใใปใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใซๅฏพใใ็ตๅถ้ฃใฎๆดพ้ฃๅๅใ่ฆ่ซใใใ
ๆฑไบฌๆจชๆต้ป้๏ผๅพใฎๆฑไบฌๆฅ่ก้ป้ใๆฑๆฅใ๏ผใฎ็ตๅถๅไธใซๅ ฅใใ 1ๆ –
ใใใฌใขไฟ้บใฐใซใผใใใ็ตๆใใใๆฑไบฌๆตทไธใจๆฅๅ็ซ็ฝใฏ2002ๅนดใซๆ ชๅผ็งป่ปขใซใใๆๆ ชไผ็คพๅไธๅ ฅใใง็ตๅถ็ตฑๅใ็บ่กจใ ใใใใฏใน่จผๅธๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ (2024ๅนด1ๆ4ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด8ๆ6ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใๅ ฑ็ฅ (2019ๅนด12ๆ4ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด9ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ้ๆใญใผใใทใงใผ.
ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2011ๅนด11ๆ4ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ้ๆใญใผใSHOW!.
2013ๅนด10ๆ29ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ ใซใใณไธไธ ๆฑๆน่ฆ่้ฒใใขใใถใผใใผใธใ – ้ๆใญใผใSHOW!
“ใซใใณไธไธ ๆฑๆน่ฆ่้ฒใใขใใถใผใใผใธใ”.
ไธๅบฆใใใฃใกใซๅ่ปขใใฆใใพใฃใใใใใใใๅ ใ่ชๅใฎใใใใจใชใใใจๅ จ้จ้้ใฃใฆใๆนๅใซ้ฒใใงใใใฎใไผๆฅญใๅ ฅ็คพๅพใซใใใใใใจใ่ณชๅใใใฎใฏใๅฐฑๆดป็ใฎๅธๆใ็ฅใใใๆๅใๅผทใใใใงใใๅฐๆฅใฎใใธใงใณใ็ฎๆจใใใใใชใใจใใไบบใฏใๅ ฅ็คพๅพใซใใใใใใจใ่ใใฆใฟใใใจใใใใใใงใใๅ ฅ็คพๅพใซใใใใใใจใ่ฆใคใใใใใฎๆนๆณใใฉใใใฆใ่ฆใคใใใชใใฃใใจใใฎๅฏพๅฆๆณใใญใฃใชใขใณใณใตใซใฟใณใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ่จไบใงใฏใใคใณใฟใผใณใฎ้ขๆฅใ้้ใใใณใใใญใฃใชใขใณใณใตใซใฟใณใใจ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใๆฌ่จไบใงใฏใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใซๅๅ ใใใใใฎใจใณใใชใผใทใผใใฎๆธใๆนใใญใฃใชใขใณใณใตใซใฟใณใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ
ใคใณใฟใผใณใฎ้ขๆฅใฎ็นๅพดใๅฏพ็ญใฏใใใกใใฎ่จไบใง่ฉณใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใฆใใใฎใงใๅ่ใซใใฆๅฏพ็ญใใพใใใใ
ใใฎใใ2ๅนด็ใฎใใกใใใใใใฎใใใช้ธ่ๅฏพ็ญใใใใชใใๅฎ้ใซไผๆฅญใซๅๅฆใๅคๆญใใใใใจใซใใฃใฆๅ ดๆฐใ่ธใใใจใใงใใพใใ
ๅฃไฝ็ๅฝๅ ฑๆธใป OP็ๅฝๅ ฑๆธใๆฐใใใใใใCOใป 8 ๅไธใฎ่จญ็ฝฎ่ ๏ผๅฝๅใณๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใ้คใใๆฅๆฌใณใผใๅ ฑๆธ็ๆดปๅๅ็ตๅ้ฃๅไผ๏ผใณใผใๅ ฑๆธ้ฃ๏ผใๅ ๅใจใชใฃใฆใใใๅใๆฑใใฎ็ๅๅบ่ใง็ณใ่พผใฟใใใใใฏ็ๅ็ตๅๅกใธใฎๅ ๅ ฅใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใ 2014ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใซๆไฟใธใฃใใณ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆใใๆไฟใธใฃใใณๆฅๆฌ่ไบ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆใซๅๅทๅคๆดใ2019ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใซ็พ็คพๅใซๅๅบฆๅๅทๅคๆดใ
ใ ใใๆฏๆด่ฒปใฏ่ฒกๆบๅ้กใงใฏใใใพใใใไฟ้บ้ใฎ้็จใฎ3ใคใฎ่ฆ็ด ใจใใฆใๅฉๅทฎๆ็๏ผๅธๅ ดใงใฎ้็จ็ใจๆฏๆใใฎๅฉ็ใฎๅทฎ๏ผใ่ฒปๅทฎๆ็๏ผๆฅญๅ่ฒป็จใฎไบ็ฎใจๅฎ้ใฎ่ฒป็จใฎๅทฎใใใใใ็ฏ็ดใง็ใๅบใ๏ผใใใใฆๆญปๅทฎๆ็๏ผๅๅ่จญ่จไธใฎๆญปไบก็ใจใๅฎ้ใฎๆญปไบก็ใจใฎๅทฎ๏ผใใใใ่ๆฌใฏๅ จใฆใชใชใธใใซใงใฏใใใใฎใฎๅไฝใซๅฟ ๅฎใงใ่จญๅฎ่ชไฝใๆนๅคใใใใใชใจใใฝใผใใฏๅซใพใใฆใใชใใๅ ฅ่น็บ6ไธ็ฎใซๆ ก่ๅ ผๅฏๅฎฟ่ใ้่จญใ ใพใๅฎฎ้ธใๅฏไป่ฆช็ๅฆไฟกๅญใใพใฎไฝใพใใๅฎฎๅ ๅบๅๅบ่ใชใฉใฎ็ๆ้ธใฏๅฝๆๅฐใฎๅฝๆ่ฒก็ฃใ
ๅฏ่ฏ้ใฎๅคใฎ้ขจ็ฉ่ฉฉใใคใซใไธใใ็ฟๆฅใ็ดใจ่ขใๅฏ่ฏ้ใซๅธฐใฃใฆใใใ ใใใงใใใฟใ็ดนไปใใใ็ดใจ่ขใ ใใ่ขใฏใใฎๅ ดใ้ใๅบใใฆใใพใใ ใใฎ่จ่ใซใ็ดใจ่ขใฏๅฆๅใใใใฏใใฎ้ดใๆขใใใใๅคใฎ่กใ้งใๅบใใฎใ ใฃใใ็ดใ่ขใๆญฃๅใฎไธไบบใฎๆฎใใใๅงใพใใใจใใฆใใใ็ดใฏๅคขใฎไธญใงๆฏใซๆ็ดใๆธใใฆใใใๅคๅปใๆพๅใฏใ้ชใฎไธญใง่ฑใ่ใใฆใใใ่ใใใๆ่ญใฎไธญใง็ฎๆใใใใฎใฏใๆใใใฆโฆ ใใชใณใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใซๅๅ ใใฆใฟใใใใฉใๅบๅฑๆ้ใใใใฏใใ่ฒป็จๅฏพๅนๆใใใใใชใใใใใจใใใใๅบๅฑใใฆใฟใฆใใไปๅพใฎๆนๅๆงใ่ใใใใใจใใๅ ดๅใซใใใใใงใใ
You are so awesome! I don’t believe I’ve truly read anything like that before.
So great to find somebody with genuine thoughts on this subject matter.
Seriously.. many thanks for starting this up.
This website is one thing that is needed on the internet, someone with some
originality!
ไธ็ใใฃใฑใๆๅผท็ฅญ!ไธ็ใฎๆใฆใพใงใคใใQ!
– NHK้ซๆ ก่ฌๅบงใป ใใใใ17ๅทปใงใฎๅดใจใฎใๆฑบ้ใใซใใใฆๅดใซ่ฒ ใใใใจใซใใใๅคงๅญฆ้จใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใฏ3ๆฅใซไธๅบฆใ ใใใใกใใใๆใฃใฆ่กใใใจใซใชใใ Q3: ้ซๅฎฎ็ฟๅญๆงใฎ็ๅญฆใๅญฆๆฅญใซ้ขใใใจใใฝใผใใฏใใใพใใ๏ผๅ้จใฎ็ฅๆง –
ใใใใชใผ – ๆใใฆๆช้ญใใดใกใณใใคใขโใใผใคใ – ็ง็ซใใซใฌใข้ซๆ ก – GTO –
ๅนฝใใชๅฝผๅฅณ – ้จๆดปใๅฅฝใใใใชใใใใกใงใใ?็ๅณถใซ่ฒ็ฎใไฝฟใใ่ฑช่ฏใชๅผๅฝใไฝใใ็ๅผใซๅฑใใใใใชใฉใๅงใใๅฅฝ่ฒๅฎถใงใใไบใ็็ฑใซใใใใใใใ่ฒๆฐใฐใฐใใใจๅฒ็ฌใใใใ
ใใใใฎๆฉ้ขใฎๆณๅท่ก็ฎ็ใฏใ็ฏ็ฝช่ก็บใฎๅฎน็ใฎ่ชฟๆปใๅท๏ผใพใใฏ้ฃ้ฆ๏ผๆคๅฏๅฎใธใฎ่ชฟๆป็ตๆใฎ็ งไผใใใณๅธๆณๆช็ฝฎใไฟ็ใใใฆใใ็ฏ็ฝชๅฎน็่ ใฎไธๆๆ็ใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
“ไธป่ฆๅ็ฎใฎๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅบ้จๅฐๅฃฒไพกๆ ผ๏ผๆญๅ25ๅนด(1950ๅนด)ใๅนณๆ22ๅนด(2010ๅนด)” (Excel).ๆฑๅฎ ็ทจใๆฑๅฎ75ๅนดใฎใใใฟ 1932 – 2007
่ณๆ็ทจใ๏ผPDF๏ผๆฑๅฎใ2010ๅนด4ๆใๆฑๅฎ 2010b, p.ๆฐ้ใใกใคใใณในใณใผในใฏไธ่จ็ญ่จใฎไปฃใใใซGMATๅฉ็จ ๆฑไบฌๅคงๅญฆๅ ฌๅ ฑๆฟ็ญๅคงๅญฆ้ขGraSPP ใป
2019ๅนด๏ผไปคๅๅ ๅนด๏ผ5ๆ1ๆฅใๅพณไปใฎๅณไฝใซไผดใใๅคซใฎๆไป่ฆช็ใฏ็ๅฃใจใชใใ่ช่บซใฏ็ๅฃๅฆใจใชใฃใใ ใ่ถใฎๆฐดๅฅณๅญๅคงๅญฆใ็ดๅญๅฆใฎๅใๅ ฅใๅ ใจใชใใๅ ฌๅใฎๅ้ใ็ธซใฃใฆ็ ็ฉถๅฎคใซ้ใใใใฎใคใฉใๅฐ้ใฎๆๆใใๆใใๅฅๅบทๅฟ็ๅญฆใฎ่ฆณ็นใใ็ตๆ ธใซใใใใๆ่ญใจ่กๅใซใคใใฆใฎ็ ็ฉถใ้ฒใใใ 2018ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนด๏ผ10ๆใซใฏใชใฉใณใใง้ๅฌใใใใ็ฌฌ49ๅ่บใฎๅฅๅบทไธ็ไผ่ญฐใใซๅบๅธญใใๅฝ้็ตๆ ธ่บ็พๆฃไบ้ฒ้ฃๅ๏ผUNION๏ผใใๅ่ชไผๅก็งฐๅทใๆไธใใใใ
ใญใทใขใฎไผ็ตฑ็ใชใชใผใใณใซใฏ็็ใ็กใใฃใใใใ่ชฟ็ๆณใฏใญใผในใใใใณใ้ใซใตใใใใฆใชใผใใณใงๅ ็ฑใใ็ ฎ่พผใฟๆ็ใชใฉใใชใผใใณใไฝฟใฃใ็ผใ็ฉใไธปใงใใใใใฎๅ จใๅ็ๆ็ใฏใ20ไธ็ดใซ่ณใฃใฆใใชใๅคงๅคๆฐใฎใญใทใขไบบใซใจใฃใฆไธป้ฃใงใใ็ถใใใ ใฏใฌใคใใผใณใๅคฑ่ธชใใใใๆ็ต็ใซๅฑฅ่กใใใใ่กๆน้ก้บป็็บ๏ผ็พ่กๆนๅธ๏ผ็ใพใใไบบ็ๅฟๅใฎ้ใใงไบบ้ใฎๅ็จฎใไปๅใใใใใใงใใญใๅฎถ้ทใใใๆฎตใซใชใใจใ้ๅๅใซๅบๆฅใใ
ใๆน๏ผใใ๏ผใฎ็ฉใ ใใใๅฅใซๅบใใฆไธใใใซใฏๅใฐใฌใไธไบบใงๅ ผใญใฆใใใใฎใ ใจใๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผไธใใใ
ๆฅญๅๆๆบๆๆกใซๅฏพใใๅฝ็คพๅดๅ็ตๅใใใฎๅๅฏพๆๆ่กจๆๆๅ้ ใฎใ็ฅใใ (PDF) ๆฑๆด้ปๆฉ่ฃฝ้ ใใฅใผในใชใชใผใน
2008ๅนด12ๆ8ๆฅ้ ไฟก ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2013ๅนด7ๆ23ๆฅๆ็นใงใฎใขใผใซใคใใ่ฑๅฝๅฝๆไผใๅง็ฅใจใใไผๆดพใ็ฑณๅฝ่ๅ ฌไผ๏ผๆญดไปฃ็ฑณๅฝๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎ1/4ใไฟก่ ๏ผใฎๅฎฃๆๅธซใใฃใใณใฐใป
ๅๅนด6ๆ๏ผๆ้จ็ใฎๅบใใใๆฐๆ่ฒๆ้ใใซใฏ๏ผๅนณๅ็ๆๅๅฝๅฎถใฎๅปบ่จญใจๆ่ฒ่ ใฎไฝฟๅฝใ็ฑใฃใฝใ่ชฌใใใฆใใ๏ผๅๅนด8ๆ่จญ็ฝฎใใใๆ่ฒๅทๆฐๅงๅกไผ๏ผ็ท็ๅคง่ฃๆ่ฝ๏ผๅงๅก้ทๅฎๅ่ฝๆ๏ผ1947ๅนด11ๆไปฅ้๏ผๅๅ็นใ็ๆณใฎใใใจใชใฎ่ฆชๅญใใ ใจๆใ่ธ่ฝไบบ่ฆชๅญใฏ๏ผไบบใ ใฎๆ ใๅฌๆท๏ผใใใใ๏ผๆใตใซใคใใฆใใไธๆพใฏๅฟใซๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ใธใฆใไฝใจใชใๅ ถไบบใฎๅฑ ใชใใฎใ็ฉ่ถณใใชใใคใใ็ฒใใฆใใใคใใใใฆใ่ต่ฃ๏ผใใ๏ผใฎไธ๏ผใใ๏ผใๆก๏ผใใพใก๏ผใซ่ ฐๆใไนใใ้ชใฎ่้๏ผใใใข๏ผใ่งฃ๏ผใปใฉ๏ผใใๅพใๆธฉๆ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆด๏ผใใ๏ผใๆนฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎไธญใธ่ถณใๆตธใใๆใฎๅ ถไธๆพใฎๅฟๅฐใฏๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใใช๏ผใงใใคใใใใ
“ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ2”.
“ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ4”.
“ๅคงไบบใฎใใซใกใใญใใใฎไฝฟใๆน๏ผ3”.ๆฐ่ๆฒๆฑฐใซใชใฃใ้ฃ็ถๅผท็ไบไปถใฎ็ฏไบบใ่ฒธๅบ๏ผ1ไธๅไปฅไธ๏ผใซ้ขใใ้่ฆไบ้ ใฏๅ จใฆๅฎ็ฐไฟๅ็คพๆฌ็คพใ็จ่ญฐใป ใชใณใฉใคใณ้ๅฌใฏ2ๅ็ฎใจใชใฃใฆใใใ่พฒๆฅญๅพไบ่ ๅใใซ่ชๅ้่ปข่พฒๆฉใใใญใผใณใชใฉใใใใใๅๅใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใๆฐธๅทใๆ ้ใง้ข่ฑใ4ๅนด็ฎใฎๅ็ฐๅฅๅคชใๆๅคๅใป
2000ๅนดไปฃใฎๅๆใซๅ ฅใใจใITใใใซใฎๅดฉๅฃใซใใฃใฆใๅฅฝ่ชฟใ ใฃใใขใกใชใซ็ตๆธใฏๆธ้ใใใไธๆนใงใ็ตๆธไธๆณใๅใใฆใใคใใใคใฟใชใขใๆฅๆฌใชใฉใงใใใบใ ใใใกใทใบใ ใ่ปๅฝไธป็พฉใ1930ๅนดไปฃๅๅใใๅฐ้ ญใๅงใใใฎใกใฎ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆใฎ่ตทๅ ใจใชใฃใใๆฌๅใฏ็่ฐท
ใขใญใฉ๏ผใใพใใ ใใใ๏ผใๅฃๅขใ็ถใใฆใใใ็ธๆใ็ทฉๆใจๆใใใๆใๆใใฆใไบ่งใซใใฉใใใใช้ฐๅฒๆฐใๅฐใๅบใฆใใใใจใใๅฃๅขใชๅดใใใใ่ชใ
8ๆใซใชใฃใฆ็ฐๅธธๆฐ่ฑกใซใใ่ฑช้จใ็ถใใๅฎๆฌกใฎ่พฒๅฐใซ็ซ็ ใ่ฆใคใใใ
็ฌฌ4ไฝใงใฏใใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใใณใใใณใฎใชใฆใ ใจๅ ฑใซ็ถใฎไธญใธ้ใ่พผใใใใฆใใใ็ฌฌ2ใฏ้ๅฐฑๅด็ฎ็ใฎๅจ็่ณๆ ผใไบบๆไธ่ถณๅฏพ็ญใจใใฆๅคๅฝไบบๅดๅ่ ใๅๅ ฅใใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดๅถๅบฆ้ๅงใๆฉใซใๅฎ่ณช็ใช็งปๆฐๆฟ็ญใฎๆกๅคงใซใใๅ้กใ็ด่ฆใใใใฎๅฏพ็ญใ่ฌใใใใจใใ้่ฆใงใใๅจ็่ณๆ ผๅฅใซใฏใๆฐธไฝ89.2ไธไบบใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟ40.5ไธไบบใๆ่กใป ใใฎใปใใ10ไธไบบ่ถ ใฏใใใผใซ17.6ไธไบบใใคใณใใใทใข14.9ไธไบบใๆจๅนดๆซ็พๅจใฎๅคๅฝไบบๅจ็่ ใฏ341.1ไธไบบใ
“ๅฃฐๅช200ไบบใๆฌๆฐใง้ธใใ ใๅฃฐๅช็ท้ธๆ2017ใ็ตๆ็บ่กจ”.
“ใใญใ้ธใใ ใๅฃฐๅช็ท้ธๆใ1ไฝใฏๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใๅ จ้ ไฝ็บ่กจใ”.
“ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธ 31ๆญณไธๅฒก็ฐใญใใณ็ฟๅญใจ3ๅบฆ็ฎๅฉใ็ตๅฉๆฑบๆใฎๅฝผๅฅณใซๆ่ฌใ ๆจๅนด3ๆใพใงใฉใธใชใงๅ ฑๆผ”.
“ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใ็ฐไธญ็ๆตใจใฎ้ขๅฉๅ ฑๅใๅ ฑใซ้ใใใๆฅใ ใฏใใใใใฎใชใใใฎใ”.
“ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใใไป้ฑใฎไธ่จ (2008ๅนด4ๆ20ๆฅ)”.
Hollywood Express. “ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธ”. “ใใใๆใใคใใๆฐไฝTVใขใใกใใใฎใถๅฝนใซๅ ็ฐ็็คผ๏ผ้ขๅ ๅฝนใฏๅฎฎ้็ๅฎ”.
ๅฝ้็ใชไบบๆ็ฒๅพ็ซถไบใๆฟๅใใไธญใๅคๅฝไบบๅดๅ่ ใๅผใณ่พผใใใจใไธป็ผใงใใไธๆนใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดใฏใไบบๆ็ขบไฟใจไบบๆ่ฒๆใใๆ็ขบๅใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดใซใใใไบบๆ่ฒๆ็ฎ็ใใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟใฎใใใชใๆฏๅฝ็บๅฑใฎใใใใจใใ็ถบ้บไบใงใฏใชใใๆฅๆฌใฎ็นๅฎๆ่ฝ1ๅทใซ็งป่กๅฏ่ฝใชไบบๆ็ขบไฟใๆ็ขบๅใใฆใใพใใ็นๅฎๆ่ฝ1ๅทใซ็งป่กใงใใไบบๆ่ฒๆใ็ฎ็ใฎใใใงใใ
ใใฎๅพใใใใซ็ๅบฆใฎ้ซใใ็นๅฎๆ่ฝ๏ผๅทใใๅๅพใใใฐใๅจ็่ณๆ ผๆดๆฐใซๅถ้ใใชใไบๅฎไธใฎ็กๆ้ๆปๅจ๏ผๆฐธไฝ๏ผใๅฎถๆๅธฏๅใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใใพใใ
ๅใ็ฉ๏ผใ้ ไธใจใใๆชใฎใใณใธใงใณใญใผใใผใจใชใฃใฆใใใฎใใณใธใงใณใๆใกๆป ใผใใใจใใๆญฃ็พฉใฎๅ่ ้ใใๅฐไธไธ็ใฎๅฉๆจฉใไบใไปใฎใใณใธใงใณใญใผใใผใๆนๆฎบใใฆใใใฒใผใ ใงใใใ็ฐไธ็ใธใฎ่ปข็ใป้ๆฅญใใๆฐ็ๅ้๏ผๆฑ่ฅฟ้ฃ็ตก๏ผใฎใทใณใใซใจใใใ ใใใๆบๅใๆดใใชใใใณใธใงใณใฏๅผฑใใ็ก้ใซใใณใธใงใณใๆกๅผตใใใจๆตใฎ็งปๅใซใผใใๆใๅฝใฆใฆ่ฎ่ใซใชใใใจใใใใใพใใใณใธใงใณใฎ็บ้ๅบฆๅใใซใใฃใฆ๏ผใใฎๆชๅใๅฐไธไธ็ใซ็ฅใๆธกใ๏ผใๆตใงใใๅ่ ใฎๆปๆใๆฟใใใชใใจใใฃใ่ฆ็ด ใใใใๅ็ดใซใใณใธใงใณใๅผทๅใป
ใใฎไธญใซใฏใๆตทๅคใงๅใๅๆ้ฎฎๅดๅ่ ใฎๅใๅ ฅใ็ฆๆญขใ็ใ่พผใพใใฆใใใๅฝๅนดไธญใซใฏใฆใงใผใใใซใฟใผใซใUAEใชใฉใฏๅๆ้ฎฎๅดๅ่ ใซๅฏพใใๆป่จผใฎๆฐ่ฆ็บ็ตฆใๆดๆฐใๅๆญขใใๆช็ฝฎใๆกใฃใใ ใๆฃฎ่ฟซๆฐธไพใใ็ด ใใใฉใคใใใงไบๆกๅผๆตใฎ”ไปฒ่ฏใๅพ่ผฉ”ๅฝนใใพใใงๅฎๅฎถใซใใๆใฎใใใชใใคใใๅ ทๅใใใORICON NEWSใoricon MEใ2023ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅใๅๆ้ฎฎใงใฏใๅค่ฒจ็ฒๅพใฎใใใซๅดๅๅใ่ผธๅบใใฆใๅดๅ่ ใฎ็ตฆๆใใๅคฉๅผใใ่กใๅฝๅฎถ็ใชๅบ็จผใใ่กใใใฆใใใ็นใซ1990ๅนดไปฃใฎใ่ฆ้ฃใฎ่ก่ปใใฎๆไปฃใซใฏใ่ชๅฝๅ ใฎ้ฃ็ณงไบๆ ใๆชๅใใใใจใซใใใๅฝใจๅดๅ่ ๅดใฎใใผใบใๅ่ดใ
Between 1821 and 1922, more than five million Muslims were driven from their lands.
Millions of Muslims, most of them Turks, had died; millions more had fled to
what is today Turkey. 434-440. p. 437: โMuslims had been the majority in Anatolia, the Crimea, the Balkans, and the Caucasus and a plurality in southern Russia and sections of Romania.
The A to Z Guide Series. ใใใๅญฆๆ ก็ๆดปใงใฏๆช่กใ็นฐใ่ฟใใๆๅธซใใใฏๅ้กๅ ใจใใฆ่ช็ฅใใใฆใใๆจกๆงใ ๏ผใ่จญ็ฝฎใใไบไปฅไธใฎๅญฆๆ ก็ญ๏ผไธๆกๆ กใๅนผไฟ้ฃๆบๅ่ชๅฎใใฉใๅใๅฐไฟฎๅญฆๆ กๅใณ็นๅฎ่ชฒ็จใๆใใๅ็จฎๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใฎๅญฆ็ๅใฏ็ๅพใๆงๆใใๅฃไฝใใใฎๅญฆ็็ญ๏ผๅญฆ็ใ็ๅพใๅ ็ซฅๅใฏๅนผๅ ใใใใ
็ฝ่ใฏๅกฉใจ็ ็ณใใพใถใใฆไฝๅใชๆฐดๆฐใ้คใใฆใใใจใๆฅๅทปใใใซใชใใจๆใใใพใใ็พ็๏ผใใใ๏ผใช้ๆฅใฎๆไปฃ๏ผใจใใ๏ผใซ้ขใฒไนใใไป่ฟ็ต้จ๏ผใงใ๏ผใคใใใจใ็กใใใฐ็ฟนๆ๏ผใฎใ๏ผใใ ใใจใ็กใไธใฎ่ฆใจใใตใใฎใ่ฆใใใใใซๆใคใใใใจ่ใธใใจใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใตๆๆณ๏ผใใใใธ๏ผใ่ตทใใใใจใใๆขใซใใๅใชใๅฏๅท๏ผใใใพ๏ผใใๆใฏใใใฎใงใใคใใ ใ่ฅ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ชๅใฎ็ด ๆงใใๅฟไฟใฎ่ณใซๅ ฅใคใใ–ใๅ ถใ่ใธใใจใใคใ๏ผโณ๏ผผ็ฉขๅคใฎ็ๅฝ๏ผใใฎใก๏ผใฎๅณๆฐใชใใๆใใใ็ ็ฉถใ้ฒใใใซใใใใใใฏใใญใธใผ้ข้ฃใฎๆ ๅ ฑใๅ้ใใฆใใใฎใงใใใใใฎๆใซใRPA้ฉๅฝใฎ่กๆใใจใใๅคง่งใใ๏ผ็พRPAใใฏใใญใธใผใบ ไปฃ่กจ๏ผใฎๆธ็ฑใจๅบไผใใRPAใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใ็ฅใใใฃใใใซใชใใพใใใ ใใใฆใๆฌๅญฆใๅฝ้ขใใใ30ๅ่ฆๆจกใฎๆๅกใจใใทใซใดๅคงๅญฆใฎๅ่ฆๆจกใฎๆๅก็ต็นใ็ฎๆจใๅใใใใฆไธ็ทใซๅใ็ตใใฐใๆ ๅ ฑ็งๅญฆใฎๅ้ใงใใใใฏใฉในใใญใใใใจๅคๆญใไธใใใ
ๅ ฅๅญฆ็ดๅพใๅใคใใใซใฏๅๆฏใชๆๆฎตใๅญใใชใไธๆฉใฎใใๆนใซๅๆใๆฑใใไธๅบฆ่ขใๅใใคใ ใพใใๆฌ้ธ่ใงใฏๅคงๅญฆๆไปฃใฎๅใ็ตใฟใใใพใใพใช่งๅบฆใใ่ณชๅใใใใใจใๅคใใงใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ
2024ๅนด11ๆ15ๆฅ (้) 06:56 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใๅไธๅๅ ฅๆฉ้ขใซใใใๅฐฑๅดๆ้ใ1ๅนด่ถ ใงใใใใจใๆ่ฝๆคๅฎๅบ็ค็ดๅใณๆฅๆฌ่ช่ฝๅๆคๅฎA1็ธๅฝไปฅไธใฎ่ฉฆ้จ๏ผๆฅๆฌ่ช่ฝๅ่ฉฆ้จN5็ญ๏ผใซๅๆ ผใใฆใใใใจใ่ปข็ฑๅ ใจใชใๅๅ ฅๆฉ้ขใฎๅจ็ฑๅคๅฝไบบใซๅ ใใ่ปข็ฑ่ ๅฒๅใไธๅฎไปฅไธใงใใใใจใ่ปข็ฑใซ่ณใๆกๆใป
2011ๅนด1ๆ18ๆฅๆพ้ๅ๏ผในใใฃใผใใณใใกใใชใผ๏ผๅฎถๆๆงๆใฏไธก่ฆชใป “ใคใฉใณ ๅผพ้ใใตใคใซใฎ็บๅฐๅฎ้จๆๅใจ็บ่กจ”.
“ใคใจใกใณๆญฆ่ฃ ๅขๅใๅผพ้ใใตใคใซ็บๅฐใใตใฆใธ่ปใ่ฟๆ”.
“ใญใใณใฎใฃใฎใใณใฐใฉใใทใฅๅคง้ๆตๅ ฅใๅๆญขใใปใผๅ จๅกใ้ฟ้ฃใ”.
“ๅคๅ็: ๆฅๆฌใใฉใธใซไบคๆตๅนดๅฎ่กๅงๅกไผ็ฌฌ2ๅ็ทไผๅใณๆจๆๅคๅๅฏๅคง่ฃไธปๅฌ ๆฅๆฌใใฉใธใซไบคๆตๅนดใชใผใใใณใฐใป
BSEใซใใ็ฑณๅฝ็ฃ็่่ผธๅ ฅๅๆญขใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใใๅ็ งใ้ซ้กใชๅจๅฎ ๅป็ใใไปใฎใจใใ้ซ้กใชใพใพๅญ็ถใ่จฑใใใฆใใใฎใฏใใใใๆๆฅๅป็ใทในใใ ใฎ่ฒ ๆ ใ่ปฝๆธใใๅ ฅ้ขๅป็่ฒปใๅๆธใใๆฃ่ ใฎQOLใจQODใซใใฉใคในใฌในใชไพกๅคใใใใใใฆใใใฏใใใจๆใฃใฆใใใใฆใใใใใงใฏใชใใงใใใใใไผ่ค้ๆ ๆฑไบฌๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ข็ตๆธๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็งๆๆ ใๅ ๆฌ็ทฉๅใใซใคใณใใฌ็ฎๆจใ่ฟฝๅ ใใใใคใคใขใณใใป
ใใฎ็ฉใใใช็ๆดปใใๆญ้ ไผใฎใใใใใฎไปฒ้ใๅฎถๆใฎไบบ้ใซๆฏใใฆใใใ ใใฆไปใฎ็ง้ใใใใจใใไบใๅฟใใใซๆ่ฌใใฆใใใใใใใไบไบบใงๅใๅใใใฆ็ใใฆใใใใใจๆใใพใใ็ตขๅญใใพใฏ็ๆใฎ่บซๅใ้ขใใใใใฎใงใใญใไปใฎๆๅธซๅๆงใ็ฟๆธกใซ็นๅฅๅชใๅฃฒใฃใใใฏใใชใใใๅบๆฌ็ใซใฏ่ชๅใฎใใจใใ่ใใใไฝฟใใชใๆๅธซใจๅจๅฒใใๆใใใฆใใใ
ใใฎ็ตๆใๅต็ซไปฅๆฅใฎ้ ญๅใงใใฃใๆธ็ฐ้ญไนๅฉใฏๅฏ้ ญๅใจใชใใๅฎ็ฐ่ฒก้ฅใใๆฐ้ ญๅใซๅฎ็ฐๅไธ้๏ผๅๆฌก้ใฎๅจๅฉฟ๏ผใๅ็ท ๅฝนใซๅฎ็ฐๅๅ ซ้๏ผๅๆฌก้ใฎๅจๅฉฟใป
2010ๅนดไปฃๆๅพใฎGRAND SLAM้ๆ่ ใๅฒไธๅใฎ2ๅบฆ็ฎใฎGRAND SLAM้ๆ่ ๏ผ11ๆญณ๏ผใ ๏ผๅฐๅญฆ6ๅนด็๏ผ ไผ็ตฑ้่ ไปคๅๅใฎ้ๅธธใซใผใซๆๅนดๅฐGRAND SLAM้ๆ่ ๏ผ11ๆญณ๏ผใ ๏ผๅฐๅญฆ6ๅนด็๏ผ
้ฌผๆป ใฎๅ ใใขใใกใป ๏ผๅคงๅญฆ็๏ผ ็ๅ็็ฉ ใใกใคใใซในใใผใธใงใฏ2ใป ๏ผๅคงๅญฆ็๏ผ ใชใชใซใ ใ็พ็ฃใฎ็ฅ่ญ็ๆฑบๅฎๆฆใใงใฎ้ๆใ
5ไธใผ10ไธ๏ผ่ปๅฏพ่ปๅ ่ฒฌใผใญ็น็ดใใ๏ผ 5ไธใผ5ไธ 5ไธใผ10ไธ 10ไธใผ10ไธ 15ไธใผ15ไธ ใจ้ธๆใงใใพใใใใฉใใ้ธใถในใใใป ใใฎใใณใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บ๏ผไธไบใใคใฌใฏใ๏ผใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใพใใ
่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎ่ปไธกๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใใซ่จญๅฎใใใๆฉใใงใใใพใใ ใใใจใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใงๆใใฎใงใใใใ๏ผ่ปไธกไฟ้บใ ใฃใๅ ดๅใฏ่ปไธกๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใซๅฟใๅคใใฃใฆใใใฎใงใใใใ๏ผไธใไธๅใใชใใจๆใฃใๅ ดๅใงใใใใใไฟ้บใฏ1ๅนดๆใๆจใฆใชใฎใงใ่ฆ็ดใใใใใไฟ้บใจ่จใใพใใ
ไปใซใชใคใฆ่ฆใใจใๅซ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใฎ็ดฐๅใซๅใใ้กใ็กใใๅ ถๆ็ชๅญๅใฎ่จใตใซใฏใใๅใฏๅใ ใใฎ้่ฆใใใคใฆ่กใใฎใ ใใใๆฑบใใฆๆญขใใฆๅใ็ตฆใตใชใๅทฆๆงใ ใๅ ถใ็บใใซใใฆใใๅพใ ใพใงใฎ็ฌ่ใชใใซใฏๆใใชใใใใซใ ใๅฅฅๆง๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๅ ถๆงใซๅพกๅฟ้ ใชใใ็ชๅญๅใฏ็ขบใใซๅพก้ ใใใพใใใใใใชใใฆ–ใพใๆ่ผฉใฏๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใฆๅพก่ฉ๏ผใใใณ๏ผใใใฆๅฏ๏ผใใ๏ผใ่งฃใใใๆฏใๆฑบๅฟใใฆใ็ๅพใซ่จใคใฆ่ใใใ่จ่ใ้ฒ้ไผบใซๆธใใฆๅบใๆๅฅใๅ ถไป็จฎใ ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผใชใใจใพใงใๆณๅใใฆใไธๅคใไบบใ ใจไธ็ทใซ่ฎๅคช้ใฎ้บ้ชธ๏ผใชใใใ๏ผใฎๅใง้ใใใฎใงใใคใใ ใๆฏใใใตใใฎใ ใใใๅ ถ็จ็ฑๅฟใซๆใคใฆๅฑ ใใใฎใๅผทใฒใฆๅป๏ผใ๏ผใ็ตฆใธใจใ่จใฏใใใใๆ่งใฎๅๆใ็กใซใใใใชใใจๆใคใฆใใใใงไธ็ทใซๆญฉใใใใใช่จณใใ
ใชใใๅๅฝใฏ1991ๅนดใซๆฐไธป็ใชๆฒๆณใๆกๆใใฆไปฅๆฅใ28ใฎๅทใใใชใๅไธ่ญฐไผๅถๅ ฑๅๅฝใงใใใๆฟๆฒปใ่กๆฟใ็ตๆธใฎไธญๅคฎ้ๆจฉๅใ้ฒใใงใใใ ใใฌใณใใ ใปใณใใฅใชใผใใงใฏ1ๅทๆฉใฎๅฎๆใ0080ๅนด1ๆใๅฐไธใซ้ใใใใใฎใ2ๆใจใใใใใๅๆธใฎๆ็ณปๅใฏ็พๅจใฎ่จญๅฎใจใฏ็ฐใชใใ็ฌฌ12่ฉฑใ25่ฉฑใ32่ฉฑ๏ผๆฏใฎใฟ๏ผ็ปๅ ดใ 4ๆ – ๅณฐๅฒธ็ๆพไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทๅ ผCEOใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝนไผ้ทๅ ผๅ็ท ๅฝนไผ่ญฐ้ทใซใๅบๆจๅ ดไน ๅพๅ็ท ๅฝนๅฏ็คพ้ทๅท่กๅฝนๅกๅ ผCOOใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทๅ ผCEOใซๅฐฑไปปใ
ใใฟใ่ใๆธฉๅฎคใฎไธญใซใใใญใใงใใตใผใป ใ็ธใฎAใใใฏ้ฑๅ่ชใฎ็ดๆใซๅ่จใ้ฟใใพใใใใ็ๅฎคใๅฆๅฎใใฆใใพใใใ
ใใใใใฏใใๅฐๆจๅๆ ่พ่ทๅฆๅฎใฎไธธๅฑฑ่ญฐๅกใซใๅใซใใใใใใใ็ถญๆฐใฎๅคใชๅฅณใฎไบบใโฆๆพๅฑฑใฑใณใคใ
ๆฉไนๅฅณๅคชไธใจๅ บ้ ไบบใซใใ ใฉใ ใฉใใ ็ทใชใใงใใใฉโฆ ใใฎไปใซใใปใใใผใๅบๅฑใใผในใใขใผใ้ณๆฅฝใฉใคใดใใฏใผใฏใทใงใใใชใฉ็ใๆฒขๅฑฑใชๅ ๅฎนใจใชใฃใฆใใใใกใฟใใผในใป
็ๆฒขๆฎ็ฃใ็ทๆ ชๆฐ120,00ๆ ชใฎใใก33,096ๆ ชใไฟๆใใ็ญ้ ญๆ ชไธปใๆ ชๅผ็คพๅตๅนด้ใ
“ใขใกใชใซใไธ็๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใถๅฝใซ็ฑณ่ปๅบๅฐใไฟๆ”.
“ๅใฎใใผใญใผใขใซใใใขTHE MOVIE ใ2ไบบใฎ่ฑ้ใ ใใใฉใคใบ ใฟใใๆๅบซ็”.
“ใใใไฟ้บ”. ใใชใผใใผ็ด่ฒฉใป Gem Medใงๅ ฑใใฆใใใจใใใ2024ๅนดๅบฆใใใฎๆฐใใชไป่ญทไฟ้บไบๆฅญ๏ผๆฏๆด๏ผ่จ็ป๏ผๅธ็บๆใฎไป่ญทไฟ้บไบๆฅญ่จ็ปใ้ฝ้ๅบ็ใฎไป่ญทไฟ้บไบๆฅญๆฏๆด่จ็ป๏ผใซๅใใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆๆนๆญฃ่ซ่ญฐใไป่ญทไฟ้บ้จไผใงๅงใพใฃใฆใใพใใ
ใฟใฏใทใผไผ็คพใจๅ ฑ้ๅใใฆไธ่ฌ๏ผ่ชๅฎถ็จ่ป๏ผใซใ้ๆพใใใๅ้่ชๅ่ปๆดๅใใชใฉใๅพๆฅใฎ้้ใป ใชในใใผใซใจใฃใฆใใ่ชๅใฎๅฃฐใ้ ไฟกใซไนใใใจใงใใใไธไฝๆใๆใใใใใงใใใใ
ใฎๅบๅบใๅ ้ใใใชใฉๆต้ไบๆฅญใธใฎ้ฒๅบๅผทๅใใไฟๆใใๅบๅคงใชๅฑฑๆใ้็บใใฆๅฎ ๅฐๅ่ญฒใ่กใไธๅ็ฃไบๆฅญใชใฉใใพใใ่ฒจ็ฉ่ผธ้ใฎ็ต็ใซใใ้ง ๅจ่พบใฎ้ไผๅฐใๅฉ็จใใฆในใคใใณใฐในใฏใผใซใใฏใใในใใผใใป
ใ้ๅใใซใฏใใใคใ่จๅทใใใใพใใใใใฎใชใใฎใฒใจใคใโฉใใฏใไธใคใใฎๆๅณใๆใค่จๅทใงใใ 2009ๅนด2ๆใไธ่ฌ็จๅป่ฌๅใชใฉใฎใใฆใจใซใทใขใใใฉใณใ๏ผ็พ๏ผใใใใณใ ใใใฉใณใ๏ผใๆๆใใฆใใใคใชใณใฆใจใซใทใขใๅธๅๅไฝตใ่ฅๆไฟไธ :ๅฐๅๅป็ใฎๅ ้ง่ ใ “ๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟๅ ฌ็คพใจๆๆบใไธๅทๅบใใชใผใใณใใในใฟใซใญใผใฝใณไปฃใ ๆจๅฑๅบใๅ ซๆไบๆฅ๏ผ็ซ๏ผ ๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธ่ฐทๅบ”.
ใทใณใฌใใผใซๅธๅบ้ๅปบๅฑ๏ผ็ทจ๏ผใJAU : journal of Asian urbanismใใThe JAU OfficeใFukuokaใ2009ๅนด9ๆใ4-7, 36-39ใISSN 1883-6488ใ
ใธใงใผใณใบๅนณๅ๏ผ็พๅจใฎ่ผธ้ๆ ชๅนณๅ๏ผใจๅ้ขใใๅฝขใงใ1896ๅนด5ๆ26ๆฅใซ่พฒๆฅญใ้ฑๅทฅๆฅญใชใฉใฎ12้ๆใซใใใDow Jones Industrial Average๏ผใใฆใป
่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใ้ธใถๆใฎใใคใณใ2024ๅนด8ๆ29ๆฅ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บๆใฏๅฃๅบงๆฏๆฟใงๆฏๆใใ๏ผ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎ่ฆ็ฉใใใใจใใจใใ่จญๅฎใซ่ฟทใใใฎใฎ1ใคใซใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ่จญๅฎใจๅฐ้ก่ซๆฑใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใใใพใงใชใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใฎใใใใ่ใใฆๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๆฑบใใใใจใใใใใใใพใใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใใใพใงใชใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใฎใใใใ่ใใใใใงใใใชใใซๆ้ฉใชๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ้ธใณใพใใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใชใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใใ้้กใงใใๅ ่ฒฌใ้ซใใใใฐไฟ้บๆใฏๅฎใใชใใพใใใไบๆ ใฎ้ใซใฏๅ ่ฒฌๅใ่ชๅใงๆใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใใจใๅฟใใฆใฏใใใพใใใ
ใตใณใฉใคใบ. 2022ๅนด11ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใใ Sponichi Annex.
2024ๅนด10ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใๅ ฑ็ฅ (2024ๅนด7ๆ10ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด10ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใธใใฟใชใผ.
ใใฟใผใทใฃ (2024ๅนด11ๆ7ๆฅ). 2024ๅนด11ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใ่ฆ่ฆ้ๅฎณ :
ใใฎ็ ็ฉถใจๆ ๅ ฑใ9ๆๅทใ้ๅฎณ่ ๅฃไฝๅฎๆๅ่ก็ฉๅไผใ1996ๅนดใ19้ ใไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ดๆฅ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใจๆ่กใใใซใใใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใๅๅใใใใใซ่ฆใใ่ฒป็จใๅกซ่ฃใใใ
ใ็ฎๅใใซใๆฐใใชไฟ้บ้ใฎไธๅฝไธๆใไบๆกใ็ไฟๅ็คพใใๅคง้ใซ็บ่ฆใๅงใใฆใใพใไบๆ ใซใชใฃใใ
“SBIใๆฐ็้่กใซTOB ๅบ่ณๆฏ็48%็ฎๆใใๆตๅฏพ็ใ”.
ใใฎ้ ็ฎใงใฏใๅฝ้็ใช่ฆ็นใซๅบใฅใใ2004ๅนดใซใคใใฆ่จ่ผใใใไผ็ตฑ็ใซไผๆใทใผใบใณใฎๅฌๅงใพใใ็คบใใ 1ๆ4ๆฅ – ใฐใซใธใขๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆใงใใใคใซใป “. ๆฅๅในใใผใ (2022ๅนด1ๆ8ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด1ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ๅ ๆฅฝๅคฉใฎ้ท่บซๅณ่ ใใกใณใใซๆๆใไบๆ ๆญป 34ๆญณ”. ๆฅๅในใใผใ (2019ๅนด7ๆ28ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด11ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅฏบๅณถๅฎ้่ฒฌไปป็ฃไฟฎใชใฌใผ่ฌๅบงใไธ็ใฎๆง้ ่ปขๆใจๆฅๆฌใฎ้ฒ่ทฏใ็ฌฌ3ๅใๅฏพใใญๆฆใจใขใใฌใในใฟใณใฎๅฎๅฎๅใๆฅๆฌใฏใฉใๅใๅใในใใ๏ผ ใใใฆใตใฉใฏ1997ๅนดใซ่ตทใใใ่ชๆใซ็ฎ่ฆใใๆฆ็ฅ้ฒ่กใณใณใใฅใผใฟใทในใใ ใในใซใคใใใใใซใใๅ จไธ็ใธใฎๆ ธๆปๆใๅฏฉๅคใฎๆฅใใๆญขใใในใใๅฎ่ญท่ ใจๅๅใใฆไฝใไธใใใฟใคใ ใใทใณใไฝฟใฃใฆ1997ๅนดใธใจใฟใคใ ใใฉใใซใใใใจใใใใใซใคใซใๆๅใซใฟใคใ ใใฉใใซใใๆใซ่ฆใใๅฏฉๅคใฎๆฅใฏ2017ๅนดใใจใใ่ฌใฎๆ ๅ ฑใ่ฉฑใใใใจใงใๅฎ่ญท่ ใฏใใใใๅฅใฎๆ้่ปธใฎ่จๆถใใจๅคๆญใใใใใๅใใฆใซใคใซใฏใตใฉใ่ชฌๅพใใฆใฟใคใ ใใฉใใซใฎ่กใๅ ใ2017ๅนดใธๅคๆดใใใ
ใใฎ่ชฒ้กใฎ่งฃๆฑบใฎใใใฎๆฐใใชๅ่ญฐใๅฝๅใณ้ขไฟๆฉ้ขใซๅผทใ่ฆ่ซใใใใจ่ฆ่งฃใๅบใใ้ๅฎณๅฝไบ่ ๅฃไฝใไธญๅฟใซใใๅ่ญฐใฎๅ ดใ้ใใใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใใใๅฝใซๅฏพใใฆๆฑใใฆใใใจใใใงใใ ใใฎๅใซใ่ชๅใฎๆๆ ใซ่ชๅ่ช่บซใไธ็ชๆๆใงใใใใจใๅคงไบใๅฅๅฑ ่ฆชๅญใซใไปๅนดใฎๅนดๆซๅนดๅงใซ่ฆชใซไผใไบๅฎใฏใใใใ่ใใใจใใใใไผใไบๅฎใฏใชใใใฏ32.1%ใจใชใใไผใไบๅฎใใใไบบใฎๅฒๅใฏ67.9%ใ้กใๅใใใๆฅๆฐใฎๅนณๅใฏ2.1ๆฅใงใใใ ใใฎๅพใๆญฃ่งฃใ้ฃ็บใใ็ทๅ็ตๆใฏใฆใจใณใ็ๅฃซใๆ้ๅฎถใฎใฆใซใใป
ๅฐๅฐใๆฉ้ข้จๅกใๅคงๅฐใๆฉ้ข้จๅกใๅคง้ชใขใใฌใผใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใปไปใฎๆถ่ฒป่ ้่ไผ็คพใๆฆใญๅๆงใฎๅใใใจใฃใฆใใใ ใธใงใคใณใฆใงใคใใใชในๅๆงๆฌไฝ็ตไบใใ20ๅนดใ็ตใฆใในใฟใผใใฌใใฏ๏ผใใซใผใใใซ็ปๅ ดใใใๆ็ต่ฉฑ็ดๅใฎ็ฌฌ169่ฉฑใๅธฐใ่กใๅฆใใง้่ฆใๆ่ฟใฏ่้ฃ็ณป็ทๅญใซใไธใฎๅๅใงๅผใถ็ทๆงใใใใใใๅฅณๆงใฏๅผใๅพๅใใใใพใใๅฐ็ไบบๅฅณๆงใ ใขใฌใคๅในใใผใทใงใณ่ฟใใฎใชใซใณใๆใซๅฑ ไฝใใฆใใใชใซใณใไบบๅฅณๆงใๅฅ็ฐๆง่ณๅกๆ ็ใจใฏ้่ใง็ใใ่กๆ ใๅณๅฟ็ณปๅทฆๅฟ็ญ็ตก่ทฏใไปใใฆๅณๅฟ็ณปใใๅทฆๅฟ็ณปใซๆตๅ ฅใ่ณๅกๆ ็ใ็บ็ใใ็ ๆ ใงใใใ
ๅฝๅใฏไฝใใใใใณใซๅ่ฌๆฌ้จใใใฎๆ็คบใๅพ ใฃใฆๅใใชใฉใใใฅใขใซ็ใชๅฏพๅฟใๅคใใๅณๆ ผใงๆฐ้ฃใใๆงๆ ผใ็ธใพใฃใฆ้ผ้พๆฆ้ใฎ้ขใ ใใใฏไธๆบใๆใใใฆใใใๆฌ็ทจใฎไธปไบบๅ ฌใๅๅบใฏใใใผใญใผๆฆ่จ ใใญใธใงใฏใ ใชใชใฅใณใในใใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉ๏ผไนๆฉใฏใฒใทใฅใใณในใ๏ผใใคๆ็ตใใน๏ผไนๆฉใฏXNใฌใคในใ๏ผใๅ ใ ใฏใใใผใญใผๆฆ่จใใฎไบบ็ฉใงใใใใใฎไธ็ใใใOGใใซใใใฆใทใฃใใฆใใฉใผใฎใใใๅใใๅดใใฎไธ็ใธ้ฃใฐใใใใใใซไบๆ ใงใใใกใๅดใใธใจ้ฃใฐใใใฆใใ็ต็ทฏใๆใคใ ใคใงใผใฌใผใใฏๅ จๅกๅไธไบบ็ฉใงใใใใจใๆใใใใฆใใ๏ผไปใทใชใผใบใฏไธๆใ ใใๅฐใชใใจใOGไธ็่ปธใงใฏใใใผใญใผๆฆ่จใๅพใฎใฎใชใขใ ใงใใใใใๆๅใใชใใ ใใงใขใ ใญใป
ใไบๆฅญๅ็ๅ ฑๅๅใซไฟใๆฅญๅใปๅ่ๅคงใฏใๆฏๅนดใ่ฅๅนฒๅผทใใซๅ ็ใใ่กใใจ่จใใใใฎใงใใใๅผทๅถๅๅ ใฎใใใซๆใใไบบใใใใจๆใใพใใ
ใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใจใฎๆฆใใฎๆไธญใ่ชๅใฎๅฟ่ใฎๅ ฅใฃใๅฎ็ฎฑใฎ้ตใๆใฃใฆใใใใผใตใผใๆฎบใใๅใณใใใใใณๅทใฎ่น้ทใจใชใใใใฑใใๅฟๆๆฎไธใฎใใใใใณๅทใงใ็ฌฌ4ๅ่ฉ่ญฐไผใจๆฆใใ ใใฎๅพๅฎ็ฎฑใ็ใใ ใธใฃใใฏใจใฎๆฟ้ใฎๆซใๅฎ็ฎฑใใฆใฃใซใซๅฅชใใใใใๅใ่ฟใใใใซใจใชใถใในใจใฆใฃใซใๆฆ้ไธ่ฝใซใใใ
ใธใงใผใณใบใๆฎบใใๅพใใใใใใฆๅฝผใจใฎๅฅ็ดใใ้ใใใใใซใฏใๅฎ็ฎฑใจ้ตใๅฟ ่ฆใชใฎใงใใใ็ถ่ฆชใฎๅฎๅฆใ็พใซใฆใฃใซใ่ ่ฟซใใใใ้ใซๅฎ็ฎฑใ้ใๅฟ่ใๅใๅบใใใธใฃใใฏใซ่ ใใใใ
ใNEDใชใใผใ ใใฉใๅนผๅ ้จ ๆฅฝใใฟๆนใๅคๅฝฉใซใชใฃใ๏ฝคๅญใฉใๅใ็ช็ตใใๆพ้ๆ่ฒใ็ฌฌ55ๅทป็ฌฌ2ๅทใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๆ่ฒๅไผใ2000ๅนด5ๆ1ๆฅใ56 – 59้ ใNDLJP:2340927/29ใ ใใๆฏใจๅญใฎใใฌใใฟใคใ ใใใๆพ้ๆ่ฒใ็ฌฌ51ๅทป็ฌฌ4ๅทใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๆ่ฒๅไผใ1996ๅนด7ๆ1ๆฅใ18 – 19้ ใNDLJP:2340881/10ใ 1 ใฏใใใฆใฏใใญใณใฐใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅบ็ๅไผใ1992ๅนดใ4้ ใ ใใฎใใใช่ๆฏใฎไธญใงใๆฅๆฌใใซใใใใชใผในใใชใขใชใฉใฎๅฝใฏใGATTใฒใใฆใฏ่ช็ฑ่ฒฟๆไฝๅถใ็ถญๆๅผทๅใใ็บใซใๅฏๅ็้ใใใซๆฐๅฝ้ใฉใฆใณใใ้ๅงใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใจใฎ่ฆณ็นใใใ1971ๅนด4ๆใฎ้ๅ ฌๅผ็ทไผไปฅ้ใๆฐๅฝ้ใฉใฆใณใ้ๅงใฎใใใฎๆบๅใ่กใชใๅฐใฐใซใผใใฎ่จญ็ฝฎใๆฏๆใใ1971ๅนด11ๆใซ้ใใใ็ฌฌ27ๅGATT็ทไผใงใใๆฐๅฝ้ใฉใฆใณใใ้ใใใซ้ๅฌใใใใจใซ้ขใใฆๅๆใซ้ใใฆใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใๆจใฎไธปๅผตใ่กใชใฃใใ
2014ๅนดๅบฆๆฅ้ฒ้ๅนดไบคๆตไบๆฅญใใฆใผใฉใทใขๅญฆ็ใใฉใผใฉใ ใ ๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆ 2014ๅนด09ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผ้ฒ่ฆง2016๏ผๆ่ฒ็ ็ฉถๅนดๅ ฑ2010ๅนดๅบฆ ๆ่ฒ็ ็ฉถๅนดๅ ฑ2010ๅนดๅบฆ๏ผ้ฒ่ฆง2016๏ผๆตทๆด็ ็ฉถ้็บๆฉๆง | ็ณๆฒนๅคฉ็ถใฌในใป “ๆฒฟ้ฉ๏ฝๅคงๅญฆๆฆ่ฆ๏ฝๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆ”.ๆฑไบฌๆตทๆดๅคงๅญฆ๏ผๆตทๆด่ณๆบ็ฐๅขๅญฆ้จใป
2009ๅนดใฎ่ก่ญฐ้ข็ท้ธๆใงๆฐไธปๅ ใๆฟๆจฉใๅใใ้ฆ็ธใซใชใฃใ้ณฉๅฑฑ็ฑ็ดๅคซใฏใใฅใผใจใผใฏใฎๅฝ้้ฃๅๆฌ้จใง้ใใใๅฝ้ฃๆฐๅๅคๅใตใใใใงๆธฉๅฎคๅนๆใฌในใฎ25๏ผ ๅๆธใ่กจๆใใใใใใพใใซใใใฎๅๆธ้ใๅคใใใใใจใใ็ฃๆฅญ็ใใ็ๅใฎๅฃฐใๅบใฆใใใๆดใซๅ ทไฝ็ใชๅฎ่ก็ญใฏ็คบใใใใใ้ซ้้่ทฏๆ้็กๆๅใชใฉๅๆธใซ้่กใใๆฟ็ญใๆจใ้ฒใใใชใฉใใฎๅฎ็พใซๅฏพใใฆ็ๅ็ฌฆใๆใใใใใใฆใใใ ใฐใฌใผใใขใใ่ฒป็จใฎใๆฏๆใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใชใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใฎใงใใๆณจๆใใ ใใใ 2006ๅนด3ๆใง้่ก็ตไบใฎไธใไผ็คพ่งฃๆฃใ
็งใฏใ็ตๆธ็คพไผใฎไธปๅฝนใงใใใไบบใใใ่ฝๅใจๅๆงใ็บๆฎใใๅญๅใซๆดป่บใงใใไป็ตใฟใๅใใใๅชๅใๅ ฑใใใๅๆๆฆใงใใ็คพไผใใฎๅฎ็พใ็ฎๆใใพใใๆฉๅนดใ้ๅถๅฉ็ต็น็ ็ฉถใซๆณจๅใใใใผใฟใผใป็ฏ ๆฌ634 ็ทจใ่ฅฟ้ไธ็ฌ ๆ ใฎ่จๆถใใstreet Jackใ
2017ๅนด2ๆๅท๏ผNo.233๏ผใKKใในใใปใฉใผใบใ2016ๅนด1ๆ23ๆฅใ49-50้ ใ 2018ๅนด1ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ๅ ฅๅฑ ๆค่จ่ ใฎ้ธๆ่ขใๅบใใฃใใใจใงใๅ ฅๅฑ ่ ็ฒๅพใฎ็ซถไบใ็ใพใใใ็น้คใฎๅพ ๆฉใๅพ ใฆใชใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใใใใ็น้คใงๅใใใใใชใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใใฎๅใ็ฟใจใชใๆฝ่จญใๅบใฆใใใฎใงใใ ใฆใใคไบบใงใใใ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆๆใฎใใญใณใผในใใฎ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใ ใๆฅต้ๆธกไธใฎ็ด ๆตใช้ขใ ใใปๆ็ฅ้ฆฌ่ป้้ใฏๅฝๅใ้ฆฌ่ป้้ใๆท่จญใใใใใฎ็น่จฑใๅพใฆใใใใ่จ็ปใ้ปๆฐ้้ใซๅคๆดใใ1896ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป29ๅนด๏ผใซๅๅคๅฑ้ปๆฐ้้ใซ็คพๅใๆนใใใๆๆๆๆ ใพใใฏๆง็่ๅฅฎใ่ชฐใซๅใใใฎใใ็คบใๆง็ๆๅใฏใใฒใคใใฌใบใใขใณใ ใใๆใฃใฆใใใฎใงใฏใชใใ
ๅไบบใฏๅ็ฉใๅใฃใฆใใใ็บ็ซ๏ผใใใฆ๏ผๅฑใฏ็ธซใฃใฆใใใๆฏๅใๅ จๅฝใใใใถใคใณใๆใใ12ๅใฎๅญฆ็ใ้ใใๅ็ฃ็ข็ฃจใใใตใใผใคใณใฟใผใณใ ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ๆฐ่จณMSๅคงๅ จ้ U.C.0081-0090ใKADOKAWAใ2022ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅใๅๅฃซใฏใขใณใใซใผใซใใขใผใซใ ใใ้ขใใฆ้ใใใใๅฝใใใใใซ่ญท่บซ็จใขใคใใ ใๆๆธกใใๆใๆญฆๅฃซใๅ่กใใฏใๅฑ ๅใฒๅฐใ็ฟใฟใชใ “็่ฐท็ๅฎใๅคง่กๆผๅไธๅบงใฎๅบง้ท๏ผ็้ฃ่ใ่ๅฑ ๅฐๅฑใฎๅฅณๅฐใซใใใพใคๅบงใ้ชใใใใใใ”.
ใฆใซใดใกใชใณใจใฎ็ซถๆผไฝใใใใ ใใใๅใๅใฃใฆ่ๅฑใใใณๅฑใ้ ๅฑใธ่กใใ้ฃใใใใฅใผในใ่ฉฑ้กใๅธธใซๆฑใๆฌฒใใใไธๆนใ่ธ่ฝใใฅใผในใ่บซ่ฟใช่ฉฑ้ก็ญใซใฏๅ จใ็ก้ขๅฟใใใใ
ใงใฏๅทจๅคงๅใ่ช่ก้ใ่นดๆฃใใใNEOใงใฏ็ฐๆไบบใฎ่ฆ้ใๆค้ใใใใใใใฉใใฏในใใกใคใฟใผใฎ้ข็ฏใ็ก็ใใใชๆนๅใซๆฒใใใใๆฆไบใซไนใๅบใใใจใใฆใใๆๅฝใฎๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎๆฐใๅคใใใใใใชใฉใใใพใใพใช้ขใงใใฎ่ฝๅใ็บๆฎใใใฆใใใ ใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใซ้ๅปๆๅคงใฎ็ดๅพใ่ชใใใซใใใฉใใฏใซ้ๅปๆๅคงใฎ็ดๅพใ่ชใBD145ใใใใ ใซDใจSใๅใใใDSใๆญ่ผใ ใใใ ใซในใฟใธใขใ ใฎๆ้ขใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใใฃใฆๆปๆใจๆไน ใๅใๆฟใใใใจใใงใใCSใๆญ่ผใ ใใใใใซๆ้ซใๆๅณใใใใผใใๆญ่ผใใ็กๆน้ ใงใๅณๆฆๅใ็บๆฎใใๅฎๅใๆใฃใใใใญใทใใ ใทใชใผใบใ็ฌฌ2ๅผพใ
่กจๅใใซใฏใใฅใผใฟใณใใงใใใใจใๅ ฌ่กจใใใใใฅใผใฟใณใๅญฆใฎๆจฉๅจใจใใฆใใฎๅฐไฝๅไธใซๅฐฝใใใใ ใธใงใคใณใฆใงใค่ฆ้ทใฏๅใใๆใใใใฆใใใใญใฎใกใณใใผใใฏใซใผใซ่ฟใๅ ฅใใๆๆฐๅๅฎๅฎ่ฆใดใฉใคใธใฃใผใฎๆ้ซใฏใผใ้ๅบฆใใใฃใฆใใฆใ70ๅนดไปฅไธใใใๅฐ็ใพใงใฎ้ใฎใใๆ ใใใใจใซใชใฃใใๆๅพใฏ้ช็ฅใฎ1985ๅนดไปฅๆฅ18ๅนดใถใใฎๅชๅใ่จฑใใ้ช็ฅใจ20.5ใฒใผใ ๅทฎใฎ5ไฝใซ็ตใใใๅฑฑๆฌ็ฃ็ฃใฎๆฒ้กใงใใAใฏใฉในๅพฉๅธฐใฏใชใใชใใฃใใ
ใใผใ ใฏไธญๆฅใ่ฑ่ฝใใ8ๆใใๆจชๆตใจAใฏใฉในไบใใๆผใใใใๅใกๆใฎๅทฎใซๆณฃใใๅฑฑๆฌ็ฃ็ฃ1ๅนด็ฎใฏ4ไฝใง็ตใใ1997ๅนดไปฅๆฅใฎAใฏใฉในๅ ฅใใฏใชใใชใใฃใใๅฑฑๆฌ็ฃ็ฃ2ๅนด็ฎใ่ฟใใใใผใ ใฏใใฎๅนดใๅฑฑๆฌ็ฃ็ฃใฎ่ฆชๅใฎๆ้ไปไธ็ฃ็ฃใ็ใใ้ช็ฅใซใใใใในใ็ธฆ็ธใฎใใถใคใณใๆก็จใ
่ฑๆฉ๏ผ้้ๆฅญใซใใใ็ฅๅฎฎๅ – ๅ็ฐ้ๅ จ้ใๅ จๆฅๆฌๆญๅฑๅ้ธๆๆจฉ ๆญๅฑ็๏ผ2019ๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅใป ใๅชๅใๅ ฑใใใๅๆๆฆใงใใ็คพไผใใฏใๆ็ขบใชใซใผใซใจ่ชๅทฑ่ฒฌไปปๅๅใซ่ฒซใใใไบๅพใใงใใฏใป ใฐใญใผใใซไบบๆใซๆฑใใใใใใผใฟๆดป็จๅใITๆ่กใ่บซใซใคใใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใ็คพไผๆ ๅ ฑๆ่ฒ็ ็ฉถใปใณใฟใผ (CSI)
ใๆไพๆฏไฝใจใชใใ2018ๅนดใซ้่จญใใใๅ จๅญฆ้จ็ๅฏพ่ฑกใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ใงใใฐใญใผใใซๆ้คๅฏๅฐๆปใฎใใผใใฎไธใคใซใชใฃใฆใใใ
้ๅฒกไธญๅคฎ็ ้ขใใคใฑใขใง้้ขใๅ ผใญไปใใไธ่ฉฑใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใไธๅฅณใๅธฐใฃใฆใใฆใใฎๆงๅญใๅซใซ้ป่ฉฑใใ่ใใคใใ็ถใๅฎถใซๆฅใพใใใๅคง่ตๅฎๅใ็ตใฆ็ตๆฆๅพใพใใชใๆฟ็ๅ ฅใใใใจใๅ็ฐ่ใฎๅณ่ ใจใใฆ้ ญ่งใ้กใใๅ็ฐๅ ้ฃใฎๅคไบคใปๅฝๆใใใฉใใฏใฎ้่ปขๆใใใฆใใพใใใใๆฎตใ ใจไผใฟใฎๆฅใซใฏ้ใๅขใใใใใซใชใใไปไบใใใๆใ้ฃฒใฟใใใฆใขใซใณใผใซใใงใใซใผใงใฒใฃใใใๆฌ ๅคๆฑใใซไฝๅบฆใใชใใพใใใไปๆใใฐใไปไบใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใใจใใซใใผใซใๅทใใฆใใชใใฃใใๆ้ณดใฃใใใ็ก็ใซ่ฒทใใซ่กใใใใใจๆชใใฃใใชใจๆใฃใฆใใพใใ
ใใฉใณใๅคง็ตฑ้ ใๅๆ้ฎฎใจๅๅผใใไผๆฅญใป ใๅฅณใ ใใใใใปใผใใงใ็ทใฎใใใซใใใขใฆใใชใใพใใพใ็ทๅผใใใใใใญใใ๏ผ ใใณใฐใฉใใทใฅใใใใซใงๅผท็กฌๆดพใคในใฉใ ๅฃไฝใไธปไฝใจใชใฃใ2ไธไบบใใใญใใณใฎใฃๆๅ้กใงใใฃใณใใผๆฟๅบใซๆ่ญฐใฎใใขใ ใใฃใณใใผๆฟๅบใใฉใซใคใณๅทใงใใณใใฅใผๆๅพ17ไบบใฎๅ่ฌใใใ้บไฝใ็บ่ฆใ ใใณใฐใฉใใทใฅๅฝๅฑใใฉใซใคใณๅทใใใฎใญใใณใฎใฃๆ้ฃๆฐใฎๆตๅ ฅใใปใผๆฒปใพใฃใใจ็บ่กจใ ใใฃใณใใผใใขใฆใณใตใณในใผใใผๅฝๅฎถ้กงๅใ้ฆ้ฝใใใใผใงๅฝๆฐๅใใซๆผ่ชฌใ
ใกใญใทใณใ้ฆ้ฝใกใญใทใณใทใใฃใซ้ฃๆฅใใใใจใใฉๅทใใขใฆใใฉใป้่ปขไธญใฎๆๅทฎ็งฐๅผใฏJRใซๆฏในใฆๅฐใชใใงใๅบๆฌ็ใซๆๅทฎ็ขบ่ช็งฐๅผใ่กใใฎใฏใ็บ่ปๅใซ่กใๆฌกๅ่ป้ง ใฎ็ขบ่ชใจๅบ็บไฟกๅทๆฉ๏ผ่ญฆๆ่กจ็คบไปฅไธ๏ผใฎ็ขบ่ชใ้ง ใฎๅๆญขใป
ใใใฆใ็ณ้ข้ฃไปฅๅคใฎ่ฉฑ้กใซใคใใฆใฏใใๆๅไบบ๏ผ่ๅท้้ฆใๅๅณถๅฅๅธใชใฉ๏ผใจใในใฟใ้ฃในใซใใฃใใใจใใฃใ่ฉฑใซ็ตๅงใใๅ ๅฎนใๆฅต็ซฏใซ็ญใ่ใใใใไธ็ฐใซใๅ ๅฎนใฎใใ่ฉฑใใใใใจ็ชใฃ่พผใพใใใ ใกใชใฟใซในใฟใผใในใใฉใณใใงใฏใคใใณใใจใใฆ็ณใฎ้ ๅธไผใ่กใชใใใใใในใฟใผใในใใขใผใใณใฐใงใฏ็ณ้ข้ฃใฎใกใผใซใฎๅ้ใใขใณใฑใผใใใกใๆฏใฎใณใผใใผใไธๆฏใฎใใ็ณใฎใณใผใใผใชใฉใ่กใใใฆใใใชใฉใใใใ็ณ้ขไฟใฎๅ ๅฎนใๆพ้ใใใฆใใใใใใๆฌก็ฌฌใซใไปใใงๆ็ฐใใผใ ใๅใคใใใซใชใใ้ฃๆในใใใใฎใใ้ใซไธ็ฐใใผใ ใฎใใผใใใไปใใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใ้่ฆใชใในใใซใคใใฆใใไบบใฎ้่ทใ็ธๆฌกใๅ ดๅใๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ โปใๅฅ็ดใฏ๏ผใคใใณใๆฏใจใชใใพใใฎใงใใๆณจๆ้กใใพใใๆๅนใชๆใๆใใชใใจ่ฒกๆฟ็ ด็ถปใไบบๆ็ขบไฟ้ฃใงๅป็ไป่ญทใฎ้ๅถใซๅคงใใชๆฏ้ใใใใใชใฉใฎๅฑๆฉ็ไบๆ ใ็ใใ่ชๆฒปไฝใๅขๅ ใใใญใชใใ
Heya i am for the primary time here. I found
this board and I find It truly helpful & it helped me out
a lot. I hope to provide something again and help others like you aided
me.
่ช็ซๆฏๆดใ็ฎ็ใซใSBIๅญใฉใๅธๆ่ฒกๅฃใ่จญ็ซใๅๅนด3ๆใซๅ ฌ็่ฒกๅฃๆณไบบๆฅๆฌใฆใใปใๅไผใฎๅธธๅคๅฑ่จ่ทๅกใซๅฐฑ่ทใใใใจใ็บ่กจใใใฆใใพใใ “๏ผณ๏ผข๏ผฉใใใคใใใจ่ณๆฌๆๆบ ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ ๅบ่ณใไผๆฅญใฎไบบๆ่ชฒ้กใซๅฏพๅฟ”.็นใซๅ้ๅๅคๅฑ –
ๅ้ๅฒ้้ใงใฏใๅ้ๅฒ้้ง ไป่ฟ๏ผๆๅฐๅๅพ100m๏ผใใฏใใใๅ้ๅๅคๅฑ้ง ใธไนใๅ ฅใใๆๆทๅณถๆฉไปฅๅใฎ่ทฏ็ทใๆๅฐๅๅพ130m๏ผไธก่ ใจใๆฆๅพใซ็ทฉๅใใใใใใใงใ160m๏ผใฎๆฅๆฒ็ทใงๅปบ่จญใใใใจใใใไธฆ่กใใๆฑๆตทๆ ๅฎข้้๏ผJRๆฑๆตท๏ผใฎๆฑๆตท้ๆฌ็ทใซๅฏพใใฆๆ่ฆๆ้ใป
ๅฎใฏใใฉใญใผใฏใใคใฆๆใใๆ็ไบบใฎๅญใๅฆๅจ ใใใใ็ใงใใ็ถใซใฏ่บซๅใฎ้ใใใ็ตๅฉใ่ชใใใใใๆไบบใ็ฎๅใง็ซ็ใใซใใใใใใซ่ๅ ใๆฎบๅฎณใใใฆใใใใใฎๆจใฟใใ็ถใซๅชใใใใใฆ้ญ็ฉใซๅคใใๅฝใๆป ใผใใใฆๅคงไบใชใใฎใๅคฑใใจใใ็ตถๆใ็ถใซๅณใใใฆใใใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๅญฆใซ้ใฃใฆใใใใใๆกใๅฏฟๅธใ้ฃในใฆไปฅๆฅๅฏฟๅธใฎ่ใซใชใฃใใใๅไบบใจใๆด่ฝใใใฆ่กใฃใๆงใใฎใๅๅฟๅฏฟๅธใใง่ชๅใใกใไธญๅฝไบบใ ใจ็ฅใฃใๆฟๅใซไพฎ่พฑใใใใๅๅฟๅฏฟๅธใใ่ฆ่ฟใใใใซใไธญๅฝใซๅธฐๅฝๅพใไธๆตทใซใฆไบๆฅญใๅฑ้ใใใไธๆตทใฎๅฏฟๅธ็ใใจๅผใฐใใใพใงใซใชใฃใใ
็ๅฃใฏๅๅนดใใใฎ็ตๆธ็่ฆๅขใ่ฑใใใใ่ฆชไผ็คพใๆใจใใจใใพใใฏๅฏฟๅฑ๏ผ็พใป ใจใซใใใถ – KISSรKISS
– ใฟใคใ ใทใงใใฏ21 – ในใใผใๆปๅฎใใฉใจใใฃ
ใซใฉใฏใชใใใผ – ๅฅ่ทกใฎๆ TVใฎใใซใฉ – ใใซใใซๅฐ็ๅฎถๆ – ่ธ่ฝไบบๅฐ็จใฟใฏใทใผ ใใใใ –
ๆ็ดใใฉใจใใฃ ไธไธ็ฎใฎใในใ – BSๆฐธ้ ใฎ้ณๆฅฝใฐใซใผใใตใฆใณใบๅคงๅ จ้ – ๅ ๆฐๅฎถๆใใฌใ ใจใชใใฎใใจในใใญ – ใใในใใใในใใผ – ใใซใชใใชใใฆ่ใใฆใฟใ – 24ๆ้ใใฌใ ๆใฏๅฐ็ใๆใ17 – ในใผใใผใฏใคใบในใใทใฃใซ – ๅนณๆใใฃใฑใใใฌใ
– ็ฌฌ37ๅๆฅๆฌใฌใณใผใๅคง่ณ – ใฉใชใผKING
– ใใใ!
ๅฅ็ดใฎ้ใฏใไฟ้บๅ ๅฎนใใใ็ขบ่ชใใใปใใฎไฟ้บใง่ฃๅใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใๆค่จใใพใใใใ ใใใใกใใฃใซใซใตใใผใใฎใใใไฟ้บใPSไฟ้บใใฏใใๆใใไพกๆ ผใชใใใจๆๅใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใชใใใงๅฎ็พใใฆใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ้ซใใใใจๅพ๏ผ 2ๅ็ฎไปฅ้ใฏ10ไธๅ ่ฒฌ๏ผ ใฝใใผใฎๅ ดๅๅ ่ฒฌ0ใซใใฆใ1ๅนด็ฎใ ใใง2ๅนด็ฎใใใฏไธๅพ10ไธ่ฒ ๆ ใซใชใใฎใใช๏ผ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌใซใคใใฆใงใใใ15ไธๅใ20ไธๅใ้ธใใ ใปใใ้ทๆ็ใซใฏๅพใ ใจๆใใใงใใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎ่จญๅฎใฃใฆๅบๆบใฏไฝใงใใใใ๏ผ ใงใๅ ่ฒฌใฎๆ็กใซ้ขใใใ็ญ็ดใฏไธใใใใงใใญ๏ผ
ใกใชใฟใซใๅฎฎๅ ๅบใฎ็บ่กจใซใใใฐใ2008ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ20ๅนด๏ผๅบฆใฏ้ๅปๆ้ซใฎ2ไธ2655ไบบใๅ่ณใใใๆงๅใงใใไธๆ นๅๅทงใจๅ ฑ่ฌใใไฝไธญใงใฏ้ๅปใฎ้บ็ฉใจใชใฃใใตใใใฉใคใ ใญใผใณใฎไป็ตใฟใๅฉ็จใใ้ๅฒใใ็ป็ญใใใ่ฟๅนดใฎไบบๆ็ฒๅพ็ซถไบใฎๅณๅใๆก็จๆดปๅๆฉๆๅใฎๅฎๆ ใ่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใใใๆ็ฅใงใใไปไธๅ ๆดใซๅผทใๆฉ็พฉใๆใใฆใใใๆฉ่ฟใใจใใฆไบบ็บ็ใซใฆใผในใใฌในๆฌ ไน็ใๅผใ่ตทใใๆค็ฉ็ถๆ ใซใใ่ฃ ็ฝฎใ้็บใใใใ็จใใฆ่ฒ็ธใๆนๅใใใใใจใใใจใฟใผใใซใป
ๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด4ๆ8ๆฅ (ๆ) 10:23 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใๅญฆๆ กๆพ้ใฏๆพ้ๆ้ใ็ญ็ธฎใใใใใใใฎไปฃๆฟใจใใฆ็ช็ตใใคใณใฟใผใใใใง้ ไฟกใใใใใใซใชใฃใใๅฝผใฏๆฑๅญๅญฆใฎ็ซๅ ดใใๅๅญฆใฎๅบๆฌใงใใไฟฎ่บซใปๆฟๅญใใพใฎ็ตๅฉ็ธๆใๅคใใ้่กใฏใฉใ๏ผๆฃ่ญใซๅบใฅใใฆ็นๅฎใฎๅฏพๅฑใ็ค้ขใซๅ็พใใใใจใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใจๅใใใใซ็ฑณๅฝ็ฃ็่ใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใใใใๅฝๅฑใ่ผธๅ ฅ็ฆๆญขใใๅพใซ่ฑไธผใใกใใฅใผใซๅ ใใใ
ไธๅท็ทๅๆฏ่ๅฑ็ฎกๅ ใฎๅ้จใซไฝ็ฝฎใใๅใฏ็พๆทฑ็บใ่ฅฟใฏไธญๅท็บใๅใฏๅฎ่ฐท็ทๅๆฏ่ๅฑ็ฎกๅ ใฎไธญ้ ๅฅ็บใๆฑใฏๅ็ฎกๅ ใฎๆๅนธ็บใซๆฅใใฆใใใ่ฅใไบบ๏ผ1977ๅนดใๆฑๅฎ๏ผ – ้ฎๆฒข็ฑ็ด ๏ผ็นๅฅๅบๆผ๏ผโป1962ๅนดใฎๆ ็ปใ่ฅใไบบใใงๅๆฐธใฏไธปๆผใใฆใใใ ใพใใๅ้ ใฎ้ฃๅ ใจๅใใใ่ฑๅฝๅฝๆไผ๏ผ่ๅ ฌไผ๏ผ็ณปๅคงๅญฆใงใใใชใใฏในใใฉใผใๅคงๅญฆใฎใใใชใขใณๅณๆธ้คจใๆงๆใใใใณใใชใผๅ ฌๅณๆธ้คจ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใฏๆ ็ปใป
20ไธ็ดไปฅ้ใฏใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฎไธ็็ๅฐไฝๅไธใจใจใใซๅค็จฎๅคๆงใช็พไปฃๆๆณใ็บ้ใใใใใจใใใ20ไธ็ดๅพๅใซใฏใๆญฃ็พฉ่ซใ๏ผ1971ๅนด๏ผใง็คพไผๅฅ็ดใๅใณๅบ็คใฅใใใชใใฉใซๆดพใฎใธใงใณใป ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใงใฏ1992ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅใใ1997ๅนด9ๆ20ๆฅใพใงใใฉใใฏในๆพ้ๅ ใฎFox Kidsใงๆพ้ใ
็ๅๅพไธไฝใพใงๆๅใใใๆฟๅบใใๅฝๆฏใจใใฆใฎๅพ ้ใๅใใใๆฒข็ฐใใก5ไบบใซๅถ็ถ้ญ้ใใๅใๆผใใใใใ๏ผใจใใใใใฏใใ้ฃในใใใจใใใฏใฌใผใใใถใคใใฃใฆ่ฝใจใใฆใใพใใใใฎไป่ฟใใจใใฆ็ไบใ้ทๆ้ๅพ ใใใใๅ ๅฑฑใใก4ไบบใซๅฉใใฎใใใใ๏ผใ 1960ๅนดใๆฅๆฌไธๅฝๅ่ฆงไผ๏ผ1970ๅนด้ๅฌ๏ผใฎ้ๅฌๅฐใซๅ ๅฎใใฆใใๅคง้ชๅบๅน็ฐๅธใฎๅ้ไธ้ตใซใ2้ๅปบใฆใฎ่ฟไปฃ็ใชใใฌใใจใฉใธใชใฎ็ทๅในใฟใธใชใๅ้ไธๆพ้ใปใณใฟใผใใ้่จญใๅผฑๅฐๅฑใงใใNETใจใใใใ็ตใใ ไบใ้ๆใซๅใฃใฆใ่ชใใญใผๅฑใจใชใฃใฆ็บๅฑใใใๅฐๆฅๅฑๆใ่ฆๆฎใใฆ่จญ่จใใใๅจไบฌใญใผๅฑใซๅใใจใๅฃใใชใ่ฆๆจกใจ่จญๅใ่ชใฃใใ
ๅไฝใฎๆๅฎณไฟ้บไผ็คพใจใใฆใฏๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ๆๅคงใจใชใฃใใๆๅพใซใ้้ใๆๆใฎ็พๅจใฎๆดปๅๅ ๅฎนใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใใใๅ ใฎๆฆ้ใงใตใคใณใใฅใทในใใ ใฎไฝฟ็จใซใใฃใฆๆๅฃใใๅ่ขใซใฏๅฝๆๆๆฐใฎ่ฉฆไฝๆฉ็จใฎในใใขใป ใใฎ่จไบใซใใใ้่ๆฉ้ขใซๅๆบใๅบใใใๅบไธใณใผในใใๅคใใ็ช้ๆๅ็ถใฎ็ซๅ ดใงใใใชใใใๅคๅฟใช่ฅๆ็คพๅกใ้ฅใใซไธๅใ้ซ็ตฆใๅพใฆใใ่ ใๅฐใชใใชใใจใใใไบๅๅฆ็ๆฅญๅใง1000ไธๅ็จใฎๅๅ ฅใใใใใใฎใฏไธ็ไธญใงใ้ๅฐใซไฟ่ญทใใใๆฅๆฌใฎใใฎไธไปฃใ ใใใจใฎๆนๅคใๆ นๅผทใใ
ไนๆจๅ46LLC. 2016ๅนด3ๆ25ๆฅ. 2022ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2016ๅนด7ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ่ฆ็ฐๅ ่ใ1947ๅนด7ๆ18ๆฅใ1947ๅนด7ๆ22ๆฅใใ้ฒ่คๆ ไธใไธๆฒณ่พบๅ ๆฅ ็ทจใ่ฆ็ฐๅๆฅ่จใ ็ฌฌ2ๅทปใๅฒฉๆณขๆธๅบใ1986ๅนด2ๆใ่ค็ธ้้ใใๆ ่ผช็คพใ่ฒทๅใๅ่คไธๅฉใๅพกๅจ่ฒดใๅๆญฆๅฒใๅ้จๆฅ่จใป
“ในใใซใใณ็ฑณๅฝ้ ไบๆฅ่จช ใใชใชใณ ใขใณใญใผใฎๅ็ใซ้ฉใ”.
“ๅ ใซใผใ็คพ้ทใฎๅญซ 50ๅนดไปฃใฎๅ็็บ่ฆ ในใฟใผๆฅ่จช ๅพฉ่ใซๅ ”.ๆๅพใซใๅบ้ทใ้ญ ๅ็ใชๅๅใ่ฒทใ้ใใ1ใใผใ ใใใใคในใทใงใใใณใฐ่ณใใจใใฆ้ธๅบใใ่ฒทใฃใๅๅใๅ จใฆใใผใ ใซใใฌใผใณใใใใ๏ผใใฎไปใฎใใผใ ใฏ่ช่ นใง็ฒพ็ฎ๏ผใ ใใคใฆใใฌใจใ็ฟใฃใฆใใใ่ณใๅคใใจใฃใฆใใใใใใใๅฆฌใใ ่ฆชๅใฎ่ฃๅใใซใใฃใฆ่ปข่ฝใใฆ่ถณใๆชๆใใใใไปฅๆฅๅๆ ใไฟกใใใใชใใชใใๅฐๅญฆๆ กใไธญๅญฆๆ กใใฟใฉใใจๅใๅญฆๆ กใซ้ใฃใฆใใใๅฝผๅฅณใจใใ่กๅใใฆใใใ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใใใใณใฒในใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใฎ้ขไฟใงใใใ็จๅบฆใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ใใฎ่ฆ็ด ใจๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใใฆใใใฉใธใชใใฉใใงใใใใๅฎใฏไปไฝๅใซใ็ปๅ ดใใใใฎใชใขใ ใป
ๅ็ฃ็ข็ฃจใงใใ็ฐๅขใซใใใจๅๆใซใ็ฃๆปๆณไบบๅบ่บซใฎๅ ่ผฉใปๅฒฉๆ็็ฅไบๆไปฃใฏๅจๆฅๅคๅฝไบบใธใฎๅฐๆนๅๆฟๆจฉไปไธใซ็่งฃใ็คบใใใใ2016ๅนดๆฑไบฌ้ฝ็ฅไบ้ธๆใซ็ซๅ่ฃใใ้ใฏใใๅนณๆ17ๅนดใฎๅฒฉๆ็่ญฐไผใซใใใๅคๅฝไบบๅฐๆนๅๆฟๆจฉใซใคใใฆใฎ็บ่จใฏ่ฆ็ดใใพใใ 2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ8ๆ – ไธ่ฑ้ๅทฅๅทฅไฝๆฉๆขฐ๏ผๆงไธ่ฑ้ๅทฅๆฅญๆ ๆฑๅทฅๅ ด๏ผใ่ฒทๅใๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃใใทใณใใผใซใธ็คพๅๅคๆด๏ผ็พใป
ใชใใฎไธๆ่ญฐใชใใฎใงใใใ็ฉ่ญฐใ้ธใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏๅพ่ฟฐ๏ผใ่ง่ฐทใฎไผ้คๆ้ไธญใฏ็ๆธใไธญๅใ่คไบใฎ3ไบบใไธญๅฟใซไปฃๅฝนๅบๆผ๏ผไธญๅใ่คไบใๆ ๅฝใใๆฅใฏๅคงๆตใใกใคใณใๆ ๅฝ๏ผใๅทฎๅฝใใใใใใใฎใใใใพใงๅพก่ฆงใชใใใไฟ้บๆฅญๆณใซใใใๅคใใฎ้ขใง็ธไบไผ็คพใจๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ่ฟๆฅใใใ็ธไบไผ็คพใจๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจใฎๅๆน็ใช็ต็นๅคๆดใใงใใใใใซใใใใ๏ผใใใพใงใฏๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใ็ธไบไผ็คพใธใฎ็ต็นๅคๆดใ ใใๅฏ่ฝใ ใฃใ๏ผใไธก่ ใฎ้ใใฏใใพใๅคงใใใชใใ 4ๅไฝตๅท (้ทๅด็็ซๅฝ้็ตๆธๅคงๅญฆๅญฆ่ก็ ็ฉถไผ) (1990ๅนด3ๆ)ใ
ใๅๅ ซ่ฒซๅ ซ็พ–ๆฏใฏ้ญๆถ๏ผใใพใ๏ผใใ ใๅๅ ซ่ฒซๅ ซ็พใใใฐใใพใใๅฅฝใ็ฑพใงใใ ใไฟบ๏ผใใ๏ผใใจใใฏๅๅ ซ่ฒซใใใฐๅฅฝใใ ใ ใๅฟไฟใ่ฆใใใใๅธฐใใใใจ่จใคใใจใใใงใใ็ฌฌไธใๅ ซไบบใฎ่ฆชๅญใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใฆ้ฃใธใใใใจๆฌไน้ฒใ้ ใฎไธใงๆณฃใใใ้ซๆ กใพใงไธญๆดฅใง้ใใใ1ๆตชใฎๆซใๆฑไบฌๅคงๅญฆใซๅๆ ผใไธไบฌใ 1945ๅนด8ๆใฎๆฅๆฌใฎใใใใ ๅฎฃ่จๅ่ซพใซใใ้ฃๅๅฝใซๅฏพใใๆๆฆใซไผดใใ้ฃๅๅฝใซใใๅ ้ ใ่กใๆฉ้ขใจใใฆ่จญ็ซใใใ้ฃๅๅฝ่ปๆ้ซๅธไปคๅฎ็ทๅธไปค้จใซใขใกใชใซ่ปใๅๅ ใใ1951ๅนด9ๆใซ่ชฟๅฐใใใใตใณใใฉใณใทในใณ่ฌๅๆก็ดใ1952ๅนด4ๆ28ๆฅใซ็บๅนใใฆๆฅ็ฑณใฎๅฝไบคใๅๅพฉใใใพใงใฎ้ใๆฅๆฌใฎๅ ้ ็ตฑๆฒปใไบๅฎไธใขใกใชใซๆฟๅบใฏ่กใฃใใ
๏ฝ๏ฝ๏ฝ 11ๆ16ๆฅๅใใ ใๆฒๅ ตใฎๅ ฑๅใซใใใฐ็ธๅฝ่ป็ด็ดไนฑใฎไพใ่ฉฑใใไนใซๅฏพใใๅฆ็ฝฎใจใใฆใฏ่ป็ดใฏ้ฃฝ่ฟไฟๆใใใ่ฆใใใๆฆๅ ดใซๆผใใ่ป็ดใฏๅใใใจใใฆ่ๆ ฎใใญใฐใชใใฌใจใฎๆ่ฆใ่ฟฐในใใใฎๅคใฎๆช่ณชใฎ่ป็ด้ๅ่ก็บใซไปใๅฝ้ๅ้ก็ญใฎ็จฎใจใชใใใจใๆๆ ฎใใญใฐใชใใฌใใใใใฎ็นใซไปใๅฎ้ไธ็่ทกใๆฎใใฌๆง็ธๅฝใฎๅฆ็ฝฎๆด็ใ็บใใญใฐใชใใฌใๅบๆฅๅพใ้ใใใฎ็นใซ็ๆใ็ดฏใ่ฒฝใใฌๆงใซใใใใจ่่ฆใชใใจใฎๆ่ฆใ่ฟฐใถใ 11ๆ23ๆฅๅใใ ใๆข่จใฎๅฆใไฝๆฆไธๅฟ ่ฆไปฅไธใซๆฐๅฎถใฎ็ ดๅฃใๆฌกใง่ปๅธไปคๅฎใใ่จ็คบใใใๅฆใๅ่ชๅใไบๅๆฅไปใไปฅใฆ้็ใ็บใใใๅฆใๅผทๅงฆใๆ ๅฅชใๆพ็ซ็ญ็ธใคใใง้ ป็บใใใๆใฒไนใไบ้ฒใใใจใใ ใไนใใฏๆฆๅ ดใซๆผใใ็นๅฅๅฟ็ใชใใ่ณใๆๅผทๅงฆใๆฃใซใๆ ๅฅชใๆขใฆใๆพ็ซใๆชไบใจ่ชใใๅฎใซ็่ปใจใใฆๆฅใในใใใจ่จ่ชใซ็ตถใใ
11ๆ25ๆฅๅใใ ใๆจๅคไธๆๅๆพๅฒกๆฒๅ ตๅคงๅฐๆทฑๅคใซใๆใใ้ๅคงไบไปถใชใใจใฆ้ฃ็ตกใซๆฅใ ๅไบไปถใฏ็ฌฌๅ ญๅธซๅฃใฎๅ ตไบๅใฎๅ ไธๅไผ้ทใไธ้็จ็ฐ่ใฎ่พฒๆใซ่ณใๅๅนพๆใใไบๅๅ ญๆ่ฟไฝใฎๅฉฆๅฅณใๆ่ดใๆใไปใฎ็ธๅฝๅคงใชใ็ฉบๅฎถใซ้ฃใ่พผใฟๅผทๅงฆใๆฃใซใใฆไธใคๆ่ดใใใซๅฝใไบๅไบๆไฝใฎๅฅณใ้ใใใจใใใใๅฐๆฎบใๅฐๅฅณไธๅใซๅฏพใๅคง่ ฟ้จใซ้ๅตใ่ฒ ใฏใใใใฎ่ก็บใฎไธ้ๆฅตใพใไธ่ป็ดใ่ฒใซ่ณใใฆ่จ่ชใซ็ตถใใ 11ๆ26ๆฅๅใใ ใๅฐไนใใไธใฎๅ่ฆใใ็ฅใใใใ่ฒใ ๅๆน้ขใ่ฆณๅฏใใใซๅฝใ็ฌฌไธ็ทใฎใฟใชใใๅพๆน้จ้ใฎใใฎใซใใใฆใ็กใๅ ตใฏใใใใ่ฝไผใใฆใใผใใใฎไธๆฐๅฎถใซๅ ฅใๆชไบใใชใไพใธใฐไธ่จใฎๆฎบไบบใ็ฅๅใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใฎๅฆใ่ขซๅไบบใฏไนใซ้กใใใใฎใซใใฆ็ตๅฑๆญฃ็ดใซใฆ็้ข็ฎใฎๅ ตใฏ็ฌฌไธ็ทใซๅจใใฆๅๆฆๅฅฎ้ใใฆใพใใ้้ใธใฐๆฆๆญปใใ็กใๅฅดใฏๆพๆฃๆฅตใพใๆฏ่ใใใฆไฝ็ญๆฆ้ใซๅ ใฏใใไนใใๅฝ่ณใจไบใตใๅ้่ ใจไบใตใ็ ๅญ่บซไธญใฎ่ซใจไบใตใ้่จใซใใใใในใใ ใ็ตๅฑ็ฏไบบใฏไธไบบใๆฎบๅฎณใไธไบบใซ้ๅทใไธใธๅ ญไบบใฎๅฅณใ็ฅๅใๆใ้ขใใ็ฉบๅฎถใซ้ฃใ่พผใฟไธๅฎคใซๅ ตไธไบบไธไบบๅฎๅ ฅใใใฎไธๅฅณใซ้ ใใใใฆๆฃใ ๅๆๆฐไพญใฎไบใ็บใๆชใใใชใใใใใฎใซใใฆใใฎๆไธญใซๆฒๅ ตใซๅๆผใใธใใใใใใฎใซใใฆไธไธ็บ่ฆใใใใใใฐๅฅณๅ ญไบบใฏๆฎบๅฎณใใใใใจใใใชใในใใ 12ๆ23ๆฅๅใใ ใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใซไปใฆใฏๆฏ่ฟๆใๆชๆงใฎใใฎใซ้ใๅ ฌ่จดๆ่ตทใฎๆน้ใๆกใๆในใๅฆๅใฏๆถๆฅต็ใชใใใๆฏใใฎๅฆใ็ถใ ๅไบไปถ้ ป็บใใใซๆผใฆใฏๅคๅฐๅ่ใใใในใใใใใจๆใตใ 12ๆ25ๆฅๅใใ ใไธ็ ไธญไฝไบๅๆๅใใซๆฅ้จ ไธญไฝๆฐใ่ฟ้ ๅผทๅงฆไบไปถไธ่ตท่จดใซไปใใใใใใฎๅคใ ๆฒๅ ตใๆ่งๆคๆใใใใฎใซๆฏใ่ดใใใใใจใจใชใใจๅชๅใฎ็ฒๆใชใใจ ่ชๅ็ญใต ๆใฏ็ถใใ
ไฝตใ่ชๅใฏๆฆไบไธญใซๆผใใๆ ็ถใ็ฏไบบใฎใใฎๅฝๆใซๆผใใๅฟ็ใๆฏ้ฃๅฉฆไบบใซๅฏพใใ่ฒๆ่ฆณๅฟตใๆฏ่ฟใฎ็ฏ่กๆฐ๏ผใใฎๅฎ้ใฎๆฐใๆใใใฐ่ซๅคงใชใใ๏ผ ้ๆคๆใซ็ตใใ่ ใจๅถใ ๆคๆใใใใใ่ ใจใฎๆฐใฎๆฏ่ผ็ญใใใฎไป็ด็่ซใใใใใฐๅงฆๆทซใฏๅฝๆใฎๆ ๅขไธๅๆณไธไธๅ ซใซๆ่ฌๆๆไธ่ฝใซไนใใใใฎใจ่ชใในใใไธญใซใฏๆฏใใ่ ๅ จ้จใชใใจๆญใใใๅพใใในใๅฎนๆใซ่ฆๆฑใซๅฟใใใ่ ใใใใใจใ่ใธใใในใใใใ 12ๆ26ๆฅๅใใ ใๆพๅฒกๆฒๅ ตๅคงๅฐๅๅพๅ ญๆ้ ๆฅ้จๆๅใใๆๅฐไฝไบไปถใซๅฏพใๅๅคงๅฐใฏๆฐใ ไธๅฎใ่ ่ฟซใๅผทๅงฆใๆ ๅฅช็ฉใๅ ๅฐใซ้ใๆด่กๆฐๅบฆใซๅใถใๅฆใๅนน้จใฎ่ ใไธๅใซไปใใใๅฆใใฏไธๅ ฌๅนณใชใใ่ฅใ้้ทใซๆผใฆ้ฉๅฝใฎๅฆ็ฝฎใ็บใใใๅ ดๅใซใฏ่ชๅใฏไปๅพๅ ตใฎไบไปถใๆคๆใใใในใใจใ ใๆๆไบๅไธๆฅๆญฃๅใซๆญๅทใซๅใๅบ็บใฎๅฝใใใ
ไบไบบใฏๅนผๅฐๆใซ้ฃ่กๆฉไบๆ ใ็ต้จใใใจ่จใๅ ฑ้็นใใๆๆฐๆๅใใใใใชใผใณใฏX-MENใซๅๅ ฅใใๅพใใตใคใฏใญใใในใจ็ตๅฉใๆฏๅญใใคใตใณใๆใใฃใใ
2018ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใซใฏใใฐใซใผใ็ต็นๅ็ทจใ่กใใHRใใฏใใญใธใผไบๆฅญใใกใใฃใข&ใฝใชใฅใผใทใงใณไบๆฅญ๏ผ็พใปๅกๅฑฑ้ป้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅ็ท ๅฝน็ทๅ้จ้ท ไธญๅฑฑไฟๆๆงใใใไบๆฅญๅ ๅฎนใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใฎๅใ็ตใฟใซใคใใฆใๅฐฑ่ทๆดปๅใซใคใใฆใฎๅฏพ็ญใใขใใใคใน็ญใใ่ฌๆผ้ ใใพใใใ
็ฃๆฅญๅปใ้ธไปปใใไบๆฅญ่ ใฏใ็ฃๆฅญๅปใซๅฏพใใๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅดๅๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใใฎไปใฎ็ฃๆฅญๅปใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็็ญใ้ฉๅใซ่กใใใใซๅฟ ่ฆใชๆ ๅ ฑใจใใฆๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใใฎใๆไพใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็ๆณ็ฌฌ13ๆก4้ ๏ผใใใฎใๆ ๅ ฑใใซใฏใๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซใคใใฆ1้ฑ้ๅฝใใใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็ๆ้ใ40ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅ ดๅใซใใใใใฎ่ถ ใใๆ้ใ1ๆๅฝใใ80ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๆฐๅๅใณๅฝ่ฉฒๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซไฟใๅฝ่ฉฒ่ถ ใใๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใๅซใพใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็่ฆๅ็ฌฌ14ๆกใฎ2็ฌฌ1้ ๏ผใ
ใใ็ญๅฎใPR TIMESใ2024ๅนด8ๆ9ๆฅใ็ฌฌ7ๅ
8ๆ20ๆฅ ๅคไผใฟใใฌใผใณใๅไฝ้ FUใปๅ จๅก้ๅ๏ผ้ฒ่ก็่ทๅก็ๆดปๅๅ็ตๅ ็ซ็ฝใป 2018ๅนด9ๆ6ๆฅใๆญๅน่จผๅธๅๅผๆใๅๆตท้่ๆฏๆฑ้จๅฐ้ใฎ็บ็ใซใใๅคง่ฆๆจกๅ้ปใง็ตๆฅๅๅผใๅๆญขใใใๆญฆๅ ๅฝฉใใตใใฃ๏ผๅ็งฐใใคใชใณใใซ ๅ จๅฝ๏ผ๏ผๅบ่ใงใใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่็คพใ2011ๅนด3ๆ1ๆฅใ 112๏ผ10๏ผ ๆฐใใชใๅๅฎ!
ๆๅณใฏ ใAใงใใ๏ฝใชใฎใ ใใพใใฆBใฏใชใใใ๏ฝใ ใใ ใจใชใใพใใๆๅณใฏ ใๆญปใใ ้ฆฌใงใใ่ฒทใใฎใ ใใใใพใใฆ็ใใ้ฆฌใชใใชใใใใ ใ ใ ใใใจใใใฎๅฌไฝฟใใฏ ๆญปใใ ้ฆฌใฎ้ชจ ใ่ฒทใฃใฆๅธฐใฃใฆใใใฎใงใใๆใ็ๆงใซๅฏพใใๅฌไฝฟใใฏใๆญปใใ ้ฆฌใงใใๅคง้ใๅบใใฆ่ฒทใไบบใใใใชใใ็ใใ้ฆฌใชใใชใใใ้ซๅคใง่ฒทใฃใฆใใใใ ใใใใจ่ใใไบบใใใใฏใใ็พๅญใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎไธญใงใใๅฏๅฝๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บ๏ผ็พ ๅฏๅฝ็ๅฝ๏ผใ็ฌฌไธๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บ๏ผๆง ๆฑ้ฆ็ๅฝใAIGใจใธใฝใณ็ๅฝไฟ้บใซ็ถๆฟ๏ผใ็ฌฌ็พๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บ๏ผๆง ็ฌฌ็พ็ๅฝใใใใฅใฉใคใ็ๅฝใซ็ถๆฟ๏ผใๆฅๆฌๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บ๏ผๆง
ๅคงๅ็ๅฝ๏ผใชใฉใใใใงใใใ
็ขบใใซใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎไธญใงไธปใซๅ ่ฒฌใ้ฉ็จใใใใฎใฏ่ปไธกไฟ้บใงใใ ใใใใฎๅใ็ตใฟใซใใฃใฆใๅฅๅบทๅฏฟๅฝใไผธใณใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใฎๆ็ถๅฏ่ฝๆงใ็ขบไฟใงใใใงใใใใ ใกใชใใ:
้ซใใซในใฟใใคใบๆงใจใคใณใฟใฉใฏใทใงใณๆฉ่ฝใๆใกใๅๅ ่ ใซใชใขใซใชไฝ้จใๆไพใใพใใ ใชใขใผใไฝๆฅญๅบๆฅใชใ็ก่ฝใไธไบบๅฑ ใใจไผ่ญฐใฏๅฏพ้ขใซใชใใพใใใใขใใซ่ชค่งฃใใใใจใใฆใใ็็ดใซ่จใฃใใปใใ็่งฃๅใฎใใไบบใซใฏไผใใใฎใงใใพใ ใใทใงใใ ใไธญๅๅฝใฎในใใผใ่ฆณๆฆ็ใๅบๅณถใ32%ใงๅ จๅฝ้ฆไฝ ใใผใฟใง่ชญใๅฐๅๅ็ใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใ2021ๅนด8ๆ27ๆฅใๅๆผ็ใฎใฟ1992ๅนด11ๆใซใตใณใชใชใใใชใใVHSใฝใใๅใใใใ 5ๆ31ๆฅ
– ใใคใใป
่ฆ็ฉใใใใจใ้ใฏไธ็คพใ ใใงใชใ่คๆฐ็คพใซไพ้ ผใใใชใในใๅคใใฎไผ็คพใๆฏ่ผใใพใใใใไธ็ชๅฎใไฟ้บๆใฎไผ็คพใๆขใ้ใฏใไธ็คพใ ใใงใชใๅคใใฎไผ็คพใง็ธ่ฆ็ฉใใใใจใๅ ๅฎนใๆฏ่ผใใใใจใๅคงๅใงใใ ใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใ็ฏ็ดใใคใคไบๆ ๅฏพๅฟใซใๆบ่ถณใใใใไบบใฏใใใฒไธไบใใคใฌใฏใๆไฟ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใๆค่จใใฆใใ ใใใไบๆ ใงๅฝน็ซใคๅฐ็จใขใใชใ17ใถๅฝ่ชใซๅฏพๅฟใใฆใใไปใใฌใธใฃใผๆฝ่จญๅฒๅผใๅ็จฎ็นๅ ธใ้ญ ๅ็ใงใใๅฐฑๅฏ็ดๅใพใง้ฃฒใใใจใงไบคๆ็ฅ็ตใฎๅใใ้ซใ็ถๆ ใ็ก็ ไธญใซใ็ถใ็บใ็ก็ ใฎ่ณชใไฝไธใใใฆใใพใไบใซใชใใ็ฎ่ฆใใฎๆชใใๆฅไธญใฎ็ ใใใ็ฒๅดๆใใ ใใใซใใใใๆฐใฎไฝไธใชใฉใ็พใใพใใ
1963ๅนด – 1972ๅนด ็ฝ็ณๅๅทณ็ฃ็ฃๅฐฑไปปๆใใใใใ็ทใฎใใใฃใ็ดบ่ฒไธ่ฒใซใชใใ้ฆใ่ขใใใซใใซใผใใซ็ดบ่ฒใฎใฉใคใณใๅ ฅใใๆฉ้ใใใธ้ฃใใงๆฅใใๅ้ๅฎถใฎๅๅบ่ใซใฏใๆฉๆใใใ1ๅนดใถใใฎๅ้ๅฎถใฎ็ไธผใใๆฑใใใใจใใ้ทใๅใใงใใใๆธ ๅญใ้กๆใจใใๅฐ่ชฌใ็่ฐท็ชๆๅๅบใใ็บ่กจใใฆใใใ1998ๅนดใใใฎ้กๆใๅไฝใจใใไธไบบ่ๅฐใง็่ฐทใฏๆฏใป
ไปฎๆณ็ฉบ้ๅ ใง3Dใขใใซใๅ ฑๆใใใใ3Dใใคใณใๆฉ่ฝใไฝฟใฃใฆ็ตตใๆใใใใจใใฃใใ็พๅฎ็ฉบ้ใงใฏๅฎ็พใงใใชใไฝ้จใๅๅ ่ ใซๆไพใงใใใๅฃ้ทใฎๆญปใซๅๆบใใ้่ฏๅฃใ ใฃใใใไธๆฅๆใฏ็ๅใฎใชใซใฌใฎ่จ่ใ่ธใซๅใซ้ฒใใใไปฒ้ใใกใ่ซญใใ้่ฏๅฃใฏใขใชใขใณใญใใใฎๅ ๅฒ็ถฒใใใฎ่ฑๅบใ่ฉฆใฟใใไธๆนใ้่ฏๅฃใจๅฅใใใใฏใฎใชในใฏๅ่บซใฉในใฟใซใฎ้ฆใ็ใฃใฆใขใชใขใณใญใใๆฌ้ใธใฎ็ชๆใๆข่กใใใใใฌใจใชใชใฎ้งใใฌใณใใ ใป
ใใชใใใฎๅใใฉใๅฒไธๅใฎ1ใฏใผใซๆพ้ใ 1956ๅนด11ๆ13ๆฅใซใไธๆฟๆฉใใ็ทด้ฆฌใซใใใ็ทๅฐๅธฏใซ็ซฃๅทฅใใ็ทๅใฐใฉใฆใณใใงใ35,000ๅชใใฎๅบๅคงใช้ข็ฉใๆใใใ ๏ผใๆบๅธฏใใๅถๆฅญไธญใๅธณ็ฐฟใๆ้ขใใชใใ็ฐกๆ็ฐฟ่จใงใฏใ่ฒธๅๅฏพ็ ง่กจใไฝๆใใๅฟ ่ฆใฏ็กใใ ใใฎไฝๅ่จไบใฏใใใใใฎไฝๆใๆใพใใฆใใพใใ ใไธ่ฐทๆณๅพไบๅๆใใฎๆฐไบบๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ ใ็ฌฌ2ใใใใชใฎๅฎถใใไธปๅฎฐใใใไธ่ฐทๆณๅพไบๅๆใใฎๆ้ทใๅญไพใทใงใซใฟใผใ็ฌฌ2ใใใใชใฎๅฎถใใฎ้ฃไบในใฟใใใ
ๆฐๆฟๅ ใป้ปๆใฏใฉใใป 46ๅนด3ๆใซใฏ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ๆฌกใขใกใชใซๆ่ฒไฝฟ็ฏๅฃใๆฅๆฅ๏ผๅ ฑๅๆธใฏ๏ผ้ซๅบฆใซไธญๅคฎ้ๆจฉๅใใใๆ่ฒๅถๅบฆใฏ๏ผใใใซใใใๆฅต็ซฏใชๅฝๅฎถไธป็พฉใจ่ปๅฝไธป็พฉใฎ็ถฒใฎใชใใซใจใใใใใฆใใชใใซใใฆใ๏ผๅผทๅบใชๅฎๅๆฟๆฒปใซใจใใชใๅฎณๆชใๅใใใใใใใใ๏ผๆๅธซใฏ็ปไธๅใใใใใจใชใ๏ผใใฎ่ทๅใ่ช็ฑใซ็บๅฑใใใใซใฏๅฐๆนๅๆจฉๅใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใจใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใฏ๏ผ้ๆๆไธป็พฉ๏ผๅฐๅปบไธป็พฉ๏ผ่ปๅฝไธป็พฉใซๅฏพใใไธๅคงๆไบใซๅ ใใใ ใใใจๆๅพ ใใฆใใใๆฟๆจฉไธๅ ใฏใไปฅไธใฎๅค้ทใงใใใ ใใฎ้ฆฌใฏใๅจใใใใ่ฉๅคใ็ซใคใปใฉใฎ้งฟ้ฆฌใ ใฃใใใใใๆฅ็ช็ถใ่ใซๅบใใใๆๅญใซ้ฃใณๅบใใฆใใพใใ
My developer is trying to persuade me to move to .net from PHP.
I have always disliked the idea because of the costs.
But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using WordPress on several websites
for about a year and am worried about switching to another
platform. I have heard good things about blogengine.net. Is there a way I can transfer all my wordpress content into it?
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
ใพใใPPI่ณๆ ผ้ธๆ๏ผๅ่ฟฐใฎๆๅๆจฉใ่ฟฝๅ ็ฒๅพใใฆใใชใ้ธๆใซ้ใ๏ผใ็ฟใทใผใบใณไปฅ้ใๅนดไฟธ่ชฟๅๆจฉใๅๅพใใใพใงใซใตใคใป โใใกใณใใฎๅธๅ ดไพกๆ ผใฏใๅๅผๆใซใใใ็ซถไบๅฃฒ่ฒทใ้ใใ้็ตฆใๅๆ ใใฆๆฑบใพใใพใใๅธๅ ด่ฆๆจกไธไฝ10็ๅฃใพใใฏ็ๅฃๅ็ไธไฝ10็ๅฃใฎใใใใใซ่ฉฒๅฝใใ็ๅฃใฎไธญใใใ6-8็ๅฃใซ2ๅทก็ฎ้ๅง็ดๅ๏ผๆฆๅๅ่กกใฉใฆใณใA๏ผใฎ่ฃๅฎๆๅๆจฉใใ6-8็ๅฃใซ2ๅทก็ฎ็ตไบ็ดๅพ๏ผๆฆๅๅ่กกใฉใฆใณใB๏ผใฎ่ฃๅฎๆๅๆจฉใไธใใใใใ
็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ดใฏใๆฑไบฌ้ฝไธญๅคฎๅบ็ฏๅฐ5ไธ็ฎใซใใๅ ฌ่จญใฎๅธๅฃฒๅธๅ ดใงใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใซ11ใๆใใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝไธญๅคฎๅธๅฃฒๅธๅ ดใฎใฒใจใคใงใๆฐด็ฃ็ฉใซ้ขใใฆใฏไธ็ๆๅคง็ดใฎๅธๅฃฒๅธๅ ดใงใใ ใใฎใใใๆฑไบฌไธญๅคฎ้ตไพฟๅฑใฏใฎใกใซไปฎๅบ่ใซใงๅถๆฅญใใใใจใซใชใใใใใกใ้่กๆฌๅบใจใฏๅฅใฎๅ ดๆใซใชใฃใใใใซๆฐใใซ่ฒฏ้็ชๅฃใ่จญใใใใใไธๆน้่กใฎ้่ตฐใชใใฆๅฝใใๅใซใฟใใชใใใฃใฆใพใใไบค้ใซใผใซใฏใใใพใใ๏ผๆฌๅฝใฏใใใใฉ่ชฐใๅฎใใชใ๏ผใไปๅใฏ็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ดใฎใๅ ดๅ ใใฎใใใใใฎๆฅฝใใฟๆน๏ผใคใชใฉใใไผใใใฆใใใพใใ็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ดใซใฏใไปๅใฎ็งป่ปขใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใใจ็งป่ปขใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใชใๅฐๅฃฒๅบใๅฏฟๅธๅบใชใฉใๅคใไธฆใถใๅ ดๅคๅธๅ ดใใฎ2ใคใใใใพใใ
ๅๅฎถๅ ธๅญใใพใจๅๅฎถๅฝ้บฟใใใฎ้ใซใฏใๅฝใฎๅคงๅใช่กไบใ้ใใใใจใใๅ ฑ้ใฎๆๅฟใๆใใใใใใใ้ขๅฉใ้ฟใใๅผทใ็็ฑใจใชใฃใฆใใใฎใใใใใพใใใ ใใฎใใผใใฃใซๅฑ็คบไผใฏใๅฐ็็ๅถ็ดใ่ถ ใใฆๅ จๅฝใฎใขใณใฐใฉใผใๅๅ ใงใใๆฉไผใๆไพใใ้ฃใๆฅญ็ใฎใใธใฟใซๅใไฟ้ฒใใๅ ้ง็ใชๅใ็ตใฟใจใชใใพใใใ ใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎ่จญๅฎๆนๆณใไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆ็ฐใชใใพใใ
ใ้ญๆณๅฐๅฅณใพใฉใโใใฎใซใใฎ่ฝ่ชใๅฎๅๅ ใพใฉใใฏไธญๅท็ฟๅญใใใใปใใใฏใฒใใใๆฐ๏ผ็ถใ้ๅฎใใใฎใกใฏๅๅทๅบๅฐๅฑฑๅฐใซ่ปขๅฑ ใ
“ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ ๆฐๆฒใI decidedใๅ ่ก้ ไฟก๏ผLINE MUSICๅ็ใญใฃใณใใผใณ๏ผ”.
“ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใTOKYO INVADER IIใใง้ ่ชฟใซๆฑไบฌไพต็ฅ๏ผ “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใๅชๅใใใงใจใใคใใณใใ๏ผใใใฉใใใฉใคใใ้ๅฌๆฑบๅฎ๏ผ “2ไปฃ็ฎใทใณใใฌใฉใฏ”ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ”ใป ใฟใกใฎใ็บใฎใขใคใใซใฐใซใผใใใๆฑไบฌใใง่บๅ”.
“. PopโnโRoll (2021ๅนด10ๆ30ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด10ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ (2021ๅนด12ๆ2ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด12ๆ2ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “.
ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ (2021ๅนด11ๆ19ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด11ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
2ๆ ใฌใฎใฅใฉใผ้ๆฟๅพใ้ทๅฑฑใฏใ5ๆ ใฒในใ่งฃ็ญ่ ใจใใฆๅบฆใ ๅบๆผใใฆใใใใใใฎๆใฎๆญฃ็ญ็ใฏ4ๅฒๅฐใจใชใใฌใฎใฅใฉใผๆใใใๅช็งใชๆ็ธพใๆฎใใฆใใใๆๅฑฑใๅฑฑๅฒกไน ไนใๅ ซๅ่่ซใๆฑ ๅ ๆทณๅญใจใๅ ฑๆผใๅคใใ็นใซๅฑฑๅฒกใๆฑ ๅ ใจใฏ่ๅฐใชใฉใงใๅ ฑๆผใใใใฉใคใใผใใงใ่ฆชไบคใๆทฑใใฃใใ็ถ่ฆชใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใงไฟณๅชใ็ฎๆใใๅฐใป
ใชใใ2ๆ ใฎใใใฉใณๅฅณๅชๆ ใฏ้ทๅฑฑใๆๅพใจใชใใใใฎๆฌกใฎๅฎฎๅด็พๅญใใใฏ่ฅๆๅฅณๆงใฟใฌใณใๆ ใจใชใฃใใไบบๆไธ่ถณใงๅฎใใใใไบบๆฐใใใชใใจใใใใซใใผใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใชใใฎใซๅ ฅใฃใใใจใซใใฆใใใจใใ็ขบ่ชใใใในใใชใใใงใใใญใ
ๅ ต่ฃ ใฏๅคงๅใใผใ ใฉใคใใซใฎใฟใ ใใฌใคใคใผใฎๆญไนๆฉใฏใๅๆใซใฏใธใ IIใชใฉใฎไฝใณในใๆฉใใไธใใใใฆใใชใใใใใใทใงใณใฎใฏใชใขใ็ฉ่ชใฎ้ฒ่กใซๆฒฟใฃใฆๆฐๅๆฉใๆฏ็ตฆใใใฆใใใ ใพใใใใใทใงใณใฎๅคฑๆๆฐใซๅฟใใฆๆฏ็ตฆใใใใขใใซในใผใใฎๆง่ฝใไธๆใใใ ใใฎใปใใๅไฝใฎใขใใซในใผใใ้ ใ่ฆ็ด ใงไฝฟ็จๅฏ่ฝใ ใณในใใฏๅไฝใใไฝใใๅคใใใชใใ “ใขใใณใธใฃใผใบ”.
ใตใใซใจใซๅคงไฝๆฆ! ใฌใณใใ vs.Zใฌใณใใ ใง่ฟฝๅ ใใใ1ๆฌใฎๆฆๅใฒใผใธใง้ฃๆฆใ่กใใขใผใใๅทจๅคงใชใใผใซๅในใฟใธใขใ ใฏ360ๅบฆใฉใใใใงใๆปๆใๅฏ่ฝใงใใใคๆฌไฝใฎๅ่ปขใซในใฟใธใขใ ใๆๅปปใใ้ ๅฟๅใๅ ใใฃใฆๆปๆๅใๅขใใๅบๆๆใซ็นๅฎใฎใใคใญใใๅใๅ ฅๅใใใใจใซใใใๅไฝใซ็ปๅ ดใใใใคใญใใใไฝฟใใใจใใงใใใ ใใใทใงใณใฎๆไธญใซใฏๆๆใซใใผใฆใใธใงใชใใจใใฃใๅไฝใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใใกใNPCใจใใฆๅๆฆใใๆฆ้ใใฃใผใซใๅ ใงNPCๅๅฃซใไผ่ฉฑใไบคใใใชใใใฎๆฆใใ็นฐใๅบใใใจใใๅฝขใงใใใฌใใขใใก็ใฎๅ ๅฎนใๅ็พใใๆงใ ใชใคใใณใใ็บ็ใใใ
ๅๅใซใใฃใฆใฏใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใๆๅนใซ็ถ็ถใใใใใใซใฏใๆ่พผๆนๆณใซๅฟใใๆๆฅใพใงใซ็ถ็ถ็ใซไฟ้บๆใๆใ่พผใใงใใใ ใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใ 7ๆ –
ๆฑๆฅๆฌๅฐๅใซใใใ็ดๅถๅบ่ใฎ้ๅถไฝๅถๅผทๅใฎใใใๆฑๆฅๆฌใญใผใฝใณๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ่จญ็ซใๆจชๆใตใใฃใฎใฟใใคใซใซๆฌไฝใธ่ญฒๆธกใไปใฎใใคใซใซๆฑๅ้ๅถๅบ่ใฏใในใฆ้้ใ ใใคใซใซๅฎ่ธ – ๅบๅณถ็ๅฎ่ธ้กๆตท็ฐ็บใงๆตท็ฐใตใใฃใ้ๅถใใฆใใใๅฑฑๅฝขใๆ ็นใจใใฆใใผใ ใปใณใฟใผใ้ๅถใใฆใใใ
็ทจ็บใซใใใๅ่ๆ็ฎใฏใๅคงๆฑๆฐใไธๅๆฐใไบ้ๅ ๆฐใๆ็ญใฎๅฎถใซๆฎใ่จ้ฒใๅณ็ญ็ญใฎ็ญ้ฒใๆฅ่จใไธญๅฟใซใๅๆก่ซธๅฎถใ็ธใฎใใๅพกๅฎถไบบใฎๅฎถไผใ่จด่จใฎ่จผๆ ใจใใฆๆๅบใใใๅฝๆๆธใใๅซใๆธ้กใใใใซๅฏบ็คพใฎ่จ้ฒใๅฏ่ฝใชๅ ดๅใฏใๆๆ่จใใชใฉใฎๅ ฌๅฎถใฎ่จ้ฒใชใฉใงใใใ็คพไผ็ฆ็ฅๆณไบบ ๆฉ่ณ่ฒกๅฃ ๆธ็ไผ.ๅฐๅ็ๆดปใซใคใใฆๅฝใซๆฝ็ญใใชใใฎใงใใใฎใกใใฅใผใใคใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใฃใใใใงใใ 10ๆ24ๆฅ
– ใใซใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใไธ็ๅๅฝใงๆฏๅนด้ๅฌใใฆใใไธๆๅฐๅใใฉใณใใฃใขๆดปๅใใฐใญใผใใซใใฉใณใใฃใขใป
ใใจใใจGoogleใใชใใใพใใใฃใใใจใใใจใๆค็ดขใจใณใธใณใฎไผ็คพใชใใงใใใญใๆค็ดขใจใณใธใณใฎไผ็คพใฎไธญใงใใผใธใไฟๅญใใฆGoogleใฎใญใฃใใทใฅใง่กจ็คบใใๆฉ่ฝใใใฃใใใงใใใฉใใใใฏๆฅๆฌใงใใใจ่ไฝๆจฉๆณใง้ๅใ ใฃใใใงใใใ
ใใซใใคใฎๆ ็ปใฏ1960ๅนดไปฃใใๅถไฝใใใฆใใใๅชๅใใฆๆ ็ปใ่ฆใฆใใไบบใฏใๆ ็ปใๅฅฝใใชไบบใซใฏๅใฆใพใใใใญใ Q: ใคๅญๆงใฎ่ฑ่ชๅใซใคใใฆใฏใฉใใงใใ๏ผ 4ๅทปใงใฏๅบๅ ฑ็จใฎใใญใฐใๆธใใฆใใๆ ๅฝ่ ใใ่ชญ่ ใซใใชใใฎไบบๆฐใใใ้ข็ฝใใจ่ฉใใใ๏ผใใฎใใใซไฝไธญใงใฏใใณใใณไฝๅฎถใจใใฆใฎ่ฝๅใใใไบใ็คบๅใใใใไผ็ทใๅผตใใใฆใใ๏ผใ ใณในใใๅๆธใใใฐใๅฝ็ถ็ตฆๆใๅฎใใชใใ ใ้ๆใกใซใชใๆนๆณใฏใ้ใไฝฟใใชใใใจ๏ผๆฏๅบใๆธใใ๏ผใ้่ฆใจไธปๅผตใใฆใใใใๆฌๅฝใซใ้ใ่ฒฏใใใใฎใงใใใฐใๅใฎใใใซใใฑใใใซใชใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใใไบบ้ใ1ๆฅใซ็ๆง็ใชๅคๆญใๅบๆฅใๅๆฐใฏๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ่ชฌใใใใพใใ
ไฝ่ฉใฏKamikaze BoyใจJean-Ken JohnnyใไฝๆฒใฏKamikaze Boyใ็ทจๆฒใฏMAN WITH
A MISSIONใจๅคงๅณถใใใใใในใใชใณใฐในใขใฌใณใธใฏๅคงๅณถใจๆฑ ็ฐๅคงไปใๆๆทๅณถๅๅฒ็น๏ผ- ไธธใๅ ้ใ็พๆฟ้ปๆฐ่ป้ใฎๅปบ่จญใใ่ถๆ – ๅ้ๅฒ้้ใจใๆ็ฅ้ปๆฐ้้ใฎๅปบ่จญใใ็ฅๅฎฎๅ – ๆกถ็ญ้๏ผ็พใป
ใธใฃใใฏใใญใใ – ใถใใใๅฐๅ ดใจใณใฟใผใใคใกใณใ!ไธปใซ็ช็ตใฎๆตใใฏๆฅๅธธโใจใใฑใณ็ปๅ ดโใพใใกใใใใฟใณใฟใฟใฟใฆใณใซๅใใๆ็ไปฅๅคใฎใใจใซๆๆฆใ ใปใใใผใใฆในใ่ นใๆธใใฎใงใใพใใกใใใ”ใใใญใใใณ”ใซๅใใๆ็ใไฝใใ ใพใใไธ้จใฎๆด็ๅบ่ใฎๅใ็ฟใจใใฆๅฝใฎ่ฅๅพๅๅ้่กใซ่ญฒๆธกใใใใฑใผในใๅญๅจใใใ ใใใญใใใณใซใฏใซใใใผใฉใจใใ่ฆ็ฟใใทใงใใใใฆใๆฏๅใทใงใใๅผใณใใขใใฟใผใซๆ ใใทใงใใจใจใใซใพใใกใใใซๆ็ใฎไปๆนใๆใใใ ใพใใ่ก็ฎกใฎ้ๅกใ้ซๅบฆใฎ็ญ็ชใซใใฃใฆ่กๆถฒไพ็ตฆใฎๅข็้ ๅ๏ผwatershedใๅๆฐดๅถบใฎๆๅณ๏ผใไน่ก็ถๆ ใจใชใใใใใซ่กๅงไฝไธใชใฉใฎ่ก่กๅๆ ็่ฆๅ ใๅ ใใๆขๅกใ็ใใใ ใชใใใใใญใใใณใซๅใใใจ่ชๅ็ใซ่กฃ่ฃ ใๅคใใใ
Hๆ ชใซ้ขใใฆใฏใ2007ๅนด11ๆใซใใณใปใณไธญๅฝไผๆฅญๆๆฐใฏ20609.10ใใคใใใใ2008ๅนด10ๆใซ4792.37ใพใง77%ไธ่ฝใใ2022ๅนด9ๆ็พๅจใไธๅบฆใ้ซๅคใๆดๆฐใใฆใใชใใ ใใฎ็ถๆ ใ่ถ ๅคงๅฝใไธๅใๆฅต่ถ ๅคงๅฝใจ็งฐใใใใใจใใใฃใใๅๆนใใใณๅผๅญใใใฏ้ฝๅๅๅใซใใใฃใฆ็ฒ่ใฎๆจๆฌใฎ็ฎๅใๅใใฆใใใๆก้ๅใซใคใใฆใฏ้ฃในใใใจใฏใชใใฃใใจใใใใใ่น้ ญใ็ฎไธใใๅคงใใคใใใฎใพใพๆจๆฌใซใใฆใใพใใ่น้ ญใๆใใใฃใใจใใใจใใฝใผใใไผใใใๅ ฌ่กจใใใไฝๅใฎ็ด4ๅฒใฏๅญไฝใใงใใปใจใใฉๅฏไธใจใใฃใฆใใๅญ่ถณใใใฏใ่ช็ถๅ ใฎ็็ฉๅญฆ่ ใป
ไน ไฟกใไผ็คพใใชในใใฉใใไฝใๅฃใๅ้ใใใชใใ็ๆดปใๆฏใใฆใใใใจใ็ฅใใ้็ใๆใใฆ็ซๅคชใ่ชๅ้ใฎๅใใๆถใใใจใๆฑบๆใใใ่ฑ่ตฐใๅณใใใจใใใใฌใคใคใผ้ใ็ซ็ๆพๅฐๅจใฎ็ใๆใใชใฉใใฆ้ฎๅงใใใใจใใใใใใชใณใใฟใผใงไผ้ใๅๅใใๆไธญ็น็ฐใๆใใคใใ็็ซใฌในๅBIMใฎ็ ใซใใฃใฆๅ จ่บซใๆบถใๅบใๆญปไบกใใใ 1965ๅนดใซใฟใใปใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใฎๅ่บซใงใใๆงๅฏๅฃซ้่กใซใใฃใฆ้ๅงใใไบค้ๅฎๅ จไบๆฅญใงใ็ฟๅนดใใใฏๅฝ็คพใฎๅ่บซใงใใๅฎ็ฐ็ซ็ฝๆตทไธไฟ้บใๅฎ็ฐ็ๅฝไฟ้บ๏ผ็พๅจใฎๆๆฒปๅฎ็ฐ็ๅฝไฟ้บ๏ผใจๅ ฑใซๅๅ ใไพใใฐใ้กงๅฎขใใๅง่จใใใ่จผๆ ้ใใ่ช็คพใฎ่ณ็ฃใจใฏๅฅๅๅฎใงไฟก่จ้่กใซไฟก่จๅๅฅ็ฎก็ใใใจใใฃใไฟๅ จ็ฎก็ใใใฆใใชใๆฅญ่ ใฎๅ ดๅใใใจใๅๅฅ็ฎก็ใใใฆใใฆใใๆฅญ่ ใ็ ด็ฃๆ็ถใ่กใฃใๅ ดๅใ็ ด็ฃๆณไธใฎไธ่ฌ็ ด็ฃๅตๆจฉใซๅ้กใใใๅฑ้บๆงใซๆใใใ็ ด็ถปใใ้ใซใฏ้ ่จใใฆใใ่จผๆ ้ใใพใจใใซๆปใใใจใฏๆๅพ ใงใใชใใใฃใใ
็ๆๆนใจใไบคๆตใฎใใๅ ่ฏๆใฎๅฅณๆงใฏใใ่ชใใ้ซใไธ่ฆงๆงใใใใพใใ 2017ๅนด12ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใกใ้.com.
2014ๅนด8ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2021ๅนด4ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใปใใณในใญใฃใในใซ.
2018ๅนด2ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใไฝฟ็จ่ ใฏๅดๅ็ตๅใจใฎ่ช ๅฎใชๅฃไฝไบคๆธใซๅฟใใ็พฉๅใใใ๏ผๅดๅ็ตๅๆณ็ฌฌ7ๆก๏ผใ้ดๆจๅฎ็ท๏ผๅฝๆ่ชๆฐๅ ่ญฐๅก๏ผใๅฝ้ไบคๆตๅบ้ใธ้ป่ฉฑใใใใๅฝไผ่ญฐๅกใฎ้ดๆจใ ใใจๅไนใฃใ้ใๅฟๅฏพใใ้ซๅๅฎฎใใฒใไผใใๆ ๅบฆใๅใใชใใใจใซๆฟๆใใ็ธๆใ้ซๅๅฎฎใจใ็ฅใใใซใไฟบใ็ฅใใชใใฎใ๏ผ
็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ด๏ผใคใใใใใใใใคใใใใกใฐ๏ผใจใฏใๆฑไบฌ้ฝไธญๅคฎๅบ็ฏๅฐใซใใๅ ฌ่จญใฎๅธๅฃฒๅธๅ ดใงใใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใซ11ใๆใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝไธญๅคฎๅธๅฃฒๅธๅ ดใฎใฒใจใคใงใใ ใ็ฝ็ณ้บป่กฃใใๅญฃๅ ไนๆจๅใ vol.2 ๅๅคใๆฑไบฌใใฅใผใน้ไฟก็คพใ2014ๅนด5ๆ12ๆฅใ4-13้ ใ 2023ๅนด11ๆ22ๆฅใ็ฒๅ่ช่บซใใใผใซใซใๅใใใใณใ็ทจๆใงใฌใณใผใใฃใณใฐใใๆฅฝๆฒใๅฎใถใใใใใ้ ไฟกใชใชใผในใ 2008ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅใฎOPใใผใฏใงใๆ็ฐใใชในใใผใใ้ใใใฆใใใกใผใซใไฝ้ใ็ดนไปใ ใผใใใผ(ๆพ้ๅฝๆใ็ๆฌ่พฒๆฅญๅคงๅญฆไธๅนด)ใซใใใจใ2008ๅนด12ๆ16ๆฅๆพ้ๅใง็ช็ตใๅนดๅ ใง็ตไบใใใใจใๅพ่ฟฐใฎๆ็ตๅๆผๅบใใใใใจใชใใใฃใใ็บ่กจใใๅพใใใใๅฑใฎ็ๆฌๆพ้ใงใฏไธ็ฐใฎๅฎใฎๅ ใไธ็ฐๅไปใฎใฉใธใช็ช็ตใฎๅฎฃไผCMใๆตใใใ
ใใกใใฎไผ็ปใฏใใกใฟใใผในใซ่งฆใใใใจใฎใชใๅๅฟ่ ๅใใซใZoomใซใใใกใฟใใผในไฝ้จไผใฎใใฉใญใผใขใใใๅฎๆฝใ ใใญใฐใฉใ ๏ผ๏ผใถๆๆชๆบ๏ผใฎๅๅ ่ ใๅ้ไธญใงใใใใใฎๅบฆใไธญๆ้๏ผ๏ผใถๆ้ใใ๏ผใถๆ็จๅบฆ๏ผๅฎๆฝใใไธญๆใคใณใฟใผใณใๅ้ใใใใใจใซใชใใพใใใไบๆฅญๆฆ็ฅ ใฐใซใผใ็ตๅถใM&Aๆฆ็ฅ ่ฒกๅๆฆ็ฅ ็ตๅถๆน้ฉ
ใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐใปๅถๆฅญใปๆฅๅฎขใป “่ฟ็ฟใจใชใข้ๅฎใใญใผใฝใณใโใใขใฆใใใขในใใคในใปใใซใใ | ใปใใซใ”.่ฟ็ฟๆฅๆฌ้้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ.็ทๅ็ๅใใใใฏๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟๅ ฌ็คพๅใง็บ่กใใใ้ๅธณใงใใใฐใๆง้ๅธณใงใๅ จ้ใทในใใ ็จใฎๅฃๅบง็ชๅทใฎๅฐๅญใซๅฏพๅฟใใใ็ฌฌ3ไฝใงใฏใใใฑใใๅฟใซใใฃใฆๆฑใคใณใไผ็คพใฎไธๅกใจใชใฃใฆใใใ่ฑๅฝๆตท่ปใฎ้ ไธใจใชใฃใใใฉใคใณใฐใป
ๅดๅๅธๅ ดใฏ2023ๅนดใๅผใ็ถใๅฅฝ่ชฟใงใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณใฎ15ๆญณไปฅไธใฎๅนณๅๅฐฑๅด็ใฏ้ๅปๆ้ซใฎ48.1๏ผ ใจใชใใๅคฑๆฅญ็ใฏ10.9๏ผ ใ ใฃใใๅธๅ ใๅธธ็ฃ่ชๅ่ป้ใ้้ใใใใใใคใฆใฏๅธๅ ใซใคใณใฟใผใใงใณใธใฏใชใใๆๅฏใฎใใใฟใใใๅธใซใใๅไปฃ็ฐ็ณๅฒกICใ็ฌ ้ๅธใซใใๅฒฉ้ICใๅฉ็จใใฆใใใ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใใฆใฏๅฉ็จ่ฆ็ดใๅ็ งใใฆใใ ใใใ ใใใใ2023ๅนดใฎ่ฅฟใใซใซใณใฎๅฎ่ณชGDPๆ้ท็ใฏใๅผใ็ถใๆฐๅใณใญใ็ฆๅใฎๆฐดๆบใไธๅใใ็นใซใปใซใใขใ2.5๏ผ ใใขใณใใใฐใญใ6.0๏ผ ใจใ2023ๅนด็งๅญฃใฌใใผใใฎไบๆธฌใไธๅใฃใ๏ผๆทปไป่ณๆ่กจๅ็ ง๏ผใไธ็้่กใฎ่ฅฟใใซใซใณใฎไธญๆไบๆธฌใฏใๆ ้ใชใใใๆฅฝ่ฆณ็ใ ใ
่่ทฏๅ ๅฝ้ๅคงๅญฆใใใคในใฉใผๅฐไผใๅคงๅญฆๅฒ็ทจ็บใปๆฑๅฎ็นๆฎๆ ็ปๅ จๅฒ 1983,
p.ๆฑๅฎ็นๆฎๅฅณๅชๅคงๅ จ้ 2014, p. “้ฆๅทไบฌๅญใๆบๅฃๅฅไบ็ฃ็ฃใ่ฟๆพ็ฉ่ชใใ่ชใ ๅฐๆดฅใ้ปๆพคใซใๆใใใๅๅฅณๅช : ๆ ็ปใใฅใผใน”.ๅฅณๅช้ฃใงๆๅคใ “้ฆๅทไบฌๅญใใขใธใขๅฅณๅชๅใฎFIAF่ณๅ่ณใซใ็ณใ่จณใชใใ : ๆ ็ปใใฅใผใน”.
“91ๆญณ้ฆๅทไบฌๅญใๅฅณๅช็ๆดปใงไธ็ชๅฐ่ฑกใซๆฎใฃใฆใใไฝๅใ54ๅนดๅ ฌ้ใ่ฟๆพ็ฉ่ชใ๏ผKไธๆ ใคใใณใ – ใทใใ : ๆฅๅในใใผใ”.
2024/11/20ใฎNHKใใใใใฎๆ็ใใงใฏใไธๅๆธ ไธใใใซใใใใญใฃใใใจ้ถใฒใ่ใฎในใผใใใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใ
2024/11/18ใฎNHKใใใใใฎๆ็ใใงใฏใใตใซใๆญๅญใใใซใใใใใฅใฏใปใซ๏ฝใใฉใณใน้ขจใใฎใใใผในใใใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใ 2013ๅนด4ๆใJ.ใใญใณใ ใชใใคใชใณใฐใใๅ จๆ ชๅผใ่ญฒๅใใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใๅรรรไบไปถใฏๅไบๆๅไธๆฅ้ๅฑฑใซๆผใฆๆฏ้ฃไบบ้ใซ็จใ ไธ็ฉใฎๆๅใใๅฆใใใจใ่ใ็ดใกใซ้จไธๆฐๅๅใๅผ็ใๆฏ้ฃไบบ้จ่ฝใซ่ณใๅฐๆฎบๆฌๆฎบใ็บใใใไบๅฎใซใใฆ ใใฎ้ไธๅฎใซๅๅ้ฃ็ตกใใใใฎใฟใชใใไธใคใฎๅฅฝๅฅๅฟใใๆฏ้ฃไบบใๆฎบๅฎณใใใจใฎๅฟตใซๅบใใใฎใจ่ชใใใ ๅ้ใฏๅ็ทใฎๆฆ้ใซใฏๅ ใฏใใๅพใคใฆๆฏ้ฃไบบใๆฎบใใใจใฎไธ็จฎ็ฌ็นใฎ่ฆณๅฟตใซ้งใใใใใจใ่ชใในใๆฆๅ ดใซใฆใฏๆฏใใๅฟตใ็ใใใใฎๅฐใชใใใๅๆฏ้ฃไบบใซๅฏพใใไบบๆ ผๅฐ้่ใใซใใใใฎใฎๅฆใใ 2ๆ15ๆฅๅใใ ใๅๆน้ขใซไบใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถ้ ป็บใใใๅฆใๅฆไฝใซใใฆ้ฒๆญขใใใใฏๅคงใใซ็ ็ฉถๅ้กใชใใ ๏ฝ๏ฝ๏ฝ ่ชๅใง(ๅฝ้ๅ้ก็ญใฎ็จฎใจใชใใชใใใใซ)ใๅฎ้ไธ็่ทกใๆฎใใฌๆง็ธๅฝใฎๅฆ็ฝฎๆด็ใใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใใจๆธใใใใใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใซไปใฆใฏๆฏ่ฟๆใๆชๆงใฎใใฎใซ้ใๅ ฌ่จดๆ่ตทใฎๆน้ใๆกใๆในใๅฆๅใฏๆถๆฅต็ใชใใใ(ใคใพใใๅฆๅใฏๆงใ็ฎ)ใ ใจๆธใใฆใใใใ้จไธใใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใๆคๆใใฆใ่ตท่จดใใชใใชใใใๆฐใใใชใใใจ่จใใใใใๅ จ้จ่ตท่จดใใใ่จๅคงใชๆฐใซใชใ่ตท่จดใใชใใฃใไปถใจใฎใใฉใณในใใใใใจใใไธญใซใฏๅๆใฎไธใฎใใฎใใใใ ใใ(๏ผ๏ผ)ใใจ่จใใจใใใใใใใๆญฃ็พฉๆผขใใจใใฆ่กๅใใฆใใใใจใฏๆใใพใใใใใใ่จใไบบ็ฉใใ่ฆใฆใใๆฅๆฌ่ปใฎๅผทๅงฆใ็ฅๅฅชใๆฎบไบบใฏใใ่จ่ชใซ็ตถใใใใจใใๅฝ่ณใใจใ่จใฃใใฌใใซใ ใฃใใใฃใฆไบใงใใญใ
ๅฐๆๅๅผฅ (2017ๅนด11ๆ13ๆฅ). “ๅคฉไธใฎ็ๅฆป -็ง้ฒใปๅฐๆๅๅผฅ (2017ๅนด10ๆ30ๆฅ). “ๅคฉไธใฎ็ๅฆป -็ง้ฒใป ใฉใใทใฅใฎๅฐฝๅใซใใใๅๅนด10ๆ28ๆฅใซๆฑไบฌๅญฆ็ใขใกใชใซใณใใใใใผใซ้ฃ็๏ผ็พใปๆฑ ไธๅฝฐใๆฑ ไธๅฝฐใจๅญฆใถๆฅๆฌใฎ็ท็ 9 ็ฆ็ฐ่ตณๅคซใๅฐๅญฆ้คจใ2012ๅนดใ16้ ใ
ใใใซใใใ2008ๅนดๅบฆใฎๆๅช็งๅจฏๆฅฝ็ช็ตๅธไผ่ ่ณใจไธฆใณใๅธไผๆฅญใจไฟณๅชๆฅญใฎไธกๆนใงๆๅช็ง่ณใ็ฒๅพใใใ 2013ๅนด7ๆ22ๆฅใๆจๅฏบๆไบบ้งไธญๅฝๅคงไฝฟใฎ่ฆ่ซใงใไธญๅฝใๆใ็็ฅใใฆใใๆฅๆฌไบบใฎใฒใจใใจใใฆไผ่ซใใใ 2017ๅนด8ๆใไธญๅฝ็ใใคใใฟใผใป
2011ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅใๅจไธญๅฝ10ๅนด็ฎใซๅฝใใๅนดใซใใไบบๆฐๆฅๅ ฑ๏ผๅฝ้็ใป
NHLใงใฏใ้ธๆใฎFAๆจฉๅๅพๅฏ่ฝๅนด้ฝขใใใใใใใพใงใฏ31ๆญณใ ใฃใใใ2007-08ๅนดใฎใทใผใบใณ็ตไบๅพใซ27ๆญณใซๅผใไธใใใใใ RFA้ธๆใไป็ๅฃใจไบคๆธใงใใใฎใฏใNFLใใฉใใใฎ8ๆฅๅใพใงใ ใชใใกใผใๆฌก็ฌฌใงๅ ็ๅฃใฏ็งป็ฑๅ ็ๅฃใใใๆกไปถใซใใฃใฆ้ ไฝใฎ็ฐใชใใใฉใใๆๅๆจฉใๅใๅใใๆๅฑ็ๅฃใ็ฌฌไธๆๅฆๆจฉใ่กไฝฟใใๆ้ใฏใใฎ1้ฑ้ๅพใใใชใใกใใฉใใใฎๅๆฅใงใใใๆฐไบบ้ธๆใฏๅ ฅๅฃ7ๅนดๅพใใใไปฅๅคใฏ4ๅนดๅพใซFAๆจฉๅๅพๅฏ่ฝใจใชใใ ใจใณใใชใผใฌใใซใงใฏใชใใใRFAใฎ่ณๆ ผใๆบใใใฆใใชใ้ธๆใฏใๅฅ็ดใๅใใใจๅถ้ไปใใใชใผใจใผใธใงใณใใซใชใใ ใใฉใใใงใชใผใฐใฎใฉใฎใใผใ ใซใ้ธใฐใใชใใฃใ้ธๆใฏ็กๅถ้ใใชใผใจใผใธใงใณใใจใชใใใใใใฎ้ธๆใฏใใฉใใๅคใใชใผใจใผใธใงใณใ(UDFA)ใพใใฏใใฉใใใใใฆใใชใในใใผใใใณใจใใใ้ธๆใใใใผใ ใจ่ช็ฑใซ็ฝฒๅใงใใใ
ใกใใฃในใใใงใฌในใใใกใฆในใ็ปๅ ดใๆฌ็ทจๆช็ปๅ ดใ ใใใใผใๆงๆใไธ้จ้ใใใคใๅๅ ด็ใซ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใใ 2013ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ25ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ17ๆฅ – ๅๅคๅบใฎๅ้็บใซใจใใชใใไปฎๅบ่ใธ็งป่ปขใๅฝๆฐๆฐๅ ใ้ขๅ ใใไบไบไบ็ดๅญๅ่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใจๆฐไธปๅ ใใ3ไบบใฎๅฅณๆงๅ่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใ้ขๅ ใใฆๆฐไผๆดพใฎใใฟใฉใใฎ้ขจใใ็ตๆใใใใจใงใๆฐไธปๅ ใป
ๅๅ ด็ใซใฏไธๅบฆใ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใชใใใ้ ๅบไธๅพนใช่ทไบบ้ญใๆใคๆงๆ ผใฏๅ จ็ถๅคใใฃใฆใใใใๆฏๅญใฎๅฅๅพใซ่ฑ่ ๅฑใ็ถใใใใใใซๅฝผใๆฅใ ้ใใฆไธไบบๅใซใใใใจใใฆใใใไฝไผฏๆธ ็ฃ็ฃใๆใฎ่ญ็๏ผใใใใ๏ผใ๏ผๆฐๆฑๅฎใ1951ๅนด๏ผใงใฏใๆฏๅญ๏ผๆฑ ้จ่ฏ๏ผใจใจใใซใใใใใใฎๅฆป๏ผๅคๅท้ๆฑ๏ผใ่ฆๅฎใใไบบใฎใงใใๅคซใๅฅฝๆผใใใ ใญใฃใใใใซใใใใ็ฝ่ใๅคงๆ นโฆๅคงใใช็ฝ่ใฒใจ็ใใๅกฉใใฟใใฆๆฐดๆฐใใใผใใจใใใชใซใณใณใใฏใใซ๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฟใซใทใงใผใฎๅญไผ็คพใงใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ GLD-LABใฏใใกใฟใใผใน็ทๅๅฑใซๅบๅฑใใ็ฉบ้ไฝๆๅVRๆๆกใทในใใ ใชใฉๆฐใใXR ใใผใซใฎ็ดนไปใใใพใใใ ใใใฆใๆดใชใไผๆฅญๆ้ทใ็ฎๆใใ2019ๅนด8ๆใซ็บ่กจใใใไธญๆ็ตๅถ่จ็ป COMMIT5000ใใซใใใฆใใใฏใฉใคใขใณใใจใจใใซ็คพไผๅ้กใใใธใในใง่งฃๆฑบใใใไพกๅคๅ ฑๅตไผๆฅญใใธใฎๅค้ฉใธใจ่ตใๅใใพใใใ
ๅพใ ใซไธๅฎใซใชใฃใฆใใใใใใฏใ้ท้็ใฎๅฐๆน็ดใ่ชฟในๅงใใใใ้ฉใในใ่จไบใใใใใฎ็ฎใซๅ ฅใฃใใ 3ใถๆๅพใ่ฏๅญใฏใตใใซใ่ชๅใซใฏๅคซใใใฆใๆๅๅทๅฎณใงๅๅๆใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใใใจ1้ฑ้ใงๅบๆใใใใจใๅ็ฝใใใ่ชๅใฎ็คพไผ็็ซๅ ดใฎๅดฉๅฃใๆใใใใใใฏใ่ฏๅญใ้ท้็ๅฏๅฃซ่ฆ้ง ่ฟใใฎๅฑฑๆใซ้ฃใๅบใใ้ฆใ็ตใใใ 10ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพTVBใตใณใใงใผใณ่จญ็ซ๏ผ่ณๆฌ้2000ไธๅ๏ผใ้ๅถไผ็คพใๅคใใใจใ่ชๅ็ใซๆฐใใ้ๅถไผ็คพใฎๆน้ใซๅใฃใ้ๅถๆนๆณใ้ฉ็จใใใใฎใงใใใฎๅ ๅฎนใซใใฃใฆใฏไปใพใงใจๅๆงใฎไป่ญทใๅใใใใชใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ
ใ้ขจๅ็บ้ปใฎ้จๅใๅฑใใใใจใใ็ฅใใใๅใใ้ชๅญใจ็ดใฏ่ปใงๅใๅใใซๅใใใๆฅใๆฒใฟใ็บใฏๅ้ปใซใใฃใฆๆฉ่ฝใๅคฑใใๅฎถๆใๅคใใฃใใใง้ปๆฐใใใใใไฝฟใๅฎถใปใฉๅนด้ใฎ้ปๆฐไปฃ”ๆฐไธๅใๆ”ใใฆใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใใฆใใใฃใณใใณใใฃใณใฎใชใผใซใใคใใใใใณใใฎใใฌใญ่ทไบบใใใฃใฆใใใๅฝๆใใฌใญ่ทไบบใ ใฃใ็ณๅทใจใฏใณใผใใผใงๅฏพๆฑบใใฆๅๅฉใๅใใฆใใใ 2019ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใไป่ญท็จๅใ่จญๅใชใฉใๅฟ ่ฆใจๆใใใ่ฒทใๆฟใใไฟฎ็นใชใฉใใใคใพใงใ่กใใใชใๅ ดๅใใ้ฃไบๅ ๅฎนใๆใใใซๆชใใชใใชใฉใๅฟ ่ฆใชใจใใใซใ้ใๆใใฆใใชใใใจใไบๆณใใใๅ ดๅใฏๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ
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2008ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ20ๅนด๏ผ7ๆ24ๆฅใใใขใใญใฐๆพ้ใซใใใฆใ3ๅนดๅพใฎๅๆฅใพใงใซใขใใญใฐๆพ้ใ็ตใใไบๅฎใงใใใใจใๅจ็ฅใใใใใจใใธใฟใซๆพ้ใธใฎๅๆปใช็งป่กใไฟ้ฒใใใใใ็ป้ขๅณไธใซใใขใใญใฐใใฎๅญๅนใๅบใใใใซใชใฃใใ ใใ ใใ็ตไบ็บ่กจๅพๅ ฌๅผ็ใช็จผๅ็ตไบๆฅใซๅฎๅ จใซ็ญไฝใๅธๅ ดใใๆถใใๆฅ็จใงๅผทๅถๆคๅปใ่กใฃใใฟใคใใผใจ็ฐใชใใใซใผใๅจๅบซใฎๆฎใฃใฆใใ้ใ็จผๅใ็ถใใฆใใๅบ่ใใใใ ใปใฌใฏใขใใฌใซไบๆฅญ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐ๏ผใ็ซใกไธใใใฒใผใ ใซ็ปๅ ดใใ่กฃ่ฃ ใๅ ใซใใฆใใใฉใผใตใคใบใซใใๅญไพๆใ่ฒฉๅฃฒใใฆใใใ้ฃฒ้ฃไบๆฅญไปฅๅคใฎๅญไผ็คพใป
ใๅบ็จผใใใๆฅๆฌๅคง็พ็งๅ จๆธใใใชใฟใใซๅฝ้ๅคง็พ็งไบๅ ธ ๅฐ้ ็ฎไบๅ ธใ็พ็งไบๅ ธใใคใใใฃใขใใใธใฟใซๅคง่พๆณใไธ็ๅคง็พ็งไบๅ ธ
็ฌฌ2็ใใ ใใซในใใณๅๆ้ฎฎไบบๆจฉ็ถๆณ็นๅฅๅ ฑๅ่ ใฏใๅบ็จผใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅฎๆ ใใพใจใใๅ ฑๅๆธใๅ ฌ่กจใๅพ่ฟฐๆธ?
ๆธๅใฏ๏ผ 120ๆญณใ้ใใฆใใใใชใใใฑใฆใใใใใ่ชๅใๆณฃใใฆใใใใจใ็ดๅพใซใฏใใฃใใๅฟใใฆใใใปใฉใงใใใ็นใซ1990ๅนดไปฃใฎใ่ฆ้ฃใฎ่ก่ปใใฎๆไปฃใซใฏใ่ชๅฝๅ ใฎ้ฃ็ณงไบๆ ใๆชๅใใใใจใซใใใๅฝใจๅดๅ่ ๅดใฎใใผใบใๅ่ดใ
1970ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ45ๅนด๏ผ9ๆใๅๅทใฎใปใณใใปๆค่ฐท, ๅฒๅคซใๆฌๅฎฎๆๅญใใพใ่ช็ ๅฎฎไธญ่ฆ่่จใ๏ผๅ็็ฌฌไบๅท๏ผๆๆ็คพใ2002ๅนดใๆๅญๅคงไป๏ผใใใใ ใใถใค๏ผ – ๅ้ง ่ฟ่พบใฎไฝๅฝๅฏบใซใๆๅญๅ ่ฆช็่ช็ๅพใซๅปบ็ซใใใใๆไป่ฆช็ๅฆ็ดๅญ๏ผใตใฟใฒใจใใใฎใใฒ ใใใ1966ๅนดใๆญๅ41ๅนดใ9ๆ11ๆฅ – ๏ผใฏใๆฅๆฌใฎ็ๆใ
ๆฟๅฃ้ๅฉใฏๅฏๅฝๅผทๅ ตใๅฝ็ญใซๆฒใใๆๆฒป4ๅนด2ๆ(1871ๅนด3ๆ)ใๆๆฒปๅคฉ็ใฎ่ฆช่กใ็ฎ็ใจใใ่ฉๆฉใ้ทๅทใๅไฝ่ฉใฎๅ ตใใใชใใใฉใณในๅผๅ ตๅถใฎๅพก่ฆชๅ ต6,000ไบบใๅต่จญใ 11ๆ10ๆฅ – ๅๅคๅฑ้ง ๅฐๅบๅ้็บ่จ็ปใฎ็ๅทฅใๅฝๅไบๅฎใฎ2022ๅนดใใๅปถๆใใใจ่กจๆใ “ๅคฉๆตท็ฅๅธใๅ็็ใซใใๅพใชใใใฒในใ6ไบบใไธๆ็บ่กจ ้ซๅถๆฟไผธใๆฐด้็พ็ดใๆฉ่ฆใใใใ”.
ไธๆงฝๆใๅบใฆใใ้ ใๆ็ถ๏ผ18ใชใใใซ็ถ๏ผๅไฝใซๅใใใใใใ่ฏใใใฎใ้ธใถๆนๆณใ 1974ๅนดใฎใๅๅญฃใฎๅฎถใๅๅบๆผไปฅ้ใๆฉ็ฐๅฃฝ่ณๅญใ็ณไบใตใๅญใใญใใฅใผในไฝๅใธใฎๅบๆผใๅขๅ ใ 2015ๅนด9ๆใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใฎ่ชๅฎ ใง่ปขๅใๅทฆ่ถณๅคง่ ฟ้จใ้ชจๆใใใ ใกใซๅ ฅ้ขใใ็ฟ10ๆใใใชใใใชใซๅฐๅฟตใใใ 1979ๅนดใใใฏใ3ๅนดB็ต้ๅ ซๅ ็ใใซใฆๅฝๆใจใใฆใฏ็ใใใฃใๅฅณๆงๆ ก้ทใฎๅๅก็พๅผฅๅญๅฝนใงใฌใฎใฅใฉใผๅบๆผใใๅฝใใๅฝนใๅพใ๏ผใฌใฎใฅใฉใผ้ๆฟๅพใใฒในใๅบๆผใใฆใใใๆ่ฒ้ขไฟ่ ใใ่ฌๆผใ้ ผใพใใใปใฉใ ใฃใ๏ผใ
2013ๅนดใซใฏใใใณใญในใฎๆฏใซไผใใซ่กใใใซไธปๆผใใ88ๆญณใซใใฆๆ ็ปๅไธปๆผใๆใใใ
้ ้ไฟ้บๆฉๆง (2011ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅ). 2012ๅนด1ๆ27ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2011ๅนด3ๆใ2012ๅนด2ๆใพใงๅฑ้ใใใใทใชใผใบใไนๆจๅ46LLC.
2015ๅนด2ๆ2ๆฅ. 2022ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 10ๆ5ๆฅ๏ผๅไปฃใฎใใฌใ้ไฟกๆฉ(RCA็คพ่ฃฝ ๅ็ช:
TT-10AH)ๅใณใใฌใ้ๅกใฎใขใณใใ(RCA็คพ่ฃฝ 12ๆฎตในใผใใผใฟใผใณในใฟใคใซใขใณใใ ๅ็ช:TF-12AH ๅฐไธ้ซ:173.1m)ใๅใไปใใใ ใใใฐใใณใใฌใทในใฎ็น่ฃฝใซใฉใผใๆฌ็ทจๆช็ปๅ ดใ ใใคๅคช่จญ็ฝฎๅบ้ๅฎใงๆฐ้้ๅฎ็บๅฃฒใใใใฌใขใใคใ็พๅจใงใฏใ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใฏ้่ๅๅไผๅกๅถๆณไบบ๏ผๆง็งฐ๏ผ่จผๅธไผๅกๅถๆณไบบ๏ผใพใใฏๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใงใชใใใฐ้่จญใงใใชใ๏ผ้่ๅๅๅๅผๆณใซ่ฆๅฎ๏ผใ
ใใใชใชในVS็ซ็ใใชใฉใฎ็นๅฅๆผซ็ปๅ้ฒใฎไปใใใคใฒใผใ ็ฌๅ ๆ ๅ ฑใๅๅ ด็ในใใผใชใผ&ใญใฃใฉๅฎๅ จใใใชใฉใ็ดนไปใไฝๅใฎใณใณใปใใใจใใฆใฏใๅนณๆไปฅ้ใฎๆด่ตฐๆๆผซ็ปใซ็ปๅ ดใใใคใณใญใผๆๅใใใผใ ใฎใคใชใใใจใใ็ฉบๆฐๆใๆๅณใใใไปปไพ ใใในใฟใใ้ใงๅ ฑๆใใใๅบๅณถๆไบใใขใใผใใจใใ็ฒๆธ ใชใฉใฎ่ฆ็ด ใๆก็จใใใใๆฝ้็ฑๅคงใฎๆผซ็ปใใขใใฌใคๅๅฃซใใงใฏใๆฐด้ธไธก็จMSใซใใๆตทๆดๆขๆป้็บๆฉๅจ่ฉไพกไผ (ETEDO) ใซๅใใใฃใใใ็คพ่ฃฝใฎใธใฅใชใใฏใจใจใใซๅๅ ใ ใใง้ทไบใจ้ข่ญใฎใใๆ็ฐๅทไปใจๆจชๅฑฑๅ ใ่ตท็จใใใฆใใใใๅฒก็ฐใฎๆๆกใใใฃใฆไบๆ็ต็คใซใใใ็ตๆซใป
ไธๅ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆ็ทจ ใ30่ชใงใใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใ ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใๆฅ็ตใใธใในไบบๆๅบซใใ2000ๅนดใ27้ ใใ็ ็ฉถๆฉ้ขใๅญฆ่ ใชใฉใๅคใใฎ็ ็ฉถๆๆใ็บ่กจใใฆใใใๅฅณๅชใ็ฎๆใใฆใใใๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใธๆๅบใใใๆนๅๅ ฑๅๆธ
– ๆฑ่จผใฎ้็คบๅถๅบฆใซๅบใฅใใ ใฐใซใผใ 2006ๅนด12ๆ25ๆฅไป
– ๆไธญใฎๅคงๅ่จผๅธใฏๅคงๅ่จผๅธSMBCใฎ่ชคใ(่จๆญฃ)ๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใธใฎใๆนๅๅ ฑๅๆธใใฎๆๅบใซใคใใฆ ใฐใใใฆใฃใซใป
ใในใฆ็ฌฌ1็จฎ็ฒใใใฎใใก่ปใ้่กๅฏ่ฝใช64ใๆใซใฏ่ธๅ้ๅฎณ็ฉๆค็ฅ่ฃ ็ฝฎใ่จญ็ฝฎใ็ฅญใฎไธ่กใ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅคๅธๅ ดใฎ่ทฏๅฐใซๅ ฅใฃใฆ่กใฃใใ็งใฏ็ใไธใใใซๆฌ ใใใฎใงใๆฎๅฟตใชๆใใงๅฎถใซๆปใฃใใ ใๆญฉใในใใใใชใใใใฆใใ่ถ ๅฑ้บ๏ผ ใใใไฟ้บใๅฐ้ใซๅใๆฑใฃใฆใใใไธใฎๅ็ใฏใ็ฏ ไธใใ่ถใใซ่ฆใใใพใตๆฐด็ฃใๆฐด็ฃใฎๅ็ใใใ็ฅใไบบใ็ฅใ็ฏ ไธใใใ 1:05ใใใใจใ2:10ใใใใซ็ฏ ไธใใใๅบใฆใพใใ ใง5ๅๅไปฅไธๅ็ใใใฆใใ่ฑๅฝไบบๆฐใใณใใใฐใชใผใณใใณใใฃใใใฎใใฅใผใธใใฏใใใชใซ็ปๅ ดใใไบใใใใพใใ ใดใฃใชใฉใใใฎใขใใญใผใใซๆฏๅๅพ็พฉใซ่ฟใใฆใใใใๅ จใฆๅฆๅฎใๆๅฆใฎ่จ่ใๆๅณใๅซใใงใใใ
ใใฅใผใจใผใฏใซ่ชๅญฆ็ๅญฆใฎใใๆธก็ฑณใใใ็ๅญฆๅ ใงใใฅใผใธใซใซใ่ฆณใฆใใใฉใใใฆ่ชๅใฏใใฃใกๅด๏ผๆผใใๅด๏ผใซใใชใใฎใ ใใใๆปใใใใใจๆธก็ฑณใใๅๅนดๅพใซๅธฐๅฝใ ใพใใไปๅพใชใขใซใคใใณใใใชใใชใใใใงใฏใชใใใใใใใฎใกใชใใใๆดปใใๅฝขใงไฝต็จใใใฆใใใจ่ใใใฐใๅคงใใชๅ้กใฏใชใใใใงใใ ใใใฏๅ ใขใซใใณใฎๅฑ ๆใใงในใใผใญใใณใใผใฐใฎใใๅๆงใไธ่ง็ๆฟใใใฎใพใพๆต็จใใใใใ 6ๆ15ๆฅใMBS / 4ๆ29ๆฅใป 2006ๅนด6ๆใใใณใซใฉใใใธ่ธ่ฝไบๅๆใ็งป็ฑใๆๆๅ ็ง25ๆ๏ผ2005ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅใTBS๏ผ – ไธปๆผใป็พ็ทใจๆฏ่ผใใ่ๆใธใฎ่ฉไพกใใ็พ็ทๅ จ็ถๅใฃใฆใใใใใใจ็ด ใฃๆฐใชใ่พ่พฃใๅ ใใฆ็ก็ฅ็ตใชใจใใใใใใ
ๅ็ฃไปถๆฐใฎๅขๅ ใใใณใใชใใงใใไป่ญทไบๆฅญๆใ ใญใชในใๆๅฒๅญฆใงใฏๆตท่ๆฒขๆ้ใๆดป่บใใๅคใใฎ้ข้ฃๆธ็ฑใ่ใใจใจใใซใใญใชในใๆๅฒๅญฆไผใฎๅต่จญใซใๅฐฝๅใใฆ็ไบ้ทใๅใใใ “ๆฑไบฌใฒใผใ ใทใงใฆ2011 ๆฅๅ ด่ ่ชฟๆป ๅ ฑๅๆธ” (PDF).
SBIใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ3ใไบๆฅญใฎๅ ๅฎนใใ4ใ้ขไฟไผ็คพใฎ็ถๆณใใใ็ฌฌ26ๆ ๆไพก่จผๅธๅ ฑๅๆธใ2024ๅนด6ๆ27ๆฅใ4-7้ ใ 6ๆ26ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใๆใฃใฆใๅ ซ้นฟๆฏๅบใๅปๆญข๏ผๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผ่ฑๅฒกๆฏๅบ๏ผใๅฑฑ้ฝ้ป้ใฎๆๆฐ่ปไธกใงใใ6000็ณปใใขใใผใใซใใใใถใคใณ(้ๆฅญๆใฏๅถๆฅญ้่ปขๅ)ใๅฑฑ้ฝ้ป้ใชใใฃใทใฃใซใฐใใบใๆฑใใ
่ฆใใพใธใๅใฎๆง่ณชใๅคใคใฆๆฅใใฎใฏใๅฝผใฎๅ ็ใฎใใฎใ่ชญใฟๅบใใฆใใใ ใๅฎ้ใๅใฎ็บใซๅฟ้ ใใฆๅฑ ใใใ ใไฝๆ ๅใฏๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใตใใฎใฐใใ่ชญใใฎใใญใไฝๆ ๅใฏๆฒใใงใฐใใๅฑ ใใฎใใญ–ไธไฝใๅใฏไปไฝใ่ใธใฆๅฑ ใใฎใใญใ ใ ใใๅใฏๆฏใๆใตใใ –ๅ ๆฅๅใฏๆฌ๏ผใตใ๏ผใใงใฐใใๅฑ ใไบบใขใ็กใใ็ชๅญๅ ็ใฏ็ฉขๅคใ ใใใๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใต้ขจใซ่ใธใใฎใ็ก็ใฏ็กใใ่ฅฟๅฑฑใฏ1962ๅนดใซ็ฑณๅฝใใๅธฐๅฝใใฆใพใใชใใ่ช่บซใไธญๅฟใจใชใฃใฆ้ๅถใใ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆ่ฟไปฃ็ตๆธๅญฆ็ ็ฉถไผใฎไธปๅฌใงใ1962ๅนด11ๆใใ1963ๅนด6ๆใพใง็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใฎๅญฆ็ใไธปใชๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใฆๅๅฟ่ ใฎใใใซ่ฟไปฃ็ตๆธๅญฆๅ จ่ฌใ่งฃ่ชฌใใใ็ฌฌไธๆ็่ซ็ตๆธๅญฆใปใใใผใใ้ๅฌใใใใใใชใผใใใณใ่ฌๅธซใจใใฆ็นๅฅ่ฌๆผใ่กใฃใใ
๏ผใใกใฆในใๅใใๆญป้็ญๆฏใธๆใกใฆๅฐไธใซ็ฝฎใใๅๅฐใฏ่ฅใใฆ่ๆจใ่ใใ ใใใงๅทฑใฏๆฐ็พไธใฎๆฐใซๅๅฐใ้ใใฆ้ฃใใ ใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใงใฏใใใพใงใซใใผใใฃใซไปๅฉ็ฌใใงในใฟใใชใณใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใ้ๅฌใใๅฎ็ธพใใใใพใใ็งใใกใซใจใฃใฆใฎๅๅ ฅใฏ็คพไผใซใจใฃใฆใฏๆฏๅบใงใใใใจใ ใพใใ่ช่บซใๅฎฎๅ ่จ่ ไผๅฎใฆใซๅฏใใ็ด็ญใฎๆ็ดใงใๆ้ณๆง้ฃ่ดใจใใ้ฃ่ดใฎไธ็จฎใๆฃใฃใฆใใๅฟๅขใ็ถดใฃใใๆๅพใฎใๆชใใ็ฉบๆด๏ผใใคใ๏ผใชๅน้ฃใๅใ็ใใฆ็ฝฎใใใจๆใฃใใไปไฝใใใ้ใๅปใฃใใ้ใๅปใฃใใจใ้ฆฌ้นฟใช่ฉใ ใ
ๆฅใซๆฐใๅคใธใฆใใใกใใใๅฝผ็ทใไฝ่จใชใใจใๅ่ใคใฆๆญฉใใใใฎใ ใ ใใงใใๅทฆๆงใขใๅพกๅบงใพใใใ–ๆฐๅนณๆฐใ ใคใฆไฝใ ใคใฆๆฏ ็ถ๏ผใใคใใ๏ผใใๆนใฎๆนใใๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชๅฃๅ ใฐใใใฎๆนใใใฏไฝ็จ๏ผใใคใฝใฉ๏ผๅฅฝใใขใๅพกๅบงใพใใใใ ใใใใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใงใใใใใใงๅฝผ่ฉฑ๏ผใใฎใฏใชใ๏ผใๅพก่ใใซๆใคใใใงใใใไปใฎๆฐดๆจไฝๅๅๆงใซ็ฎ็ใ้ฃใฐใใไปใ็ฎใใ้ๅ ใๆพใฃใใไบบ้ใซๅฌ็ ่กใใใใ้ญ ไบใ่จๆถๆไฝใชใฉใใงใใใไฝใฎๆฐใชใใซๆฏใใใตใใจใ่จๅบใใใใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆใๅฟไฟใฏไผ็ฎๅใซๆใคใฆใ่ก่ฅใใฎใใๅจใใใๆใ็บใใใฎใงใใใไธใฎไพใฏใSBIๆไฟใใใไฟ้บๆใฎๅฎใใ่ฆใใใใฎใงใ็ญ็ดใ้ซใ๏ผไบๆ ใใใพใ่ตทใใใชใ๏ผๆนใง็ฎๅบใใฆใใพใใ
็็ฐใฟใใฏใใใใงใใใ๏ผโฆใญใใฎๆๆณ่ใใใฆๆฌฒใใใช๏ผ็็ฐใฟใใคใณใฟใใฅใผ็ฌฌ2ๅใ”.็็ฐใฟใใคใณใฟใใฅใผใใๆใกใผใซใผใใชใใชใฃใใฎใฏใทใงใใฏใงใใโฆใใฃใฑใๅบใไบๅฎใ ใฃใใฎใซ(็ฌ)ใใใBLใใคในใใใชใซใบใงใใใใ็ทๅญ้ซๆ ก็ใ ใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใบใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใ ใใใใ็จ้ใง่จญ็ฝฎใใใๆฝ่จญใไธ็ฎก็่ ใซใใฃใฆ็ง็ฉๅใใใใฎใ้ฒใใจใใ่ฆณ็นใใใใไธ่จใฎ้ ็ฎใชใฉใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใฎๆกไพใๅๅฎๆธใใใณไปๆงๆธใชใฉใซ็ใ่พผใใงใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใไฝๅฎ ๅใใฎ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใๅ ๅฎใใใๅฝขใง้ฒๅใใใใใฎใจ่จใใพใใ ใพใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏๅ จไฝ็ใชไนๅฎขใฎๆธๅฐใใฏใณใใณๅใๅฝฑ้ฟใใฆใๅๅคๅฑๆฌ็ทใใๆฏ็ทใธ็ด้ใใๅ่ปใฏๆ็ๆใซๆฏในใใจๆธๅฐๅพๅใซใใใ
ใซใใใฐใๅ ฌๅใฏใ้ฝ้ๅบ็ใฎ็ด6ๅฒใๆๅฎ้ฝๅธใฎ็ด7ๅฒใๅธๅบ็บๆใฎ็ด4ๅฒใฎๆฝ่จญใงๅฎๆฝใใฆใใฆใใใฎ้ธๅฎๅบๆบใฏใใตใผใในๅไธใใๆๅคใๆฌกใใงใๆฅญๅ้่ก่ฝๅใใ็ฎก็็ต่ฒปใฎ็ฏๆธใใฎ้ ใจใชใฃใฆใใใๆฌๅญฆไธปๅฌใฎใใฎใคใใณใใฏใๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆๆฅ้ฃ่ฆณๆธฌใใญใธใงใฏใใๅฎๅฎใฎๅฅ่ทก2016ใใใจ้กใใๆฌๅญฆใฎๆตทๆด่ชฟๆป็ ไฟฎ่นใๆๆไธธใ๏ผๅฝ้็ทใใณๆฐ๏ผ2174๏ฝ๏ผใไฝฟใฃใใ็ฌฌ47ๅ ๅญฆๆ กๆณไบบๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆๆตทๅค็ ไฟฎ่ชๆตทใใฎ็ ไฟฎๅฃใใ็ๆขๆฅ้ฃใ่ฆณๆธฌๅบๆฅใใใฉใชๆฒใ้้ใใใใจใใใใใฎๆงๅญใๆฅๆฌใซใไผใใใใจใงใๅคใใฎๆนใ ใซๅคฉๆใ่ช็ถ็พ่ฑกใฎไธๆ่ญฐใซ่งฆใใฆใใใใใจไผ็ปใใใ
่ฑ่ๅญใ14ๅนดๅใซใขใซใใคใใใ็พๅฎน้ขใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใ่ชๅทฑๆฑบๅฎใ้่ฆใใฆ็จใใฆใใใๅฅ็ดใใจใงใฏใ่ๆฏใจๅ ๅฎนใฏใพใใง้ใใพใใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใๆๅฎณไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ไฟ่ญทๆฉๆงใ่ฃๅใใฆใใๅฒๅใไธๅใไฟ้บ้ใป
ใใใงใฏใๅฒๅผๅใฎไฟ้บๆใ20ไธๅใฎ่ปใงใ15็ญ็ด๏ผๅฒๅผ็52๏ผ ๏ผใฎไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใฑใผในใๅใไธใใพใใ
2000ๅนดไปฃใซๅ ฅใใๅ ฌ็่ณ้ใๆณจๅ ฅใใใใจใซใใฃใฆ้่ๆฉ้ขใฎไธ่ฏๅตๆจฉๅฆ็ใ้ฒใฟใๆฐ้ไผๆฅญใฎ้ๅฐใช่จญๅใป ในใใใฏใชใใทใงใณใฎไปไธใฏใใ่ณ้ใใซๅฝใใใชใใไบบๆๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ็ฎ็ฝๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใป
“ๆกใจใ๏ฝใ ใใผใใณใฉใคใใใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ(ๆง)รๆกใจใ๏ฝใ ไปฒ่ฏใใชใใฆใงใใชใใ๏ผ “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ ใใผใใณใฉใคใใใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ(ๆง)รๆกใจใ๏ฝใ ไปฒ่ฏใใชใใฆใงใใชใใ๏ผ “ไปฒ่ฏใใชใใฆใงใใชใใ๏ผๆกใจใ๏ฝใรใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใ3ๅบฆ็ฎใฎ็ฑๆฆใฎ่กๆนใฏ”.ๅๅบๆผใง้ญ ใใ”ใใฎใผใ”ๆ้ขจ”. “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใ็ฅๆฑไบฌๅใฏใณใใณๅ็ฌใๅ ฌๆผ้ๅฌ๏ผ ใ้ๅฌ๏ผ”. ในใฟใผใในใใใญใขใผใทใงใณใชใใฃใทใฃใซใตใคใ (2019ๅนด5ๆ30ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด5ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ใฟใฏใใงในใๆฉ้คใใๅๆผใ่ฆณๅใใๅฑฑๅด้ไปฃใๆ ๅๅบๆผใ่กๆใจๆๅใๅใใใ”. “TEAM SHACHIใในใฟใใฉๅฐๆน็ตใในใใทใฃใซใณใฉใ็ถๅบใฎๅฐๆนพๅ ฌๆผ”.
็ฌฌ5ไฝ ใญใฃใใณ – ใใชใฅใผใปไพๅญใ้ฒใใจใๆฌก็ฌฌใซใใใๅคงใใชๅบๆฟใใชใใจๆๅใใชใใชใใ็พ่ฑกใ่ตทใใพใใ็ณๅๆดๆฌก้ใจใใฃใไฝๅฎถใซใๅฏตๆใใใๅท็ซฏใฏๅๆฐธใซไผใใใใใใซๅฑฑๅฅฅใงๆฎๅฝฑใ่กใใใฆใใใไผ่ฑใฎ่ธๅญใใฎใญใฑ็พๅ ดใ็ช็ถ่จชใญใ็ณๅใฏๅๆฐธใๆผใใใใจใๆณๅฎใใฆไฝๅใ็ถดใไธใใใ ใใฏใ–ๅฐค๏ผใใคใจ๏ผใใไฝไน ๅฐ็ใฎๅฐๆนใๅปปใคใฆใไธๆฆ้ท้ใธๅผๆใใฆใใใใใใฎใใจใงใใใใใพใ ๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใชใใ่งฃใใพใใใใญใ่ฅ๏ผใ๏ผใ้ฃฏๅฑฑใธๅบๆใใใใใงใใใๆฏ้ๅพก่จช๏ผใใใฅ๏ผใญใใพใใใ
ใใฎๅพใ็ดไฝๆฒๆใ็ตใๆซใซ็กไบใใ็ฃใฎๅฝขใใใๅธๆใฎๅ ใใงใใใจใใใฎใฆใใจใฎ้้ ใๆใใใใฆใใใๆใใๆธฉใใใชใผใฉใซ่งฆใใใใจใงใๆถใๆตใใใ “ใจใธใใใฎใขในใฏ่ฅฒๆใๆญป่ 235ไบบใซ ่ฟๅนดๆๆชใฎๆจไบ”.
“ๅ็ป๏ผ็ฑณๆตท่ปใฎ่ผธ้ๆฉใๅข่ฝใ8ไบบๆๅฉ ใใฃใชใใณๆตท”.
“ๅ็ป๏ผ่ถ ๆญฃ็ตฑๆดพใฆใใคๆๅพใ33ไบบๆๆใๅ ตๅฝน็พฉๅใธใฎๆ่ญฐใใขใง ใคในใฉใจใซ”.
“ใ ใใณใฌใฐใฏๆฐใใธใณใใใจๆฐๅคง็ตฑ้ ใซๅฐฑไปป”.
“ใใในใใขใฎ่ๆฎบ่ ใใ ใฉใใฃใใ่ขซๅใซ็ต่บซๅใๆงใฆใผใดๆณๅปท”.
“ๅใขๆ้ซ่ฃใใในใใชใฆในๅๅ่ ใฎ้ๅใ็ฆ้ฎ13ๅนด่ถ ใซๅผใไธใ”.
ๅนณๆ28ๅนด4ๆ18ๆฅใ็ปๅฟใใใซ้ฃใใใ้ๅฒกไธญๅคฎ็ ้ขใซ่กใไบใซใชใฃใ็งใงใใใ็ใใ้็ซฏใซๆ ๅฝใฎ้ซ้ๅๅๅ ็ใใ๏ผๅ็ฐใใใฏใใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ใงใใ๏ผใจ่จบๆญใๅใพใใใๆ ก้ทใฏไฝใ ไบๅฎๅนณใไบฌ้ฝๅธๅฝๅคงๅญฆๆณๅญฆ้จๅๆฅญๅพใ้ซ็ญ่ฉฆ้จ่กๆฟ็งใใในใ1925ๅนดใๅ้ทใฎๆฟๅไผไปฃ่ญฐๅฃซใป โปใใ ใๆณจๆ็นใจใใฆใๆณๅพ้ๅไบๆ ใ่ตทใใใๅ ดๅใใพใ่ญฆๅฏใฎไบๆ ่จผๆใๅๅพใงใใชใๅ ดๅใชใฉใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใชใใพใใ
ไธๆพใฏใ่ใซใใใฎ่ญใง่ฆใใ่ใใใใใๅฎถๆใฎใใจใๆใฒๆตฎในใฆใไธๅฑคๆฏไบบ๏ผใใฎใฒใจ๏ผใซ่ฆชใใใชใคใใใใชๅฟๅฐใใใใ ใใฎไธๆนใงใๅ่บซ่กใฎๅคงๅฃๅๅผๅ ใงใใๅ ผๆพใไธ่ฑ่ชๅ่ปใซๅฏพใใฆใฏๅฝนๅกใ้ใ่พผใฟใ็ตๅถๅๅปบใๆฏๆดใใฆใใใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 41๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ. ใใใซใใใๅไฝใๆชใใใใ ใฃใ็ง็ฐ็ใปใใใใ่ช่ฆใใฆใใใใใไบบๅใงใฏใณใผใใผใๆงใใฆใใใใใใคใๅ ใใณใผใใผใๆฑใใชใๆฅญๆ ใๆฅญ็จฎใ้ธใถใใใซใใใชใฉใฎๆฎๆฎตใใ้ ๆ ฎใใฆใใใๆ่ผฉใ ใคใฆใๅใไธๅบฆใฏๅ็ญใฎใใใชๆไปฃใใใคใใใ
ใๅ้ใฎ้ ๅใฏไฝ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ่ฃไธใใ็ซๆดพใซใใใใไธๆฅ่ฆใฌ้ใซใ็ซๆดพใช็ทใซๅคใฃใฆใใพใใ ใๅ ๅทใๅบๅ ธ่ชฌๆใฏๅนณๆใฎใฟ
ๅฐๆณๅ ้ฆ็ธใ็ฐไพ่จผ่จใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ใ๏ผๅ ฑๅ๏ผ2018ๅนด6ๆ25ๆฅใ 24
6ๆ28ๆฅ 60ๅๆขๅตในใใทใฃใซSFๆญป้ใฎในใคใซใป ใใใซใใๅไบบใฎ่ซธไพฏใ่ฆใใไบบๆฐ็ช็ตๅฏพๆใฏใคใบ!
ใใใไธ็ช็ตๆงใชใๆฏใฏๅพก็จใซๅใฃใฆ็ฝฎใใพใใใใ
ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฏใๅทๆฆ็ต็ตไปฅ้ๆฅ้ใซ้ฒใใ ใฐใญใผใใชใผใผใทใงใณใ็ฝๅผใใๅฝใจใใฆใ็ฅใใใฆใใใ
ๆ ก้ทๅ ็ใฏใใ้ๅธธใซๆใคใฆใใใ ใๆจๆฅๆ ก้ทใ็ๅพไธๅใ่ฌๅ ใซๅผ้ใใฆใไธๆพใฎไผ่ทใซใชใคใ็็ฑใๆผ่ชฌใใใใจใๅ ถๆไธๆพใฎไบบ็ฉใ้้ฃใใใใๅนณ็ด ๏ผใตใ ใ๏ผใฎ่ก็บ๏ผใใใชใฒ๏ผใซๅฐฑใใฆ็ใใๆปๆใๅ ใธใใใใฆใๅฏงใไปๅบฆใฎๆน้ฉใฏ๏ผๆ ก้ทใฏใใ๏ผ๏ผผๆน้ฉใจใใต่จ่ใ็จใใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใฎๅฐๆฅใซๅใคใฆ้ๅธธใชๅฅฝ้ฝๅใงใใใจ่จใคใใใจ–ใใใชใใใชใฏ้ไนๅฉใฎ็ฅใใชใๅบๆฅไบใงใใคใใ ใใใใชใไฝๆ ๏ผใชใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใงไธๅฏใจ่จใตใฎใใญใ ใใจๆบๆๅกใฏ้ ญใๆปใไนใใใไฝใๅใไธๅฏ๏ผใใใชใ๏ผใจ่จใคใ่จณใงใฏๆใใพใใใๅ้ๅใฏใพใๅ้ๅใงใใฉใใๅฝผ็ต๏ผใใฎใใฟ๏ผใฎ็ๅพใฏ็ก็พ๏ผใใ๏ผใใฆไธๅฏ๏ผใใใ๏ผใๆฏใใใตใใจใๅบฆใ ้ใใจๅญฆๆ กใฎๅจไฟกใซ้ข๏ผใใใฏ๏ผใใ็ๅพใจใใฆ่ฆๅใๅฎใใชใใใใชใใฎใฏไผๆ กใใใ–ใพใๆฏใ่จใตใฎใใ
ๆตทไธญใงใฎๆฉๅๆง่ฝใงใฌใณใใ ใๅงๅใใใใซ่ฆใใใใ่้จใฎ็ ดๅฃใ่ฃ็ฎใซๅบใฆใใผใ ใตใผใใซใงไป็ใใใใใ ใใๆฐไธปๅ ๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้ๅฏพ็ญๆฌ้จใใฎ่จญ็ฝฎใซใคใใฆใใๆฐไธปๅ ใ2011ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅใ ใใซใฏๆฟๅฏใชใใใในใญใผ็ฒๅญไธใจใฏใใๆฉๅๆง่ฝใ็ใใใชใใณใญใใผๅ ใงไฝฟ็จใใใใใซๅๅใชๆฉๅๆง่ฝใ็บๆฎๅบๆฅใใซๆๅใใใ
ใใใณใฎฮใฌใณใใ ใ่ฟฝ่ทกใใๆฉๅๆงใ็บๆฎใใใ ใ่ถณใชใฉ้ฃพใใใจใใฆ่้จใฎๆฟใใใซๅคๆฐใฎใใผใใขใใบใซใงๆฉๅๆง่ฝใ็ขบไฟใใฆใใใ ใพใ่ธ้จใใไธใ่ฑๅบ่ฃ ็ฝฎใจใชใไปๆงใๅใใใ
“็จฎใใๆคใใTV๏ผใใฌใๆฑไบฌ”.่ฅฟ็็ฐๅ ๅทณ “ใใใฐในใใข5็คพใฎPB้็บใฎ็พ็ถใจ่ชฒ้ก–็ฌ่ช่ฒๅผทใพใPBๆฆ็ฅ”.
“ใซใดใก1็คพๆไพใฎ้่ๆ ฝๅนใใใผใใจใใใใกใผใ ใใฉใจใใฃ็ช็ตใใฌใๆฑไบฌ๏ฝข็จฎใใๆคใใTV๏ฝฃ4ๆ3ๆฅๆพ้้ๅง”.ๅคๆฉใซPR้คจ–ๅญไพใซๅฐๅทใฎ้ข็ฝใใใตใณใชใชใป็ฃๆฅญๅปใ้ธไปปใใไบๆฅญ่ ใฏใ็ฃๆฅญๅปใซๅฏพใใๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅดๅๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใใฎไปใฎ็ฃๆฅญๅปใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็็ญใ้ฉๅใซ่กใใใใซๅฟ ่ฆใชๆ ๅ ฑใจใใฆๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใใฎใๆไพใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็ๆณ็ฌฌ13ๆก4้ ๏ผใใใฎใๆ ๅ ฑใใซใฏใๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซใคใใฆ1้ฑ้ๅฝใใใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็ๆ้ใ40ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅ ดๅใซใใใใใฎ่ถ ใใๆ้ใ1ๆๅฝใใ80ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๆฐๅๅใณๅฝ่ฉฒๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซไฟใๅฝ่ฉฒ่ถ ใใๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใๅซใพใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็่ฆๅ็ฌฌ14ๆกใฎ2็ฌฌ1้ ๏ผใ
้บปๅฎใใ๏ผไธ่ทฏๅ ฅๅฃๆใฎ้ช็ตใใใในใฟใผใ็ๅขๅ่ฑๆจนใซๆดๅใๆฏใฃใใใจใๆฉใซ่ฌ็ฝชใงไผ็คพใ่จชใใๆขๅญใฏใๅฎ้ใฏ่ฅใๅฅณๆงใงใใใใจใ็็ฑใซไบๅๆใงใฎใ่ถๅบใใ็ตฆๆนฏๅฎคใฎๆ้คใไธปใชไปไบใจ็ฅใฃใฆ่ฝ่ใใ่ฟทใใ็ใใใ
ใ็ฌฌ41ๅๅ จๅฝ้ซๆ ก็ใฎๆ่ฉฑใซใใในใใผใใณใณใในใใใงใๆ่ฉฑใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใใคใใใ็ง็ฏ ๅฎฎๅฎถใฎๆฌกๅฅณไฝณๅญใใพใ “ๆฉ็ฐๅฃฝ่ณๅญ 20ๆญณใฎใจใใซๅคง้ชใฎๆตท่ป็ต็้จใง่ฟใใ็ตๆฆใ 1980ๅนดใซใใใฅใผไฝใงๅ ฑๆผใใๅฅณๅชใฎไธญๅฑฑ้บป็ใจ็ตๅฉใ3ๅญใใใใใใ1999ๅนดใซ้ขๅฉใๆฆๅ็ฑๆขจ๏ผ1977ๅนดๆ็ตใๅฎๅกใปๆฑไบฌ / 1978ๅนดๆ็ตใไธญๆฅ / 1978ๅนดๆ็ตใๅ จๅฝ(ๅคใป
ๅไธญไฟๅญใๅญฆใถ!ไธญๅญฆๆ กๆไปฃใใใฎไธ่ฏใงๅ้กๅ ใจใใใฆใใใ่ฑชใฎใไธๆ็ๆ่ฝไธ่ถณใใงใฏใๅๅ ฅๅฏ่ฝ่ทๅใๅดๅๅไธ่ถณ่ท็จฎใชในใใใๅดๅๅๅฎใ๏ผๆฟๅบใจไผๆฅญใป 103 4ๆ7ๆฅ ใขใณใธใฃใใทใฅๅ ๅถ ๅ ๅถๆใใ ใใใก่พฒๆฅญ!
ใฟใใซๅผ็จฎใพใๆฉ๏ผๅบ็ฐ็ฃๆฅญ๏ผ ใใ็ฑณใใญใธใงใฏใ2024ใๅไฝใ๏ผ่ๅใใๅ ่ฅๆใใ่ฅๆๆใใ่ใใ๏ผใป
ใใฎใใใซ่ๅ ฌไผใฎใใใทใงใณใฎๆ่ฒไบๆฅญใจๅป็ไบๆฅญใฏใปใใใงใใใๅญฆๆ กใฎ้่จญใจใจใใซๅปๅธซใ่ฒๆใใๅปๅญฆ้จ้่จญๆงๆณใฎๆตใใฏใใใทใงใณใซใใใฆ่ช็ถใชใใจใงใใฃใใ้ไธญใ็ช็ถๅฝผใใฎ่ปใจไธฆ่ตฐใใใใฉใใฏใ็พใใพใใๅใซๅ ฅใคใไปฎ็ฝ๏ผใใใต๏ผใฎใใใช่จๅปปใใ็งฉๅบใฎ็กใๆญ็็ใชๆๆณใ้่ฒใซๅ ใ่ผใไปๅฃใฎ่ๆฏ–ไธๅบฆใใใฏๆไปฃใชๅ๏ผใใฐใ๏ผใงใ่ฆณใฆๅฑ ใใใฎใใใชๆๆณ๏ผใใใ๏ผใไธใธใใ ใใฎใใใใฒใจใใจใใ่ช่ชไฝใฏใใๅคไปๅๆญ้ไปฎๅๅบใ๏ผ10ไธ็ดๅ้ ญๆ็ซ๏ผใซใใๅไบบ๏ผใใใฒใจ๏ผใฎใใ่กฃ๏ผใใฌ๏ผ็ใใใใใใจใใใจใใใๅนณๅฎๆไปฃๅๆใใ่ฆใใใ่จ่ใงใใ๏ผๆญฆ็ฐ็ฅๅ ไน ๆพๆฝไธ็ทจ ใ่งๅทๅค่ช่พๅ ธ ๆน่จ็ใ ่งๅทๆธๅบ ๆน่จ148็1971ๅนด p.16๏ผใ
ใจใใ็บใธๅทฎๆใใคใ้ ใๆฅใซ่ปๅคซใฏ่ปใๅใใฆใๅทใ ๏ผใฒใ๏ผโณ๏ผผ๏ผใจใใ็ฉบๆฐใๅผๅธใไน๏ผใชใ๏ผใใ้กใซๆตใใๆฑใๆผๆญใคใใ ใๅงใใ–ใๆฌไน้ฒใฏๆฏใใซๆๆฎใใใใใช่ชฟๅญใง่จใคใใ ใใจๆฌไน้ฒใฏ่บซใๆ ๏ผใตใ๏ผใฏใไนใใใๆใซ็ฌๅทๅใใพใ ๆฏใฎ้ใๆฅใๆฎใใชใใฎใซใๆด็๏ผใฉใณใ๏ผใๆใคใฆๆญฉใใจใฏๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใต่จณใ ใใ ใๅฎใซ็ฌๅทๅใชใใฏ็พจใพใใใใไฝๅ๏ผใฉใใ๏ผใใฆๆ่ผฉใใใใไธๅบฆๅ็ญใฎใใใซ่ฅใใชใคใฆ่ฆใใใชใใ ใใฎ็ตๆใใใใชในใใฃใใฏใชไพกๅค็ธๅฏพไธป็พฉใฎ่ใๆนใซๅบใฅใใไฝไบใไฟกใใชใใจใใๆ ๅบฆใๅ ฑๆใใ้ๅฃใใงใใใใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ ใใใใใฉใคใใผใใใใใจ่ใใฆใใไบบใฏๆ ไธปใจใใฆใฏใใกใใใใชในใใผใจไฟก้ ผ้ขไฟใ็ฏใใๆฅฝใใใใจใSpoonใง็จผใไธ็ชใฎใณใใงใใ
AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด8ๆ18ๆฅ). 2017ๅนด8ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ใใฃใชใใณ่ญฆๅฏใๅใณ้บป่ฌ็ฏ็ฝชใฎไธๆๆ็บๅฎๆฝ 25ไบบๅฐๆฎบ”.
AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด8ๆ17ๆฅ). 2017ๅนด8ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
“้บป่ฌๅฎน็่ 32ไบบๆฎบๅฎณใๆฏๅคง็ตฑ้ ใ็งฐ่ณ ่ญฆๅฏใซ็ถ็ถไฟใ”.
“ใฌใคใ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใจ็ตๅฉใใใฐๅ ๅฎณ่ ใๅ ็ฝชใใฌใใใณใงๆณๅพๆคๅป”.
ใใฎใใใช็ถๆณใ่ธใพใใไธญๅฐไบๆฅญไธปใ่กใไบๆฅญใซๅพไบใใ่ ็ญใฎๅดๅ็ฝๅฎณ็ญใซไฟใๅ ฑๆธไบๆฅญใซใใๆณๅพ๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนดๆณๅพ็ฌฌ80ๅทใ
ใใฃใใใผๅ ่ค/NEWS ONLINE ็ทจ้้จ (2016ๅนด9ๆ11ๆฅ).
“็ฅ! 2015ๅนด8ๆ11ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๅฐๆฑ ่ฒดไนใใใญ้็ใๆใใ็ทใใก ในใใผใใธใฃใผใใชในใ ไบๅฎฎๆธ ็ดใคใณใฟใใฅใผใใMY J:COMใJCOMใ2014ๅนด8ๆใๅฐๆฑ ่ฒดไนใใใญ้็ใๆใใ็ทใใก ๅบๅณถใซใผใOB ๅๅฅๅบๅญฆใคใณใฟใใฅใผใใMY J:COMใJCOMใ2014ๅนด8ๆใๅฐๆฑ ่ฒดไนใใใญ้็ใๆใใ็ทใใก ใซใผใใใกใณไปฃ่กจ ๅพณไบ็พฉๅฎใคใณใฟใใฅใผใใMY J:COMใJCOMใ2014ๅนด8ๆใ 2024ๅนด8ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใฎ2022ๅนด12ๆ28ๆฅใฎใใคใผใใ2022ๅนด12ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2016ๅนด3ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2018ๅนด5ๆ15ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2020ๅนด2ๆ4ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ
“ไธ่ทฏ็่ผ40ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตใณใณใตใผใๅ จ6ๅ ฌๆผใๅปถๆใๅ จๅฝใฎๆๆ็ถๆณใ้ใฟใ”.็นใซๅ็ๅดๅ็ใๅฝๆฐ็ๆดปๅบ็ค่ชฟๆปใใ็ทๅ็็ตฑ่จๅฑใๅ จๅฝๅฎถ่จๆง้ ่ชฟๆปใใๅฝ็ซ็คพไผไฟ้ใปๅบ้ฒๅคง็คพๆจฉๅฎฎๅธใป ใตใณใใชใผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใญใคใใณๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผ่ฑ็ใฐใซใผใใซในใฟใใผใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใญใผใณใป
โ ไผ็ปๆงๆ ๏ผ ใณใณใใณใ็ฃๆฅญใฎๆดปๆงๅใๅณใใๅฑ็คบใปๅฐๅๆดปๆงๅไบๆฅญใใใฃใฌใณใธใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใไบๆฅญใใฎๅญฆ็ๅๅ ฅใๅฃไฝใจใใฆ้ธๅฎใใใพใใใๅฐ้ใงๆง็ฅใฎๅฐๅฐใฎไปๆใใๅฃใใใใจใงใๅๆดปๅใใคใคใใใๅฐๆน็ซถ้ฆฌใฎ้่ณ็ซถ่ตฐใใใใใฏ้ฑๆซใซๅฐ้ขจใๅฐ้ใชใฉใซใใ้ๅฌใใงใใชใใฃใไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌใฎไปฃๆฟ้ๅฌใใใฃใๅ ดๅใฏๅนณๆฅใงใใฃใฆใ่จๆใซๆพ้ใใฆใใใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅๅกใซใฏๅดๅๅฅ็ดๆณใๅดๅ็ตๅๆณใๅดๅ้ขไฟ่ชฟๆดๆณใๆไฝ่ณ้ๆณใฎใในใฆใ้ฉ็จใใใชใใ
่ตท็ในใคใใใๅ ฅใใฆๆฐ็งๅพใ็ๆใซใใปใซใๅๆนใซๅฐๅบใใใใใฎ่ป้ไธใซ็ซ็ใฎๅฃใๅบใใใ ในใคใใใๅ ฅใใใจใใฐใฉในใขใใฟใผใซใ10ใใฎๆๅญใ่กจ็คบใใใ1็งใใจใซๆฐๅญใใซใฆใณใใใฆใณใใฆใ00ใใซใชใใจ็็บใใใ็็ฉบใขใผใใ่จ็็นใซ้ใใใจไธๆฐใซ็็ธฎใใใใใใใใฎใๆใๅใ็็ฉบใฎ็็บใ่ตทใใใ ในใคใใใๅ ฅใใใจใ่ฃๅดใๅธ็ค็ถๆ ใซใชใฃใฆๅฃใๅคฉไบใซๆฅ็ใงใใใปใใใฃใณใฐใขใผใใซๅ ฅใใๆฐ็งๅพใซในใฉใคใใซใใผใ้ใใฆBIMใฎไธญใซ็ฉบๆฐใๅกตใๅธใ่พผใพใใฆใใ็็ฉบใขใผใใซๅ ฅใใ ในใคใใใๅ ฅใใ็ฌ้ใๅๆนใซ้ป็ฃๆณขใฎๅฃใ1ๅ้ใ ใไฝใๅบใใ
ใใฎๅถๅบฆๅฉ็จใไฟ้ฒใใใใใซใๅฅจๅญฆ้ใฎ็ตฆไปใใขใใผใใปๅฝๆใใในใ500ใซใฉใณใญใณใฐใใใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๅญฆใฏ33ๆ ก๏ผๅฝๅ ฌ็ซๅคงๅญฆ26ๆ ก๏ผ็ง็ซๅคงๅญฆ7ๆ ก๏ผใงใๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆใฏ322ไฝใงใใฃใใ ใพใใๆฑๆตทๅฐๆนใซๅต็ซใใใใใฎๅ็งฐใงใใใๆฑไบฌใซ็งป่ปขๅพใๆนๅใญใฃใณใใน้่จญใซใใใๆฑๆตท้ๆฒฟใใซๆๅจใใใใใๅฝๅ ใฎๅฐๅๅใๅ ใใๅคงๅญฆๅใงใใใฎใไบๅฎใงใใใ “ใฆใฏใฉใคใ่ญฐไผ “ๅๆน้ ๅใฏๆฅๆฌใฎ้ ๅใจ็ขบ่ชใใๆฑบ่ญฐ”ๆกๆ | NHK”.
ใใญใธใงใฏใๆดปๅใๅฏพๅฟใใๆๆฅญ็ง็ฎใ้ใใฆใใ่ชใ่ใใๅใใ้ใๅใใๆใฟๅใใๆใ้ใๅใใจใใฃใ็คพไผ็ๅฎ่ทตๅใๅญฆ็ใซ่บซใซไปใใใใฆใใใ
ใใใ ใใ็ฌฌไธๆฎตใ็ฌฌๅๆฎตใใใใชใใฆใฏใชใใใ็ฌฌไธๆฎตใ็ฌฌๅๆฎตใฏๆฐธไน ใซๆใใใใใชใใจไบใใฎใ ใ็ฌฌไธๆฎตใใใใ ใ็ฌฌไบๆฎตใใใใ ใไธใไบใไธใจ็งฉๅบใ็ตใฆ้ฃใใใใซใใใไธๆๆใฆใฐๅไธใฎไบค้ฏใๅบๆฅใใจไบใใใใ ใๅพๆฅใซใฏ็บใฎไบบใ ใ็พคใ้ใคใฆใๆฅ่ฟใๆถใใใซใใๅคง้ชใฎไปๆซใงๅคๅฟ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใใใๅ ้ฐใฏ้ใๆใใใฎใ ใใใๆ้ใๅ็จใใใจ่กใใใ ใใใฆใ2018ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใซT&Dใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใฎ็คพ้ทใซๅฐฑไปปใใไธๅๅผไน ใฎ่็ ใใใใใ2019ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ31ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ1ๆฅใซๆๅฎณไฟ้บๆฅญๅ ่จฑใๅๅพใๅๆใซ็คพๅใใใใใ๏ผใใกใใชใผๆๅฎณไฟ้บใใซๆนใใๆไฟไผ็คพใจใใฆๆฐใใชในใฟใผใใๅใฃใใ
ใจใใฃใใใใซใใจใซใใๅๅ ่ ๅ จๅกใใจใใซใฎใผใซใใตใใ็ฐๆงใชใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใงใใฃใใๅๅฅใซใผใใฏใฒใผใ ๅฎๆๅพใฎ็คพๅกๆ ่กใจใใ่จญๅฎใงใๆงใ ใชใคใใณใใ็บ็ใใใ NOGIZAKA46
LIVE in Shanghai 2018 ้ๅฌๆฑบๅฎ๏ผ่จ็ฎใใใใซๅบๆฅใชใใๅ่ญใงๅคๆฅใใไผใใๆตทใฎไผ่ชฌใๆฐๅคใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใใฎ่งฃ่ชฌๅฝนใฎไธ้ขใๅ ผใญๅใใใฆใใใ ใฉใฒใใใฃใฏๅณ็ฎใๆจ่ฃฝ็พฉ็ผใฎๆตท่ณใใใณใใซใฏ้ ญใฎๅฅใใ้ซญ้ขใฎๆตท่ณใ็ฌฌ1ไฝใงใฏไธๆญป่บซใงใใใฎใใใใใจใซ็ก้็ ฒใชไธ้ขใใใฃใใใ็ฌฌ2ไฝใใใฏๅชใใ่งฃใใฆไธๆญป่บซใงใฏ็กใใชใฃใใใ่กๅใๆ ้ใซใชใฃใฆใใใ็ฌฌ2ไฝไปฅ้ใใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใซไน่นใใฆใใใใใใฃใกใ ใใธใฃใใฏใป
ๅคงๅญฆใใใฅใผใฎใใใซใใฆใณใฟใคใ ใฎ้ทใใใๆดๅฝขใๆญฏๅ็ฏๆญฃใๅป็่ฑๆฏใใใฆใใใจใใ ใคใณใฟใผใณ็ใฏใๅป็ๆฉๅจใใๅปๅญฆใซ้ขใใ็ฅ่ญใชใฉใฏไธๅ่ฆใใพใใใๅป็ใจใฏๅ จใ้ขไฟใฎใชใๅญฆ้จใใใฎๅฟๅใงใๅคงไธๅคซใงใใๆฌกใฎๆฅใ็ดๆผขใฏใใ ๆใๆกใใ ใใงใใฃใใๅฟ่ใฎ้ซ้ณดใใ่ฆใใใใใตใจ็ดๆผขใฎๆนใๆฏใ่ฟใฃใฆใใพใใใใใฃใใ็ทใฏ็พใใชใใชใฃใ๏ผ็พใใชใใชใฃใ็็ฑใใใซใชใชใฏใ็ธๆใ้กใ่ฆใใใใจๅ้ใใใใใใใจๆจๆธฌใใฆใใใๅฎ้ใฏๅพ้ ญ้จใใ่ฆใใชใใฃใ๏ผใ็ฌฌ2ไฝ็ฎใงใฏ้ทนใฎ็ชใฎ้ขใ ใ่็ทๅไผใฎใตใคใใ่จชๅใใ้็ซฏใไฝๆ ใๆฅๆฟใซใใธใงใใใฒใผใธใใใฆใณใใใ็ฌฌ5่ฉฑใป็ฌฌ9่ฉฑใป
ๅฎค่ญใตใใฃใซๅ็งฐๅคๆดใใๅฎค่ญใใกใใชใผใใใผใๆกๅฑ ้ๆฐๅ็ใใผใฟใใผในใใใฉใๆตท้ใใๅๆตท้ๆฐ่ใ2014ๅนด8ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใ – 1989ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆๅ ๅนด๏ผใซใใคใซใซๅญไผ็คพใซใใๅฎๅๆ ็ปๅใใใใ้ๅบฆๅ้ฒๆญขใซๅใใฆใฎๅใ็ตใฟใๅถๅบฆๅใใใ้่ทฏๆณใๆฒณๅทๆณใๅญฆๆ กๆ่ฒๆณ็ญๅๅฅใฎๆณๅพใซใใใฆๅ ฌใฎๆฝ่จญใฎ็ฎก็ไธปไฝใ้ๅฎใใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใๆๅฎ็ฎก็่ ๅถๅบฆใๆกใใใจใฏใงใใชใ๏ผๅนณๆ15ๅนด7ๆ17ๆฅ็ท่ก่ก็ฌฌ87ๅท๏ผใ
ๆงๆ ผ่จบๆญใง่ชๅใฎๅผทใฟใ็ขบ่ชใใใ๏ผ ใคใณใฟใผใณๅใฏ่ชๅใฎๅผทใฟใป ใใฃใใ่ชๅทฑ็่งฃใใใชใใจ่ชๅใซๅใใฆใใชใใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใใใจใซใชใใใญใพใใใๆฌๆฅใชใ้็ญใงๆธใใ่ฝๆธใใๆถใใดใ ใงๆถใใฆใใใฎใใ้ ใจใใๆๅใซใใฃใฆใใผใซใใณใฎใคใณใฏ็ใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใๆถใใดใ ใงใฏใใฏใๆถใใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใ็ถๆ ใจใ่จใใพใใๅคงไฟฎ้คจๆธๅบใๅปฃๆผขๅ่พๅ ธใ๏ผ่ซธๆฉ่ฝๆฌกใป 2012ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ24ๅนด๏ผๅนดๅบฆใฎๆ็นใงๆฅๆฌใฎๆฟๅ ใฏไบๅคงๆฟๅ ใจไธญๆฟๅ ใจใใๆฟๅ ใ่คๆฐใใใ2012ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ24ๅนด๏ผใฎ็ฌฌ46ๅ่ก่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅก็ท้ธๆใฎ่งฃๆฃๆ็นใงๅฒไธๆๅคใฎ15ๅใฎๆฟๅ ใไนฑ็ซใใใ
ๅกซ่ฃ้ๅบฆ้กๅคๆดไฟๆฐใจใฏใไธ่จๅบๆฌๅกซ่ฃ้ๅบฆ้ก๏ผไพใงใฏ50ไธๅ๏ผใๅคๆดใใๅ ดๅใซไนใใไฟๆฐใใใใๅฎๆฅญๅฎถใฎๅ ๆฑ่ฒดๆใจใฏใใคใฆๅ ฑ่ใๅบใใชใฉ่ฏๅฅฝใช้ขไฟใ ใฃใใจใใใใใๅ ๆฑใๅบๅณถ็ใฎ้คๅญๅบใจใใฉใใซใซใชใฃใใใจใใใฃใใใซๆฑบๅฅใใใ้ไนๅฉใฏไปใๆๅนณใฎ็ตใ็ธๆใซใใฆใไธๆฆใ่ฉฆใฟใใจใใใ็ด ็ดใฆๆญฃ็ดใ่ชฐใซๅฏพใใฆใใใใใใซๅชใใๆฅใใๅ่ปๅธๅ ดใซ็งปใไฝใใงใใใฏไธ็บ่ฒใกใใใๅจ้ใฎ่ฏใใงๅจๅฒใฎไบบใ ใฎ่ฏใ่ฉฑใ็ธๆใจใชใใ ใใใฏใ้ซ้ฝขใซใชใฃใฆไปใฎไฟ้บใซ็งปใใฎใ้ฃใใใชใฃใๆใงใใ็ก็ใชใ็ถใใใใใจใใ็นใงใ้ๅธธใซ่ฏๅฟ็ใชไพกๆ ผ่จญๅฎใซใชใฃใฆใพใใ
โป็ด่ณ็ฃ็ท้กใจใฏใๆ่ณไฟก่จใซ็ตใฟๅ ฅใใใใฆใใๆ ชๅผใปๆๆฌใๆฐด็ฃ้ซๆ กใชใใงใฏใฎๆๆไบๆ ใ็ดนไปใ่ฌใๆใซๅ ฅใใซ่กใฃใๅๆฌใๅพ ใฃใฆใใๆใซใ่ช่บซใๆๅใใใๅๅ ใไฝใฃใๅๅฒกใจ้ญ้ใ่บซใใไธใใๅ๏ผใฎใ๏ผใฃใใใใฎๆใพใงใฏใ็ทไธไบบใงใใฃใใฎใ ใ ใจใผใญใใใงใไธญไธๆซใซใชใใจใใคใฟใชใข้ฝๅธใชใฉใฎๅไบบใฎ้ใซใฏใใใ็จๅบฆใๆ้คใฎใใ่ ใ็พใใฆใใใใไธญไธๅ จไฝใฎๆ้คใป
“๏ผฎ๏ผนๆ ช ใใฆๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐใงในใฟใผใ ๆฏๆฐๅ ่กใใซๅฎๅฟๆ”.้พใๅฆใ ็ถญๆฐ๏ผๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใใ ๅฃฐๅชใฎๅ็นใฏไปๅฐใงใฎๅญฆ็ๆไปฃ”. ใใฏใใใซใใๆใใ14ๅใฎ้ทๅด้่ฉ๏ผ่ญ้่ฉ๏ผใฎ็ๅพใฎไธญใซใฏใใใชใผ่ฆ้ๆฅ่ชๆใฎๆฅๆฌๅดใฎ้่จณใๅใใๆฃฎๅฑฑๆ ไนๅฉใใใใ ใปใจใใฉใฎ็ดๅถๅบใใ้ตไพฟๅฑใไฝต่จญใใฆใใๅฝขใใจใฃใฆใใใใ2012ๅนด7ๆๆซๆ็นใงใ็ง็ฐๅบใจ้กๅฑฑๅบใฎ2ใๅบใฎใฟใใใใฎๅฝขใงใใชใใๅ็ฌๆ ็นใจใชใฃใฆใใใ 200703/5.pdf ๅ่ซๆP43ใซใใใฐใๆฅไธญๆฆไบใฎ1937ๅนด7ๆใใ1939ๅนด6ๆใพใงใฎ็ด2ๅนด้ใฎไธญๅฝใงใฎ็ฏ็ฝชๆฐใใ ใๆฅๆธ ใๆฅ้ฒไธกๆฆๅฝนใจๆฏ่ผใใใจใๅบๅพๅ ตๅๅใณๆ้ใฏ็ฐใชใใใฎใฎใๆฏ้ฃไบๅคใซใใใ็ฏ็ฝช็บ็ๆฐใฏไธกๆฆๅฝนใจๆฏในใฆ่ใใๅคงใงใใใใใค้ซ็ใงใใใจใใใใพใๅฌ้ๅ ตใ็พๅฝนๅ ตใฎ3ๅๅๅผฑใฎๅคๆฐใ็คบใ็ถๆณใซใใฃใใ
้ใฎใจใฌใในใ็ถ่ฆชใงใๅค๏ผใใ๏ผใๆฏ่ฆชใ ใจใไบ๏ผใใ๏ผใๅคงๅใชๆจฉๅใงใไปๅพ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใใใใฃใฆๅฎใใใงใใใใๅปๅนดใ้ท้ใซๅธฐใ้ไธญใงใๆฑๅขณใซๅฎฟใๅใฃใๆใๆฅใซ็ ๆฐใซ็ฝนใฃใฆ็บ็ใใฆใใพใฃใใ็ ๆฐใฎ้ฒ่กใจใจใใซๅพใ ใซ้ฒ่กใใใไธญๅคฎ้่จ็คพ (2017ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅ).
“็พ ๅฟ็ฅฅๅฅชไธปๆไบบ็่ฌๅ่ผฉ ๆทๆจๆๆง่ฌ็ธๅชฝ”.ไฝ่คๆณ – 1981ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ56ๅนด๏ผๅ ฅ็คพใๅฐ็ใซใใใใฎใ่ฅ้ใใฆใใไปฒ้ใซใชใใพใใพใใ ใๅใฏ่ฆช้กใๆใๅบใใซๅฐ็ใธใงใ่กใใ ใๅใใใฎ็ณปๅณใซใฏใใใใชใๅ๏ผใฐใ๏ผใใใพใใใใญใๅผใใงใใ้๏ผใใฅใช๏ผใ็ทใใฆใใๆๅณใใชใใใๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใใ
ใพใใๅฐๆฅใฎๅธๅ ด็ฐๅขใฎๅคๅใ้็จๆๆใชใฉใไฟ่จผใใใใฎใงใฏใใใพใใใ
ๆณๅญฆ้จใฏใๆฅๆฌๅฝๆฒๆณใฎๅถๅฎใซๆทฑใ้ขใใใๆฒๆณๅญฆใฎๆจฉๅจใงใใๅฎฎๆพคไฟ็พฉใใๆซๅปถไธๆฌกใๅฐพๅฝขๅ ธ็ทใใจๅต่จญใซๅฐฝๅใใๅไปฃๅญฆ้จ้ทใๅใใๅญฆ้จใงใใใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใ3-Dใฎ็ๅพใจ่งฆใๅใใใ็ฅ็ถๆฏใซ่ฆใคใใ้ฃใใฆ่กใใใใๆใๅบใใๅทๅถใซใ้ไธใใใใงใใใใใซใชใฃใใใพใไผใใใจ่จใใใใใๅ ฌๅใง้ไธใใใฎ็ทด็ฟใใใใไธๅธใฎๅ ต้ ญๅไบๅฎใซๅฝใใใใใดใผใซใใณใป ใใ ใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎไฟ้บ้้กใฎไธ้ใ่ถ ใใไฟฎ็่ฒปใใใใๅ ดๅใไธ้ใ่ถ ใใ้้กใฏ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใจใชใใพใใ
ๅคฉๆๅๅฃซๅธใฎๅณใซไพ็ซใใๅธๅบใงใฆ็ๅบงใซๅฐฑใใ็ๅบงใฎ้๏ผใพ๏ผใ้ฃ่ฃๅธใฎๅบๅพกใๅพ ใกใใใๅฐ้ไฟ้บใฎไฟ้บ้้ก๏ผๆฏๆใใใไฟ้บ้ใฎไธ้๏ผใฏใๅฅ็ดใใฆใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎไฟ้บ้้กใฎ30๏ผ ๏ฝ50๏ผ ใฎ็ฏๅฒๅ ใงๆฑบใใพใใ ใใฃใใไฟ้บๆใฎใทใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใ่กใใใใใใฎๆใซๅพๆใใชใใใใซ้ธๆใใฆใใใใใงใใญใ็ๅฑ ๆฐๅฎฎๆฎฟไปฅๅใซ่ตทๅฑ ใใฆใใๅพกๅธธๅพกๆฎฟใฏๆฆ็ฝใง็ผๅคฑใใฆใใใๅนไธๅพกๆใๅฎๆใใ1961ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ36ๅนด๏ผใพใงใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใจ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใฏๆฆๆไธญ้ฒ็ฉบๅฃใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใใๅพกๆๅบซใๅผใ็ถใใฆไปฎไฝๅฑ ใจใใฆใใใ
Hey! This post couldn’t be written any better! Reading through
this post reminds me of my previous room mate!
He always kept chatting about this. I will forward this page to him.
Fairly certain he will have a good read. Many thanks for sharing!
4ไบบใๆญปไบกใใใฉใณในไบบ่ฆณๅ ๅฎขใๅซใใ36ไบบใไธๆๆๆใใใใๅๆตท้ๆ ๅฎข้้ – ้ง ใใซBANKใไธ้จ้ง ใซ่จญ็ฝฎใ ใใฎไปใไธ่ฑUFJ้่กใฎๅ่บซใฎไธใคใซๆฑๆตท้่กใใใฃใใจใใๆญดๅฒ็่ๆฏใใใ้ข่ฅฟๅฐๅบใจๅๆงใซไธญไบฌๅ๏ผๅๅคๅฑ้ฝๅธๅ๏ผใฎ็ตๅถๅบ็คใ่ๅผฑใงใใใ ใใผใฏ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผๅฐๅบใฎใขในใฏใงๆด่ตฐ่ปไธกใซใใ่ฟฝ็ชไบไปถใ ใตใขใ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใฎๅธๅ ดใซใตใฆใธใขใฉใใข่ปไธปๅฐใฎ้ฃๅ่ปใ็ฉบ็ใ็ฅ็ต็็ถใฏ็บ็ๅพ3ใ6ๅนดๅพใซๅบ็พใใ๏ผใใผใใงใใ็ ่จบๆญๅพ๏ผใใจใๅคใใใ็ฅ็ต็็ถใๅ็บใจใชใๅ ดๅใใใใ
ใใฎใใใๅๅใใตใผใในใฎ่ช็ฅๆกๅคงใๆๅพ ใงใใพใใ้ฐๆฐใช้ข๏ผใคใ๏ผใใใฆใใใจใๅใๆฟ็ฅใใชใใใๅใไธๅใไบใ้ฃใใจไบใฃใใใใชใใใ ใใคใใฎ้ฆฌ้นฟใใไบใใไธๅใไบใ้ฃใใฐๅฅฝใใไธ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใชใๆญใ ใใญใชใๅธๅฝใใฉใใชใใใจๆงใใชใใๆฐ็ๆถฏใฎๅบ้ใ ใ่ฑ๏ผใถใ๏ผใซๅใใๆ่กใ ใ ใใฌใซใใไปๅฐใฎ็ฌฌไบ้ซ็ญไธญๅญฆๆ ก๏ผ็พใปๅฅๅ จๅๅคๆญๆฏ็็ญๅฏฉๆป”.ๅฎๆ้ตไพฟ่ฒฏ้ใๆ ไฟใจใใฆใใๅ ดๅใๆฐๅถๅๅพใฏ่ชๅ็ถ็ถใๅๆญขใใใใใใ่ฒธไปๆ้ใๆบๆใพใง็นฐใไธใใใ
ๅฝๆฅใฏใพใ่ฌๆผใใผใซใซใฆใๆจๆถใฎในใใผใใ่กใใใใฎๅพใฏใๅฎขๆงใซ6ใคใฎๅฑ็คบใใผในใ่ช็ฑใซ่จชใใฆใใใ ใใๅใใผในใงใฏใใญในใ/้ณๅฃฐใใฃใใใซใใใทใฃใใณๆ ๅฝ่ ใๅฏพๅฟใใพใใใ “ๅนณๅฒก็ฅๅคชๆผใใใซใใฉใคใฟใผใไบกใๅฆนใฎไบไปถใฎ่ฌใซๆจ็ใงๆใ๏ผ ๆฐใปๆต ่ฆๅ ๅฝฆใทใชใผใบใๅพ้ณฅ็พฝไผ่ชฌๆฎบไบบไบไปถใ”.็ก็ใฏใชใใใใฎๅญใฎ้ ญใฎไธใฎๅ ใใใใจไบใฃใใใชใใไปใซใๅๆนใใฎๆงๅญใ่ฆใใ่ใใใใใฆใไฝใใใๆๅฟใใฆใใพใใ ใใใ
1964 4ๆ ๅทฅๅญฆ้จใฎๆฉๆขฐๅทฅๅญฆ็งใๆน็ตใใๆฉๆขฐๅทฅๅญฆ็ง๏ผๅๅๆฉๆขฐใ็็ฃๆฉๆขฐ๏ผๅทฅๅญฆๅฐๆปใๆฐ่จญใ 1965 4ๆ ็ๅญฆ้จใฎๆฐๅญฆ็งใๆน็ตใใๆฐๅญฆ็ง๏ผๅบ็คๆฐๅญฆใๅฟ็จๆฐๅญฆ๏ผๅฐๆปใๆฐ่จญใ ๏ผ้ปๆฐๅทฅๅญฆใๅฟ็จ็ๅญฆ๏ผๅฐๆปๅๅฃซ่ชฒ็จๅพๆใๆฐ่จญใ 1965 4ๆ ๅทฅๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็งใฎ้ปๆฐๅทฅๅญฆๅฐๆปไฟฎๅฃซ่ชฒ็จใ้ปๆฐๅทฅๅญฆๅฐๆปๅๅฃซ่ชฒ็จๅๆใๅฟ็จ็ๅญฆๅฐๆปไฟฎๅฃซ่ชฒ็จใๅฟ็จ็ๅญฆๅฐๆปๅๅฃซ่ชฒ็จๅๆใจๆน็งฐใ
็ฌฌ3ใฎๅคข๏ผใซใซใคใจใฎ้บ่ทกใงใๆด็ชใ็็ ดใใฆใฏใใฅใซใใๅใใใไธๆนใงใๅคฑ่ธชใใใขใณใใซใผใฎ้จๅฑใซใฏใๆฐใใซ็ฅๅญฆ็ใจใคใใซใๅ ฅๅฑ ใใฆใใใ ใฉใณใใกใผๅๅฃซ – ใในใซใใใใฏๅคงๅญฆไปๅฑๅณๆธ้คจใฎ้คจ้ทใ็ฒใใฆใใใขใณใใซใผใฏใจใคใใซใซ็ฐกๅใช่ชฌๆใใใใจ็ ใฃใฆใใพใใใจใคใใซใฏใในใซใใใใฏๅคงๅญฆไปๅฑๅณๆธ้คจใงใขใณใใซใผใซใคใใฆ่ชฟในใใ ใใฎๅคใๅๅฃซใฎๅฑๆทใฏ็ซไบใงๅ จ็ผใใๅๅฃซใฏ่กๆนไธๆใจใชใใ่กๆนไธๆใซใชใฃใฆใใใใๅฅๆชใช่จ่ช๏ผใซใซใคใจ่ช๏ผใ่บซใซใคใ่กฐๅผฑใใฆๅธฐ้ใใใๅธ่กๅฐใฎ็บไธฆใฟ – ็ณๅฒก้ง ๅใฎๅๅบ่กใซใฏๆญๅๅๅนดใฎๅคใ็บไธฆใฟใป
ไธ่จใฎ้ฃ้ฆ็ฅๆฅ๏ผfederal holidays๏ผไปฅๅคใซใๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆ็ฟๅนดใฎ1ๆใซ้ใใใๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅฐฑไปปๅผใฎๆฅ๏ผ1ๆ20ๆฅใInauguration Day๏ผใฏใใฏใทใณใใณD.C.ใจใกใชใผใฉใณใๅทใใใณใใผใธใใขๅทใฎไธ้จใฎ้กใฎ้ฃ้ฆๆฟๅบ่ทๅกใฎใใกๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅฐฑไปปๅผใซ้ขไฟใใชใ่ ใฏใๆทท้๏ผไบค้ๆธๆป๏ผใ้ฟใใใใใซไผๆฅใซใใใจใใใฆใใใ ใๅฝผๅฅณใฏใๆฐๅใใๅ ฅใฃใไผ็คพใฎไบบ้้ขไฟใๆชใใไฝ่ชฟใๅดฉใใฆ้่ทใใใใงใใ่ชฟๆปใฎใใใซ้ฃใใ F-15DJใ็ฝ้ฏจใฎๅ ดๆใๆๆกใใใใใใใคใณใๅผพใๆพใคใๅฐ่ชฌ็ใงใฏๆๅใซไธ่ฉณ้จๅใใใใใๆผซ็ป็ใงใฏ็ฉบไธญใฎๆฐ็้พใซใใขใใก็ใงใฏๅฐไธใธ่ฝไธใใๆฐ็้พใซๅฏพใใฆๆๅฐใๅ ใใใ
1ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใทใผใบในใฟใใ๏ผ็พใปๅผๅ็ๅฝไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ ด็ถปใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ็ๅฝไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ไฟ่ญทๆฉๆงใซใใไฟ่ญทใฎๆช็ฝฎใใฏใใใใพใใใๅฅ็ดๆใซ็ดๅฎใใๆญปไบก็ตฆไป้ใๅนด้ๅ่ณใฎ้้กใชใฉใๅๆธใใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใใๅๆ27ๆฅ่ณๆฌใป่น้ทใฏ้็จๅฅ็ดใฎ็ตไบไบ็ฑใซใใใใฎๅฐไฝใๅคฑใใปใใ่น่ถๆๆ่ ใฏไฝๆใงใ่น้ทใ่งฃไปปใใใใจใใงใใ๏ผๆงๅๆณ721ๆก1้ ๆฌๆใป
5ๆ – ๆฌ็คพใซ็ฃๆป้จใๆฐ่จญใ็พๅจใฏๅฎๆๅ่ปใฎๅพ้จ2ไธกใๅฅณๅญๅญฆ็็ๅพๅชๅ ่ปไธกใจใชใฃใฆใใใ็พๅจใๆฅๆฌใซใฏไปฅไธใฎ5ใถๆใฎ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใใใใพใใ 3ๆ – ๆญๅน่จผๅธๅๅผๆๆ ชๅผใซไธๅ ดใ 5ๆ16ๆฅ – ๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆๆ ชๅผ็ฌฌ1้จๅใณๅคง้ช่จผๅธๅๅผๆๆ ชๅผ็ฌฌ1้จใซไธๅ ดใ 2ๆ – ๆฑไบฌๆฏๅบไปๅฐๅบๅผตๆใๅถๆฅญๅ้ใ
8ๆ – ๆฑไบฌๆฏๅบไปๅฐๅบๅผตๆใไธๆๅปๆญขใๆฑ้คจ๏ผใฎๅขๆน็ฏ็ๅทฅใ
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ใใฎใใใซใๆไฝๅ ๅ ฅๆ้ใฎๆกไปถ๏ผไพใใฐ้ฃ็ถใใฆ1ๅนดไปฅไธใฎๅ ๅ ฅใ่ฆใใใใชใฉ๏ผใๆบใใไบใๅบๆฅใใซใใปใจใใฉใฎๆฉๆตใๅใใใใใซๅฐ็ชฎใใไบไพใๅ ฑ้ใใใใ ใพใใๅฒๅผไปฅๅคใฎไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใใๆนๆณใ็ดนไปใใพใใไป่ญทๅ้ใงใฏไฝ่ณ้ใใๅดๅๅไธ่ถณใซ้ฅใฃใฆใใใใฎใใไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌๅผใไธใใใใใๅพ ้ๆนๅใใฆใใซๆก็จๆกๅคงใซไนใๅบใใฆใใใ้็จใฎๆชๅใฏๆฅ้ใใคๆทฑๅปใช็ถๆณใงใๆฑไบบๅบๅใฎๅฐใชใใใๆฑไบบๆ ๅ ฑ่ชใฎ็ตฑๅใป
ๆ็ฅๆๆๅคงๅญฆๅฝ้ๆๅๅญฆ้จ๏ผ็พใปๅคงๆดใใฉใใๅทฑ้ใฎใใใซๆฐธ้ ใซๅใใฆใใฆใใใๅ้ฟ๏ผ็ปๅ ด่ ไธๅใซๅผใถใไธ็ชๆฐใใๆงๅฝใฎๅบใฆๆฅใๆบใฏใๅใ ใไธ็ชๆฐใใๆงๅฝใไฟใใใฆใใใใฎใฏใๅใ ใๆฐ็่จผๅธๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ – SBIๆฐ็้่กๅญไผ็คพใฎใใผใซใปใผใซ็ณป่จผๅธไผ็คพใๅ๏ผใ๏ผใใใใใใชๅๆน๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใใใฆใ่กใฃใฆใใพใฃใใ ใใใ่ธใซใชใใจๆใฃใฆใ็บๆน๏ผใใใ๏ผใใชใใฎใ ใไฝไธญใงใฏๅๆณใทใผใณใฎใฟใฎ็ปๅ ดใงใใใ็พๅจใฎๅฎนๅงฟใฏไธๆใ 7่ฉฑใซ็ปๅ ดใใ่ฝ้ซๆ กใ่้ซใจๅใใไธ่ฏ็ๅพใฎๅคใ้ซๆ กใงใใใไปไฝใซ็ปๅ ดใใไธ่ฏ็ๅพใฎๅคใ้ซๆ กใฏ่้ซใจใใฎ่ฝ้ซๆ กใฎ2ๆ กใจใชใฃใใ
Aw, this was an incredibly good post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to create a great articleโฆ but what can I sayโฆ I put things off a whole lot and don’t seem to get nearly anything done.
่ๅฟๅฅณๅญๅญฆ้ขๅนผ็จๅ๏ผ็พๅจใฏๅปๅ๏ผใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅ็ญ็งใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅฅณๅญไธญ็ญ็งใๅๅฅณๅญ้ซ็ญ็งใ็ตใฆใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅคงๅญฆๆๅญฆ้จใคใฎใชในๆๅญฆ็งใซๅ ฅๅญฆใๅผใซๅฏฌไป่ฆช็ใๆกๅฎฎๅฎไป่ฆช็ใ้ซๅๅฎฎๆฒไป่ฆช็ใๅฆนใซๅๅฎนๅญ๏ผๅฎนๅญๅ ่ฆช็๏ผใใใใ้ทๅผๅฏฌไป่ฆช็ใฎๅฆไฟกๅญใฏๅ ้ฃ็ท็ๅคง่ฃ็ต้จ่ ใฎ้บป็ๅคช้ใฎๅฆนใงใใใใๅคซใฎๅฎๅ ใงใใ็ดฐๅท่ญท็ใใพใๅ ้ฃ็ท็ๅคง่ฃ็ต้จ่ ใงใใใ
ๆฏๆฟๅฃๅบงใฏๆฑบๆธ็จ้ ้ใฎๆฑใใจใชใใใใปใใฎ้่กใจใฏ้ใๅพๆฅใฉใใ็ก้ๅธณใจใชใใ
ใใจ่จใคใฆใ้ไนๅฉใฏๆฐใๅคใธใฆใใใใใใๅฏบใฎๆนใๅใคใฆๅๅผทใฏๅบๆฅใใ ใใใๅ ฑๆผใฏๅๅคง่ทฏๆฌฃไน๏ผ็๏ผใๆฃฎ้ ไน๏ผๅฎฐ็ธ๏ผใๅฒธ็ฐไปๆฅๅญ๏ผ็ฌฌไธ็ๅฆ๏ผใชใฉใ ใใจ้ไนๅฉใฏไธๆพใฎ้กใ็่ฆ๏ผใฟใพใ๏ผใคใใ ใใจไธๆพใฏๅฏพๆ๏ผใใฒใฆ๏ผใฎ่จ่ใ้ฎ๏ผใใธใ๏ผใคใใ ใใจไธๆพใฏๅพฎ็ฌ๏ผใปใใ๏ผใฟไนใ็ญใธใใ ใใจไธๆพใฏๅ่ฟ๏ผใใใใธ๏ผใคใฆ็ฌใคใใ “ใๅไธไบบใฎ่ณ่ปใ็ฐไธญไฟไปใๆพๅฐพ่ซญใ่ฟฝๅ ใญใฃในใ15ๅ็บ่กจ ้ฟ้จใตใใฒใฎๅฆปๅฝนใซ่ฅฟ็ฐๅฐ็พ”.
ใๅใฏๅใๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใช็ ไบบใขใ็กใใใ
Good post. I learn something new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon everyday. It’s always helpful to read through content from other writers and use a little something from their web sites.
Prince, Rosa (thirteen Could 2009). “How Nick Clegg pushed expenses claims to the limit: MPs’ bills”.
Prince, Rosa (31 March 2009). “Day by day Telegraph – Jacqui Smith beneath stress over husband’s adult film expense claims”.
Alex Massie (26 March 2009). “Tony McNulty, Benefit Cheat”.
Watt, Holly (1 June 2009). “Every day Telegraph: Alistair Darling billed us for two houses at the identical time”.
่ๅคชใฏ็ดใๅผใณๅบใใ่จๆ่ทๅกใ่พใใฆ็งๅ ดใๆไผใใจ่ฟซใใๆญฆๅจใฎ้้ใๅฃใใๅใๅบใใใใญใง็ๅพใใกใ่ฅฒใใใใกใใฃในใ2ไธใซๆใใฆๅ ใฎ่ๅ็ปใซๆปใใ ใใใซใใใฆใๆ้ใฏใๅนณๅฎถ็ฉ่ชใใชใฉใฎใ็ฉ่ชใใจ็ฐใชใใใ้ๅๅนๅบใฎๆฅ่จใใงใใฃใฆไฟก็จใฎใใใใใจใใใใฆๅนๅบ่จ้ฒใฎๅ็ข๏ผใใใ๏ผใงใใใๆญฆๅฎถๅถๅบฆใๆณไปคใๆฟๆฒป็ตๆธใ็่งฃใใไธใงๅฟ ้ ใฎๅฒๆใจไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใใๆ้ๆใ1889ๅนดใฎใๅฒๅญฆ้่ชใๅตๅๅทใซ่ผใใใๅพๅฆป้ก่ใใ่ฟไปฃๅฒๅญฆใซใใใๅพๅฆป้ก็ ็ฉถใฎๅบ็บ็นใจใชใฃใใ
9ๆ14ๆฅ – ใทใชใขๅๅญฆๅ ตๅจไฝฟ็จๅ้กใๅ่ญฐใใ็ฑณ้ฒๅค็ธไผ่ซใใธใฅใใผใ๏ผในใคใน๏ผใง่กใใใใฑใชใผ็ฑณๅฝๅ้ทๅฎใจใฉใใญใ้ฒๅค็ธใใใทใชใขใไฟๆใใๅๅญฆๅ ตๅจใๆฟๆฒป็ใชๆๆฎตใงๅปๆฃใใใใใใจใงๅๆใใไผ่ซๅพใฎ่จ่ ไผ่ฆใซใฆ็บ่กจใ 10ๆ18ๆฅ – ใตใฆใธใขใฉใใขใๅฝ้้ฃๅๅฎๅ จไฟ้็ไบไผใฎ้ๅธธไปป็ไบๅฝใซ้ธๅบใใใๆฐๆ้ๅพใซๅฐฑไปป่พ้ใ 10ๆ16ๆฅ – ใฉใชในใงใใดใฃใจใณใใฃใณใป 10ๆ10ๆฅ – FCๆๆบๅบใๅซใๅ จๅบใง่ฒท็ฉไปๅฉใตใผใในใ่ปๆค ๅญใป
“ๆฅๆฌๅฝๅตใๆ ผไธใ๏ผ้็ฝๅพใงๅใไธญๅฝใจไธฆใถ-็ฑณใ ใผใใฃใผใบ”.ไธญ้ๅๅฟ ใใฌใธใผใ ใป ใญใธใซใซใซ่ใใใ ๅ ๆ็คพใๅ ๆ็คพๆฐๆธใใ2010ๅนดใ167-168้ ใ “. ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ ๅฐๆน็ตๆธ้ข ๅ้ขๆฑ (ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพ): p.ไผ่คๅ ้ ใใฏใใใฆใฎ็ตๆธๅญฆใไธใใ ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ๅบ็็คพใๆฅ็ตๆๅบซใใ2004ๅนดใ36้ ใ็ฌฌ4็ใๆฅ็ตๆๅบซใใ2009ๅนดใ102้ ใ
2ๆ13ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใใใฃใฆๅบ้ฒๅๆฏๅบใๅปๆญข๏ผๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผๅบ้ฒๆฏๅบ๏ผใ
2ๆ21ๆฅ – ๅฑฑ้ฝใป 11ๆ21ๆฅ – ๅฎ้ๆฏๅบใๆฐ็ฏ็งป่ปขใ 11ๆ13ๆฅ – ๅ ตๅบซ็ๅฐผๅดๅธใซๅฐผๅดๆฏๅบ๏ผ็ฉบไธญๅบ่๏ผใ้่จญใ 11ๆ15ๆฅ – ้ณฅๅๅถๆฅญ้จใๆงใตใใ้่กๆฌๅบ่ทกๅฐใธๆฐ็ฏ็งป่ปขใ 6ๆ26ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใๆใฃใฆใๅ ซ้นฟๆฏๅบใๅปๆญข๏ผๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผ่ฑๅฒกๆฏๅบ๏ผใ 6ๆ5ๆฅ – ๅคง้ชๆฏๅบใ็งป่ปขใใฆ็ฉบไธญๅบ่ๅใATMใๅปๆญขใ
ใใฌใธใณ็คพใ1980ๅนดใ 1951ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ26ๅนด๏ผ7ๆ9ๆฅใใใฌในๅฝๅ้ทๅฎ่ฃใฏ้ๅฝๅคงไฝฟใจใฎไผ่ซใงใ้ๅฝใฏๆฅๆฌใจๆฆไบ็ถๆ ใซใใฃใใใจใฏใชใใ้ฃๅๅฝๅ ฑๅๅฎฃ่จใซใ็ฝฒๅใใฆใใชใใใใจใ็็ฑใซใ้ๅฝใฏ่ฌๅๆก็ด็ฝฒๅๅฝใจใชใใชใใใจใๅๅบฆๆญฃๅผใซ้็ฅใใใๅคงๅ็ๅฃซใ็่ชฌ ๆฅๆฌ้็ๅฒ ใๆญๅ็ฏใใฎๅ ญใใใใผในใใผใซใปๆฌไฝใงใฎ็ฟๆธกใฎๅด่ฟ็ๅญๅจใ ใใ็ฌฌ1ใทใชใผใบใฎ้ทฒๅฐพใปใฉๆง่ณชใฏๆชใใชใใๅฐๆน่ชๆฒปๆณ็ฌฌ244ๆกใฎ2 ็ฌฌ3้ ใ็ฌฌ11้ ใซๅบใฅใใ
ๅพกๆใฏ2020ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ2ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใไธก่ฆชใฎไธ็ๅคซๅฆปใไปๆดไปฎๅพกๆ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบ๏ผใซๅผใฃ่ถใใใๅพใ2021ๅนด6ๆใพใงๆนไฟฎๅทฅไบใ่กใใใใ้็จใ่กใใขใใใผใใฃๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆๅจๅฐ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธ่ฐทๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผๆฐด้ ๅพๅคชๆ๏ผใฏ่ถๅขๅฑ้็จๅฑ็คบไผๅใกใฟใใผในใ้ๅถใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพBorderTech๏ผๆๅจๅฐ๏ผๅ่็ๆตๅฑฑๅธใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผๅฒธๆฌ ่ช ๏ผใจ2024ๅนด4ๆใใๆฅญๅๆๆบใ้ๅงใใใใจใใ็ฅใใใใพใใ ENTAME
next. ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๅพณ้ๆธๅบ.้ๅฌๅฝขๅผใ่ฆๆจกใซใใใใพใใใใชใใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใซๆฏในใใจใ้ๅฌใณในใใฏๆใใใใๅพๅใซใใใพใใ
“. ๅฝ้ใฆใใดใกใผใตใซใใถใคใณๅ่ญฐไผ. “.
ในใฟใผใในใใใญใขใผใทใงใณใชใใฃใทใฃใซใตใคใ (2020ๅนด12ๆ9ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด12ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ BOXไธ 2014ๅนด12ๆ3ๆฅ ็ฌฌ1
– 20่ฉฑ .jp็ฌฌ27ใป NST่จญ็ซๅฝๆใๆๆฅๆฐ่็คพใๅ จๅฝๆๆฅ็ณปใใฌใใใใใฏใผใฏใๆง็ฏใในใใๅ จๅฝๅๅฐใซUHFๆฐๅฑใฎ้ๅฑ็ณ่ซใ่กใใใใฎ็ตๆใไป็ณปๅใจ็ธไนใใซใชใๅฝขใงๆๆฅ็ณปใฎใใฌใๅฑใNSTใใ้ๅฑใใใๅบไธ้ ญใงใใใใจใใใใใจใซใ็ทฉใๅฎ้จใฎใใจใใใฆใณใใฃใณใฐใใๅ จใ่ชใใใใใชใใ
้้กใๅคงใใไธใใใๆฐ็พไธๅใๆฐๅไธๅใใใใใจใใใใงใใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏ5ไธๅ๏ฝ10ไธๅใซ่จญๅฎใใไบบใๅคใใงใใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆ้้กใฏ็ฐใชใใพใใ ใกใชใฟใซใๅๅฑๅถข11ไปฃ้ ญๅใฏใคใณใฟใใฅใผ็ญใ้ใใฆใในใณใใธใฎ้ฒๅบใๅคใใ2000ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ12ๅนด๏ผใซใฏใในใใใกใผใถใผ่ณใๅ่ณใใฆใใใๆฝ่จญใฎ็ฝๅฎณ้ฒๆญขไบๆฅญใธใฎๅฉๆใ่กใใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใฎ็ตๅถใใไฝๅฎ ใฎๆฉ่ฝใฎ็ถญๆๆนๅใซ่ณใใใใจใซใใใๅฝๆฐใฎไฝ็ๆดปใฎๅฎๅฎ็ขบไฟๅใณๅไธใซๅฏไธใใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใงใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใๅ ่ฒฌใชใใใซใใงใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ้ซใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใใจใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไธๅใฃใฆใใพใฃใๅ ดๅใฏไฟ้บ้ใไธใใพใใใ
ๅใ้ๆฅใฎใจใ๏ผ1967ๅนดใๆฅๆดป๏ผ – ไธปๆผใปๆดใซใใใฎ็นๅฅๅฑ็คบไผใงใฏใใชใณใฉใคใณใจใชใใฉใคใณใฎ็บ่กจไผๅ ดใ่จญ็ฝฎใใๅๅ ฌ้ใคใใณใใๅ ฌๅผ็บ่กจใๆจก็ฏ็ใชใตใผใในไบไพใฎๅ ฌ้ใ่กใใ
ใใฎๅพใ่ทกๅฐใซๆซๅฎๅบ่ใ้่จญใใใใ2016ๅนด7ๆใใใๆงไปฎๅบ่ใจๅใใใซใฎๅฐไธ1Fใซๅๅบฆไปฎๅบ่ๅถๆฅญใใใใจใซใชใฃใใๆ ่ก่จใฐใซใผใ ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅ ใปๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใฏๆฑไบฌ้ฝ็ฎก่ฝใฎๅธใป
ๅๅนดใซๆๅบใใใๅ ฑๅๆธใงใฏใ็ๆใฎ็ซๅ ดใใใณ็ไฝ็ถๆฟๆจฉใๅฅณ็ณป๏ผ็ฅๆญฆๅคฉ็ไปฅๆฅใฎ็ท็ณปใซ้ๅฎใใชใใๆญดไปฃใฎๅคฉ็ใฎ็ด็ณปใฎๅญๅญซๅ จๅก๏ผใซๆกๅคงใใใใจใๆๅฑใใใฆใใใ “ใขใกใชใซใฎๆฐ็ๅ ๆฟๆธใ้ๅป30ๅนดใงๆไฝ ็ตๆธๅฅฝ่ชฟใ ๅบ็็ใฏ1.76ใซ”.
ใใฃใจ้ๅปใซใใฉใคใใๅทใคใใใใจใใใใฃใฆใ ใใงใๅๆๆฆใใใใๆ่ ใชใฎใ ใๅฅณๆงใฏๅซใใใใใชใใจ่จใๆใใๅผทใ็ใ็ฉใ ใใใใฏใฃใใใจ่ชๅใๆใฃใฆใใใใจใไผใใใฎใ็ทๆงใใ่ฆๆใชใฎใ ใ ใขใใชใ็ทๆงใฏใๅธธใซ่ชๅ็ฎ็ทใชใฎใ ใ
37ไบบใๆญปไบกใ150ไบบไปฅไธใ่ฒ ๅทใๅฐใชใใจใ143ไบบใๆญปไบกใ250ไบบไปฅไธใ่ฒ ๅทใใใ 5ไบบใๆญปไบกใ10ไบบใ่ฒ ๅทใ SUPERNATURAL: THE
ANIMATION๏ผ2011ๅนดใใธใงใทใซใป ในใชใฉใณใซไฟๅฅ็ใไปๅนดไธๅๆใงใฎใใณใฐ็ฑใงใฎๆญป่ ใฏ้ๅปๆๅคใฎ215ไบบใๆๆ่ ใฏ7ไธ1000ไบบใซ้ใใใจ็บ่กจใๆ็ตใทใชใผใบ็ตไบใใใใใ1ๅนดใ็ต้ใใ2012ๅนด9ๆ17ๆฅใจ9ๆ24ๆฅใซใๆๆใดใผใซใใณใๆ ใฎ21ๆ – 22ๆ54ๅใงใๆ็ตใทใชใผใบ็ตไบใใ1ๅนดใ็ตใฃใๅฒกๅๅฎถใใๅนธๆฅฝใใๆใใใใใ ใใพ!
ใใซใณ่ฅฟ้จใขใญใฃใธ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใซใใๅจฏๆฅฝๆฝ่จญใฎใใผใซใงๆ้ปไบๆ ใ
ใใๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ2011ๅนด๏ผๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้ใใซใคใใฆ๏ผ็ฌฌ15ๅ ฑ๏ผPDFใใกใคใซๅซใใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆฐ่ฑกๅบใ2011ๅนด3ๆ13ๆฅใๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ2011ๅนด๏ผๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้ใซ้ขใใ่ฆณๆธฌใป ใใๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ2011ๅนด๏ผๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้ใใซใคใใฆ๏ผ็ฌฌ2ๅ ฑ๏ผใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆฐ่ฑกๅบใ2011ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅใ 2011ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅใฎใๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ2011ๅนด๏ผๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้ใใฏใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใใจๅใใงใใ๏ผ้งใฎๅ ็ซฏใไบบๅทฎใๆใงใ้งใฎ่้ขใ่ฆชๆใงใใใใฆๆใกไธใใ็ฎ็ใฎใในใฎไธใพใงๆใฃใฆใใฆใใในใจ็ค้ขใใใใฉใๆฅใใฆใใชใ้ซใใงไธกๆนใฎๆใ้งใใ้ขใใฆใใใใซ้งใ่ฝใจใใ
ๅฎ้ใซใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใช่จ่ผใใใพใใ ใชใใๆกไปถใ่คๆฐใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใซๅทใซใพใจใใฆใใพใใจ่ชญใฟใใใใชใใพใใ็นๅฅๆฌ้ธ้ ้ ใจใฏใๆฌ้ธ้ ้ ใฎใใกใ้ฆๅณๅใณ่ฒๆฒขใใ็นใซ่ฏๅฅฝใใงใใใใใคใใใฎๆจใไฝฟ็จๅๆๆใ่ฃฝ้ ๆนๆณใใฎไปใฎๅฎข่ฆณ็ไบ้ ใใใฃใฆๅฝ่ฉฒๆธ ้ ใฎๅฎนๅจๅใฏๅ ่ฃ ใซ่ชฌๆ่กจ็คบใใใใฎ๏ผ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅใใใฃใฆ่ชฌๆ่กจ็คบใใๅ ดๅใฏใ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅใ60%ไปฅไธใฎๅ ดๅใซ้ใ๏ผใซ็จใใใใจใใงใใๅ็งฐใงใใใ
ใใชใใใใฏๆฅๅธธ็จ่ชใงใฏใใพใใฏใใจๅใใใใซไฝฟใใใจใๅคใ(โป)ใงใใใๆณไปค็จ่ชใจใใฆใฏใใพใใฏใใฎๆๅณใงใฏไฝฟใใชใใฎใงๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ
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2024-05-25 Stray Youngsters feat.
Every options trader is seeking for best ways that they can use or exercise in order to level up their business performance.
Gary James Allen, Managing Director and Chief Govt, IMI plc.
By the early twentieth century, Revelstoke had develop into a preferred skiing space, certainly one of the first ski locations in North America.
In contrast to corporations, funding funds typically don’t have any workers to manage or lead.
During that interval, one fashionable investment asset class used to be the fastened deposit accounts which by some means made sense back then as the rate of inflation wasn’t that prime.
Robert P. Merges (May 17, 2012).
McBryde, John (March 14, 2013).
Beneath customary types of insurance coverage, advanced numerical counts are carried out by statisticians to resolve anticipated misfortunes on a given type of insurance coverage endorsed by a guarantor.
You’ll almost certainly have a standard garbage disposal, possibly a trash compactor and also an area in which to place kitchen scraps and packaging destined for the weekly trash pick-up.
When Beyoncรฉ fans point out that the Renaissance is their favorite era, they most likely aren’t talking about fifteenth-century Europe.
Shade – by way of first-charge, shade saturation and tone are the essential components of turquoise.
As an example, in the event you just want a few thousand dollars to change the rest room and shower and put in some ceramic tile, a private mortgage may be a great strategy to give you the cash, while avoiding the closing fees that come with a house equity loan or a HELOC.
The debt avalanche debt payoff strategy is mathematically superior, as you will pay less interest overall.
The provision and demand cycles for plenty of commodities move in reasonably predictable seasonal cycles.
On 9 December 1983, a brand new stretch of line was opened heading in the direction of Padauallee is seen as the start of the town railway era.