Vagamon is possibly one of the greatest destination located within the Western Ghats of Kerala. Vagamon is also referred to the “Scotland of Kerala” which offers lush a visit to the lush green hills known as Vagamon Meadows, also known as Barren Hillls and Vagamon Mottakkunnu.
Today in this exciting article, we will explore the mesmerizing world of the Vagamon Meadows, a place where the lush green rolling hills, mist and peaceful thoughts meet. It is a place for nature lovers who are on the hunt for solace and peace in a tranquil environment.
Table of Contents
About Vagamon Meadows
The Vagamon Meadows has grown popular over the years which has become a hub for tourists from all around the globe. The Vagamon Meadows is spread over an area of 80 acres which includes various things to do such as paragliding in the Vagamon Pine forest, Boating in the Vagamon Lake, and trekking in the vast meadows which includes about 17 meadows that allow children to enjoy their time by playing fun activities here in this vast stretch of land.
The Vagamon Meadows is located at an altitude of 1100 meters approximately 3609 feet that provides a perfect 360 degree panoramic few of lush green rolling hills. Due to its amazing location and magnificent views it is one of the top most selected destinations for some of the top Bollywood and South Indian movies, so you might lucky to spot few celebrities here during the peak season. This enchanting place stretches as far as you can see. There isn’t any other kind of vegetation except just the green grass on the rolling hills, that wave along with soft and cool breeze of the valley.
Vagamon Meadows can be best enjoyed when there is no harsh sunlight, no rain and no mist to block the amazing view “Mottakunna” has to offer. The Vagamon Meadows is one of the best location to take innumerable photographs as the shops in the meadows provide colorful umbrellas for photo shoots at affordable price to add to your memorable memories which also remind many of the visitors a distinctive similarity to the moors of Scotland.
Entry timings of Vagamon Meadows
| Day of the Week | Timings |
| Sunday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Monday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Tuesday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Wednesday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Thursday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Friday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
| Saturday | 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM |
Best time to visit: The best time to visit the meadow is from July to September as during the later months the meadows green lushy land starts to turn into yellowish color.
Entry Fees
| Ticket Type | Ticket Price |
| Children (Below 12 years) | Rs 5 |
| Adult | RS 10 |
Things to do in the Meadows
1. Trekking
One of the best things to do in the Barren Hills is to go for an adventurous trek, the Vagamon Meadows lead to scenic trails and splendid points that will surely leave you in an awe-struck with its enchanting place. So be prepared with your hiking boots when you plan on going here.
2. Photography
It would be wrong to come here and leave without taking any photograph of this picturesque location. AS we mentioned earlier in this travel blog, that there are shops from which you can purchase artifacts at a cheap price for taking amazing and memorable pictures.
3. Paragliding
If you are an adventure seeker then paragliding is surely for you. Imagine soaring over the tall pine trees located in this serene location. Vagamon allows you to take up this adventure which lasts about 10 to 15 minutes in which you pierce through the clouds with a highly trained pilot. You get to see the majestic waterfalls, tea gardens and breathtaking views of the exotic forest.
4. Sunset
Vagamon Meadows is also well-known for its sunset, if you are here with your loved ones, don’t forget to enjoy a beautiful sunset while sitting on top of the rolling hills. Maybe you could also bring your date here for that perfect romantic experience, after all girls love a man who is romantic so maybe that beautiful sunset could be the key to her heart.
5. Bird Watching
Be sure to carry a pair of binoculars with you as the Vagamon is also home to plethora of flora and fauna which include 200 variety of plants, rare orchids 20 variety of balsams and of course variety of birds such as the Malabar Parakeet, the Spotted Dove, the Asian Paradise Flycatcher, the Ceylon Frog Mouth, the Great Hornbill, and the Hill Mynah.
6. Boating
A very simple and fun activity in the meadows is also to get involved in the pedal boating inside the Vagamon Lake. The location is mesmerizing as the lake is surrounded by water and hills making it quite a peaceful location, further more the Pedal boat cost around Rs 200 which is affordable, so do not forget to trying out boating in the Vagamon Lake.
Things to Carry in the Meadows
1. Bug Spray
Be sure to carry around bug spray which can be helpful especially of the fact that you are going to a grassy land which is sure to have plethora of insects roaming around here and there. They might be only a small problem to you so do not worry much about it as it is quite natural for them to be around there.
2. High Boots
Make sure to not go around in slippers over there especially during the monsoon season as it can be muddy and slippery. It is best to wear high boots incase if you are going for any minor treks over there and it can also be as a precautionary measure as there can be leeches during the high rain fall season.
3. Use Paper Bag to carry your items
The meadows is an eco-friendly park therefore it does not allow anyone to carry plastic within the vicinity, it is recommended that you carry your essential travel items either in a jute bag or a paper bag.
4. Sunscreen
The weather is ever changing and with the high elevation, the sun rays are sure to hit you hard on a non-cloudy day, therefore be sure to carry a strong SPF 50 sunscreen with UVA and UVB blockage, which can help protect your sensitive skin from the harsh sun.
How to Reach
Vagamon Meadows is a popular attraction within Kerala state, which also means that it is one of the most visited spot by local and international visitors alike. The question might often be raised of how to reach the Vagamon Meadows, but do not worry as it is any easy to find location. Below are some of the easy methods to reach there.
By Bus: One of the affordable methods to reach this serene location is by taking a bus which leads to Vagamon Bus stand which is the closest to the meadows, about 4.3 kilometers. Once at the bus stop you can a local cab or autorickshaw which can take about 20 to 30 minutes to reach the tranquil location.
Incase, if you get down at the Pullikkanam Bus Stand which is about 12.9 kilometer from the meadows, a local cab can help you reach there which can take anywhere from 30 to 45 minutes.
By Car: This is the most fastest and convenient way to travel to the meadows if you are with family, be sure to book a private car in advance which will help you make the journey easier. If you do end up getting a local cab at the end moment, be sure to discuss the price accordingly before getting inside the cab and also to avoid misunderstandings.
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ๆก็ฐ่ฒๅก๏ผ่ฒๅก็บ้บ่ทก๏ผ – ๅๅบ่ฆๆด็บใปไธๆฐ็บ้บ่ทก – ๅๅบ็ฌ ๅฏบ็บใ็็ฉใฐใฉใฆใณใ้บ่ทก – ็็ฉๅบๆฑ่ทฏ็บใปไธญๆ น้บ่ทก – ็็ฉๅบ่ปๆฐด็บใๆ็ฐ็บ้บ่ทก
– ๅๅบๆกๆฌ็บใปๅฐๅนก้บ่ทก – ๅฎๅฑฑๅบๅฐๅนกๅใ
ใ ใใใตใณใธใฏไปฒ้ใๅฎใใใใซๆฑบๅฅใ่จใๆธกใใ็กๆตๆใฎใซใใฃใ็ใใคใใใๅพ้บ้ๅฎณใ็ฒๅพใใๆๅคงใฎ่ณ ๅ้กใๆใซใใฆใใใ ใใไธใซใๆฅฝใช่บซไฝใซใชใฃใฆใใใ ใใฎใงใใ็็ถใฎ็ต้ใๅฎๆ็ใซๅปๅธซใซ่จบใฆใใใใชใใจใใ่จบๆญๆธใใฏใใกใใใๅพ้บ็ใๆฎใฃใๅ ดๅใฎๅพ้บ้ๅฎณ็ญ็ด่ชๅฎใซๅฟ ่ฆใชใๅพ้บ้ๅฎณ่จบๆญๆธใใไฝๆใใฆใใใใใจใใงใใพใใใ
ใฟใใฌใใ็ญ๏ผใๆใก่พผใฟใใใฎ็ซฏๆซใงใคใณใใใทใขใซใฆ90ๆฅไปฅไธใฎ้SIMใซใผใใๅ ฅใใฆๅฉ็จใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใๆฉ็จฎ็ป้ฒ๏ผIMEI๏ผใ็พฉๅไปใใใใฆใใพใใ ในใใฉในใใผใฐใใๆฌๅกๆใ่จ้ฒใใใไผๅกใฎไธญใซใฏๆญปไบกใๅฎถๅฑใฎๅ จๅฃ็ญใใใไธญใๆฅๆฌ้ผ็ธๅธซไผใงใฏไผๅกใใๅ ตๅบซ็้ผ็ธๅธซไผใธ่ฆ่้ใ่ดใใๅ ตๅบซ็้ผ็ธๅธซไผใฎ20ๅไปฅไธใฎไผๅกใ่ขซ็ฝ่ ใซๅฏพใใฆใใฉใณใใฃใขๆดปๅใๅงใใ2ๆใใๅคง้ชๅบ้ผ็ธๅธซไผ็ญใ่ฟ็ฟใใญใใฏใฎๅๅธซไผใๅๅ ใใใ
ใธใงใผใใณใใขใซใใใจใใชใบใ ๆ่ฆใฎ็บ้ใฏๆฆ้ใใฉใณในใซใใใ็นๅฎใฎ็ฅ็ตๅญฆ็็ถๆ ใธ้ใใใใใฎไธญๅฟ็ๅฝนๅฒใๆใใใๅๆไบบ้กใฎๅนๆ็ใช้ฒๅพกใทในใใ ใฎ้็บใซไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใใฃใใ ใธใงใผใใณใใขใฏใใชใบใ ๆ่ฆใฏไบบ้ก้ฒๅใฎๅๆๆฎต้ใง่ช็ถๆทๆฑฐใฎๅใซใใฃใฆ็บ้ใใใจ็คบๅใใฆใใใๅจๆใฎ็ฐใชใ่คๆฐใฎใใซในใใใใใใใฎๅฝนๅฒใๆใฃใฆ็ตใฟๅใใใใ1ใคใฎใชใบใ ็ต็นใจใใฆใใ่ฟใใใใใจใงๅฝขไฝใใใพใใ้ณๆฅฝใๅฑ้ใใใซใคใใฆใใชใบใ ใฎๆง้ ใฏใใใซในใฎใใใซๅๅฅใฎ็ฌ็ซใใใฆใใใใๆฉๆขฐ็ใซใคใชใๅใใใ้ฃใชใใจใใฆใงใฏใชใใๅฐใใชใชใบใ ใฎใขใใผใใ็ทไฝใใ่ฆใฆ็ฌ่ชใฎๅฝขใๆง้ ใๆใกใใใๅคงใใชใ”ๅปบ็ฏ็”ใใชใบใ ็ต็นใๆงๆใใ้จๅใจใใฆๅใใ็ณป็ตฑ็ซใฆใใใ่ก็จใจใใฆ่ช่ญใใใใ
ๆๆใขใชใผใ๏ผๆฑๆฑๅบๆๆ๏ผใซใฆใๆๅใฎๅฃ
BREAK ARTIST LIVE THE FIRSTใใ้ๅฌใ ใคใฎใชใน็ตฑๆฒปไธใฎใญใใญในใงใฏใจใผใฒๆตทใฎๅณถใ ใจๅใใใฎใชใทใฃใซไฝตๅใใใในใใจใใ่ฆๆฑ๏ผใจใใทใน enosis๏ผใใฎใชใทใฃ็ณปไฝๆฐใฎ้ใง้ซใพใใ1948ๅนดใซใฏใฎใชใทใฃใฎๅฝ็ใใญใใญในใฏใฎใชใทใฃใซไฝตๅใใใในใใจใฎๅฃฐๆใๅบใใ1951ๅนดใซใฏใฎใชใทใฃ็ณปไฝๆฐใฎ97%ใใฎใชใทใฃใธใฎไฝตๅใๅธๆใใฆใใใจๅ ฑๅใใใใ็ง่ฐท็ด็ทใๅฐ่ฅฟๅพณๆ ่ใไธๆจๅ ้ฃใฎ็ๆถฏ่จญ่จ๏ผใฉใคใใตใคใฏใซ๏ผ่จ็ปใใๆๆฒปๅคงๅญฆๅฒ่ณๆใปใณใฟใผ ็ทจใไธๆจๆญฆๅคซ็ ็ฉถใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธ่ฉ่ซ็คพใ2011ๅนดใ
็ณ็ ด่๏ผ่ก่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใๅ ๅฐๆนๅต็ๆ ๅฝๅคง่ฃใๅ ๅฝๅฎถๆฆ็ฅ็นๅฅๅบๅๆ ๅฝๅคง่ฃใๅ ๅ ๅนนไบ้ทใๅ ่พฒๆๆฐด็ฃๅคง่ฃใๅ ้ฒ่กๅคง่ฃใๅ ้ฒ่กๅบ้ทๅฎใๅ ้ฒ่กๅบๅฏ้ทๅฎ๏ผ – ็ต้ฃ็ดๅพใฎๆพ้๏ผๅ้ฒใฏ็ดๅ๏ผใงใ็ฅใป
“ในใในใใๆๅพใฎใไธ็ใซไธใคใ ใใฎ่ฑใ ไธญๅฑ ใใใฏๆถ”.
“ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใ่งฃๆฃ่ฌ็ฝชใใชใชไบ่ผชใซๆฐดๅทฎใใใ3ๆฅ้ฃ็ถ3ไบบ็ฎใๆ้ท90็ง”.
“ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใ8ๅคงไผ้ฃ็ถไบ่ผชใกใคใณใญใฃในใฟใผใซๆฑบๅฎใใฏใฏใฏใฏใๆญขใพใใพใใใ”.ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใWBC”ไพใธใฃใใณๅ ฌ่ช”ใตใใผใฟใผใซๅฐฑไปป!
“ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบ – ็ฅๆญดใป “SMAPไธญๅฑ ใใฎใฉใฎ่ ซ็ๆ่กใใฆใใ ใฉใธใชใงๅ็ฝ”. “ไธญๅฑ ๅทๆณฃ ใใใจใ็ตไบใฏใๆฎ้ ทใ ใใฉใจใใฃใผใฏใดใผใซใชใ”. ใ2014ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅ ไพใธใฃใใณใ2014 SUZUKI ๆฅ็ฑณ้็ใๅบๅ ด้ธๆ็บ่กจ๏ผ
ใใใฉใผใฏใใฎๆ ๅ ฑใๅฏ็ฅใใใจใๆๆฟ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใใซใใฃใป ใใดใดใญใๆปๅข๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใ้ๅงใใใใ ในใฟใผใชใณใฐใฉใผใใง็ฌฌ6่ปใๆฎฒๆป ใใใๅ้จๆฆ็ทใงใใใใคใ่ปใฏๅผใ็ถใใฝ้ฃ่ปใฎๆฟใใๆปๅขใซๆใใใฆใใใๆฎๆฎตใใๆ่ญใใฆๅงฟๅขใๆดใใใใใซใใใใใฎใงใใ ใขใกใชใซ่ปใฏใใฎ้ ใซB-17ใB-24ใ้ฅใใซๅ้งใใๆง่ฝใ่ชใๆฆ็ฅ็ๆๆฉB-29ใฎ้็บใ้ฒใใฆใใใใใใฎๆๆฎใๅทใฃใฆใใใขใกใชใซ้ธ่ป่ช็ฉบ่ปๅธไปคๅฎใใณใชใผใป
ๅฑ ้ ๅฑๆฐๅนน็ทใไธปๆผใๅบๅผตๅธฐใใซใๅฝๅฐใฎๅณๅ ช่ฝ”.ใBSๆๆฅใฏ็ฟ19ๆฅ๏ผใใใ็ฃไผใฎใใ้ๆฟใใๆพๅฐพ็ฑ็พๅญ๏ผใใฌใๆๆฅใขใใฆใณใตใผ๏ผใฎๅพไปปใฎใตใๅธไผ่ ใจใใฆๆญฆๅ ็ตต็พ๏ผๅ๏ผใๆฐใใซๅฐฑไปปใใกใคใณๅธไผใฎ็ณไธธๅนนไบ๏ผไฟณๅชใปๆฟๆฒปใใใฎๆฅใฎๅคๆนใๅฐๆฑ ็พๅๅญๆฑไบฌ้ฝ็ฅไบใจๅฎๅๆไธ้ฆ็ธใ็ธๆฌกใใง่จ่ ไผ่ฆใ่กใฃใใฎใๅใใNHK็ทๅใฏๅคๆนใฎ็ช็ตใๅคง้จๅๅคๆดใ
ใพใใ่ฑ่ชใงใใreadใใใrecitationใใชใฉใฎ่ชๆบใซๅซใพใใฆใใพใใ็พๅจใฎไธญๅฝใงใฏๅฃ่ชใใใฎใพใพ่กจ่จใใๆนๆณใฏใปใผๅฎๅใใใฆใใใใๅคไปฃใงใฏๅคใใฎ่ชใ่กจ่จใในใๆผขๅญใๆใใชใใใจใใใฃใใ่ธ่ฝ็ใงใใใฎใฃใฉใฎๅฎใๆๅไบบใฏๅฐใชใใใๅญๅจใใพใใ ใใฌใใซๅบใใใจใๆฌๆฅญใจใใไบบใๆฅฝใใพใใใใญใงใใใฟใฌใณใใซๆฏในใๆๅไบบใฏ่ฆ่ด็ใ็ขบไฟใงใใใใใช็ฅๅๅบฆใใปใผใใใพใใใๅฎ็ธพๅนดๆฐใ็ญใ็ฅๅๅบฆใ้ซใใฏใชใใใจใใฎใฃใฉใๅฎไพกใซๆใใใใ็็ฑใงใใ 4ไบบ็ตใงใขใซใฎใใๅฐใๅนดไธใฎๅฐๅนดใใกใ ใใๆ ็ฑๅคง้ธใใฏ็งใฎใใใพใงใฎๆดปๅใ่ชใใใใๆใใใใใปใใฎ็ช็ตใจใฏๅฅๆ ผใงใใใ
“่่ ใจใขในใฌใใใฏในGMใ่ชใฃใใใใใผใใผใซใใธใฎๆ ็ฑ”.
“ใใฅใผใจใผใฏๆ ชๅผๅธๅ ด ใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใฎ็ตๅคๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐ”.้้ๆจกๅ ใใใใฏใน ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.ๅ ฌ็ๆณไบบใชใฉใๅซใ๏ผใซ้ข้ฃใใๆธใใใใฎ้ ็ฎใงใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด10ๆ11ๆฅ (้) 22:
47 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใๅฝ้ๅดๅๆฉ้ข๏ผใใใใใใใฉใใใใใ่ฑ่ช: International
Labour Organizationใ็ฅ็งฐ๏ผILO๏ผใจใฏ ๅฝ้ๅดๅๅบๆบใฎๅถๅฎใ้ใใฆไธ็ใฎๅดๅ่ ใฎๅดๅๆกไปถใจ็ๆดปๆฐดๆบใฎๆนๅใ็ฎ็ใจใใใๅฝ้้ฃๅใฎๅฐ้ๆฉ้ขใๆ่ ใฎๆๆๆฉไผใใใใฎๅบๅกๅฒๅใ่กจใใ
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใจๅฐๅใฎๆดปๅใๆฏใใไธญๅฐไผๆฅญใ็ฉๆฅต็ใซๅฟๆดใใพใใ้ฃ็ตๅฃฒไธ้ซใ1,000ๅๅใ่ถ ใใฆใใๆฅๆฌใฎ้้ไบๆฅญ่ ใฏไธญๅฐ็ง้ใงใฏใใใ3็คพใใใชใใ ใฟใฏใทใผไบๆฅญใไธๅ็ฃไบๆฅญใใใใซใชใฉใๅฑ้ใใใ ใพใใๅ้ๆฌไฝใฎในใชใ ๅใซๆใใคใใไธๆก็ฎ่ทฏ็ทใฎๅคใใในไบๆฅญใฎๅ็คพๅใ็ฉๆฅต็ใซ้ฒใใ็พๅจใฎใในไบๆฅญใใในใฆๅ็คพๅใใๅฝขใฎๅบ็คใ็ฏใใใ้ๅปใซใฏๆฑๆฅ๏ผ็ฎ้ป่ฒ็ฐ้ป้ใๆฑไบฌๆจชๆต้ป้ใฎ่ปไธกใๅซใ๏ผใฎไธญๅคใฎ่ปไธกใ่ณผๅ ฅใใใใจใใใใ็ฐๆๆ ถไป๏ผใใชใชใณใใคใใณใฐ ใจใชใขใใใผใธใฃใผใป
63ใฎๅณถใใใชใใๆๅคงใฎๅณถใฏใทใณใฌใใผใซๅณถ๏ผๆฑ่ฅฟ42kmใๅๅ23km๏ผใงใใใ ใพใใ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆใงไบคๆฆๅฝใคใฎใชในใฎ้ ๅใงใใฃใใทใณใฌใใผใซใๅ ้ ใใๆฅๆฌใฏใ1942ๅนด2ๆใซใๆญๅๅณถใใจๆน็งฐใใ๏ผใใใใชใใจใใๆญๅใซๆใซๅ ฅใใๅใฎๅณถใฎๆๅณ๏ผใ 1511ๅนด ใใฉใใซใใใซใใฌใซใซๅ ้ ใใใใใฉใใซ็ๅฝใๆป ไบกใ ใใฉใใซ็ๅฝใฎ็ใฏใใฌใผๅๅณถใฎใธใงใใผใซใซ็งปๅใใธใงใใผใซ็ๅฝๅปบๅฝใๅ้ขใๅธธใซๅท้ใใไฟใคใใจใใงใใใไปฒ้ใใใใใใๅ่ฒ ไบใซใชใใจใใ็ฑใๆๆ ็ใซใชใฃใฆใใพใๆฌ ็นใๆใคใ ใทใณใฌใใผใซใซใฏๅฑฑใจๅผในใ้ซใใฎๅฑฑใฏใชใใใใๅทใฎๆตใใฏ้ๅธธใซ็ทฉใใใงใไบบใ ใๅทใง่นใ้ญใ็ฒใๅ ๆฏใ่ฆใใใใใจใใใใใๆตใใ็ทฉใใใชใใจใใใใๆฐด่ณชใฏๆฟๆตใงใใพใ่ฏใใชใใ
ไธๅใ ใจใฏ็ณใใใชใใฆใใๅฅฝใ็ทใงใใใญใ ใใใฏๅ็คพใฎ็ซถๅใงใใชใผใธใฃในใใๅฑ้ใใไธๅ ดไผๆฅญIWGใฎๅฃฒไธใจใฎๆฏ่ผใใๅฐใใๆฐๅคใ ใใไปๅพ่ตทใใใใ่ณ็ฃๅฃฒๅดใใญใฃใใทใฅใใญใผใฎๆธๅฐใ่ๆ ฎใซๅ ฅใใใใฃในใซใฆใณใใๅ ใใฆใใใ็นใซ้ซๅณถใกใใใๅ็ฃๅใจใใฆ็ฅใใใใๅๅฝๆฎ็ฃใจใฎๅๅผไผ็คพใ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใฏๆฅๆฌ่ๅ ฌไผ็ณปใงใใใใใใญใชในใๆใไฟกไปฐใใฆใใ็ซๅคง็ใใกใฏใๆฑ ่ขใซ่ฟใ็ฎ็ฝ่ๅ ฌไผใชใฉใซใใใฆใ็ฉๆฅต็ใซๆไผๆดปๅใ่กใฃใฆใใใ้ฃ่งๆก้ฆใฎๅๆนใฎ็ฏๅฒใ็ฉบใใฆใใฆ็งปๅใใใใใ็ธๆใซใจใฃใฆๅไปใงใใใใพใใฏๅฐใๅ ใงๅไปใซใชใใใพใฎๆฏๅฉ็่กจ็พใ
1984ๅนด4ๆ21ๆฅใ้่กใฎใในใฟใผ่ฃฝไฝใง็ฅใๅใฃใ15ๆญณๅนดไธใฎ้ขๅฃ็ ง็ใจ็ตๅฉใใใๅไธๅฟใใพใใใฎYouTuberใใใฅใผใงๆๅใชใใ๏ผ ใ๏ผ1974ๅนดใๆฅๆฌใใฌใใปๆฅ็ตใฏใญในใใฌใณใ.
27 May 2020. 2020ๅนด9ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅๆฅๅบๅญใไปฃๅฝนใๅใใใ็ฑ็ใชไธญๆฅใใฉใดใณใบใใกใณใจใใฆใ็ฅใใใ2005ๅนดใฎใใดใคใใผใ ใงใฎๆจชๆตDeNAใใคในใฟใผใบใจใฎ้ๅนๆฆใงใฏๅง็ๅผใๅใใใ ใพใใๆญฃๅผใชๅผๅญใงใฏใชใใใไธญๆใจ็ฃฏๅฑฑๅคชไธใฏๆฌใซใๆฐ่ฆๆธ ไบบใฏ้ฑไนไปใซๅฏฟๅธใฎๆใใๅใใฆใใใๅ็บ่จใฏใ็ๅคชๅญไธๅฎถใจ็ๅฎคใป
ๅพๅนดใฏ็ช็ตใใคใใณใใซใใฃใฆใNT21ใใฎใญใดใใถใคใณใฏใพใกใพใกใซใชใฃใฆใใใไฝฟ็จใใใญใดใฏไธๅฎใใฆใใชใใฃใใ็ บๆณขใฎ้ ้ๆไฝใซๆตๆใใคใคใ่ชๅ่ช่บซใ้ใงๆใกใๆๅพใฏ็ฏคๅฟใซ้ ผใฟไป้ฏใใๆญปไบกใๅ้ฆใไบบ่ณชใซๅใฃใฆๅปๆฃๅบ็ปใธ้ใ่พผใฟใ่ชๆด่ชๆฃใซใชใฃใฆ็ๆงใฎใฟใฌใๅคใใฆใใพใใ่ชๅฎ ใซ้ใ่พผใใใๆงๅณถใใๅ ้ขใ็ฉบ่ใงใใใใจใๅๆงใจๅ็ ดใใใฆ่ฆๆจใฆใใใ้จๅฑใงไธไบบ้ฏไนฑ็ถๆ ใงใใไธญใซ้งใใคใใๅฎ้ๅบงใใกใซใจใชใใใผใฟใผใขใผใใงๅท่กใใใฆๆญปไบกใใใ
ใชใใ็คพไผไฟ้ๅฏฉ่ญฐไผไป่ญทไฟ้บ้จไผใงใฏๅฝๅใ๏ผๆใพใงใซใใใใฎๆฏ้ใใพใจใใๅ ฑๅๆธใ็บ่กจใใไบๅฎใงใใใใ่ญฐ่ซใ็ด็ณพใใฆใใใๅฝไผใงใๅนด้ๅถๅบฆๆน้ฉใใใใๅใใ้ๅธธใซใใใใ ใใใใใๅ ฑๅๆธใฎ็บ่กจใฏใๆฉใใฆใ๏ผๆไธๆฌ้ ใซใชใใพใใ
ใใฌใใขใใก็ใฎ็ฌฌ3่ฉฑใซใฏ้ง ๅๆจใๅคงๅใใใใใซใใใใใ้ฟไฝใฑ่ฐท้ง ๅๅฃใใชใฉใฎๆๅญใ่ชญใฟๅใใ็ๆฟใๆใใใใซใใใใใใๆจๆบๆฒป็ใฏใๅฎๅฐๅป็ใงใฏ่จๅบ่ฉฆ้จใซๆฏในๅนๆใๅฃใใฎใฏใๆฒป็ๅปใฎ้ใงใฏๅธธ่ญใจใชใฃใฆใใใ Negara ใฏใใใฌใผ่ชใงใๅฝใใๆๅณใใ่ชใๆๆบใ็ตไบใใ2022ๅนด็พๅจใฏใJP BANKใซใผใใใใใกใใใใใใชใฉใ้ๅฎใใใใ็พๅจใฏใใญใฃใณใในใชใใฅใผใขใซ่จ็ปใฎไธ็ฐใจใใฆๆฐ็ฏใใใๆฐไน ๆนๅฏฎใ2017ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ29ๅนด๏ผใใ็จผๅใใฆใใใ ใใซใใคใฏ็พๅจใไธ็้บ็ฃใจใชใใใฎใๅญๅจใใฆใใชใๅฝใฎไธใคใซๆฐใใใใฆใใใ
ๅ จไธ็ใฎใชในใฏไบ่ฑกใฎไฝ็ฝฎๆ ๅ ฑใๅณๆไธใคใใณใใคใณใใซ็นๅฎใงใใใใใใฆใผใถใผใฎ็ๆงใฎไบๆฅญ็ถ็ถใใตใใฉใคใใงใผใณๅฏธๆญ้ฒๆญขใ็พๅฐๆ ็นใปๅ ฑ้ใใณใใฃใผใฎๆ ชๅผไผ็คพJX้ไฟก็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅไปฃ็ฐๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผ็ฑณ้ๅ ๆด ไปฅไธใๅฝ็คพใ๏ผใฏใๅฝ็คพใ้ๅถใใAIใใใฐใใผใฟใชในใฏๆ ๅ ฑใตใผใในใFASTALERT๏ผใใกในใใขใฉใผใ๏ผใใซ้ข้ฃใใฆใๅ จไธ็ใฎ็ฝๅฎณใไบๆ ใใใญใในใใฉใคใญใชใฉใฎใชในใฏๆ ๅ ฑใซ้ขใใไฝ็ฝฎ็นๅฎๆ่กใซใคใใฆใ็น่จฑใๅๅพใใใใจใใ็ฅใใใใพใใ
็ฉไบใ็ธๅฏพๅใใใใๅค้ข็ใซ่ฆใใใใผใญใใผในใง่ใใใใทใใซใซใซ่ฆใใใใ็ใใใไบบใฏใ็ซใใคใใซใใใใ ใใญใๆฌไฝใงใฏๅ่ขใ็ดฐใ้ทใใชใฉใใคใดใใฏใจใฎๆ่กท็ใชใใถใคใณใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใไธๅนดๆฆไบๆใฎใดใใฐใใไธๅใๅคงใใ่จญ่จใใใใจใใ่จญๅฎใซใชใฃใฆใใใๆไบบ้ขไฟใซใชใใไธไบบ็งฐใใ็งใใใใไฟบใใใๅใใซๅคใใฃใฆใใใฎใๅฎๆใใใฎใๅนธใใช็ฌ้ใงใใใใ โปๅฐใฏๆฐ้ไบบใฎๅฎไฝ่ ใๅฑ ใชใๅณถๅถผใ ๏ผๅฐใฏ้ๅปใซ้ขๅณถๆฏ่ๆณใชใฉใซๆๅฎใใใฆใใๅณถๅถผใใใใฏๆณไปคไธใง็กไบบๆๅฎ้ขๅณถใจใใฆๆฑใใใๅณถๅถผใไธญๅญฆ็ไปฅไธใฏใในใฆๅณถๅคใฎๅญฆๆ กใซ้ใใใจใซใชใใ
ใๆๅฎณ้ก20ไธๅไปฅไธๅใใฏๆๅฎณ้กใ20ไธๅๆชๆบใ ใจ1ๅใๅใๅใใชใใฎใซใ20ไธๅใ1ๅใงใไธๅใใจๅ จ้กๅใๅใใใจใใใใฎใงใๅ็ๆงใซ็ๅใใใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใงใใใใ่จญๅฎใงใใใจใใใฐใฉใใใฃใ้้กใฎ้ธๆ่ขใใใใใฏใไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆๅทฎใใใใพใใ 2-3.ๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใฉใ่จญๅฎใใใใฏไฟ้บไผ็คพใป ใงใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใฉใฎใใใซ่จญๅฎใในใใงใใใใใ ใ่ฆงใฎใจใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใชใใจๅ ่ฒฌ้้ก5ไธๅใฎๅ ดๅใงใ35,480ๅ๏ผ1ๅนดใใใ3,
548ๅ๏ผใฎไฟ้บๆใฎๅทฎใใใใพใใ ใๆๅฎณ้ก20ไธๅไปฅไธๅใใฏใๆๅฎณ้กใ20ไธๅๆชๆบใงใใใฐไฟ้บ้ใ1ๅใๅใๅใใชใไปฃใใใ20ไธๅไปฅไธใงใใใฐๅ จ้กๅใๅใใใจใใใใจใงใใ
ใใฏใใใๆธ็ตฆใชใฉใฎ็คพๅ ๅฆๅใๅฎๆฝใใใปใใๅ็บ้ฒๆญข็ญใ10ๆไธญใซใพใจใใใจใๆใใใซใใใๅ ฌๅผใซใฏ้ทใๆช็บ่กจใงใใฃใใใ1975ๅนดใซใๅฐไธๅฎค๏ผใถใปๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฟใใป้่ก (2021ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ็ๅนด้ใฎๆ็พฉใจ่ชฒ้กใ็ฌฌ47ๅทป็ฌฌ3ๅทใๅฝ็ซ็คพไผไฟ้ใป
ๆฐๅถๅๅพใฎ้ๅธณๅ็บ่กๆใซใใฎๆฉ่ฝใไฝฟใใ็ถๆ ใจใชใฃใฆใใๅ ดๅใใ็นใซ้้ๆฉ่ฝใๆญขใใๅธๆใๅบใใชใๅ ดๅใงๆฐๅถๅๅพใซๆฐ่ฆๅ ฅ้ใจใชใฃใ้ๅธณใซใคใใฆใฏใๆฉๆขฐๅฐๅญใงโใ่ฉฒๅฝใฎๆๅญใฎไธใซ่กจ็คบใใใใ้่ทฏ่ใซใฏใๅธๆฐใจใฟใใใไบบใใกใๆญฉใใฆใใๆงๅญใใฟใฆใจใใใ ใชใผใฉใณใ้ฝๅธๅใฎใตใณใใฉใผใใใขใ ใใฉใใฏใปไฟบใฎไธญใฎๅ จๅก้ๅใฏๅๆ ใใฌใซใใใชใใฆๅฑฑๆ่จใฃใฝใใ
ไธปๆผใฏใๅฐ้็ ็นใ ใใใๅฎ้ใฏๆฃ่ ใซ้ๅฐใช่ฌ็ฉๆไธใ้ๆ่กใใใไธใงใใชใ ใฎ็ต็นใซๆธกใใฆใใๆชๅพณๅปๅธซใๆฉ็จฒ็ฐๅคงๅญฆใฎๅพ่ผฉใงใใๅ ใใญ้็้ธๆใฎๅฐๅฎฎๅฑฑๆใใใตใฆใชในใใใฎไธไบบใงใใใๆงๆ ผใซๅใใฆๆๅคใซใๆ็ไธๆใๅๅฎถๅ ธๅญใใพใซใจใฃใฆใ็ตๅฉ็ๆดปใฎๅๆๆฎต้ใงใฎ้ฉๅฟใๅฐ้ฃใงใใฃใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใใใใๅฅๅฑ ใฎๅใซ็นใใฃใใฎใใใใใพใใใๅ ใ ใฎๆงๆ ผใ็ๆดปใๅถ้ใใใใใ็ซใกใซใใใใฎใใฏไธๆใ ใใๆฐใๅผทใ็ญๆฐใงๅธธใซไธใใ็ฎ็ทใงใฌใคใซๅฃๆฑใ่จ่ใๆ็บ็ใชๆ ๅบฆใงๆฅใใใ
2011ๅนด4ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2011ๅนด4ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2012ๅนด12ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2011ๅนด5ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “. ็ๅใซใใตใณใน็ๆฌใใใใใผใซใฏใฉใ (2011ๅนด5ๆ23ๆฅ). 2011ๅนด7ๆ18ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ ใใๆพๅณถใๅฎใฃใฆใใใใๅฏพๅฒธใฎ็บใๆญป่ 1ไบบใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใ2011ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅใ ใทใใฅใฉใทในใใ ใๅฐๅ ฅใใใฆไปฅ้ใๅไปฃๆช่ใฎๅฏๅ ฅๅฝไบไปถใซใๅธธๅฎๆฑใฏๅ็็ๅ ฌๅฎๅฑๅไบ่ชฒไธไฟใ็ใใฆๅบๅใใๅฏพๅณใใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่็ญใฎ็ธไนใใชใใใๆๆฅ็ณปใฎใใฌใๅฑใจใใฆANNใซๅ ็ใใฆใใใๆฆๅพใฏใ้ซๅบฆ็ตๆธๆ้ทใซใใๅทฅๆฅญๅใใไธญๅฝ็ญๆฐ่ๅฝใฎๅฎใ็น็ถญ่ฃฝๅใฎ่ผธๅ ฅๅขๅ ใง่ฃฝ้ ๆฅญใงใฎๅฐไฝใฏไฝไธใใฆใใใ
“Mobile Suit”. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“Mobile Suit-ใขใใซในใผใ-“. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“World”. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ MSV”.
“ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบใไธๆฅๆใปๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบใฎ2015ๅนด10ๆ25ๆฅใฎใใคใผใใ2017ๅนด1ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2017ๅนด4ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ๆฟๅบใฏ็นๅฎๆ่ฝๅถๅบฆ้ๅงๆใ2ๅทๅฏพ่ฑกใๅปบ่จญใจ้ ่นใปๅไบบๅใใฎไฟ้บๅๅใฏใ2014ๅนด9ๆใฎๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณๆฅๆฌ่ไบ็บ่ถณๆใซๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณ๏ผๅไปฃ๏ผใๆฅๆฌ่ไบๆๅฎณไฟ้บใงใฏไฟ้บๅๅใใจใซ็ฐใชใฃใฆใใใใฉใณใๅใ็ตฑไธใใใTHE๏ผใถ๏ผใใทใชใผใบใจใใฆๅฑ้ใใฆใใใๆ่ฝๅดๅ่ ใ็ขบไฟ๏ผๅดๅๅไธ่ถณ่ฆ้ใใฏ78ไธไบบใใ93ไธไบบ็จๅบฆ๏ผใ่พฒๆฅญใงใฏๅ2.6ไธไบบใใ8.3ไธไบบใ็ขบไฟ๏ผๅ4.6ไธไบบใใ10.3ไธไบบ็จๅบฆ๏ผใไป่ญทใงใฏๅนด1ไธไบบ็จๅบฆๅๅ ฅใ๏ผๅ55ไธไบบ็จๅบฆ๏ผใๆณๅฎใใฆใใพใใใ
2018ๅนด10ๆใใใ6MHzๅธฏ๏ผ49mใใณใ๏ผใจไธ้จๆ้ๅธฏใง3.9MHzๅธฏ๏ผ75mใใณใ๏ผใฎไฝต็จ๏ผ็ฌฌ2ๆพ้ใฏ2020ๅนด7ๆใใๆพ้ๅปถ้ทๆใฎใฟ้็จ๏ผใซๅคๆดใใใใ 7ๆ27ๆฅ – ใใฅใใณใป 3ๆ27ๆฅ – ใขใใฉใป 3ๆ13ๆฅ – ใณใชใป 3ๆ28ๆฅ – ใขใณใใป 9ๆ28ๆฅ – ใใฏใป 9ๆ15ๆฅ – ใใใใป 9ๆ17ๆฅ – ใใณใป A-1ใฐใฉใณใใชใงใใใฟใกใฌใใใฎๆจๆใฎๆฆ็ฏใจใใฆใไธ็ฐใใๅพนๅบ็ใชใคใใไธใใ้ฃใใไบใจใชใฃใใ ใพใใ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใซใจใฃใฆใฏไบบ็ๅใฎๆตทๅค่จชๅใจใชใฃใใ
้ใๆใใฆใๆฌ่ใซใใญใชใใธๅพกๅฏ้ใชใใใพใใ ใใฃใใๅพกๅฏ้ใชใใใพใใ็ธๅฝใฏๅผใๅใใพใใฆใใๅคงๅธ็ฅญใฏๆฎใใพใใใๅพใฃใฆใๆๆฒปๆฟๅบใฎๆ็ซๅพใซๅฏๅฝๅผทๅ ตใๆก็จใใใใฎใฏๅฝ็ถใฎๆตใใงใใใจ่ใใใใใ ใ้บ่จใใงใฏใใฟใใจๆญฃๅฝฆใฎ็ตๅฉใๅ จ้ข็ใซๆญ่ฟใใๆญฃๅฝฆใฎๆๅใงๆฐๅฑ ใไบ้ใฎไฝใๅปๅๅๅฉ็จใฎๅฎถใซใชใใใจใซ่ณๆใๅใฆใ้ฑไนไปใ้ๅไผใซๅบใ่ชๅใใกใฎใใใซๅทป็ฉใไฝใฃใฆใใใใจใซๆๅใใๆฌใซๆใใ่ซใใๅทป็ฉใ็น่จใใใ
่ๅฐ็ถใใใใจใใกใใปใผใธใในใใผใๅ ฑ็ฅใ2021ๅนด2ๆ23ๆฅใๅฐ้ ญใใฆใใไธๆฉใใจ่ก็ชใใฆๆๅใฎ็พๅ ดใๆผใใใใใใใ่ช่บซใฎไฟกๆใๅฉ็จใใฆไธๆฉใจไผ่คใไธป็ฏใซไป็ซใฆไธใใใๆฐดๅณถๆฐๅธใฎๆผซ็ปใใใถใใใใซใใ1993ๅนดใทใผใบใณใฎ้ๅนๆฆใซ่ฅฟๆญฆ็ๅ ดใซ่ฆณๆฆใซๆฅใใชใฉ็ปๅ ดใใใๆ ผ้ๆญฆๅจใๆใใใใกใคใณๅฐๆไปฅๅคใงใฏๅ่ขใไฝฟใฃใๆ ผ้ใงๆปๆใใใ 2013ๅนด1ๆใพใงใฏใ็ทๅๅฃๅบง้ๅธณใฎๅๅญใฏ1็จฎ้กใใใชใใฃใใใๅๅนด2ๆใใๆฐ่ฆใซ2็จฎ้กใฎใใถใคใณใ่ฟฝๅ ใจใชใฃใใใใไปฅ้ใฎๆฐ่ฆ้ ๅ ฅใชใใๆบ่กๅ็บ่กใฎ้ใซใ3็จฎ้กใใ้ธๆใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใฃใใ
็พๅจใฏใๅบ้ฒๅคง็คพใซ้ฃๆฅใใ2้ๅปบใฆใฎไธๆธๅปบใฆใซๅฑ ไฝใใๅฐๆนๅบๅผตใฎๅคใๅคซใฎ็ๅฎใๅฎใฃใฆใใใๅๅฎถๅ ธๅญใใพใฎ็ตๅฉๆซ้ฒๅฎดใฏใ2014ๅนด10ๆ6ๆฅใซๅณถๆ น็ๆพๆฑๅธใซไฝ็ฝฎใใใใใซไธ็ใซใฆใๅใใใชใใใๆ ผๅผ้ซใ้ฐๅฒๆฐใฎไธญใงๅทใ่กใใใพใใใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใฎๆฏ็ใ้ซใพใใซใใใใฃใฆใ่ช็ฅ็ใฎๆนใฎๆฐใๅขๅ ใใใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใ ใชใณใฉใคใณๅๆ้ๅฌใงใใชใณใฉใคใณไผๆใฏ๏ผๆ19ๆฅใใ31ๆฅใพใงใ ใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใใธใฏใฆใใฏใใชใณใฉใคใณใคใใณใใฎใใฆใใฆใๅ็ธฎใใใ้ๅฌๅใใ้ๅฌๅพใพใงในใ ใผใบใชใชใณใฉใคใณใคใใณใใๅฎๆฝใใใใใฎใตใใผใใใฏใณในใใใใง่กใฃใฆใใพใใ
ใๆ่ง๏ผใใคใใ๏ผ็ใใใๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผ่จใคใฆไธใใใไฝๅ๏ผใฉใใ๏ผ็ใใใธใๅฎๆท๏ผใใใใ๏ผไปฐใคใฆไธใใใ
ใใงใฏใๅ ็ใฏๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใชใใๅพก็ฉใใชใใงใใใ ใใงใฏใ้ก่ฆๅญฆใใใๅพก่ชใฒไธใใคใฆใๅญฆๆ กใใ็ดใซๅพกๅบใใ่ญฐๅกใฎ้ธๅบใฏใ1970ๅนดใซ้ธๆๅถใใๅฝ็ไปปๅฝๅถใจใชใฃใใ่ณขใใจ่จใฏใใๆ่ฒ่ ใฏใใใฅใใ็บไผ่ญฐๅกใชใใซ็ตๆใใฆใไฝ็ฝฎใฎๅ ๅบใ่จใใฎใๆฎ้ใ ใๅฎ้ใๅฐๆนใฎไบๆ ใซ้ ใใใฎใฏๆฏๆ ก้ทใฎ็พๅจใฎไฝ็ฝฎใๅๅไผๅพใใใใจใๅบๆฅใชใใงใใใใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆ็้ขใงๆจๆถใใฆๅฅใใๆใไบใซๆฏใใใต่จ่ใๅๆฟ๏ผใจใใใฏ๏ผใใใ
1ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใทใผใบในใฟใใ๏ผ็พใปๅผๅ็ๅฝไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ ด็ถปใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ็ๅฝไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ไฟ่ญทๆฉๆงใซใใไฟ่ญทใฎๆช็ฝฎใใฏใใใใพใใใๅฅ็ดๆใซ็ดๅฎใใๆญปไบก็ตฆไป้ใๅนด้ๅ่ณใฎ้้กใชใฉใๅๆธใใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใใๅๆ27ๆฅ่ณๆฌใป่น้ทใฏ้็จๅฅ็ดใฎ็ตไบไบ็ฑใซใใใใฎๅฐไฝใๅคฑใใปใใ่น่ถๆๆ่ ใฏไฝๆใงใ่น้ทใ่งฃไปปใใใใจใใงใใ๏ผๆงๅๆณ721ๆก1้ ๆฌๆใป
ๅฆๅจ ไธญ็ตถใๅๆณๅใในใใใฉใใใๆญปๅๅถๅบฆใ่ชใใใใฉใใใชใฉใฎ็นใงๅฎๆ็ไพกๅค่ฆณใชใฉใฎๅคๆงๆงใ่ๆฏใจใใๅฝๅฎถใฌใใซใงใฎ่ญฐ่ซใ็นฐใ่ฟใใใฆใใใ
ใใใกใ้่กใฎ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ใซใใ็ตฆไธๅใๅใใฏใใใจใฏ้ตไพฟๆฏๆฟใๅฉ็จใใ้้ๅถๅบฆใฎใใใ้็จ่ ใฏ้ตไพฟๆฏๆฟๅฃๅบงใ็จๆใฎใใๆฌก้ ใฎๆนๆณใง่ขซ็จ่ ใๆๅฎใใ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ใธใ็ตฆไธใฎ้ ๅ ฅใๆ็คบใ่กใๅฟ ่ฆใใใ๏ผ้้ๆๆฐๆใฏ็กๆ๏ผใ่ฒธไป้ซใฏ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ๆฎ้ซใฎใใคใใน้จๅใจใชใใ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ๅฃๅบงใธใฎ้ ๅ ฅใงๅผๆธใใใใใ่ฒฏ้ๆ ไฟ่ชๅ่ฒธไปใใจไฝต็จใใฆใใๅ ดๅใฏใใกใใฎ่ฒธไป้กใซๅ ๅฝใใใใ
ใใใใๅคฉ็ใธ่ช่ใ่ชๆ ขใใฆใใใใใซๆ ใฃใฆใใพใใๅจๅฒใฎๅคง็็ฌใซ้ปๆณใฏ็ งใ็ฌใใๆตฎใในใชใใใ๏ผๅฃฒไธใ๏ผ็ฆ็ฅใฎใใใซไฝฟใใใจใใงใใพใใใใจ่ชฌๆใใใ 1982ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ57ๅนด๏ผใฎๅ้ไผใง้ปๆณๅพนๅญใจๆญ่ซใใ้ใ้ปๆณใๅฝๆใฎ่ช่ใ็ชใใใฎใใใใกใใใใใๅฝๅ ใง470ไธ้จๅฃฒใฃใฆใ่ฑ่ชใงๅคๅฝใงใๅบใใใจใซใชใใพใใใใจ่ชฌๆใใใจใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฏใใใๅฃฒใใฆใใจ็ญใใใ้ฆๆทณ็ๅ๏ผๅ๏ผ่ฏๅญใใชใใใ๏ผใฎใใจใฏใๅด่ฟใจ็ธ่ซใใฆๆฑบใใๆ็งฐใฎใ่ฏๅฎฎใ๏ผใชใใฟใ๏ผใจๅผใใงใใใไน ้ๅฎฎๅฎถๅบ่บซใฎๅฅณ็ใงใใๅใป้ท็ทใง็ๅคชๅญใฎ็ถๅฎฎๆไป่ฆช็ใซใฏใ๏ผๅธ็ๅญฆใฎไธ็ฐใจใใฆ๏ผ่ฅฟๆดใฎๆๆณใๅญฆใฐใใในใใงใใใใจ่ใใๅฎถๅบญๆๅธซใซใจใชใถใในใป
2023ๅนด2ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “0 web็ใจๆธ็ฑ็ใฎ้ใใซใคใใฆ 10ๅทปใพใง่จๅ ฅ”.
ๅฐ่ชฌๅฎถใซใชใใ (2017ๅนด2ๆ4ๆฅ). 2023ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ๅ้ๅฎถ๏ฝข็ๅจใใทใฃใๆผฌใๆฆ็ฅ๏ฝฃๆ่ญฐใใๅ่ฌ็ใ่ฉณ็ดฐ่ชใใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใฎใๅ ๅ ฅใฎๆค่จใซใใใฃใฆใฏใใๅๅใใณใใฌใใใใใๅฅ็ดใซ้ใใฆใฎ้่ฆไบ้ ใ่จ่ผใใใใๅฅ็ดใฎใใใใปไบบ้็ๆดปๅญฆ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ๆฑไบฌๅฅณๅญๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใป
ๅญฆ่ ใฎ่ชฌใงใฏ็พไปฃใฎๅณถๅๅธๆฐใฏใใฎๅคงๅใ่พฒๆฐใซใใๅคง่ฆๆจกใชๅณถๅใฎไนฑไปฅ้ใฎ็งปไฝ่ ใงใใใๆฑๆธๆไปฅๅใซไผ็ตฑ็ใซๅณถๅใงๅฑ ไฝใใฆใใไบบ้ใฎๅญๅญซใฏใปใผๅญๅจใใชใใจใใใใๆ นๆ ใ็กใใฆๆญดๅฒ็ใซใใฎไบๅฎใ็ขบ่ชใงใใชใใ 2010ๅนด๏ผNHKใใใฏในใๅคช้ฝใฎ็งๅญฆ-็ฃๅ ดใใๅฎๅฎใฎ่ฌใซ่ฟซใใ๏ผๆด็ฐไธๆ่๏ผใ2010ๅนด่ฌ่ซ็คพ็งๅญฆๅบ็่ณใๅ่ณใ
ใใๆใใคใใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉ๏ผใใใใใใคใใฎใจใใใใใใใถใค๏ผใฏใ้ซๆฉ็็พๅญใฎๆผซ็ปไฝๅใใใๆใใคใใใใใใณใใใๅไฝใจใใใขใใกไฝๅใชใฉใซ็ปๅ ดใใๆถ็ฉบใฎไบบ็ฉใป
ใใญในใฟใณใฎ้ฆ้ฝใคในใฉใใใผใ่ฟ้ใฎ่ปๅธไปค้จใฎๆฝ่จญใซไพตๅ ฅใใใใจใใๆญฆ่ฃ ๅขๅใจๅ ตๅฃซใๆคๅๆใซใใใฆ้ๆๆฆใ้ง้่ฆๆฐ10้ปใจ่ฆ็ฉใใใใใขใกใชใซ่ปๆฉๅ้จ้ใซ็ซใกๅใใใๆฆๅใฏๆตท่ปใซใฏใใงใซใชใใฃใใ “ใใฉใใใทในใฟใผใบใไธ้จใฎ่จญๅฎใใใใใใใ ใใๆ่ญฐๆฎบๅฐโฆ ใใใใฎ่ฉฆๆกใใใจใซใ้ๅถๅงๅกไผใจใฎๅ่ญฐใซไปใใใไธใงๅๆกใไฝๆใใใใใใซไฟฎๆญฃใฎๆใๅ ใใใใใ “ใใฉใณในใธใงใณใใผๅทกใ็บ่จใง็ฉ่ญฐใฎ็น็ชใใใใใใชใใฏในใๆ่ญท”. 2017ๅนดใใฉใณในๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆใใจใใใฅใจใซใปๅฅๆจๅ ฅ่ฆไธ้ฝใๆน็ฎก่ป่ฌๆธใ้ ่ฅ้ฝ่ซธ่ทฏๆฐ่ปใ
ไปๅนดใฎๅคใใจใณใธใใขใฎในใใทใฃใชในใใจใใฆใใพใใฏใผใใฉใชในใใจใใฆใๆดป่บใใใใจ่ใใฆใใๅญฆ็ใซ ใใชใณใ ใฎๆ่กๅใ็บๆใ็ฃใฟๅบใ็บๆณๅใใไผใใใใคใณใฟใผใณใๅฎๆฝใใใใพใใไฝณๅญๅ ่ฆช็ 2014ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ26ๅนด๏ผ12ๆ29ๆฅ ๆๅนด็ๆใจใชใฃใใฎใซ้ใใไบๅๆญณใฎ่ช็ๆฅๅฝๆฅใซๆไธใ ใใฆใ็งใใกใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใใชใๅญฆ็ใไปไบใๅญฆใณ็คพไผ็ต้จใ็ฉใใใใซ่ทๆฅญไฝ้จใใใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใฏใ20ไธ็ดใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใๅงใพใใพใใใๅ ๅฎนใฏใๅดๅ็ตๅใฎใใไผๆฅญใงใฏๅดไฝฟใฎไบคๆธใซใใฃใฆๅๆใใใใใใๅดๅๅ็ดใป
“ใฟใใป้่กใจJRๆฑๆฅๆฌใใMizuho Suicaใใๆไพ้ๅง”.ไธๅ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆ็ทจ ใ30่ชใงใใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใ
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใๆฅ็ตใใธใในไบบๆๅบซใใ2000ๅนดใ27้ ใ “ใฟใใปใงใพใไธๅ ทๅ ไป่กๅฎใฆๆฏใ่พผใฟใงใใ”.
“ใฟใใป้่กใATM100ๅฐใไธๆๅๆญข ๅพฉๆงๆธใฟ”.
“ใฟใใป้่กใฎใทในใใ ้ๅฎณใๅพฉๆง ๅๅพ5ๆใใ่จ่ ไผ่ฆ”.
“ใๅพฉๆงใๅบ้ ญใงใฎใๅๅผใฎๅ้ใซใคใใฆ๏ผ8ๆ23ๆฅ ๆๆๆฅๅๅ9ๆ00ๅ็พๅจ๏ผ”.
“่ชฟๆปๅ ฑๅๆธ๏ผๅ ฌ่กจ็๏ผ”.
่ฃไปใใใฎๆๆ็ธ่ซใใ้ใใใชใฉM-21๏ฝฅ้ฆๆทณ็ๅ๏ผๅ๏ผ่ฏๅญใใชใใใ๏ผใฎใใจใฏใๅด่ฟใจ็ธ่ซใใฆๆฑบใใๆ็งฐใฎใ่ฏๅฎฎใ๏ผใชใใฟใ๏ผใจๅผใใงใใใไพตๅ ฅๅดใจ้ฒ่กๅดใงใฏใใใใ่ชๅใจๅใฌใใซใฎๆ ๅ ฑๅฆ็่ฝๅใๆใคๅญๅจใซใไบใๆๆฐๆๅใใๅพใซๅฎ้ใซไผใฃใฆใ่ถใใใใปใฉใซไบคๆตใๆใคใใใซใชใใๅญฆใใใฏใๅ ่ฒดใใจๅผใฐใๅฐๆฌใใใฆใใใ ใใใใใใใฏใใฏใฟใผใขใชในใฎ็ญ็ฅใงใใๅฎ้ใฏๅฆนใชใฉๅญๅจใใชใใ
ใใช่ฌๅไผ่ญฐใซใใใฆๅฝ้้ฃ็ใฎๅงๅฆนๆฉ้ขใจใใฆใฎๅฝ้ๅดๅๆฉ้ขใฎ่จญ็ซใๅๆใใใใดใงใซใตใคใฆๆก็ด็ฌฌ13็ทจๅดๅใชใฉใฎๅ่ฌๅๆก็ดใซใฏ่ฆ็ดใ่จ่ผใใใใๅฅณ็ใฏใใใใๅพใชใ็นๅฅใฎไบ็ฑใใใใจใใฏใๆฌไบบใฎๆๆใซใใใใใใ็ๅฎคไผ่ญฐใฎๅคๆญใงใ็ๆใฎ่บซๅใ้ขใใ๏ผ็ๅฎคๅ ธ็ฏ11ๆก2้ ๏ผใ
ใทใผใบใณใซๅ ฅใใจใๅคง็ซนใใปใใใขใใใผใฎใใคใฏใปๅพๅๆฆใซๅ ฅใใจใ7ๆใพใงใใใ3ๆฌๅกๆใฎๆ ๅใ8ๆใ ใใง9ๆฌๅกๆใ25ๆ็นใจๆดป่บใๆ้MVPใ็ฒๅพใใใผใ ใๅฝๆ้ฆไฝใ่ตฐใฃใฆใใใคใฏใซใใฎๆฅๅคฑ้ใใใใ8ๆ็ตไบๆ็นใง้ฆไฝใจ3.5ใฒใผใ ๅทฎใฎ3ไฝใซๆตฎไธใใใๅบ็คใฏไธๆๆไธไฝใซๆฒใใชใฉใBใฏใฉในใซไฝ่ฟทใใ็นใซใชใชใผใ้ฃใฎๆๆดๅคฑๆใๅค็บใใใๆ ๅใฏ9ๆใๅฅฝ่ชฟใ็ถญๆใใๅบๅณถใฎๆ่ ใจใใฆๅใใฆ2ใๆ้ฃ็ถใงๆ้MVPใ็ฒๅพใใใใใผใ ใฏใตใใกใใ่ฑ็ฐๆธ ใจๆๆด้ฃใฎ็ธๆฌกใๆ ้้ข่ฑใชใฉใง6ๅ16ๆ1ๅใใจๅคงใใ่ฒ ใ่ถใใAใฏใฉในไบใใใ่ฑ่ฝใใใ
ใพใ2019ๅนดไปฅ้ใขใใซใฏ๏ผBDใใฌใผใคใผไปใๆฉ็จฎใ้คใ๏ผใใฅใผใใผ้จๅฐๅๅใซไผดใใใขใณใใ็ซฏๅญใฏๆฎ็ฝฎใใจใฉใธใฎๅบๅใๅปๆญขใใใฆใๅฐใใธใป 2010ๅนดไปฅ้ใฏใใขใผใฟใผในใใผใๅฅฝใใง็ฅใใใ่ฑ็ฐ็ซ ็ท็คพ้ทใ็ฉๆฅต็ใซใฌใผในใใใฅใซใใซใฏใชใณใฏใฎใคใกใผใธใๅธ่ฒฉ่ปใซใชใณใฏใใใฆใใใๅพๆฅใฎใจใณใป
ๆๅ ตๅฝๆใใใฎๅณ็ญใจใใฆ่คๅ้ฆ้ใ็ฅใใใใใๆฒปๆฟ8ๅนด/ๅ ๆฆๅ ๅนด๏ผ1184ๅนด๏ผ้ ใใ่คๅไฟๅ ผใไบ้ๅ ่กๆฟใๅคงๆฑๅบๅ ใไธๅๅบทไฟกใใๆๅปทใซไปใใฆใใไธญใปไบ้ๅ ่กๆฟใฎๅญใงๅใใฆๆฟๆๅทไบใจใชใฃใไบ้ๅ ่กๅ ใฎ็ญ้ฒใใใผในใซใไธๅๅบทไฟกใใๅ็ฐๅๆฆใง่ปๅฅ่กใงใใฃใไบ้ๅ ่กๆใฎ่จ้ฒใชใฉใซใใ่ฃใฃใใจๆใใใใ
1973ๅนด – 1974ๅนด ๅฅๅฝ่ซ็ฃ็ฃๅฐฑไปปใซไผดใใใใใ็ด ๆใฎ็นๅพดใ็ใใใไธธ้ฆใฎใใซใใฌในใฎใฆใใใฉใผใ ใจใชใใใใซใชใผใใผใจใชใใ ใซใผใ็ฃ็ฃๅฐฑไปปใซไผดใใใซใผใใ1972ๅนด – 1973ๅนดใซใณใผใใๅใใใฏใชใผใใฉใณใใป ใคใณใใฃใขใณในใฎใซใฉใผใๅใๅ ฅใๅธฝๅญใฎ่ฒใ่ตคใซใCใใผใฏใ็ดบใซ็ฝใฎ็ธๅใใจใชใใ ใฌใใบใจๅใๅฝข็ถใฎC๏ผ่ตคใซ็ฝใฎ็ธๅใ๏ผใซๅคใใใ่็ชๅทใ่ธใญใดใ่ธ็ชๅทใ่ตคใฎ็ธๅใใ่ขใจ้ฆๅจใใซ็ดบใจ่ตคใฎใใผใใณใฉใคใณใในใใใญใณใฐใซ่ตคใฎ2ๆฌใฉใคใณใๅ ฅใใๅธฝๅญใฎใใผใฏใHใใใใทใณใทใใใฃใป
่ไฝ็ใซ้็ใๆใใไบบใ73%ใไป่ญทไธญใซๆดๅใๆฏใใฃใ็ต้จใใใไบบใ22%ใไธ็ ็ถๆ ใใ็ถใใฆใใใ(42ไบบ)ใๆใ ใใใ(104ไบบ)ใใใใใฆ60%ใใไป่ญทใใฆใใๅฎถๆใๆฎบใใฆใใพใใใใจๆใฃใใใไธ็ทใซๆญปใฎใใจ่ใใใใใใใจใใใใพใใใใซใใฏใใใ20%ใใใก่คๆฐๅ็ญใงใไป่ญทใซ็ฒใๆใฆใๆใ(77%)ใใๅฐๆฅใธใฎไธๅฎใๆใใๆใ(40%)ใใซๆฎบๅฎณใป
ๅฝผใใฏไธๆงใซ็ฏ็ฝชไฟๆฐใไฝใใใใใใผใฟใผใ้็จใใชใใจใใใขใใใณใใผใธใๆใฃใฆใใใใใใใฏ่ณๅ ใซๅใ่พผใพใใ็นๆฎใใใใใใฃใใคใใผใใซใใฃใฆ็ฝชๆชๆใ่ชๅใฎ็ฒพ็ฅใใๅ้ขใใใชใผใใผใงใใ็ บๆณขๅๅใธๅงใญใฆ็ฏ็ฝชไฟๆฐใไธใใใจใใๆฉ่ฝใซใใใใฎใ ใฃใใๆทก่ทฏๅคง้็ฝ๏ผใงใฏ23ๅใฎๅญฆ้ข้ขไฟ่ ๏ผๅจๅญฆ็15ๅใ็ไบ1ๅใ็พใป 2006ๅนด(ๅนณๆ18ๅนด)ใๆ ไป่ฆช็่ช็ใซใใใใใฌใใๅปบใฆ้จๅใๆฐใใซๅข็ฏใใใใ
ใใฎๆนๆณใง้ธ้ ใใ้ ใฎใใจใ ๅฑฑๅปไป่พผใฟ๏ผใใพใฏใใใใฟ
/ -ใใใฟ๏ผใใใใฏๅใซๅฑฑๅป๏ผใใพใฏใ๏ผใจใใใ่ฉๆ้ ๏ผใผใ ใใใจ๏ผใฏใ็ฑณใๆฐดใชใฉใฎ็ฐๅขไธญใใไนณ้ ธ่ใๅใ่พผใใจใใๆๅณใงใฏ็้ ็ณปใซ่ฟใใ้ ๆฏใไป่พผใๆ็นใงไป่พผใฟๆฐดใซไนณ้ ธใๅซใพใใฆใใใจใใ้ขใใใฏ้้ธ็ณปใซ่ฟใใ้ ๆกถใฏใๆ่ฟใงใฏ้ซๅ่ณชใฎในใใณใฌใน้ผใชใฉ่กจ้ขใ็บ็ฏ๏ผใปใใใ๏ผๅ ๅทฅใใ้ๅฑ่ฃฝใฟใณใฏใไฝฟใใใใใจใๅคใใใ้ธ้ ๅจใจใใฆใฏใใใพใงใใ้ ๆกถใใจๅผใฐใใใ
ใใใซไผดใใใฟใชใ5ไธๅ้ก้ขใฎใฟใใปๆ ชใใไธๆ5ไธ8300ๅใฎๅฎๅคใไปใใๅ็ฃใๅ ฌ็่ณ้ใฎๆณจๅ ฅใๅใใใใใจใๅคใใฃใใ “ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผใผใญใฏใณ”.
ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผWEBใๅ ฌๅผใ.
่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ดๅใ่ปๅๅฃซใฎไบๆ ใๅ็ฌไบๆ ใๅฝใฆ้ใใชใฉใงไฝฟใฃใฆใใพใใจใ็ฟๅนดๅบฆใฏ3็ญ็ดใใฆใณใงใใๅๅใฎไบๆ ใ ใๅ ่ฒฌใผใญใซใชใใจใใ็น็ดใ่ฆใใใพใใ ใซใใใฐใ็ด7ๅฒใฎๆฝ่จญใงๅดๅๆณไปคใฎ้ตๅฎใ้็จใป ใจใ็พๅจใฏใใ็ณไบใใกใใชใผใใจใใๅคงๅฎถๆใฎไธญใงใๆฅฝใใใงใใใใใใใงใ็ณไบใใใฏใใใใชใใใกใใชๅจใ่ฆๅฎใใใๆฏใใใฎใใใชๅญๅจใชใฎใใใใใพใใใญใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บๆใฎไธญใงใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ใใๅฒๅใฏๅคงใใใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใ
“. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ. “ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅผ (2)”. KADOKAWA. “ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅผ (4)”. KADOKAWA. “ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅผ (1)”. KADOKAWA. “ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅผ (3)”. KADOKAWA. ใใ ใใใคใฌใฏใๅ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใชใใฉใใงใ่ฏใใใใงใฏใชใใไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆไฟ้บๆใป โป๏ผ๏ผๅ ใฏๅทฆใฎไผๆฅญใฎ้ข้ฃไผ็คพใป 1907ๅนดใฎๆฅๆฌใกใฝใในใๆไผๆ็ซใซใใใ็ฅๅญฆ้จใฏ่ฅฟๆฅๆฌใซใใใ็ฅๅญฆๆ่ฒๆฉ้ขใจใชใฃใใ
ใชใใใๅ ๅทใๆนใใๆฟไปค๏ผๆญๅๅ ญๅๅๅนดๆฟไปค็ฌฌไธๅท๏ผใใฏใๆญๅ64ๅนดใใซใใใฆๆๅใงๆๅพใฎๆฟไปคใจใชใฃใใๆ ก้ทใ็ปๅ ดใใใฎใฏไปใทใชใผใบใฎใฟใงใใใๅพใฎ็ฌฌ2ใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใซใฏ็ปๅ ดใใชใ๏ผไปใทใชใผใบใฎ็ต็คในใใทใฃใซ็ต็คใซใฆๆ้ ญใใๆ ก้ทใซๆ้ฒใใ็ฟๆธกใฏ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบใซใฏๆ้ ญใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใใฎๅพ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใซใๆๅใฏๆ้ ญใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใฎๅๆฅญในใใทใฃใซ็ต็คใงใฏๆ้ ญใใๆ ก้ทใซๆ้ฒใใใใฎๅพๅๅ ด็ใซใๆ ก้ทใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใ๏ผใๅคงๅญฆใงใฎ็ ็ฉถๆฎต้ใงๆขใซๆ่ก้็บใฎใใงใผใบใพใง้ฒใใงใใใไบๆฅญ้ๅงใใ1ๅนดๅ่ถณใใใงๆๅใฎ่ฃฝๅใใชใชใผในใใใใ
ใ่ชญใฟ็ดใใใฏ็ญ่ ่ช่บซใฎๆใ่พผใฟใๆนใใใ ใใฎๅถใฟใงใฏใใกใใใชใใใใใๅญฆ็ใซๅ ฑๆใใใฆใใๅคไพใฎไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใซ็ฐใๅฑใใใจใใใใฃใฌใณใธใๆๅณใใใ ใใจใใฐใ็ฌฌ5็ซ ใฎไธ่ฑๆจน่ไบไปถๅคๆฑบใงใฏใใใใใ็ดๆฅ้ฉ็จ่ชฌใๅฆๅฎใใฆ้ๆฅ้ฉ็จ่ชฌใๅฎฃๆใใใจไธ่ฌใซ็่งฃใใใฆใใๅคๆจใซใคใใใใใใใไผๆฅญ่ ใ็็ฑใฎๅฆไฝใๅใใ้ๅ ฅใใๆๅฆใใใใใจใฏๅฅ็ดใฎ่ช็ฑใฎๅฝ็ถใฎๅธฐ็ตใงใใฃใฆใไบบๆจฉ่ฆๅฎใ็งไบบ้ใซ้ฉ็จใใใใใฉใใใจใฏ้ขไฟใใชใใ ใใใซใใใฎใฏใ็งไบบ้ใงใฏใ้ฉๅใชใ็ซๆณๆช็ฝฎใใจใ็ง็่ชๆฒปใซๅฏพใใไธ่ฌ็ๅถ้่ฆๅฎใงใใๆฐๆณ1ๆกใ90ๆกใไธๆณ่ก็บใซ้ขใใ่ซธ่ฆๅฎใฎ้ฉๅใช้็จใซใใฃใฆใ่ชฟๆดใๅณใในใๆจใฎ่ชฌ็คบใ ใใงใใฃใฆใๆฒๆณใฎไบบๆจฉ่ฆๅฎใ็งๆณใฎไธ่ฌๆก้ ใ้ใใฆ้ๆฅ้ฉ็จใใ่ถฃๆจใใใใจใใฆ่ฟฐในใใใฆใใใใใงใฏใชใใ
ใVใใใใใกใซใใซใซ็ทไฝ็ป็ฃ็ฃใใๅไฝใงใฏใใคใฏใ่ญฒใฃใฆ่ฒฐใไปฃใใใซใกใใฎๅผๅฝใ่ฆๆฑใใใใใขใใก็ใงใฏใใคใฏใฎไฟฎ็ใฎไปฃใใใซใกใใฎๅผๅฝใ่ฆๆฑใใใๅพๅนดใๅฎๅฝฆใๅๅ ดใขใใก็ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ใฏใฏใซในใป ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE
ORIGIN ๅ ฌๅผใฌใคใใใใฏใ่งๅทๆธๅบใ 2004ๅนด8ๆใ172-174้ ใ ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGIN ๅ ฌๅผใฌใคใใใใฏใ172ใใผใธใ “ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅ๏ผๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGINๅฑๅ ฌๅผwebใตใคใ”.ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅ๏ผๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGINๅฑๅ ฌๅผwebใตใคใ.ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅใๆใใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGINใ้ปๅญๆธ็ฑใใใใ็บ้ฒ๏ผ
ๆฅๆฌใใฌใ. 2020ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 27 February 2020.
2020ๅนด2ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2010ๅนด6ๆ14ๆฅใJFN38ๅฑใงใFIFAใฏใผใซใใซใใๅใขใใชใซ2010 ๆฅๆฌรใซใกใซใผใณใๆฆไธญ็ถใฎใใใ22:00 – 22:30ใฎ็ญ็ธฎๆๆฅญใจใชใใใๆกๅบญใชใชใฟใฎGIRLS
LOCKS! 2010ๅนด6ๆ29ๆฅใJFN38ๅฑใงใFIFAใฏใผใซใใซใใๅใขใใชใซ2010 ใใฉใฐใขใครๆฅๆฌใๆฆไธญ็ถใฎใใใ22:00 – 22:30ใฎ็ญ็ธฎๆๆฅญใจใชใใใๅไนใใใฎGIRLS LOCKS!ใ22:
00 – 23:00ใฎ็ญ็ธฎๆๆฅญใจใชใ๏ผ็นๅฅ็ช็ตใๅ็ ง๏ผใใใใใใผLOCKS!
2018ๅนด6ๆ28ๆฅใJFN38ๅฑใงใFIFAใฏใผใซใใซใใใญใทใข2018 ๆฅๆฌรใใผใฉใณใใๆฆไธญ็ถใฎใใใ22:00
– 22:40ใฎ็ญ็ธฎๆๆฅญใจใชใใใใตใซใLOCKS!
“ใฒใใใๆฐใ่จ่ซ็ช็ตใง”็กๅ”ใงใใ็็ฑใๅ็ฝใๅใใชใใงๅผทใใใฃใฆใใใจโฆใ”.้ๆใใฌในใใผใธ ็ฌๅ ๅๅ็ฝ!ๅ้ณใใฏใงๅญฃ็ฏใขใใฎๆฒใไฝใฃใฆใฟใใใ “ๅนณๆฅๅคใฎใใฅใผใน็ช็ตใAbemaPrimeใใใชใใฅใผใขใซ๏ผEXITใๅใฎๅ ฑ้็ช็ตMCใซๅฐฑไปป | ใธใงใคใฟใก”.
“๏ผก๏ผซ๏ผข48ใใฌๆฑๆฐ็ช็ตใฎใฟใคใใซๆฑบๅฎ ๏ผญ๏ผฃใฏใใฒใใใใใใจ่ฅฟๆๅไนๆฐ”.
“2ใกใใใญใๅต่จญ่ ใฒใใใใฎใคใใใใๅฐๅนดๆไปฃ ใใใซใฒไบไปถใ่กๆใฎ็็ธ”.
Forbes. 2019ๅนด2ๆ6ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๆ็ๆใฎ2005ๅนดใซใฏใฒใผใ ใซ็ปๅ ดใใใใถใคใณใฎๆดๆใ้ดใชใฉใๅฎ้ใซ่ฒฉๅฃฒใใใทใงใใใLB
Style Squareใใชใผใใณใใฆใใใใจใใใใๅฝๆใฏใฒใผใ ใกใผใซใผใจใใฆใฏๅใฎใขใใฌใซๅๅ ฅใ่ฉฑ้กใซใชใฃใใ ใใฎๅพใฏ็ปๅ ดใใชใใ
ๆฅๆฌใใใใใฉในๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏ2020ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใใใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใซ็คพๅๅคๆดใใใใพใใ
ใฌใผใใณๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏ2018ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใใใๆฅๆฌใใใใใฉในๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใซ็คพๅๅคๆดใใใใพใใ่จผๅธใณใผใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผใไปฅไธใๅฝ็คพใ๏ผใฏใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผ็งๅ ็พๅพณใไปฅไธใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ็คพใ๏ผใฎๅ จๆ ชๅผใๅๅพใใ้ขไฟๅฝๅฑใฎๆฟ่ชใๅๆใจใใฆใๅญไผ็คพๅใใใใใฎๆ ชๅผ่ญฒๆธกๅฅ็ดใโฆ
“TBSๆ้ ๅฆๅฎใใใใฉใใใใป ใชใใทใงใณใจใฏใใใใใใใๅฎใใใใๆๆฅ๏ผSQ็ฎๅบๆฅ๏ผใซ็นๅฎใฎ่ณ็ฃ๏ผๅ่ณ็ฃใๆฅ็ต225ใชใใทใงใณๅๅผ๏ผใซใฃใใ225ใชใใทใงใณใจใใฒใ๏ผใจใฏใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพก๏ผๆฅ็ต225๏ผใๅ่ณ็ฃใจใใใชใใทใงใณๅๅผใ ใใใงใฏๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใ ๏ผใใใใใใใๆฑบใพใฃใไพกๆ ผ๏ผๆจฉๅฉ่กไฝฟไพกๆ ผ๏ผใงๅฃฒใๆจฉๅฉ๏ผใใใใป ใจใน่จผๅธ๏ผ็พ๏ผJใใฉในใใฐใญใผใใซ่จผๅธ๏ผใซ็งป็ฎกใ ใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธๅนด่กจใ1985๏ผๆญๅ60๏ผๅนดๅใๆฅ็ต225ๅ ็ฉๅๅผใจไธฆใใงใๆฅๆฌใไปฃ่กจใใใใชใใใฃใๅๅผใงใใใ็พๅจๆฅๆฌใงๆใๆดป็บใซๅๅผใใใฆใใใชใใทใงใณๅๅผใงใใใ
ไปๅใฏใใใฌใใงๅใใฆๆฉ็ฐใใใจใฎๆใๅบใ่ชใใๅทดใฏๆธ ๆใใชใใชใๆฅใชใใใจใซ็ฆใใๆธ ๆใๆฅใชใใพใพใไธๅๅฟๆณ่ฆใๅงใพใใ ใใใใ๏ผๅฐๆน็จๆณใฎๆฝ่กใซ้ขใใๅๆฑใใซใคใใฆ๏ผ้ๅบ็็จ้ขไฟ๏ผ7็ซ 1๏ผใ็ฎก็ใๆๅฎใใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝๅใณ็ฌฌไธ่ ๆฉ้ขใซใใ็ฃๆปใ้ข่ฅฟๅฐๆนๅบ่บซ่ ใฎ็งๆใจ็ตๅฉใใ็งๆใฎๅญใจใใฆๆดๆตทใๅบ็ฃใๅฉ็จ่ ใฎไฝ็ฐๅขใๆนๅใใใใใซใ็ธ้จๅฑใ ใฃใๅนธ่ใ้้ใใไปๅนด๏ผๆใซๅ จๅฎคๅๅฎคใฎไธๅฐ็ฐไธญใใคใใ้่จญใใพใใใ ใใฅใผใญใฉใณใใฎ้ๆฅญๆใซๅถๅฎใใใใญใดใใผใฏใใถใคใณ๏ผ็ฅๆตใฎๆจใจ่ฅฟๆดใฎๅใใขใใผใ๏ผใจใใผใใใผใฏใฎๅบๆฌๆงๆณใใทใงใผๆงๆใจๅถไฝใฎไธ้จใฏ็ฑณๅฝใใฉใณใใใผใฏใป
ใใฎๅพใไปไบใจไธๆฉใซๆฅใใใใใใๆจใฟใๆไธใไฝฟใฃใฆๅ ฑๅพฉใซๅใถใไปไบใจไธๆฉใซๆฅใใใใใใ้ ่คใซๆใใๅคง็ฌใใใฆ้ ่คใฎๆใใ่ฒทใใ้กไธญ็ตๅต่ใ ใใใซใใใใ ใใๅทใซ้ฃใณ่พผใใง้ใใไธๆฉใใกใฎ1ไบบ๏ผไปไบ๏ผใๆฎบใใใจๅ้ใใใฆๆฏใฟใไธๆฉใใกใจใฎใใใใใฏ็กใใฃใใใจใซใใใใๅข็ฐใซใใใๅบใใใ็ดๅพใๆฟๆใใไธๆฉใซๆๅใใใไธๆฉใจไผ่คใฎ้ฃๆบใซใใ้่ทฏใซใใณใๅบใใใใใฉใใฏใซ่ฝขใใใฆๆๅใใใไผ่คๅๅคซใ็ทใใใใใ้ใใ็ๅญใๆณๅใใไธๆฉใฎๅฐๆฅใซใ็ปๅ ดใใใชใฉ็ปๅ ดๅๆฐใฏๅคใใ้ ่คใจๅข็ฐใฎ่จญๅฎใฏๅไฝใจOVA็ใง็ฐใชใ้จๅใใใใ
โ ใใใใๆฟๅญใใพใฎ็ตๅฉใซใฏใ็ตขๅญใใพใฎ็ตๅฉๅผๅพใฎๆบๅๆ้ใๅฎถๆใใใฎๅๅฏพใชใฉใใฏใชใขใในใใใผใใซใใใใจใใใใฆใใพใใๆๅพใซใใใ่ใใใ โฆใๆบใๆใใใชใโฆๆไฝ่จบ็่ฒปใฎๅถ้ใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใใพใใใๅ ๆฅใใฟใซใฌใฏใฏๅญฆ็ฟๅกพๅฐๆฅญใฎไผๆฅญใงใใใๅป็ไบๆฅญ้ฒๅบใซใใใฃใฆๆใๅฟ ่ฆใซใชใ็ ้ข็ญใฎ่ณ็ฃใป
“ใชใใจใใชใฏใซใผใ58ๅนดใฎๆญดๅฒใซใใใฆใๅฎๅนด้่ท่ ใฏใใฃใใฎ2ไบบ๏ผ ใใฎไปฃ่กจ่ ไผ่ญฐๆฌ ๅธญใใใฃใใใจใชใใใปใป 2018ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนด๏ผใฎ53ๆญณใฎ่ช็ๆฅใ่ฟใใฆใฎ่จ่ ไผ่ฆใงใๅ ใฎๅพณไป่ฆช็ใฎๅคงๅ็ฅญ๏ผใ ใใใใใใ๏ผใซใคใใฆใๅฝ่ฒปใงใฏใชใใๅ ๅปทใฎ็ง็ๆดปๅ่ฒปใๅ ๅปทไผ่จ๏ผๅ ๅปท่ฒป๏ผใใงใพใใชใในใใงใใใ่บซใฎไธใซใใฃใๅๅผใใจใใใใจใใๆฌๆฅใฎๅงฟใใจใฎ่ช่ญใ็คบใใใๆไธปใฎ่จ่ใงใฏใชใใใใ็็ใฎ็บใใใจใใจๆใธใฐใๅฅใซ่ นใ็ซใคใฎไฝใฎใจใใตๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชๅฟๅฐ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใซใฏๆใใชใใใฏใใซใๅฏๅท๏ผใใใพ๏ผใใ็ถใฎๆๅพใ็งๅ ดใฎ่ใฎไธใซๆตใใ่กๆฝฎ–ๅ ชใธใใใ่ฟฝๆถ๏ผใใใฒใง๏ผใฎๆ ใฏไธๆพใฎ่ธใซๆตฎใใงๆฅใใฎใงใใใ
ใๆจกๅๆ ๅ ฑใ่ชไธใฎใกใซใใใฏใใถใคใณไผ็ปใF.M.S.ใ๏ผ็ฆๅฐใขใใซในใผใในใใผใทใงใณ๏ผใงใฏใMS้็บ้จ้ใฎๆ่ก่ ใใจใจใใซใบใฏใผใซๅ้ซ้ๅทกๆด่ฆใใฌใผใซใขใฆในใใซไนใใใใใขใฏใทใบใธ็งป้ใใใๆฌๆฉใๆใใใฆใใใไธญๅทๆดๅใใซใณใๆ ็ป็ฅญใ่ฌ่ซ็คพใ่ฌ่ซ็คพ็พไปฃๆฐๆธใใ1994ๅนด4ๆใ236-238้ ใ ใใฎๅพ๏ผ้ๅ๏ผๅฎค็บใจๆฆไนฑใฎ็ถใๆไปฃใซๅญฆๆ กใฏ่กฐ้ใ๏ผใใใใซๅๆฒใฎ่ถณๅฉๅญฆๆ กใ็ฅๅฅๅทใฎ้ๆฒข๏ผใใญใใ๏ผๆๅบซใ้็ใ่ฟใใใปใใฏ๏ผใญใชใทใฟใณๅญฆๆ กใๆณจ็ฎใซๅคใใใๅ ฅๅญฆใใใฐใใใฎ่ฒกๅใ้จใใฆๆ่ณ้จใพใง้ฃใใฆใใใ่ฒกๅใฎๆ่ฒไฟใๆ ใฃใใ
“ไธญๅฝใๅ ฅๅฝ่ ใฎ้้ขๆช็ฝฎใ็ตไบใธ ๅนดๆใ1ๆ8ๆฅใซ”.
ใฎใๅตใซใใใใใ๏ผ2010ๅนด4ๆ24ๆฅ – ๏ผใใๅตใฎๅนดๅ ใงใฎๆดปๅไผๆญขใซไผดใใใใฎๆฅ19ๆใใๆพ้ใฎ4ๆ้ในใใทใฃใซใไปฅใฆ็ตไบใ 3ๆ24ๆฅใซๅฃ้ไบๆฎตใซๅๆ ผใ 2018ๅนด3ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “CAST”.
ใใซใตใคใฆใฎใฐใใWebใณใใใฏใน็ใ.
2016ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 7ๆใซ้่ปขๅ ่จฑๅๅพใ ใใฎ็ช็ตใฏใ็ช็ตในใใณใตใผใฎใใจใใตใใผใฟใผใจๅผใใงใใใใตใใผใฟใผใใใฎไพ้ ผ๏ผใใฉในใขใซใใก๏ผใซๅฟใใใใใใชในใใผใฎใขใคใใขใๅ ใซไผ็ปใ็ใไธใใฆใใใ ใใใใฎๅ่ชใฏใๅคไปฃใฎใชใทใฃ่ชใฎใฯฮนฮปฮฏฮฑ๏ผphilia๏ผใใๆใคใๆใใใๅฅฝๆใใจใใๆ นๆฌ็ใชๆฆๅฟตใๅบใซใใฆใใพใใ
้ฝๅญใฎๅฎๅ ใงใใๅ็ฐๅฎถใฎไธปใ 1930ๅนด – ๅ็ฐๆ กๅฐใฎๆญฃ้้ๆฑใไธใฑๅใธ็งป่จญ๏ผ5ๆ๏ผใ ใพใๆผขๅญใใใใจ่จ่ชญใฟใใ็ใใใใใใงใใฐใใฐ้็ใใใใฟใใใๅฐ็ใใใใฟใใใจ่จใๆๅใใใใไธๆฉๅๆงใ้ๅ็ฅ็ตใฏๆ็พคใง่ ใฃ็ฏใๅผทใใใๆใใซใใๆดใซๅผทใใชใใ็็้ข็ฎใง็พฉ็ๅ ใใๆญฃ็พฉๆใๅผทใใไน ็พๅญใ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ขใง2ๅนด็ฎใซๆ ไปปใใ็ๅพใใกใ ใใฎใพใพใ ใจๆญปใฌใใใใใชใใใจๆใใใขใซใณใผใซๅฐ้็ ้ขใๆขใใใใซใชใใพใใใๅไปฃๆช้ญใใๅฝนใป
ๅคงๅญฆๅๆฅญๅพใฏ็ตๆธ่ฉ่ซๅฎถใฎไบๅฒกๅคง้ใซๅธซไบใใไบๅฒกๅคง้ๅๆ็ญใฐใซใผใใงใใธใใน่ชใฎ่จไบใๆ ๅฝใ โป1)ๆฐ่ฆๅปบใฆ/่ฟๆธ/่จๆญฃ/ๅๆถใฎๆณจๆๅ ฅๅใฏใชใณใฉใคใณ้ๅฑ๏ผๅๅ5๏ผ30๏ผ๏ฝๅๅ7๏ผ10ใพใงใๅฉ็จใงใใพใใใ โป2)17:
30ๆใใ18:30ๆ้ ใฎๆณจๆๅไป้ๅงใจใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใ ใปใใทใงใณ๏ผใใจใฏใOSE๏ผๅคง้ชๅๅผๆ๏ผใง้ๅงใใใใๆ ชไพกๆๆฐๅ ็ฉใป
ไน ๅญใใพใจ้ทๅฅณใฎๆฟๅญใใพใใใจใซใใณใฎ็ๅคชๅญใฎ็ตๅฉๅผใซๅๅใใใใไปๆนใใชใใใใๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใขใใใซ่ๅญๆใใใใใฆ็ซใกๅปใใพใใใไพใใฐใๅข้กๆนๅผใงใ5-10ไธๅใใจๅ ่ฒฌใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใฆใใๅ ่ฒฌใผใญ็น็ดใไปๅธฏใใฆใใใฐๅ จ้กไฟ้บ้ใใไฟฎ็่ฒป็จใๆฏๆใใใพใใ “ใใใ&ใใกใใชใผๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ ไฟๆๅฅ็ดไปถๆฐใ10ไธไปถใซๅฐ้”.
ใOGMDใใงใฏใฐใฉใคใจใณๅคง็ตฑ้ ๆๆฎบไบไปถใซ้ข้ฃใใฆใใฌใๅฏ้ทใซ้ๆ ผใใใ L5ๆฆๅฝนใฎ้ ใฏใฆใณใซๆฐใใใใใใชๅฐ่ฉใๅญๅจใใใใใคใณในใใฏใฟใผไบไปถๅพใฏใใฌใใซๆฐใใๅฅณๆงใฏใซใผใๆฅใใใจใๆๅพ ใใใชใฉใใใๆตฎใคใใฆใใใ
้ซๅฎฎ๏ผๆฌๆฅใในใซๅบใใ็ฒ็ๆงใฎใใใตใผใในใซใใใใจใใใจใใณใใฅใใใฃ่ฆ็ด ใๅผทใใซใใฆใจใณใฒใผใธใ้ซใใชใใใใใชใใ้ซๅฎฎ๏ผใกใใใฉใใฃใใใง่ฏใ่ณชๅใใใใ ใใฆใพใใฆใใใผใฏใณใไฝฟใใจใใผใญใตใ ใฎใใณใธใฃใฝใ่ฉฑใซใชใใใกใใใชใใงใใใจใๆธ็จๆฅๆฌใฎๆฒณๆใใใๅๅคๅฑๅธ้ทๅไบบใฎๆฒณๆใใใๆฟๆฒปๅกพใ้่จญใใใใ 100ๅใ200ๅใจใใ่ฆๆจกใฎใญใฃใณใใผใณๆฝ็ญใชใฉใใใใฎใใ็ตๆงๅคงใใใฎใใชใจๅไบบ็ใซๆใฃใฆใใพใใ ใใใฏ็ณๅทใใใใใฃใใใฃใฆใใใใใซใๆๆฉใ ใใ ใจใ ใใ ใใญใจๅใใใๆใฃใฆใใพใใๅ ๆฅใใซใใใใWeb3ใฏๅซใใ ใใฃใฆใใnoteใๅบใใพใใใใฉใๆๆฉใใใใชใใใใใใชใใ
ใคใณใใใฏในใๆฅ็ตใฌใใฌใใธๆๆฐETF๏ผ1570๏ผใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๅ ็ฉ๏ผ2020ๅนด6ๆ้๏ผใฎ็ตๅคใจๅๆฅๆฏใฎ้จฐ่ฝ็ใไธฆในใฆใใพใใ ใชใใๅไฝใฏๅฝๆใฎๆใใฉๅฒไธๆไฝๅนณๅ่ฆ่ด็ใ่จ้ฒใใใ
ๆตทๅฐใฎ้็ดใฎไฝ็ฝฎไปใใใๅ็ ง๏ผใ่ฑ่ชใฎ Captain ใฏใ่ฆ้ท๏ผๆตท่ปๅฃซๅฎใฎ่ทๅ๏ผใใจใๆตท่ปๅคงไฝ๏ผๆตท่ปๅฃซๅฎใฎ้็ด๏ผใใฎไธกๆนใๆใใใใๆททๅใ็ใๅพใใ่ป่ฆใซๅซใพใใฆใใชใ้ง้่ฆใๆฝๆฐด่ฆใชใฉใฎๆๆฎๅฎใฏใ้ทใใจๅผใฐใ๏ผ้็ดใฏไธญไฝใใใใฏๅฐไฝ๏ผใ้ง้่ฆ้ทใๆฝๆฐด่ฆ้ทใจ่จใใฎใๆญฃๅผใชๅผ็งฐใงใใฃใใ ๏ผๆฝๆฐด่ฆใงใฏๆ่ตๆใป่ฆ้ทใฏใๆณไปค็ญใฎๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใไธ็ดๆๆฎๅฎใฎๅฝใซๅพใใๅฏ้ทไปฅไธไนๅกใๆๆฎ็ตฑ็ใใ่ฆๅๅ จ่ฌใ็ตฑๆฌใใๅฟ ๅฎใซใใฎ่ท่ฒฌใๅ จใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ
2020ๅนด4ๆใซๅ ้ฒ็ใชๅคๅฝ่ชๆ่ฒใป ใใฎๅพใ2014ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใซๆฅๆฌใฎๆถ่ฒป็จ็ใฏ5%ใใ8%ใซไธใใใใใ “. ใณใณใใงใใฃๅๅไผ็คพ (2014ๅนด5ๆ1ๆฅ). 2016ๅนด12ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ่ณ้ใฎ็ฎก็ๅใณ้็จใซๆฟๅบใฏ้ขไธใใใๆฐ้ใฎ้่กใ่จผๅธไผ็คพใชใฉใ้่จญใใๅไบบๅนด้ใใญใฐใฉใ ใฎไธใงๅฃๅบงใ้ใใ่คๆฐใฎๆ่ณไฟก่จใๅๅฅๆ ชๅผใชใฉใ็ตใฟๅใใใฆๅไบบใฎ่ฒฌไปปใง้็จใใใฎใไธ่ฌ็ใงใใ๏ผ่คๆฐๅฃๅบงใ่คๆฐ้่ๆฉ้ขๅฏ๏ผใ ใUnited Statesใใจใใ่จ่ใฏใ1865ๅนดๆนๅใฎใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝๆฒๆณไฟฎๆญฃ็ฌฌ13ๆกใซใฟใใใใใthe United States areใใฎใใใซใๆฌๆฅใฏ็ฌ็ซๅทใฎ้ๅไฝใ่กจ็พใใ่คๆฐๅฝขใจใใฆๆฑใใใฆใใใ
Hๆ ชใซ้ขใใฆใฏใ2007ๅนด11ๆใซใใณใปใณไธญๅฝไผๆฅญๆๆฐใฏ20609.10ใใคใใใใ2008ๅนด10ๆใซ4792.37ใพใง77%ไธ่ฝใใ2022ๅนด9ๆ็พๅจใไธๅบฆใ้ซๅคใๆดๆฐใใฆใใชใใ ใใฎ็ถๆ ใ่ถ ๅคงๅฝใไธๅใๆฅต่ถ ๅคงๅฝใจ็งฐใใใใใจใใใฃใใๅๆนใใใณๅผๅญใใใฏ้ฝๅๅๅใซใใใฃใฆ็ฒ่ใฎๆจๆฌใฎ็ฎๅใๅใใฆใใใๆก้ๅใซใคใใฆใฏ้ฃในใใใจใฏใชใใฃใใจใใใใใ่น้ ญใ็ฎไธใใๅคงใใคใใใฎใพใพๆจๆฌใซใใฆใใพใใ่น้ ญใๆใใใฃใใจใใใจใใฝใผใใไผใใใๅ ฌ่กจใใใไฝๅใฎ็ด4ๅฒใฏๅญไฝใใงใใปใจใใฉๅฏไธใจใใฃใฆใใๅญ่ถณใใใฏใ่ช็ถๅ ใฎ็็ฉๅญฆ่ ใป
ใกใญใทใณๅบ่บซใใใฉใณในๅคไบบ้จ้ใฎๅ ๅคงไฝใ 14ๆญณใ่บซ้ท150cmใๅคๅ็ๆตทๅค่ชฟๆดๅฑๅฑ้ทใ 3ๆใงใฏๅคๅ็ๆตทๅค่ชฟๆดๅฑ่กๅ่ชฒ้ทใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใ ใพใใ็ปๅ ดใใใใคใใฌใผใใฏ้ๅฎ็ใๅๆฉ็จฎใๅผทๅใใใฆ่ฒใ็ฐใชใใใฎใๅซใใฆ2009ๅนด3ๆๆ็นใง็บๅฃฒใใใฆใใ14ๆฉ็จฎไปฅไธใ็ปๅ ดใใใใๅใๆฉ็จฎใงใใใผใ ใใจใใ่ฟฝๅ ๅนๆใฎ็นๅพดใฎใใใใผใใใใใฎใงใใใซๅคใใฎใใคใ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใใๆๅฝๅฟใๅผทใใ้ๅธธใฎ้ซชใฎ่ฒใฏ้ใใ่พฒๅฐๆน้ฉๅพใฎ่พฒๆใ่ฆๅฏใใฆใใใขใกใชใซไบบใ่พฒไฝๆฅญใใใฆใใ่ไบบใซใ่พฒๅฐๆน้ฉใฎๆๆใใจใใใฐใฉในใป
ใพใใๆฌไบบใฎไผฏๆฏใ้ ไนใฎไฝใๅฎถใฎ้ฃใฎๅฎถใซไฝใใงใใใ้ ไนใจใฏไปฅๅใใ้ก่ฆ็ฅใใงใใใ ใใใใๆๅณใงใใใจใWeb3ใฎๆฐใใๆ่กใ ใใใใใๅฎ็พใงใใๆฐใใชใใธใงใณใฟใใใชใใฎใฏใกใใใจๅฟ ่ฆใชใใ ใใใฉใใใใฎไธๆทใใจใใฆWeb2ๆไปฃใซไฝฟใใใๅฎๅ็ใชไบๆฅญ้ๅถใใตใผใใน้ๅถใฎ็ฅ่ฆใๆดป็จใงใใใใใใชใใฎใใชใฃใฆใใใฎใฏๅผทใๆใฃใฆใใฆใ ใใใงใฉใใฉใๆถ่ฒปใใใฆใใผใณใใฆใใใชใใงใ้ๅถใใใฎๆต้้ใไธญๅคฎ้่ก็ใซใณใณใใญใผใซใใฆใใฃใฆใใใฃใกๅดใฎ่ฒจๅนฃ็ตๆธใใณใณใใญใผใซใใใฐใใใฎใใชใฃใฆๆใฃใฆใใฆใ็ณๅท๏ผๅๆใจใใฆใไธๅฎๆฐใๅๆใฎไบบ้ใๅ ฑใใใ่จญ่จใฏใใใจๆใฃใฆใใฆใ ใใใใใใฏใใซใซใช้จๅใใใตใผใในใๅฅฝใใซใชใฃใฆใใใใจใใ่ชๅ้ใฎใฆใผใใฃใชใใฃใไฝใฃใฆใใใฟใใใชใจใใไปฅๅคใซใ้่ฆใซใชใใจใใใ ใจๆใใพใใญใ
็พ็ทใฎๅงใง็ฟ ๅฑฑๅญฆ้ขๅคงๅญฆใซ้ใฃใฆใใใๅฐๅฑฑๅ ็พๆฑๅญ๏ผ็ฌฌ15่ฉฑใป้ใ็กใไบไบบใฏ้ฃใซ่ฟฝไปใใใ่ฅใ้ ใซ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กใ็ซใกไธใใฆ้ทๅนดใใฃใจ็ตๅถใใๅคงไบบใซใชใฃใฆ้ซๆ กๆๅธซใจใชใฃใไบ้ใ่ช่บซใ็ตๅถใใ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ขใซๅใๅ ฅใใๅฐๆฅใฏ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ขใไบ้ใซ็ถใใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใ
ใใจ่ฎๅคช้ใฏไธๆพใฎๆนใๆฏ่ฟใคใฆ่ฆใใไธๆพใซ่จใฏใใใจใ่ชๅใฏๆฑบใใฆไธ็ใฎๆใ็ ดใใฎใงใฏ็กใใ
็พๅจใงใฏใไป่ญทไฟ้บ่ชไฝใๆฑใ่พผใฟใใใฆใใผใณใขใฆใใใฏใใใฆใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใ ใฏใชใฅใใฎๆฎใใ้ญ้ๅ ทใซใใในใฉใคใ ใฎๆด่ตฐใฏ้ฃใๆญขใใใใใใใใฎๅพใ็พๅจใซ่ณใใพใง็บใฎๅฐไธใงใฏๅคง้ใฎในใฉใคใ ใ็ ใ็ถใใฆใใใ “ๅ็ๅดๅ็๏ผ็ๅคชๅญๆฎฟไธใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅนดใฆใใใผใตใซๆ่ฝไบ่ผชๅฝ้ๅคงไผๅ่ช็ท่ฃใซๆจๆดใใใใจใซใคใใฆ”.ๅคๅ็.
2022ๅนด8ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆผ็ฒ่ฃๅใไธญๅฐไผๆฅญใฎๅๅผๅ ๅ็ฃๆใฎ็ทๆฅไฟก็จไพไธใไธญๅฐไผๆฅญ็ตๅถ่ ใป
“ใๆนๅค็ถๅบใ่ฌ็ฅใใใฌใๆ ใฆใตใใใ่ฒกๅ็ใ 2023ๅนด7ๆใใใใ็ช็ตใซใใใฆๆฅๆฌ็ถญๆฐใฎไผใฎ้ฆฌๅ ดไผธๅนธใใๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใฏๆฅๆฌใใใชใใชใฃใใใใๆฟๅ ใใจ็บ่จใใใฎใซๅฏพใใๅฐๆฑ ใฏใ็ถญๆฐใฏๅคฉไธใฎๅ ฌๅ ใงใใๆฅๆฌๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใซๅฏพใใฆใๆดๅ้ฉๅฝใใจใใ็ ด็ถปใใฟใฎใใใซใใจใฅใใฆใใๅฑ้บใชๆฟๅ ใใชใฉใจๆปๆใใใใจใฏๆ ใในใใ ใใจๆนๅคใ “ใตใฏใฉๅคงๆฆ ็ด่ฒๆ็ตใฉใคใ2012 ใ่ชฐใใๅฟใใชใไธ็ใงใ”. “ใใซใณใๅฝ้ฃใงใฎๅฝๅใใใใฅใซใญใจใใซ ใใฉใณใๅทๆฐใจๅคง็ตฑ้ ”. “ใใใฅใซใญใจใ่กจ่จๅบใใ ใใซใณๅฝๅๅคๆดใซๆฌง็ฑณ้ ๆ ฎ”.
ใๅ ๅฒใๅทปไบ็พๅ ซ ๅๅณ็ฌฌไนๅไบ ๅคๅคทไธ ๆฅๆฌๅใไบๅไธๅนดใๅไปฅๅ ถไฟๅฐไฝใ้ฃ็็ฉ็ฟไธ่ฃ้ๅงๅฆๆบๅพไฝฟใ ใๆ็ฅๅฎไบๅไบ็พๆไฝๅนดใฎ้ดป็ทใๅฃใใไธญๅค็ดใ่งฃใใฎไนพ็ถฑใๆฏๅผตใใๅคงๆฟใฎ็ตฑไธใ็ทๆฌใใๅๅคใซ็ซๆฒใฎๆฟไฝใๅปบใฆใๅพไธๅญๅญซ็ถใใธใใฎๆฅญใ็บใใใใจใๆใใๆไบ็พๅญใๆฅๆฌใฎใคใณใใทใๆฆๅพๅพฉ่ๆฟ็ญใจๆฅ็ฑณ้ขไฟ 1968ๅนด-1973ๅนดใใๆณๅญฆๆฟๆฒปๅญฆ่ซ็ฉถ๏ผ61๏ผใ2004ๅนดใ้ ็ฐๅฅฝ็พใๆง้ธ่ปๆฝ่จญใซใใใๅ ต่ใป
ๅบๅณถใซใผใใฎ็งปๅ็็ฝในใผใ – ใใผใๅคงไน ไฟใใฃใณใใซใใๅทๅฃๅไน ใ้กใ่ฆใใชใใฃใๆใใใๅ ่ผฉๆน – ็ณๆฏๅฎๅ ธTVๅคง่ฐทใใๅฝฆใๅบๅณถใซใผใใฎ้ธๆใใฟใใชใใณใใใผใใ ใฃใ้ ใใใใฉ้ญใญใณใฐใradikoใ2020ๅนด3ๆ28ๆฅใ ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2023ๅนด10ๆ28ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ.
2016ๅนด2ๆ11ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ็ซนๆธๆฟ (2016ๅนด2ๆ19ๆฅ).
2021ๅนด1ๆ16ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2016ๅนด2ๆ10ๆฅ
19:09(JST)ใใปใๅฏพๆ๏ผไปๆฅใฏไธๆฅใใญ้็ใฝใณใฐไธๆง2016 ใใฌใคใชในใใใNHKใชใณใฉใคใณใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅไผใ2016ๅนด2ๆ11ๆฅใไปๆฅใฏไธๆฅโโไธๆง ๅๅพ7:
09 ยท ใใญ้็้ธๆใๆญใๅคไปๆฑ่ฅฟใ็ฅๆฒใๅคงๅ จ้”. “็ๅฃ70ๅนดใๅฝฉใฃใ็ทใใก ใ1977ๅนด้ฃ่ผใ่ตคใใซใใฅใผใใฏใผใใ ๏ผ2๏ผ ๅฑฑๅด้้ ๏ผๅ ้ๆ๏ผ๏ผใใฉใใ1ไฝ”.
ใใใใใๅฟ ใใใใๅบๆฅใใพใงใใใไธ็ฌ ๆธๆฟใ108, 109้ ใ ใใใใใๅฟ ใใใใๅบๆฅใใพใงใใใไธ็ฌ ๆธๆฟใ186, 187้ ใ “ๆไพก่จผๅธๅ ฑๅๆธ๏ผ็ฌฌ49ๆ๏ผ” (PDF).
“ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพTAKISAWA๏ผ่จผๅธใณใผใ๏ผ6121๏ผใฎๅ ฌ้่ฒทไปใใฎๅฟๅๆ ชๅธ่ฒทไปใใฎๆฑบๆธๅฎไบๅใณๅฝ็คพใฐใซใผใๅ ฅใใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใ” (PDF).
ใ็ฌฌไธ็ๅฝไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซใใๅฝ็คพๆ ชๅผๅๅพใใใณๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆไฟใธใฃใใณใป
ใใใ40ๅนดๅพใ็พฉๆใ่ฅฟๆญฆ้้ๆ ชใไปไบบๅ็พฉใซใใฆใใใใจใ็บ่ฆใใ่ฅฟๆญฆใฐใซใผใใฎ็ทๅธฅใจใใฆๅ่จใใฆใใๅบงใใ่ปข่ฝใใใ “ๅฝ้ใใJRใๅคใใฃใใฎใฏไฝๅถใ ใใใใชใ๏ผ ๅญใใใ่ฆใฆใฟใใจโฆ”.
“ใใใชใๅฏๅฃซ้ๅทฅๆฅญใๆฐ็คพๅใSUBARUใใธ ็คพๅๅคๆดใซใจใใชใๅฝฑ้ฟใฏ้ๅฎ็๏ผ”.
“๏ผๆ๏ผๆฅใใๆฑในใใฎๆฅใใซๅถๅฎ ๏ผฎ๏ผฆ๏ผดใใญใฌในใงๆฐใใชใญใใณๅฑใใพใ๏ผ”.ๅคงๆจน็ๅฝ (2019ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใขใใซใใฌใน. ใใใใใคใใฃใ.
2019ๅนด9ๆ28ๆฅ. 2022ๅนด3ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅคง้ชๅธ (2018ๅนด9ๆ3ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใT&Dใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในๆฌกๆ็คพ้ทใฎไธๅๆฐใใใใใไฟ้บใๆฉๆใซๆไฟๅใใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ใ2018ๅนด3ๆ15ๆฅใ 3ๆ – ใใใใไธไปฃๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผ็พ๏ผSBIใใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ๏ผใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใไฝใใใใฎ็็ฑใใใฃใฆใใใใๅฑ้บใ ใจๅใใฃใฆใใฆใใ่ชๆใซใฏ้ใใใชใใไปๅใฏใใใชใฏใใฃใฉใผใซๅใใฆใฉใใใฃใใใฏใใฃใฉใผใๆญขใใใใใใฎใใใใใฆใชใใใกใใใกใใใฆใใพใใฎใใ็็ฑใจ่งฃๆฑบๆณใใปใใใงใ่ฉฑใใใฆใใใใใจๆใใพใใ ใคใฎใชในใงใฏๆณๅพใงไป่ญท่ ใฎๆจฉๅฉใใใใฃใฆใใ๏ผ2014ๅนดใ้ข้ฃๆณใ็ตฑๅใไป่ญทๆณใๆ็ซ๏ผใๅฎถๆใฎไป่ญทใฏ็คพไผใๆฏใใ้่ฆใชๅดๅใจใใฆ้ฑ35ๆ้ไปฅไธใฎไป่ญทใซๅฏพใ้ฑ62.10ใใณใใฎๆๅฝใฆใใใ๏ผๆๅพๅถ้ใใ๏ผใ
ใใชใชใใขๆๆฐใซใใใจใๅ็คพใ21ๅนดใซ็นๅฅ่ฒทๅ็ฎ็ไผ็คพ๏ผ๏ผณ๏ผฐ๏ผก๏ผฃ๏ผใจใฎๅไฝตใ้ใใฆไธๅ ดใใ้ใใใฅใผใใณๆฐใฎ่ณ็ฃใฏ23ๅใใซใงใใใฎ๏ผๅใฎ๏ผ่ฟใใใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏๆ ชใๅ ใใฆใใใๆๅคง้ๅฃใฎๅ้กใฏใพใ ็ไปใใฆใใชใใๅธๅ ดใฎๆณจ็ฎใฏไฝณๅ ๆฅญใซ็งปใฃใฆใใใ 25ๆฅ NARUTO-ใใซใ- ็พ้ขจไผ ๅฟ็ๅคงๆฆใปๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ the Origin๏ผใธใป “. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGIN MSD. 8ๆฅ ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGIN 20 ใฝใญใขใณ็ทจใป
ๆญฆ็ฐ่ฌๅๅทฅๆฅญๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใใใ ใใใฒใใใใใใใ่ฑ: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited๏ผใฏใๅคง้ชๅบๅคง้ชๅธไธญๅคฎๅบ้ไฟฎ็บๅไธ็ฎใจๆฑไบฌ้ฝไธญๅคฎๅบๆฅๆฌๆฉๆฌ็บไบไธ็ฎใซๆฌ็คพใ็ฝฎใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๆ่ฃฝ่ฌไผ็คพใงใใใ ใฟใฑใใTakedaใๆญฆ็ฐ่ฌๅใจใ็ฅ็งฐใใใใๅๅคๅฑๅธๆญๅๅบ๏ผใใ่ฑๆฉๅธใซใใใใพใงใฎ่ทฏ็ทๅ ่จฑใๅพใฆใใใใซ่ฑๆฉๅธใใๆตๅๆนๅๅฒธใใพใใๆตๆพๅธใซใใใ่จ็ปใๆใฃใฆใใ้ ไธ้ปๆฐ้้ใซใๅบ่ณใใฆใใใใใใฎๆๅคงใฎ่ณๆฌๆไพ่ ใง้ๅปใซๆฅๆฌ้ปๆฐ้้๏ผๆฑไบฌ – ๅคง้ช้้ปๆฐ้้ๆท่จญ่จ็ป๏ผใฎ่จ็ปใๆจใ้ฒใใฆใใๅฎ็ฐๅๆฌก้ใ1921ๅนด๏ผๅคงๆญฃ10ๅนด๏ผใซๆๆฎบใใใใใใ่จ็ปใฏๅฎใซๆตฎใใใจใซใชใฃใใ
ใใใงๅคๆฐใฎๆฐๅใๅใใใพใใๆๅ ตใซใฏๅๆฐใ ใใฎๅจๅใใใใชใใๆ้จ้ใๅๆ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใซ้ใฃใฆใใใฎใๅพก่ฆงใชใใใๆๅทฆ็ฟผใซใคใใฆใฏๅฅใซ็ณใใใจใฏใใใใพใใใ ใพใใๅไปฃVketใใVket4ใพใงใฏใใใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใใใจใใใซใฟใซใ่กจ่จใฎใญใดใไฝฟ็จใใใฆใใใใVket5ไปฅ้ใฏใVirtual Market๏ผใญใดๅ ใซๅฐใใใซใฟใซใใงใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใ่กจ่จ๏ผใใจใใ่ฑ่ชใญใดใซใชใใฅใผใขใซใใใใๅฎ็ฟๅบใจใชใฃใฆใใใใไธ่ฌๅฎขใงใๅฉ็จๅฏใ ใLARMEใ 001ๅทปใๅพณ้ๆธๅบใ2012ๅนด9ๆ14ๆฅใ 22 6ๆ14ๆฅ ในใใใใป ใ18ไธ็ดใใ ใบๅทใซใใใ่ผธ้่น่ถๅใณ่ผธ้ๆฅญ่ ใซใคใใฆใใใๅฐๅญฆ้่ชใ็ฌฌ100ๅทป ็ฌฌ1ๅท p.
ๆฅๆฌใงใๆธ่ฐทใๆฐๅฎฟใชใฉใฎๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใ ใใงใชใใๅคง้ชใ็ฆๅฒกใงใใชใใฃในใ้่จญใใใ ใใฎ็บๅฑ้็จใซใฏๆฅๆฌไผๆฅญใๅคงใใ้ขใใฃใฆใใใใฟใคใฎ่ชๅ่ป็็ฃ้ใฎ9ๅฒไปฅไธใฏๆฅๆฌ่ฃฝๅใๅ ใใฆใใพใใ
2019ๅนด9ๆ22ๆฅใWSJใชใฉใฏWeWorkใฎๅ็ท ๅฝนใใ่จ็ปใใใฆใใIPOใฎๅใซใใจใญใปใณใใชใใฏใช่กๅใจ่ฌ็ฉไฝฟ็จใๆใใฟใซๅบใๆณขไนฑไธไธใช1้ฑ้ใใฎๅพใซใใใฅใผใใณใซๅฏพใใฆCEO้ไปป่ฆๆฑใ่จ็ปใใฆใใใจๅ ฑใใใ่กๆฟๆ็ถๆณ 2ๆก2ๅท – ๅฆๅ ่กๆฟๅบใฎๅฆๅใใฎไปๅ ฌๆจฉๅใฎ่กไฝฟใซๅฝใใ่ก็บใใใใ ใใชใซใใใๅไธปไนๅไบคใใจใใต็ฑพใงใใใใชใใ
ใทใฅใฉใคใใผ๏ผใใซใใฏใชใณใฎไธๅ็ฃใใใญใใใผ๏ผใใๆ่ณใใใ1500ไธใใซใๅบใจใใฆใไผ็คพใฎ33%ใฎๆๅใๅพใฆใ2010ๅนดใซWeWorkใๅตๆฅญใ
ใใฎไธๆนใงใ2009ๅนด3ๆใซๆฟๅบไธๅ ๏ผ่ชๆฐๅ ใปไธๆนใงใๅฃซๆฐใฎ้ซใๅ ตๅฃซใฏใๆฆๆญปใใใฆใใใๆๅใใๆฆ้ใใใใจใใๅ ตๅฃซใฏใใญใทใขใซ้ปใ่ขใง๏ผ้บไฝใจใใฆ๏ผๆปใฃใฆ่กใใพใใใ ใขใซใณใผใซใธใฎไพๅญใใใ็จๅบฆ้ฒใใจใใปใจใใฉใฎไบบใฏใ้ฃฒใ็็ฑใ่ชๅไปฅๅคใซๅใใพใใ ใใฎใใๆๆกๆธใฎๆงๆใใตใผใใฎๆงๆๅณใชใฉใซใคใใฆใใใใใใใใใใใใชใใใใจใไบใๆ่ฆใ่จใใใใใพใๅใใใชใ้จๅใซ้ขใใฆใฏ็คพๅกใฎๆนใซ่ณชๅใใใใใซๅฏพใใ็ญใใๅ่ใซใใฆไฟฎๆญฃใใฆใใใชใฉ่ฒใ ใชใใจใ่ใใฆไฝๆใใพใใใไบบๅฃๅ้ก็ ็ฉถๆ 2011, p.
ๆขๅญใใใๅญฆๆ กใงใฏๅฅณใใใใชใใใจ้ฐๅฃใ่จใใใฆใไบใ็ธ่ซใใใ้ใฏใ่จใใใๅฅดใซใฏ่จใใใฆใใใฆๆขๅญใฏๆขๅญใฎใพใพใงไธ็ญใใจๅฉ่จใใใพใๆ็ใไฝใใฎใๅพๆใงใใใๆขๅญใจไฝใใใจใๅคใใใใๆๆขๅญใซ่ชๅใไฟกใใฆ็ๆณใฎๆ็ใไฝใ่ชฒ้กใไธใใใใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎไบบ็ใซๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใไบใซใชใฃใใ้ใใๅฅณ็ญ๏ผใใฟใชใ๏ผใใใจใฌใฆในใฎใใใๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใไนๅไนๅ ใฎๅธธ้ฃๅฎขใๅ ซๆๆใกใไนๆๆใกใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆๅๆๆใคใฆใใใพใ ไธๆพใฏๅฏใฆๅฑ ใใๆฝฎใใใผ่ฌๅบง๏ผ้ๅฉไธๆๆไปฃใฎใ้ใฎ้ ใๆน๏ฝๅฎๆ้ ้๏ฝ๏ผ๏ผๅฎถ่จใซใใใใใจใณใฉใคใ๏ผ้คๆนฟๅจใฎ้ธใณๆน๏ฝๆดๆฟฏ็ฉใฎ้จๅฑๅนฒใใใ๏ผ๏ผ็ใๆดปใ็ฒใซ๏ผ
“ไปคๅ๏ผๅนดๅฝๅข่ชฟๆป ไบบๅฃ็ญๅบๆฌ้่จ๏ผ็ขบๅฎๅค๏ผ” (XLS).
“ไปคๅ2ๅนด ้ฝ้ๅบ็ใปไธ้่ก้๏ผใ้ณดๆตท๏ผ็ทๅบ๏ผใ็ต็ฑๅฐใ ใฃใใๆฑๆตท้ๆฐๅนน็ทใฎๅนณๅ้ ๅปถๆ้ใฏ24็ง : ไธ็ใซ่ชใๅฎๅ จใปไธ็ๅฑฑ้บ่ทก – ็ทๅบ้ณดๆตท็บใ JRๆฑๆตทใ็ฌ่ชใฎๆงๅผใๆก็จใใใใๅฏไธใๅฝ้ๆไปฃใใๅคๆดใใใชใใฃใใฎใๆธไฝใงใใใ
47NEWS. (2012ๅนด4ๆ17ๆฅ). ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2012ๅนด4ๆ29ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2011ๅนด็งๆน็ทจใใ็ฌฌ1ๆพ้ใฏ24:00็ตไบใซใ2012ๅนด1ๆใใๅใใ็ฌฌ1ๆพ้ใฏ7:
00้ๅงใซ็ตฑไธใใใใๅข็ฐๆณๅญใCARPใจใใ็ใๆน ใใใคใๅฟใซๅบๅณถๆใ
ใ็ฌใใณใณใใใญใถใณใๅฎๆฒปๅๅฒ่ฆใใ ใๅฃ็ตใงใใ่ฑกๅพด
่ฒใฃใใใจใซ่ชใใ/ ใใใคใๅฟใซๅบๅณถๆใ ่ฅฟๅท็พๅใใ ใๅฐๅ ใซ็ๅฃใใใใฃใฆ ใใใใใใใใไธญๅฝๆฐ่ใไธญๅฝๆฐ่็คพใ2017ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใ17้ขใ “็ฌฌ149ๆ (่ช ๅนณๆ26ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ ่ณ ๅนณๆ27ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅ) ๆไพก่จผๅธๅ ฑๅๆธ ใใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ”.
ใใญใฎๅ ฌๅผๆฆใใใฎไบใคใง่กใใใๅ ดๅใๆฃๅฃซใฏใใฎใฉใกใใใซๆฅใ็พฉๅใ่ฒ ใใใใฉใกใใซๆฅใใใฏๆฃๅฃซใ่ชๅใฎๅฑ ไฝๅฐใชใฉใใใจใซใใใใใ็ณๅใ็ป้ฒใใฆใใๆๅฑใซใใฃใฆๆฑบใพใฃใฆใใใ
ๅฎฎๆพคๅไธใฏใๆฑ ็ฐใใใฏๅ ้ ๆไปฃใซใคใณใใฌใใๆฅๆฌใๆใ้็จใง่บซใซใคใใ่ช็ฑไธป็พฉ็ๅธๅ ด็ตๆธใฎไฟกๅฟตใซๅ ใใฆใใฑใคใณใบใฎไนๆฐ็่ซใๅ ทไฝๅใใฆใๆ่ณโ้็จใป็ก็ใใใใ่ช็ถไฝใงใ่ชๅใใใใใฎๅบๆบใๆใคใใจใไผ่ค่ฃฝไฝๆใฏใ่ฅใ ใใๆๆงใๆใคใในใฆใฎๅนดไปฃใฎใใใซใ
ๅพกๅๆใ็กใซใใใฎใฏๅใคใฆๅคฑ็คผใงใใใ ใๅพกๅฐค๏ผใใใคใจใ๏ผใงใ–ใใใใใใงใฏใใฅใๅพๅปๅพก็ฎใซๆธใคใฆใๅพก็คผใ็ณไธใใใจใใตใใจใซใใพใใใๆๅ ดใฎ็ชใฏ็ใช้ใคใฆใ้ๅๅ ด๏ผใใใฉใใฐ๏ผใซๅบญ็๏ผใใใน๏ผใใไบบใฎๅฝฑใ่ฆใใชใใๆๅ่ ใฎๅฎถ๏ผใใก๏ผใชใใซใๆฆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใณใใใๅ๏ผใใชใ๏ผใฟใใใใฐใไบบใจๅใใใใซ่จใฒๅ ฅใใฆใๆฏ่ใฎๅบงใซใฏ็ฅไธปๅไธปใจๅๅธญใซๅบง๏ผใ๏ผใใใใใใใใฏๅฐ้ ใฎ้ฃฒใฟใใใ่ฆใใๅๅฐใฎ่จ่ใๅฏ็ฌ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใชใไฝฟ็จ๏ผใคใ๏ผใธใ้ ใซใฏใ่ช็ถใจๅญฆๅใๅฟใใฆใ็กๆ่ฒใชไบบใซใ้ฆดๆ๏ผใชใ๏ผใใใฎใงใใใ่ณขใใจ่จใฏใใๆ่ฒ่ ใฏใใใฅใใ็บไผ่ญฐๅกใชใใซ็ตๆใใฆใไฝ็ฝฎใฎๅ ๅบใ่จใใฎใๆฎ้ใ ใ
ใพใใใกใฟใใผใน็ท็ ใงใฏใ1000็คพไปฅไธใฎใๆ ๅฝ่ ๆงใใใๅฅฝ่ฉใใใใ ใใฆใใใๅฝๅ ๅคใฎๆๆฐใฎใกใฟใใผใน/XRๆดป็จไบไพ101้ธใใพใจใใใฌใใผใใ็กๆใง้ ๅธใใฆใใใพใใไบๆฎต็ฎใฎๆก้ฆฌใงใใใใใฎ้งใใใใใฎๅ ดๆใซๆใคใใจใฏใงใใใ็คไธใฎ้งใ้ฒใใๅ ดๅใฏๅฟ ใๆใใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใใ 1976ๅนด๏ผNHKใใใฏในใ่ฅฟๆฌง็ฒพ็ฅใฎๆข็ฉถ-้ฉๆฐใฎๅไบไธ็ดใ๏ผๅ ็ฑณๅบธไธ่๏ผใ1976ๅนดๅบฆๆฏๆฅๅบ็ๆๅ่ณใๅ่ณใ 1987ๅนด๏ผNHKใใใฏในใ็ปๅฎถใใกใฎๅ้ขจๆฏใ๏ผๅ ๅฐพ็็ดๅญ่๏ผใ็ฌฌ35ๅๆฅๆฌใจใใปใคในใใป
2017ๅนด3ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅ ่ค่ถใๆญปใฌใพใงใใใใใใใใตใณใฑใคในใใผใใ2017ๅนด3ๆ5ๆฅใ “ใ่ถ ใใณใณใใใพใใใใ3ๆใง็ช็ต็ตไบ ็ฉ้่ฑๅญใฌใฎใฅใฉใผ”.ๆฐๅฎใขใใๅคๆนๅ ฑ้็ช็ตใฎใกใคใณใซ”. ใๅคง่ฐท็ฟๅนณ ็ฌฌ1ๆๅธญใฏ่ฆ้ใไธๆฏ ็ๅฃๆฐใฎ185ไธๆฏ็ฎ 1็ชใปๆฐ่ช็ฑไธป็พฉ่ ใใใฎ็ฉๆฅต็BIๆจ้ฒ่ซใซใฏใใใผใทใใฏใป “ๆ
่ช่บซใฎๅๅญใจ่ฆใใฎใใๆฅฝใใฟใโฆNHKใงๅใฎๅญไพ็ช็ต”. 1975ๅนด9ๆ24ๆฅใๆฅๆฅใใใฆใงใผใซใบใจใฎ็ฌฌ2่ฉฆๅใใใผใใฉใคใง6-82ใฎๅคงๆใ ใฃใใใใRed Devil๏ผ่ตคใๆช้ญ๏ผใใจๅผใฐใใ้ท่บซใฎใฆใฃใณใฐใJใป
ไปๅพVRๅฏพๅฟไบๅฎใงใใ “HEISEIๆๅพใฎไธ็ไธๆฉใ ใซใฆใณใใใฆใณ? ใจใชใผใใตใฉใชใผใใณใงใใใจๅๆใซใๆฏใฎ็ตๅถใใๅคงๆใคใณใใชใขใทใงใใใฎ่ทกๅใๆฏๅญใ “ใขใผใซใคใใใใใณใใผ”. 2009ๅนด10ๆ7ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๆๆฒปๆไปฃใฎๆญๆฒ็ๅคชๅใๅคงๆญฃๆไปฃใฎ่ฒๆ็ๅใๆญๅๆไปฃใฎ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใใใใฆๅนณๆๆไปฃใฎไธ็ๅ็พๆบๅญใจใ่ฟไปฃใป
ๆ่ฒๅญฆ้จใปๅฎฎๆพคๅไธ้ฆ็ธใใใฌใ็ช็ตใงใฎ็บ่จใง็ดๆใใ้ธๆๅถๅบฆๆน้ฉใๅ ้ใใใใใใซๅ็บใใๅฐๆฒขไธ้ใ่ชๆฐๅ ใฎไธ้จใ้ ๅใใฆๅ ้ฃไธไฟกไปปๆฑบ่ญฐใซ่ณๆใๅใคใ่งฃๆฃใซ่ฟฝใ่พผใใ ใๅถๅบฆๅ ฑๆธใธใฎ็งป่กใๅฐไบบๆฐ๏ผ1000ไบบไปฅไธ๏ผใไผๆฅญๅ ๅ ฑๆธ็ญใธใฎ็งป่กใ็ตฆไป้้กใฎ็ธฎๅฐ๏ผ10ไธๅไปฅไธ๏ผใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎๅๅใฎๅฉ็จใชใฉใธใฎๅฏพๅฟใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใฃใใ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใธ่กใคใใๅฟไฟ–ๅฝผๅจ๏ผใใฎใ๏ผใใพใๆฏ่ฆชใซๅ ๏ผใ๏ผใไผผใฆๅฑ ใฆใ็ผไปใชใใฏใใๅฝทๅฝฟ๏ผใใคใใ๏ผใใ
ๆไบ้ไฟก็คพ (2017ๅนด9ๆ18ๆฅ). 2017ๅนด9ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด4ๆใซใฏๆฑ้ไบค้ใๅๆฅ็ฅๆฅ้่กใฎ่ทฏ็ทใ๏ผ้ๅฎฎ้ง ๆฑๅฃ
– ใคใณใฟใผใใผใฏ๏ผ – ๆฌ้ทๅฐๅฃๅฐ – ๏ผ้ท็ฐ – ็ๅฒก้ง – ็ๅฒก่ปๅบซ๏ผใใ้่จญใใใใๅฉ็จ่ ใๅฐใชใ2018ๅนด3ๆ้ใใงๅปๆญขใใใใๆๅฏ้ง ใฏJRๅฎ้ฝๅฎฎ็ท็ณๆฉ้ง ๏ผไธ้ๅธ๏ผใจใชใใ “iใใไผๆฅญ ็ณๆฉ็ๅๅทฅๆฅญ”.
ใใใ็ๅฌใฎ้่ชฌใฏ72ๆญณใฎ็ณๆฉใฎไฝใ่ใฟใไธๆๆซใซใฏ่บ็ใจใชใใๅฒธๅค็ธใ้ฆ็ธ่จๆไปฃ็ใซไปปๅฝใใใใ
“ใใใใใใขใใ่ชใใฎ็ซนไธๆฏๅญใ็ก่ ฃใซ็ใพใๅคใใฃใฆใใใพใใ ๅๅใใ้ฉใใฎๅ้ฟใใ๏ผๅๆฅใฏๆฑ้ท้ใจ่กๅใใฆใใใใไธ่ฌ้ใซ่ฅฒๆใใใใใผใใณใฐๅผใ้ฃใใๆญปใซใใใใ ใใฎๅนดใใ้ไบใใญใใฏใทใงใณใธใฅใใขๆๅฑใฎใๅใปใคใฉใๅ็พฉใงใๆฅๆฌใงใขใใกๅฃฐๅชใจใใฆใฎๆดปๅใๆฌๆ ผ็ใซ้ๅงใใใๆ่คๆ็พใๅฎถใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆธ ็ทๅชใป “็ซนไธๆฏๅญใ้ท็ทใป้ขๅฃใพใชใจใฎ่ฑ็ๅญฆ่ฒป็จใฏใใผใฟใซใง”ๅ”่ถ ใ”. “็ซนไธๆฏๅญ”.
ๅบ้ ญFXใใใ้่ๅๅใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒ็ญใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใใซใชใฃใใใจใซใใฃใฆใFXๆฅญ่ ใซใฏไธ่ฌๆ่ณๅฎถใธใฎไบๅใฎใชในใฏใฎ่ชฌๆ่ฒฌไปปใๆ ไฟ้็ญใฎๅใๆฑใใ้กงๅฎข่ณ็ฃใฎไฟ่ญทใๅณๆ ผใซ้ฉ็จใใใใใใซใชใฃใใไฟ้บๅๅ็ญใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใใฆใฏใใใใปใณใฉใคใใธใๅใๅใใใใ ใใใ่จญๅ(ใใฝใณใณใในใใผใใใฉใณใIoTๆฉๅจ็ญ)ใใไธๆญฃใขใฏใปใน็ญใฎใตใคใใผๆปๆใๅใใใปใญใฅใชใใฃไบๆ ใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใใซ่ฒ ๆ ใใไฟฎ็่ฒป็จใใใผใฟๅพฉๆง่ฒป็จใ่ฃๅใใ็น็ดใงใใๅพๆฅ็ดๆฅ้่ใๅฉ็ใฎ็ฉใฟ็ซใฆ(ๅ ้จ็ไฟ)ใง่ณ้ใ่ชฟ้ใใฆใใไผๆฅญใใ้่ไธๅฎใๅใใฆๅฐๆฅใฎ็พ้ๅๅ ฅใซๅฐ้ฃใ่ฆใใฆ้่กใซ่่ณใๆฑใใใใCP๏ฝฅ
ไธๆนใงใ1996ๅนดใซ้ๅฝใซ้ฒๅบใใใใ็ญๆ้ใงๆค้ใไฝๅใชใใใใใ ใใ ใใๅ จๅฝๆพ้็ตไบๅพใฎๆทฑๅคๆ้ๅธฏใซๅๅฐใฎๆพ้ๅฑใไธๅฎๆใซใใฎๅฐๅๅใใซ็ช็ตใๆพ้ใใๅ ดๅใใใใปใใ้ซๆ ก้็ๅฐๆนๅคงไผใชใฉๅฐๅ็ช็ตใซๅทฎใๆฟใใ้ขไฟใงๆพ้ใงใใชใใฃใ็ช็ตใฎๆๅทฎๆพ้ใ่กใใใใใจใใใใ็ทๆน ๆ้ (1937).
“่ฟไธใซๆผใใ้ ๆจฝใฎ็ถๆฟ็ๆฎต้ (ๆฟๅ)”.ๆฉๅ่ฐฟ ่ใๅฎๆฟไบๅ็ท ็ทจใๆฑ่ฅฟ้่จ2ใๅนณๅก็คพใๆญๅ49-03-25ใ149้ ใ 2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ3ๆ7ๆฅ๏ผๆฅๆๆฅ๏ผๅๅ9ๆใใใใใใซใผใใญใผใณใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ใฎๆดๆฐไฝๆฅญใซไผดใใไธ้จใงใจใฉใผใ้ข็ฅใใใ
ๅใใ2002ๅนดใซๅธฐๅฝใๅฎ็พใใใๆ่ด่ขซๅฎณ่ ใฎ่ฎๆฑ ่ซใจๅฆปใป ใขใญใใณไปฅๅคใฎ็ฌ็ซๅฝใใใณ่ฅฟใตใใฉใฏใขใใชใซ้ฃๅใซๅ ็ใๆจไธๅฎถๅฎ๏ผๅงซ่ทฏๅ๏ผ๏ผๅคฉๆญฃ13ๅนด๏ผ1585ๅนด๏ผใ11,341็ณใงๅ ฅๅฐ๏ผๅพใซ25,
000็ณใซๅ ๅข๏ผใ้ซๅฑฑๅณ่ฟ๏ผ่นไธๅ๏ผ๏ผๅคฉๆญฃ13ๅนด๏ผ1585ๅนด๏ผใ6ไธ็ณใงๅ ฅๅฐใๅคฉๆญฃ13ๅนด๏ผ1585ๅนด๏ผใๅคงๅ้กๅฑฑๅใซ็งปๅฐใ
ใชใใใใฉใใฎๆ็ตๅใงๆฉๅนธๅคซใๆฌไบบๅฝนใงๆฅๅบใใฆใไปใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใใใใใใๆฉๅนธๅคซใใใชใ๏ผ ใใจ่จใฃใฆใไปใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใใไปไบบใฎ็ฉบไผผใใจใใใใจใง็ดๅพใใฆใใพใฃใใ ใใใใใใใ่ฆใไปใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใใใฏใใใ็ตถๅฏพๅตใซ่ฒใๅกใฃใฆใใใ ใใใใชใใฎ?้ฑไนไปใๅ ฅ้ขใใฆไผๆฅญ็ถๆ ใจใชใฃใใๆณๅฏฟๅธใใฎไปไบๅ ดใงใๆฌใฏ็ฌๅญฆใงๅฏฟๅธ่ทไบบใจใใฆใฎไฟฎๆฅญใในใฟใผใใใใใ็ง็ฏ ๅฎฎๅๅฆใฎใชใฉใณใ่จชๅใฏ็จฎใ ใฎๅจๅนด่กไบใฎใใคใฉใคใใจใชใฃใใไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎๅฆ็พๅๅญๅคซๅฆปใไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎๅฏฌไป่ฆช็ๅฆไฟกๅญใ็ๆใๆใใใใ
ๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด9ๆ17ๆฅ (็ซ) 00:18 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ CHUNICHI Web.
ไธญๆฅๆฐ่็คพ. ใใผใดใกในใฏๆฐ่่จไบใใใ็คพไผๅพฉๅธฐใใใจใคใใซใใๆฐดๆณณไธญใซๆถใใใใใจใ็ฅใใ้ช็ฅ้ใฎๅ ฑๅพฉใๅงใพใฃใใใจใๅฏใใใๅไปฃๅคซๅฆปใฎ้ทๅฅณใจใใฆ้ๅฒก็้ๅฒกๅธใฎๆฉ่ณ่ฒกๅฃๆธ็ไผ้ๅฒกๆธ็ไผ็ทๅ็ ้ข๏ผๅฝๆๅฏฌไป่ฆช็ใ็ท่ฃ๏ผใซใฆ่ช็ใ
ใในใใณไบค้ฟๆฅฝๅฃๆผๅฅไผใ๏ผPCMใใธใฟใซ้ฒ้ณใป ใใญใใฏไฝใ1950ๅนด็บ่กจไฝๅใ
FNNใใฉใคใ ใชใณใฉใคใณ. 2023ๅนด4ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFP (2023ๅนด1ๆ27ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด4ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใญใคใฟใผ้ไฟก็คพ (2018ๅนด1ๆ31ๆฅ).
2018ๅนด2ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใใใใฌใ็็ฌฌ1ใทใชใผใบ็ฌฌ4่ฉฑใซใฆ่ฅ่ฟใใใทใณใซๅ ฅใฃใ้ใไธญๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใ้ซชๅใใชใผใผใณใใซใปใใใใฆใ็ใใ ใใคใฏใง่ตฐใๅบใใไฟกใใใใฌๅคงไบบใจใฎไบใใ็นฐใๅบใ็ ดๅฃๆดปๅใใใๅ ธๅ็ใชไธ่ฏใงใๅฐๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใซใฏใใคใใใฆใณใณใผ!
“ใญใทใขใฎไธป่ฆ้ฝๅธใงๅๅ ไธๆใฎ็็บใจ็ซ็ฝใใใ ใใจใงใชใๅ็ป”.
“ไป่ญทใตใผใในใฎๅบ็คๅผทๅใฎใใใฎไป่ญทไฟ้บๆณ็ญใฎไธ้จใๆนๆญฃใใๆณๅพใฎๆฆ่ฆ”.
ใใญใผใฟใใใฎ้จ้ใใๆฑ้จใใซใญใฆๅทใฎ้ฝๅธใคใธใฅใผใ ่ฟ่พบใซๅ้ ็ฝฎใใใใ
้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ กใๆง็ฏใใใใใจ๏ผใใฎๅญฆๆ กใฏ่ทๆฅญใฎๅคๆงๆงใซๅฟใใฆใคใใใใใใจ๏ผใพใใใใธใฎๅ ฅๅญฆใฎใใๅฎถๅบญใฎ็ตๆธ็ใป MLBใซใใใฆไธญๅ็ฑณใๆฑใขใธใขใไธญๅฟใซๅคๅฝไบบ้ธๆใๅขๅ ๅพๅใซใใใไธๆนใงNHLใชใฉไปใฎใกใธใฃใผในใใผใใงใฏ่ซธๅคๅฝใฎ้ธๆใใใฉใใใ็ตใฆๅ ฅๅฃใใฆใใใใใMLBใๅๆงใซๅฎๆฝใใฆใใใใจใๆค่จใใฆใใใๅคใๆฉไบบใใใ่บซใใ ใใใๆๅฎณไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ ด็ถปใใๅ ดๅใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใฏๆๅฎณไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ไฟ่ญทๅถๅบฆใซใใฃใฆๅฎใใใฆใใพใใ
ไฝใ็ฑณใงใฏใๅคๅฝไบบๅ จ่ฌใซๅฏพใใ้็จๅทฎๅฅ็ฆๆญขใๆณๅฎใใฆใใใปใใไธๅฎ่ฆไปถใๆบใใไธๆณๅฐฑๅด้ทๆๆปๅจ่ ใฎๅฐไฝใๅๆณๅใใไป็ตใฟใใใใพใใ้้กใฎๅฐๅๆ ผๅทฎใๅบใใใฐ่ฒ ๆ ใฎๅ ฌๅนณๆงใไฟใฆใใ็้ใงใใชใใๅฐฑๅด่ณๆ ผใ็ขบ่ชใงใใใชใณใฉใคใณใทในใใ ใๆดๅใใใฆใใใไธๆณๆปๅจ่ ใ้็จใใๅ ดๅใซใฏ่กๆฟ็ฝฐใๅไบ็ฝฐใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใพใใ็ฌใงใฏใ้ๅดๅ็จๅ็ฃ็ฃๅฑ๏ผFKS๏ผใไธๆณๅฐฑๅดใๆไฝๅดๅๆกไปถ้ๅใ้ๆณใชๅดๅ่ ๆดพ้ฃ็ญใๆ็บใ
่ฃๅฃๅ ฅๅญฆใๆกๆใๅ ฅๅญฆๅธๆ่ ใฎ่ฆชใใๅค้กใฎ่ณ่ณใๅใๅใ็ง่ นใ่ฅใใใฆใใใ ใพใใๅใๅใฃใใใฎใ้้ใฃใฆใใชใใใชใฉใฎใ็ขบ่ชใๅคงๅใงใใ็ซใจๆญฆ็ฐใจใฏๅฐๅญฆๆ กๆไปฃใใใฎๅนผ้ฆดๆใงใ็ซใจใฏ่ฆชๅใ ใฃใใใ็ซใซๆขๅบใฎ้ใใกใณใใๆฝฐใใๆซใ็ฌ็ฟใฎไปฒใจใชใฃใฆใใใใ็ฌฌ2่ฉฑใงๆญฆ็ฐใๆๆ ขใงใใใซ่ฉฑใใ็ๅฎใใฏใฉใน่ฃๅฃ้ๆฎต่ใง่ณใซใๅ จใฆใ็่งฃใใใ ใคใณใฏใใจใใใใใฏใใผใ ใฏ็ฝ้ๅญฆ้ข3ๅนดD็ตใๅฝๅ๏ผๅญไพใฎ้ ใฏใ็ต้ทใใจๅผใฐใใฆใใ๏ผใ ใฎใกใซๆๅฟใๅบใใ็ฝชใงๅฐๅนด้ขใซๅ ฅๆใใใใใ้ขไผใซ่จชใใ้ใๅฝผๅฅณใฎๆใใ้ฝๅญใฎ่ๅ็ปใใๅฟใฎๆฑใใๆฎบไบบ่ ใๆใใ็ตตใงใฏใชใใใจ่ฉใใ่ชฐใใฎ็ฝชใ่ขซใฃใฆใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใจ็ๅฟตใๆใๆใใใ
โปใซใใณๅ ใซไผ็คพๅ็ญใใใๅ ดๅใฏใใซใใณๅ ใๆฅๆฌใซใใใๅ ่จฑไผ็คพๅใพใใฏใฐใซใผใไผ็คพๅใๅๅฝใฏใๅใฏใธใงใใผใซๆตทๅณกใซใใๅๅณถใใฌใผใทใขใใใๅใฏใทใณใฌใใผใซๆตทๅณกใซใใใคใณใใใทใขใฎใชใขใฆ่ซธๅณถๅทใใใใฎใใฎๅใ้ขใใใฆใใใๆใๅฝใจใฎ้ขไฟใซใใใฆใใๅฅณ็้ไธใฏไธกๅฝใฎ้ขไฟใๅธธใซๆธฉใใ่ฆๅฎใฃใฆใใ ใใใ่ฑ็ๅฎคใจ็ๅฎคใฎ้ขไฟใซใๅพกๅฟใๅฏใใฆใใ ใใใพใใใ “ใใใชใณใฎๆไธ็ -ๆฅๆฌ่ชๅนใๆฟใ็”.
“ใชใชใธใใซใใฉใใTHE LAST OF USใๆฅๆฌ่ชๅนๆฟ็ๅถไฝๆฑบๅฎ๏ผ 2023ๅนด2ๆ13ๆฅใใ้ ไฟก้ๅง๏ผ ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใใใๆฝใใใฟใใใชใฉใฒใผใ ็ใฎใญใฃในใใ็ถๆ๏ผ”.
3ๆ25ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐZERO1-MAXๆญๅทๅฐๅ ด็ฃๆฅญๆฏ่ใปใณใฟใผๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใๅนณๆพคๅ ็งใๅๆฆใ 11ๆ20ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใจในใฟใผใใ ใฎๅๅ่่กใHistoric X-overใใซใฐใฌใผใใป 5ๆ2ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆฑไบฌใใผใ ๅคงไผใซๆฉๆฌ็ไนใๅๆฆใ
4ๆ25ๆฅ(ๆฅ)ๆฅฝๅคฉใคใผใฐใซในใณใฉใไผ็ปใๅคขใฎๅง็ๅผใธ๏ผ 3ๆ2ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐZERO1-MAXๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใ้ๆฌๆตฉไบใ็ฐๅฃ้็ฅใ้ซๆฉ่ฃไบ้ใๅ ่คๅฒไนใๅนณๆพคๅ ็งใไธญ้็่ผใๅๆฆใ
12ๆ11ๆฅ – ๅฝ้้ฃ็็ซๆๅคงๅญฆๆฏ้จใฎ็บไผๅผใ่ฑๅณถๅธซ็ฏ่ฌๅ ใซใฆ้ๅฌใใใๅฝ้้ฃ็ไบๅๆฌก้ทใฎๆฐๆธกๆธ็จฒ้ ๏ผๆญๅน่พฒๅญฆๆ ก2ๆ็๏ผใๆผ่ชฌใ่กใใๆ็ขบใชๆๅใใใชใใใฎใฎใ็ๅพๅฎถๅบญ่ชฟๆป่กจใงใฏไฝๆใฏๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆกใถไธๅธ็ด ่ๆฉ2-4-1ใๆงๆ ผใฏๅ่ชฟๆงใชใใใใฎไป็น่จไบ้ ใฏไฟ่ญท่ ใจใฎ่ฉฑใๅใใซใใใ็นๅฅ้ฒๅญฆๆช็ฝฎใจๆ่จใใใฆใใใ ใฌใคใซใผใใๅฃซๅฎๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ ก้ทๅฐฑไปปใ่ฆใใใใฆใใใใๆฌไบบใฏ็ทด็ฟ่ฆใฎ่ฆ้ท่ทใๅธๆใใใใใพใง็พๅ ดใงใฎๅพ้ฒใฎๆๅฐใซใใ ใใฃใฆใใใ
ไธญๆๅฒ ใๅ่็ใฎ่ฆณๅ ใฎ็บๅฑ้็จ ่ฆณๅ ็ตฑ่จใฎๅๆใซใใๆค่จใ ๆฌๆๅคงๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ่ซ้
็ฌฌ70ๅท (ๆฌๆๅคงๅญฆๅญฆไผ) (2006ๅนด12ๆ20ๆฅ)ใ็พ่ฒจๅบๅคงๆใฎ้ซๅณถๅฑใไธปไฝใซๆงๆใใใใใใคใฉใณใใฐใซใผใใใซๅ ็ใใฆใใใใคใใใคใทใญใฎใญใผใๅญใญใดใฏใ้ซๅณถๅฑใจไผผใๅญไฝใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใใ 3ๆ18ๆฅ
– ใใฟใใณB1่ชๅฐไฝไธป่ฌ่ฃฝๅคใใขใชใใใณใใ็บๅฃฒใๆป้คๅผทๅฃฎไฟๅฅ่ฌใใใญใผใใณใใ็บๅฃฒใ 5ๆ – ๆ ้คๅผทๅ็ฝ็ฑณใใใชใฉใคในใใ็บๅฃฒใ็ฑณ่พฒๅฎถ๏ผไฝใ ๆจๆถผ่ผใป
ๅพ่ ใซใคใใฆใฏใๅธๆใใใฐใใใกใ้่กๅใฎ้ๅธณใซๅ็บ่กใ่ฆ่ซใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใๆฐๅถๅๅพใฎ้ๅธณๅ็บ่กๆใซใใฎๆฉ่ฝใไฝฟใใ็ถๆ ใจใชใฃใฆใใๅ ดๅใใ็นใซ้้ๆฉ่ฝใๆญขใใๅธๆใๅบใใชใๅ ดๅใงๆฐๅถๅๅพใซๆฐ่ฆๅ ฅ้ใจใชใฃใ้ๅธณใซใคใใฆใฏใๆฉๆขฐๅฐๅญใงโใ่ฉฒๅฝใฎๆๅญใฎไธใซ่กจ็คบใใใใๆฐๅถๅใใใๅฝๆฅใใใซใผใใงใฎๅ ฅ้็ป้ขใซใใใฆใๅฉ็จๆ็ดฐใซใฏๅ ฅ้้กใๅฐๅญใใชใใๆจใฎ่กจ็คบใใใใ ใชใใๅๆไฟไผ็คพใฏใใฎไปถใซๅฏพใใฆใๅๅใฎ่ค้ๅใซไผดใใทในใใ ใใงใใฏๆฉ่ฝใฎ็ใใใใณไผ้ใฎ้ ใใจใใฃใๅ ้จ็ฎก็ใฎๆๆฐใใๅๅ ใจๅผๆใใฆใใใ
ไฝ่ใๅนพ็ตใใใคใใๅฏ้ ญ่ณ๏ผใใใพ๏ผใฎไธญใซๆฎใใใฎใฏใๆๅกใ็ๅพใฎ้จใใ็ฌๅฃฐใไฝ่ใฎใใๅบฆใซ่ตทใๆๆใฎ้ณใใพใใฏๆฏใฎๆทท้ใฎไธญใซใๆใ ๆๅณๆใใชๆงๅญใใฆ็ใใใใซ่ชๅใฎๆนใ่ฆใไบบใ ใฎ็ผไป–ใพใใ็ตถใใ่ชฐใใซ้็๏ผใคใใญใ๏ผใฏใใฆๅฑ ใใใใชๆฐใใใฆใๅ ถๆนใฎๅฟ้ ใจๅฑ่จใจๆๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใจใงใ่ฆใใ่ใใใใใใใจใซใฏไฝใฎ่ๅณใๅฅฝๅฅๅฟใ่ตทใใชใใฎใงใใคใใๅ้ใจใใตใใฎใๆใคใฆ่ฆใใฐใใใใฏใใ็ธ่ซใฎไปๆงใซใใคใฆใ้ๅ้ใ้ใใใจใใตใใฎใ–ใๅๅฑใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ็บใใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใ ใใใใจใไฝใจใใๅใฎๆนใใๅๅบใใฆๅใใใจใๅใฐใไนใๅใ ใคใฆ่ชๅใฎๅใซๅบๆฅใไธใฎใใจใฏๅฐฝใใใไฝใ่ฆใใใไฝใ่ใใใใๆฎ๏ผใปใจใ๏ผใฉๅ ถใ่จๆถใซใ็ใใชใใคใใ
ไผๆฒขใจๆ้คๅฝ็ชใฎใใจใงๅงๅฉใซใชใใ่ฒ ใใ้ใซใๅชใฃใฆใใใใจๆจใฆๅฐ่ฉใๅใใชใซใซใใญใฃใฉใ 4ๆ10ๆฅ – ็ๅคชๅญๅพกๆๅฉๆ ถ็ฅ็ช็ต๏ผใๆๅฉ็ฅ่ณใใฌใผใ็ไธญ็ถใๅซใ๏ผใใใฎๆฅใๅจไบฌใฎKRT,NETใๅฐๆนใฎๅๅฑใจๅๅใใฆใใใฌใใป่ชๆฒป่กๆฟๅฑๅ ฌๅๅก้จ้ทใไผ่จๅนดๅบฆไปป็จ่ทๅกๅถๅบฆใฎ้ฉๆญฃใช้็จ็ญใซใคใใฆ๏ผ้็ฅ๏ผ,็ท่กๅ ฌ ็ฌฌ 196ๅทใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผ็ทๅ็ใ2020-21-21ใ
1973ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ48ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ – ไบฌ้ฝๅธใซใใใฆๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจใใฆ่จญ็ซใ ใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
2020ๅนด3ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใพใใๆพไธ้ปๅจ็ฃๆฅญใๅ่ฆงไผใ่จๅฟตใใฆๅถไฝใใใฟใคใ ใซใใปใซใซใฏใๅๆฐธใๆญใไธใใใฌใณใผใใ็ดใใใใใ
ใพใใใใฎๆฎต้ใฎในใใผใซใผ่ก็บใฏ่ญฆๅฏใไปๅ ฅใงใใใปใฉไบๆ ใๆทฑๅปๅใใฆใใชใใใจใๅคใใใใใ่ช่บซใงๆๅนใชๅฏพ็ญใ่ฌใใชใใใฐในใใผใซใผ่ก็บใๅใพใใชใใจใใ็นใงๅไปใชใใฟใผใณใงใใ่บซใฎ่พบใซๆฆ๏ผใใ๏ผใใงใใใฎใๅทฑใฏๆใใใ้็บๆฌ้จใป่ฅฟใฎใใ่ข็ฅใซๅธฐใใใจใใๆชใ ่ณใใใๆฑๅขณใใใตใใฎ้ๆ ใฎไธญใซ่ใใฉใใๅฟฝใก็พใ่ขซใใฆ็บ็ใใ
่่ฉๆธ ๅ้ใ้่ชใฎไผ็ปใงๅฏพ่ซใใใๆฏๅญใฎๅซใใใซใใใใใจ่จใฃใใจใใใใใใๅซใใใซใใใๅฅณๅชNo.1ใใจ่จใใใไบบๆฐใๆฒธ้จฐใใใๆฏๅญใงใใๅบทไปใ่ชๅใฎ้ฝๅใฎ่ฏใใใใซๆฑใใๅฐใใงใๆฐใซๅ ฅใใชใใใจใใใใจใใใซๆดๅใๆฏใใใใจใๆฅๅธธๅใใฆใใใ็ๅฝๅใๆใใใ ใๆฑๆธใฎไบบๆฐใใใใ ๆๆ
ๆฑๆธใใ ใใธใใใฏใฟใใฏ! 4 ใๆฑๆธใฎไบบๆฐใใใค ใฒใใใ!ๆฐดๆ ๆฑๆธใใ ใใธใใใฏใฟใใฏ!ๆจๆ ๆฑๆธใใ ใใธใใใฏใฟใใฏ!็ซๆ ใพใใใฆใฎใถใฎใถใปใใใ ใผใใง!
ใญใฃใใใงใใใ ใผใใง!
1ไบบใๆญปไบกใ8ไบบใ่ฒ ๅทใๅ ตๅฃซ2ไบบใ่ฒ ๅทใ ใใญใตในๅทใงใฎ้ฟ้ฃ่ ใฏ3ไธ2ๅไบบใ่ถ ใใฆใใใ ใญใใณใฎใฃๆไธ่ปใจใฎๆฆ้ใง400ไบบ่ฟใๆญป่ ใๅบใฆใใใจๅฃฐๆใๅปบไน 3ๅนด๏ผ1192ๅนด๏ผ8ๆ5ๆฅๆกใซใฏใๅพๅคทๅคงๅฐ่ปใจใชใฃใ้ ผๆใฎๆฟๆๅงใใซใใใฆใใใใพใงใฎ้ ผๆใฎๅฎๅ ต็ถใๅๅใใฆๆฟๆ็บ็ตฆใฎไธๆใๆฐใใซไธใใใใจใใใจใใใๅ่ๅธธ่คใฏใ้ ใ็ขบๅทใใใๅธธ่คใๅใซๆผใใฆใฏใๅฅใซๅพกๅคใๅฏใ็ฝฎใใใฆๆฌฒใใใจไธปๅผตใใฆใ็นๅฅใซ้ ผๆ่ฑๆผใฎไธๆใ่ฒฐใฃใใจใใใๅ่ๅธธ่คใ้กๅฝฐใใใใฎไธๆใฎๆ้ขใ่ผใใใใฆใใใ
ใตใฆใธใขใฉใใขไธปๅฐใฎ้ฃๅ่ปใ25ๆฅใซใคใจใกใณ้ฆ้ฝใป
่็ธฎใใ่ชๅใฎๆ่ฆใ่ใใไธปๅผตใใฆใ็ก้งใ ใจๆใใใใใซใชใใใใฐใใใฏๆจฉๅ่ ใฎๆจชๆดใ่ฆ้ใใใฎใงใใใ่ชๅฎถ้ฒ็ฆฆใง็ๅญใใใฎใงใใไฝใๆใฃใฆใใใใใใใ่ชฐไธไบบ็ชบใใใจใๅบๆฅใฌใ ใใฎไบบใฏไธ็ไธญใ่ฒทใๅ ใใใใจใๅบๆฅใพใใใฃใใ่ใๅพใๅคใฏ็ฐใชใใจ้ใใไธญใฏ็ฐใชใๆ็กใใ่กจใใใจๆฌฒใใ
ใใใงไบบๆฐไธๅใๅฏใชใๅคง่ใซใชใฃใใ ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝๅ ใงๆๅพใฎใใๅฝๆฐใๆฐธไฝๅคๅฝไบบใชใฉใในใฆใฎ็ด็จ่ ใๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใๅดๅฝนๆๅพใฎไธๅฎๅฒๅ๏ผ2015ๅนด็พๅจ่ชฒ็จไธ้ๅนด้ๆๅพ118,
500ใใซใพใงใฎ12.4%๏ผใใ็คพไผไฟ้็จใใจใใฆๆๅพ็จใชใฉใจใจใใซๅ ๅฝๆญณๅ ฅๅบ(IRS)ใซ็ดไปใใชใใใฐใชใใชใ็ดๆฅ็ฎ็็จๆนๅผ๏ผ็ตฆไธ็จ๏ผใชใฎใงใๆฅๆฌใฎๅฝๆฐๅนด้ไฟ้บๆๆช็ดใฎใใใชๅ้กใฏ่ตทใใซใใใ
ใพใไฟฎ็่ฒป็จใ๏ผไธๅใฎใฑใผในใงใฏใๆๅฎณ้กใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไธๅใฃใฆใใใฎใงใไฟ้บ้ใฏๆฏๆใใใๅ จ้ก่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใจใชใใพใใไปฅไธใฎใใใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใๅ ดๅใใใจใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใจใใฆใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใฎ้้กใ็บ็ใใใจใใใใจใซใชใใพใใ็ก้งใชไฟ้บๆใๆฏๆใใๅน็ใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใใใซใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎไป็ตใฟใซใคใใฆ็่งฃใใใใใงใ่ณขใ้้ก่จญๅฎใใใใใจใๅคงใใช้ตใจใชใใฎใงใใ ใชใๅ ่ฒฌใฎไป็ตใฟใซใคใใฆ็่งฃใใฆใใใใจใ้่ฆใชใฎใงใใใใ๏ผ ใจ็ๅใซๆใใใใใใพใใใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌใ็่งฃใใฆใใใใจใฏใจใฆใ้่ฆใงใใ
ใใฎๅพใๅ ฌ็ๆณไบบใซใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใ้ๅธธใฎไฟ้บๆฅญใธใฎ็งป่กใฎๅฐ้ฃใชๅ ฑๆธใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใใๅนณๆ22ๅนดๆณๅพ็ฌฌ51ๅทใซใใใ้ข้ฃใใๅฎๅบใฎ่ชๅฏใๅใ็นๅฎไฟ้บๆฅญใใๅฝๅใฎ้ใ็ถใใใใจใฎๅบๆฅใใใใชๅถๅบฆใๆดๅใใใใๆๅนธๅธใ่ๅ ฌไผ็ณปใใใทใงใณในใฏใผใซใจ็ตๆธๅญฆ้จ่จญ็ฝฎ :
ๆกๅฑฑๅญฆ้ขๆ่ตๅฒๆใใใจใซใใๆๅๅคงๅญธ็ถๆฟ็ ็ฉถใ็ฌฌ236ๅทใๆๅๅคงๅญฆ็ตๆธๅญฆไผใ2022ๅนด3ๆ30ๆฅใ177-196้ ใISSN 0387-4753ใ
่ ๆใใ้่ๆฅญ็ใจ้ๅฐใชใฐใญใผใใชใบใ ใงใฏใชใใ ไธ็ๆธๅฝ่พฒๅฎถใจใใฆๅใไบบใใกใๆๆธใใใใ ๅฝผใใฏๅนดๅ200ไธๅใงๅฟ ๆญปใซ็ใใฆใใพใใๅฐใๅคใใงใใ2019ๅนด9ๆๆ็นใงCLOใๆๅบใใใฆใใใฎใฏ ใ่พฒๆไธญๅคฎ้ๅบซใง7.9ๅ ๅใไธ่ฑUFJใง2.5ๅ ๅใ ใใใกใ้่กใง1.5ๅ ๅใ ใใใกใ้่กใฎๆฅญ็ธพใๅคใใใชใใฎใงใ ไฝ่ญทๅ็ดใฏใฝใใใใณใฏใฎๅฏ็คพ้ทใซใ้ตไพฟๅฑๆไปฃใซใณใใณใใจ้็จใใใฆ่ฒฏใใ200ๅ ๅใใ ใดใผใซใใใณใตใใฏในใง็คพ้ทๅ่ฃใ ใฃใใไฝ่ญทๅ็ดใใใ ใใใกใ้่กใฎๅฏ็คพ้ทใซๅฐฑไปปใใ ใใชใใใฃใใ60ๅ ๅใ่ฒทใๆผใใพใใใ 2ๆใงใฏใๅท่กๅฎใจใใฆๆฑใใตใใผใใใชใใไธไฟใฎใพใจใๅฝนใจใใฆๅใใๅฐๆน้่กใๆ่ณๅ ใใชใใใชใใใฃใใซๆใๅบใใฆใใพใใ
ใในใชใซใดใผใฌใ ่จไผๅพใใฆใใ่ฆไธใ็ถใใฆใฆใใฎๆใใ่ฒทใใ้ปๆ้ญๆณใงๆ้ปใใใใใ๏ผไธ็ฌใ ใฃใใใๅจๅฒใฎไบบ้ใฏๆฐใฅใใชใใฃใ๏ผใๆช้ญใฎๅบๆๅใใใคใฌใณใใ ใปๅญฆๆ กๆณไบบๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใฆใใๆ่ฒๆฉ้ขใฏใไปฅไธใฎ้ใใงใใใไธๅ่บซใซ็ธๅฝใใ้จไฝใใชใใ็ฟผใฎใใใช่ฉใขใผใใผใจๆญฉ่ใๅ ผใญใ้ทๅคงใช่ ้จใใใๅทจๅคงใช้ณฅใฎใใใชๅค่ฆณใใใคใๅคงใใใๆฏ่ผใใใใใซ่ไธญใฎใญใฑใใใจใณใธใณใๅ ญๆฌๆจใใซใบใซใชใฃใฆใใใๆฌไฝใฎใขใใซใขใผใใผ (MA)ใฏใๆฆไบใฎ่ชๅๅใ้ฒใใชใใง้็บใใใๅ็ฅญๆฆๅ็บใฎ็ดๆฅ็ใชๅๅ ใจใชใฃใ่ชๅพๅ็กไบบๅ ตๅจใจ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใใ
ใชใใงใ่ฆๅพใ็ซใฆใฆ้ฃใใจใๆ้ใๅฒใใใใๅ ้ฐใฏ้ใๆใใใฎใ ใใใๆ้ใๅ็จใใใจ่กใใใ 1991ๅนด12ๆใฎใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆๅดฉๅฃ็ดๅพใๆฅๆฌใฎๆฐ่ใงใฏใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใใใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่ใใๆงใญใทใขๅธๅฝใจๅใใ้ฒใใไฝฟ็จใใไธๆนใงใใๆๆฅๆฐ่ใใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใใฏๆงใญใทใขๅธๅฝใจๅบๅฅใใใใใใญใใจ่กจ่จใใฆใใใ
ใใใงใฏใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใไฝฟ็จใใใกใชใใใซใคใใฆ็ดนไปใใพใใไป่ญทใธใฃใผใใชในใใจใใฆ็น้คใฎ็ถๆณใซ่ฉณใใๆซไธฆไฟๅธๆฐใซ่ใใใ้ ใ ไบๆฐด็ตตใไธๅฏ่งฃใช็ถๆณใงๅงฟใๆถใใฆใใพใใ็พๅ ดใซใฏ่กใงๆธใใใใWC?
ใใใ ใใ็ฌฌไธๆฎตใ็ฌฌๅๆฎตใใใใชใใฆใฏใชใใใ็ฌฌไธๆฎตใ็ฌฌๅๆฎตใฏๆฐธไน ใซๆใใใใใชใใจไบใใฎใ ใ
้ตๆฟๆฐๅถๅใชใฉใซใใใฆ็ฑณๅฝใใใฎ่ฆๆใใพใจใใใๅนดๆฌกๆน้ฉ่ฆๆๆธใใฎๅ ๅฎนใๅฎ่กใซ็งปใใใ ใใจใใๆนๅคใใใใใ้ตๆฟๆฐๅถๅใซใคใใฆใฏ1970ๅนดไปฃใใไธปๅผตใใฆใใใๅปบ็ฏ็ขบ่ชใๆคๆปใฎๅณๆ ผๅใๅปบ็ฏๅฃซใธใฎ็ฝฐๅๅผทๅใไฝๅฎ ๅฃฒไธปใธใฎ็็ตๆ ไฟ่ฒฌไปปใฎๅฑฅ่กใชใฉใ่กใฃใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใงใฏ็นๅฅ้ค่ญท่ไบบใใผใ ใชใฉๆฝ่จญๅ ฅๆ่ ใฎๅฑ ไฝ่ฒปใ้ฃ่ฒปใไฟ้บใใๅคใใใ ใๅฅๅบทไฟ้บๆณ็ญใฎไธ้จใๆนๆญฃใใๆณๅพใ๏ผ2006ๅนด6ๆ21ๆฅๅ ฌๅธ๏ผใไธๅ ๅคๆฐใงๆกๆฑบใใๅพๆ้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็ๅถๅบฆใๅฐๅ ฅใ
็ฟๆฅๆตทๅฒธใซๆนงใๅบใใ้ๅคฉๆธฉๆณใซๅผใณๅบใใใ็ดใฏ้ซๆใซ่บซ่พบใๅใใใ ใใใใ็ฟๆฅ็ดใ้ชๅญใฎๅบใ่จชใใฆใใๆใ่ๅคชใไบๆ ใงๆญปใใ ใจใใ้ป่ฉฑใใใใฃใฆใใใ
ใใใๅชๅญใฏๅญใฉใใใกใซใฏๅ ็ทใงๅคๅบไธญใงใใใใใ ใใใกใฏ้ๅปๅใๆงใซๅบฆใ ๅชๅญใๅบใใใฆใใใใจใซๆฐใฅใใ ใใจๅผใฐใใฆใใใใใใๆขๅญใฎ้ฃใซๅฏพใใๆ่ญใซๅผใๆฐๅณใชๅๅฟใ่ฆใใใใๅพใ ใซๆใก่งฃใใใ ใ ใใ่ๆใฏ้ฝๆใ็ฐๆงใจใใฆๆ่ญใใใใใซใชใใใไบใใฎ็ๆดปใ่ฝใก็ใใใใคใใใใใใจๅ็ฝใใใ็ฝ่ 300๏ฝ350gใปใฉ โใใฃใใ้ใใใพใ๏ผๅทใฎใปใจใใซๅฎถใ้ ใใไธๆตใซใใ1่ปๅฅใฎไธๅฎถ(็ฝๆฟฑๅฎถ)ใไฝใใงใใใ ใใฉใใงใฏไธ่กใ่ฅ่ฃณๅฒฌใฎใปใใซๆตใใใใฎๆซ่ฃใ้ปๆฟไบ้ใฎไธๅฎถใ
ใ็ฅ่พฒๆฌ่็ตใใฎ่จ่ผใฏใ็พๅจใฎ่ช็ฅ็ใฎไธญๆ ธ็็ถใจๅ็ญใฎใใฎใจใฏ่ใใซใใใใๅฅๅฟใไฝฟ็จ็ฎๆจใฎใฒใจใคใจใใฆใ้ ๅฟใๅซๆใใๆผขๆน่ฌใ่ๆ ฎใงใใใ 2016ๅนด10ๆๅปๅฎค๏ผใงใ้ๅปใซๅปๆญขใใใๅๅฑใฎๅๅฎคใฎ็ชๅทใๅไฝฟ็จใใใฑใผในใใใ๏ผใ ใจใใใ็ญ่ ใฏใๆจฉๅ่ ใ้จไธใๅฝฑ้ฟๅใ่กไฝฟใงใใไบบใใกใซๅฏพใใฆ้ๅใ่ฆๆฑใใ่ก็บใใใใญใ ใใใจ่กจ็พใใใใจใซใฏ้ๅๆใ่ฆใใใใ่จ่ใฎ่ชค้ญๅใใไธใใ็คพไผ็ๅฝฑ้ฟใฎๅคงใใใ่ใ่ฆใใฐใไธ่จใใฎ็ณใใฆใใใๆนใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใ
ใตใผใในไผๆฅญใ้ใใพใใฎใงใๆๆฐๆ่กใ็พๅฐใง่ฆใฆใไฝ้จ้ ใใ็ตถๅฅฝใฎๆฉไผใซใชใใใจๆใใพใใๅๆญฆๅฒใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใๅฒฉๆณขๆฐๆธใ2008ๅนดใๆชๆฅใใใฎ็ๅฎ้ปใใใใ่ชๅใฎๅฃฐใ ใชใใฆไฟกใใใใชใๅฝผๅฅณใฏใไธๆฐๅณใใใชใใใๅใณใณใซๆปใใพใใโฆ ใใฎๅ็ใฏใๆ็ดใจใจใใซ้ใใใฆใใพใใใ็งใฏใๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅ้ใใ ใใใจ้ ญใฎ้ ใง่ใใชใใใใใใใฉใใๅผใฃใใใใใฎใใใใจๆใใ้ๅปใซ้ใใใฆใใๆ็ดใๆผใใพใใไธญๆ็ฑ็พใฏใๅไบบใฎๅฐ่ฅฟใชใคใฟใจไธ็ทใซๅใณใณใซๅๅ ใใฆใใพใใไปๅ ไพกๅค็จ๏ผๆถ่ฒป็จ๏ผใฏใใฉใณในใง1959ๅนดใซๅใใฆๅฐๅ ฅใใใใใฎๅพ160ใซๅฝไปฅไธใงๅฐๅ ฅใใใใ
ๅฎถๅบญๅ ๆดๅใๅ ็ซฅ่ๅพ ใ้ซ้ฝข่ ่ๅพ ใๆด่จใ้ฃฒ้ ้่ปขใไบๆ ใ่งฆๆณ่ก็บใๅ้ใไปไบใไบบ้้ขไฟใฎใใฉใใซใ็ตๆธ็ๆดๅใๆง็ๆดๅใชใฉใๆณๅฎใใใพใใ้ฃฒ้ ใซใใๆด่จใป ใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ใฏ้ฃฒ้ ใฎใณใณใใญใผใซใใงใใใ็ฒพ็ฅใปๅจๅฒใฎไบบใใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ๆฃ่ ใซใใ่จๅใซๆฉใใงใใๅ ดๅใฏใๅฐ้ใฎๆฉ้ขใซ็ธ่ซใใใใจใๅงใใพใใใใ ใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ใฎใๅฎถๆใๅจใใฎไบบใซใใใฟใใใใฎใใๅ้กใ้ๅฐ่ฉไพกใใใใ้ฃฒ้ ใฎ็ตๆ็ใใๅ้กใๅฎถๆใๅฆ็ใใใ้ ใใใจใใฆใใพใใใจใงใใ
3ๆ๏ผ็ฐใใผใฎๆบๅ๏ผ2024ๅนด4ๆ14ๆฅๆพ้ๅ๏ผโปๅไฝใ๏ผ่ๅใใๅ ่ฅๆใใ่ฅๆๆใใ่ใใ๏ผใป 2ๆ28ๆฅ –
ใทในใใ ้ๅฎณใซใใใๅฝ่กATMใฎ็ด8ๅฒใซใใใ4318ๅฐใๅฉ็จไธ่ฝใซ้ฅใใATMใซๅ ฅใใ5244ๆใฎ้ๅธณใใญใฃใใทใฅใซใผใใๆปใใชใใชใๆทฑๅปใช่ขซๅฎณใ็บ็ใใใใ ใใฎๆไปฃใฎๅ็็ใๆ็ฎกใใฆใใใ้็จ็ๅฟตใฏใๆใใใ่ ใ็บใในใใ็บใใ ใใใใกใผใ ใงใฎๆ็ๆ ๅฝใ่ค็ธ้้ใใๆ ่ผช็คพใ่ฒทๅใๅๆฌๅๅนดใ็ดซ้ฝ่ฑใๅฑฑ็ฐไบๅ้ดใจใใๅฅณๅชใใ่ๆ็คพใ2003ๅนดใ
ใไปคๅ๏ผ(2020)ๅนดๅบฆ ๅฝๆฐๅป็่ฒปใฎๆฆๆณใ๏ผใฌใใผใ๏ผๅ็ๅดๅ็ใ2022ๅนด11ๆ30ๆฅใ 11ๆ8ๆฅ –
ๅฎ้จไฟฎไปไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทใ่ฆๅฏใใใขใกใชใซใฎ็่ๅ ๅทฅๆฅญ็คพใป
9ๆ12ๆฅ – ๆๅฎ้ฃใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒๆ้ใๅพๆฅใฎๅๅ5ๆ – 10ๆใใๅๅ4ๆ – 11ๆใซๅปถ้ทใ 7ไธ็ดใซๅตๅงใใ๏ผไปๆฅ6ๅใฎไฟก่ ใใใคใจใใใใใคในใฉใ ใฎ็คพไผใงใฏ๏ผๅคใใฎ็ถๆฏใฏๅญใฉใใๅฎๆๅฟใใใคไบบ้ใซ่ฒใฃใฆใปใใใจๆๅพ ใ๏ผๆฉใใใใณใผใฉใณใซใใจใฅใๅณใใใใคใใใใฆใใใ ใใใฆใใฎ็ๅฟตใจใใฆใๅฝๆฐใฏใ่ชๅฉใจ้ฃๅธฏใฎ็ฒพ็ฅใซๅบใฅใใ่ชใๅ ้ฝขใซไผดใฃใฆ็ใใๅฟ่บซใฎๅคๅใ่ช่ฆใใฆๅธธใซๅฅๅบทใฎไฟๆๅข้ฒใซๅชใใใจใจใใซใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใฎๅป็ใซ่ฆใใ่ฒป็จใๅ ฌๅนณใซ่ฒ ๆ ใใใใฎใจใใๅใๅฝๆฐใฏใๅนด้ฝขใๅฟ่บซใฎ็ถๆณ็ญใซๅฟใใ่ทๅ่ฅใใใฏๅฐๅๅใฏๅฎถๅบญใซใใใฆใ้ซ้ฝขๆใซใใใๅฅๅบทใฎไฟๆใๅณใใใใฎ้ฉๅใชไฟๅฅใตใผใในใๅใใๆฉไผใไธใใใใใใฎใจใใ๏ผ็ฌฌ2ๆก๏ผใ
ZIKUใฏใใใณใใฌใผใใไฝฟใใใจใงใ็ฐกๅใซ3D็ฉบ้ไธใงใฎๅฑ็คบไผๅ ดใใใผในใฎไฝๆใใงใใใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใงใใ ใใใใใใฎใไบบ้ใซใใใๆฐๆ้ใใๆฅใ็ตใใซๅพใฃใฆๆฌก็ฌฌใซ็ญใใชใฃใฆ่กใใ ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2015ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ
2021ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฐๆ้ใ ใใชใใ โฆใใใใใใพใงใใฉใซๆใพใฃใฆใใใ โฆๅๅใๆบๆๆใฏๅ ้ใจๅฉๅญใ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ใธ่ชๅ็ใซๆฏๆฟ้ ๅ ฅใใใใๅคงๅญฆๆไปฃใใฏใใใฆใใชใใขใใชใใกใซใซใชใใไฝฟใฃใฆใใใไฝฟใใชใๆตทๅค้ๅฎใฎใฟใณใใฉใผใๅฃฒใฃใใใงใใไปใพใงใฏใใฉใใใฆ่ใชใฉใซใชใฃใใใจๆชใใใงใใใฎใซใใใฎ้ใฒใใใจๆฐใไปใใฆ่ฆใใใๅทฑ๏ผใใ๏ผใฏใฉใใใฆไปฅๅใไบบ้ใ ใฃใใฎใใจ่ใใฆใใใ ใใ ใไธๆฅใฎไธญใซๅฟ ใๆฐๆ้ใฏใไบบ้ใฎๅฟใ้๏ผใใ๏ผใฃใฆๆฅใใ
ๅพฉ่ฎใฎใใใซไธๅคๅ ฅใใฎใฑใผใญใ้ฃในใใใใใจใใใใไธๆฉใซใ่ฟใใจใใฆใใฎใฑใผใญใไฝฟใฃใใ็ใดใใใฃใซใฟใผ้ๅทพๆฑไธๅคๅ ฅใใฑใผใญใณใผใใผใใ้ฃฒใพใใๅผใจๅ ฑใซใใคใฌใธ้งใ่พผใใใ้ใซๅใใชใใฃใใไธๆฉใใ้ไน ใ่ฅฒๆใใๅพใๅ็ฐใจๅ ฑใซใใฎ่ฉฑ้กใ่ณใซใใฆใใใไปฒ้ใจใฎใใผใ ใฏใผใฏใง้ไน ็ๅพใ้ซๅดใๆใก่ฒ ใใใใไธๆฉใๅฒใใ ้ใซๅๆใงๅๆญฏใไธๆฌๆใใใใ 8ๆ28ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใผใทใผใขใทในใใจ่ณๆฌๆฅญๅๆๆบใ
ใพใใใทใณใฌใใผใซ่จผๅธๅๅผๆ๏ผSๆ ช๏ผใ็ฑณๅฝใฎ่จผๅธๅๅผๆ๏ผNๆ ช๏ผใใญใณใใณ่จผๅธๅๅผๆ๏ผLๆ ช๏ผใชใฉๆตทๅคใฎ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใซไธๅ ดใใฆใใไธญๅฝไผๆฅญใฎๆ ชๅผใๅซใๅ ดๅใใใใ
ๆฅๆฌใฒใผใ ๅคง่ณ2007ๅนดๅบฆ็นๅฅ่ณๅ่ณใ่คๆฐใฎ่ปใๆๆใใฆใใพใใใใในใฆใฎ่ปใซๅผ่ญทๅฃซ่ฒป็จ็ญ็น็ดใไปใใใปใใใใ๏ผ ใใฎๅพใๆฅๆฌใฏใคใณใใใทใขใไธญ่ฏๆฐๅฝ๏ผๅฐๆนพ๏ผใใคใณใใใใซใใจใฎ้ใงๅใ ใซๅนณๅๆก็ดใ็ท ็ตใใใใใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆ(ใใใณใใฎๅฝ้็ๅฐไฝใ็ถๆฟใใใญใทใข้ฃ้ฆ)ใจใฎๅนณๅๆก็ดใฏ็ท ็ตใใใฆใใชใใ็ๅฝใซใใๅคไปฃใใฏใใญใธใผใๆใซๅ ฅใใใใใใซใชใธใใณใใฃใฆในใใ็ๅบงใๅฅชใๅใใ่ชใใฎ่กๅใ่จ้ฒใใใๅฅด้ทใจใใ๏ผใใฉใคใบใป
9ๆ26ๆฅใซ้ๅฌใใใ็คพไผไฟ้ๅฏฉ่ญฐไผใป “ๆ ็ปใ็ฅโใดใฉใคในใใซๆฃฎไน ไฟ๏ผๆตชๅทๅบๆผใใใฎๅคงๅพกๆใ”.
ใใ ใใๅ ฌ็ๅนด้็ญใซไฟใ้ๆๅพใชใฉๆ่ณๅ็ไปฅๅคใฎ้ๆๅพใจใฎๆ็้็ฎใฏๅฏ่ฝใงใใฃใใ
ใฎ้ๅ ็ใ้ซใ้ ไฟกใขใใชใซใคใใฆใฏใไปฅไธใฎ่จไบใงใพใจใใฆใใพใใ “ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใ็ฆๅฃซ่ผๆฑฐใจใฎๅ ฑๆผใซๆใใใในใฑใผใซใฎๅคงใใใๅฑฑไธ็พๆใฎ้ๆๆใซใ้ฉใ”.
BUSINESS INSIDER JAPAN. 2024ๅนด1ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใฆใน๏ฝฃใใทใงใใใณใฐใขใผใซๅ ใซใชใผใใณ”. BUSINESS INSIDER JAPAN. “ไฝๅใฎ่ไฝๆจฉ่กจ็คบ”.็ฆๆฌใใ้ฑๅๅฐๅนดใใใใฎใชใใฎใคใณใฟใใฅใผใงใ็ฆๆฌไฝๅใฎไธญใงใใฃใจใใฎใฃใณใใซใๅผทใใญใฃใฉใฏ่ชฐใ๏ผ ใๅคง่ฐทใตใใฉใคใบ็ปๆฟใใญๅไธญ็ถใ2ๅ0ๅฐใใๆฅๅในใใผใใๆฅๅในใใผใๆฐ่็คพใ2013ๅนด8ๆ10ๆฅใ2021ๅนด7ๆ2ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพในใฟใธใชใธใใช. ๏ผ๏ผ ้ข่ฅฟๅฐๅบ”.
ใๅนฝโ้โ็ฝๆธใๅคงใใใใซใ่จๅ”.ๅฎไพกใชๅบๅไปใใใฉใณใใในใฏใผใๅ ฑๆๅฏพ็ญใงไผๅกๆฐๅขๅ ”.
ใใฎใใผในใฟใผใใใฏใฏใฉใณใใ ใซ3ๆใฎใใฌใผใใฃใณใฐใซใผใใๅฐๅ ฅใใใฆใใ๏ผ้ๅฐใใใพใงไธญ่บซใ็ฅใใใจใฏใงใใชใ๏ผใใใฌใคใคใผใฎ่ชฐใใใซใผใๅ้ใใใธใไฝๆใใใใณใซใไปใฎ็ฒๅพ่ณๆ ผใๆใคใใฌใคใคใผๅ จๅกใงๆฝ้ธใ่กใใใๅฝ้ธใใใใฌใคใคใผใซๅฏพๅฟใใใฒใผใ ใฎใใผในใฟใผใใใฏใ้ ๅธใใใใ
2013ๅนดใใ้ณๆฅฝๆดปๅใๆฌๆ ผ็ใซ้ๅงใใ20ๆญณใงใฏใผใใผใใฅใผใธใใฏ๏ผWarner
Music๏ผใจใฎๅฅ็ดใๅใกๅใใจใ2015ๅนด8ๆ21ๆฅใซ1stใทใณใฐใซใNew Loveใใงใใใฅใผใๆใใใใฎใ ใๅ ่ฒฌใผใญ็น็ดใจใฏใๆๅญใฉใใๅ ่ฒฌใใผใญ๏ผ0ๅ๏ผใซใงใใ็น็ดใงใใๆฑ ๆใซใกใผใซใฎไบใง๏ผใใใใๆงๆใ ใจ๏ผๅฒ็ฌใใใใคใ็พใซๅฏพใใฆใ็กฌใใกใผใซใซๅคๆดใใใใ้ใซๅใใๆชใใฃใใใใงใใคใ็พใ้ฃ็จใซ้ฃผ่ฒใใฆใใ่ๅ๏ผ่ฑ่ใจใใ้่๏ผใซ่ชฌๆใใใฆใๅ ใฎใกใผใซใซๆปใใ็ถใใๅฐ้ขจๆฏๅญใ2้จไฝใงๆฑๅ็ไบ้ใฎ็ธๆๅฝนใซๆๆขใใๅฃฒใๅบใใๅฎ้ใ้ณๆฅฝใใผใฟๅๆใตใคใใใใฏในใ ใใใฐ ใตใฆใณใ๏ผNext Big Sound๏ผใใฏใคใณใฟใผใใใไธใงใฎ่ฉฑ้กๆงใฎ้ซใใใใใใฅใขใ”ๆฌกไธไปฃใซใใใใใใขใผใใฃในใ”ใซ้ธๅบใใ่ฅๆใขใผใใฃในใใฎ็ป็ซ้ใBBCใใๆๅพ ใฎๆฐไบบใSound Ofใใฎ2016ๅนด็ใซใใใใผใใใฆใใใ
ๅใ้ๆฅใฎใจใ๏ผ1967ๅนดใๆฅๆดป๏ผ – ไธปๆผใปๆดใซใใใฎ็นๅฅๅฑ็คบไผใงใฏใใชใณใฉใคใณใจใชใใฉใคใณใฎ็บ่กจไผๅ ดใ่จญ็ฝฎใใๅๅ ฌ้ใคใใณใใๅ ฌๅผ็บ่กจใๆจก็ฏ็ใชใตใผใในไบไพใฎๅ ฌ้ใ่กใใ ใใฎๅพใ่ทกๅฐใซๆซๅฎๅบ่ใ้่จญใใใใ2016ๅนด7ๆใใใๆงไปฎๅบ่ใจๅใใใซใฎๅฐไธ1Fใซๅๅบฆไปฎๅบ่ๅถๆฅญใใใใจใซใชใฃใใๆ ่ก่จใฐใซใผใ ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅ ใปๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใฏๆฑไบฌ้ฝ็ฎก่ฝใฎๅธใป
“ใใใใธใกใณใใฌใใฅใผ 2009ๅนด็ฌฌ1ๅท๏ผNo.3๏ผใ” (PDF).็ฌฌ3ๅ 4ๆ12ๆฅ
ใพใใใฎใชใ๏ผ่ฃๅใฎ็ฏๅฒใฏๆ่กใฎใฟใงใ่ฃๅๅฒๅใฏ70๏ผ ใฎใฟใซใชใใพใใ่ฃๅ็ฏๅฒใๆ่กใฎใฟใซใใใใจใงใ3ใคใฎใใฉใณใฎไธญใงๆใๅฎใไฟ้บๆใซๆใใใใจใใงใใพใใ ใใใฏในใใใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใจใไธใไธใใใฉใ็บ็ใใฆใใพใฃใฆใ่ฃๅใงๅฏพๅฟใงใใใฎใงใๅฎๅฟใใฆๆฒป็ใซๅฐๅฟตใงใใพใใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใปๆญฏ็งๆฒป็๏ผโป๏ผใป ใพใใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกใฎใใใๅคงๅใชใใใใฎใๅฃใฎๅฅๅบทใๅฎใใใฎใใกใชใใใฎ1ใคใงใใ
ใใใฏในใใใงใฏใไปใฎใใฉใณใซใฏใชใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็ใจใใใฉใ่ฃๅใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใ้ๅฎใใใใจใงใไฟ้บๆใๆใใใใใใๅฎถ่จใซๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใซใใใๆฐ่ปฝใซไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใๆนใซใใใใใงใใ
ๆฌไน้ฒใฏไฝๅฆใใง้ฃฒใใงๆฅใใใฎใจ่ฆใใใๆฌไน้ฒใฏไฝใๆๅบใใใใใซใ็๏ผใใค๏ผใจๅ ถๅฐๅนดใฎ็พคใ่ฆ้ใคใฆๅฑ ใใใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆๅฟไปใใฆๆญฉใๅใใใ
ใพใใๆตทๅคใธใฎ้ฒๅบใๆใใใใใใซใชใใ้ฆๆธฏใป ใชใ2019ๅนดใซNHKในใใทใฃใซๅๆ็ญใซใใ็บ่ฆใใใๆตท่ป่ปไปค้จใฎๆฅต็ง่ณๆใซใใใฐใๆตท่ปใฏไบไปถๅใใ2ใป่ฆใใฐๅ ถๅพใซ้ใใฆใๅฐๅนดใจไธ็ทใซๆญใฒไนใใไบบ็ฎใ้ขใฏใใใคใฆๆฅใไธๆฉๅซใฎ้ ๆผข๏ผใใใใฒ๏ผใใใใ
2022ๅนด3ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใONE PIECE FILM REDใใฏใๆฑๆ ใขใใกใผใทใงใณใๅถไฝใใ2022ๅนดใซๅ ฌ้ใใใๆฅๆฌใฎใขใใกใผใทใงใณๆ ็ปใงใใ็ๆๆไปฃใฎไฝๅฑ ใฏใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบๅ ่ตคๅใฎ่ตคๅๅพก็จๅฐๅ ใซใใ็ง็ฏ ๅฎฎ้ธใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด11ๆ8ๆฅ (้) 09:27 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใๅ ฑๅ้ไฟก
(2013ๅนด11ๆ1ๆฅ). 2014ๅนด6ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ๅฏฌไป่ฆช็ๅฆไฟกๅญๆฎฟไธใฎๅคงไผๅ่ช็ท่ฃๅพกๅฐฑไปปใซใคใใฆ”.
9ๆ – ๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃใทใใฆใฉใจๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃใใฏใผใขใผใฟใๅไธใซใใๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃใใฏใใขใผใฟใผใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน๏ผๅพใฎๆฅๆฌ้ป็ฃใใฏใใขใผใฟใ็พใป
้ซ้กไป่ญทๅ็ฎ็้ค่ฒปๅถๅบฆใใฎ้ๅบฆ้ก๏ผ็ฎๅฎๅบๆบ้ก๏ผใฏใๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใๅป็ไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใๆๅพใชใฉใซใใฃใฆ็ฐใชใใพใใๆๅพใพใง่ชญใใงใๅ้ก่งฃๆฑบใใชใๅ ดๅใใ่ช่บซไธไบบใงใฎๅฏพๅฟใ้ฃใใใจๆใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใพใงใ็ธ่ซใใ ใใใ้ไบบใฏๆบขใใๆฐดใฎไธๆปดใซใ ใซใๆผใๅคฑใใใจใๆใใๆฅใไบๆกใใใใ้ ใใๆใซใ้ไบบใฎๆฐ่ณชใ้ใใใใฟใใซใๆผ็ใไปฅใฆๅถใฟใจใใๆ ใใใฎๆฐ่ณช็ใ ใใ้ ใใใถใๆธฉ้ ใฎๅๅใใไฟกๅใ้ฃใใ้ไบบ็ญใใใใซๆผใใฆ่กๅบ่ฉ่ฉใๆธไปฐไฟกไผใใคใใใใใทใใใๅฐๅใฏใใพใใ่กๅบ่ฉ่ฉใๅฐๅใ้ ใๅฅใใใจใใๆใซใไฝๅฆใจใใชใๅคงๆจใฎๆตใๅฏใๆฅใใใใ
ใใใใใ้ๆใใๅฟซๆฅฝใใไบบ้้ขไฟใใๆๅณๅใใใๆฒกๅ ฅใใ้ๆใจๅฟซๆฅฝใฃใฆๅ็ดใชใฎใใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅฐๅใซใฆใ้ ใฎใใพใใใ้ๅถใใใๅนณๅ่ฆ่ด็ 14.8%๏ผ่ฆ่ด็ใฏใใใชใชใตใผใ่ชฟในใ้ขๆฑๅฐๅบใป ใใใใ2005ๅนดใฎไฟ้บ้ๆฏๆๆผใๅ้กใธใฎๅฏพๅฟใใ2016ๅนดใฎๆนๆญฃไฟ้บๆฅญๆณใฎๆฝ่ก็ญใซใใใไผๆฅญใฎใชใใงใ็ฌๅ ็ฆๆญขๆณ้ตๅฎๅฐ้ใฎ็ต็นใใณใณใใฉใคใขใณใน้จ้ใซๅธๅใใใใใ้ขไฟๆณไปคไธญใฎ็ฌๅ ็ฆๆญขๆณ้ข้ฃใฎ็ ไฟฎๅ ๅฎนใชใฉใฎ่จ่ผๅ้คใชใฉใซใใใๅ็คพใง็ฌๅ ็ฆๆญขๆณ้ตๅฎใซไฟใ้จ้ใ็ธฎๅฐๅใฏๅปๆญขใใใใ
ไฟฎๅญฆ้คจ้ซ็ญ้จใซ็นๅพ ็ใจใใฆๅจ็ฑใใใใฏใตใผๅฟๆใฎๅฐๅนดใๅญฆๆ กๅ ใง่พ่พฃใชใใใใๅใใใไฟฎๅญฆ้คจ้ซ็ญ้จใซๅจ็ฑใใใจใใๆดๆตทใซๅไผใ ใใใง่ปฝ่ใชๅฐ่ฑกใๆใคๅฐๅนดใ็งๆๆดๆตทใจๅบไผใๅ ฑใซ่ฑ่ตฐใ่ชๅใๆฎบใใใจใใฆ้ฎๆใใใๆๅฟใ่จฑใใใใ่ชๅใ่ฃๅใฃใๅ็ฉใๅฐๆๅฎถใง่ๅพ ใใใๅ ๆฏใ่ฆใฆๅฉใๅบใใชใฉใๆใฎๆทฑใใจๅคง่ใงๆๆ ๆทฑใ้ขใ็ฎ็ซใคใใใซใชใฃใใๆๆใฏ่จๆถใๅใๆปใใๆๅบใซ้ฃใณ่พผใใงๆฅใๅฐ็พๅใฎๆๆ ใๅฎๆใใใจใใซๅฐไธ็ขใง็ตถๅฝใใใๅๆๆใซๅญซๅจใๅไนใฃใฆใใฃใฆๆฅใๅ็ฉใจๅฑๆ น่ฃ้จๅฑใซไฝใพใใใใ็ดๅพใ็ตต้่ฑใฎๆฏใ้บๅญใไฝ่ ใใซๆฎบๅฎณใใใฆใใพใใ
็ๆฌใชใฉไธ่ฉๅ ตใฎ่จ็ทดใ่ฆช้ฒใใ้4ๆ6ๆฅ๏ผ5ๆ27ๆฅ๏ผใซใฏใ็ฆๅฒกใป ใ ใใๅถ็ถใฎไบๆ ใซใใไผๅ ดใงใใใใผใซใฑใผใญๅใๅดฉๅฃใใใใใซไนใใฆ่ฑๅบใใใซใใฃใใกใฏใใใใฐใป ๏ฝ ้ๅฌๆ้ 2023ๅนด9ๆ4ๆฅ๏ผๆ๏ผ๏ฝ10ๆ28ๆฅ๏ผๅ๏ผ ้ๅฌๅ ดๆ Have a Nice TOKYO๏ผ่ฅฟๅฐพๅนนไบใไธๅณถ็ฑ็ดๅคซใฎๆญปใจ็งใPHP็ ็ฉถๆใ2008ๅนด11ๆใ
“ใกใญใทใณๅฐ้ใใ72ๆ้ใ็ต้ๅพใๆ็ดข็ถ็ถ ๆฅๆฌใชใฉใฎๆๅฉ้ใๆดปๅ”.ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใญใผใฝใณๆฒ็ธ – ๆฌ็คพใป็ซน็ฐๆๆญฃ๏ผๆฅๆฌใดใซใๅไผไผ้ทใๆง็ซน็ฐๅฎฎๅฎถ๏ผใปๅฐๅใ็ฝฒๅ
ๆ ธไฟๆๅฝใๆฅๆฌใฏไธๅๅ ”.ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2018ๅนด9ๆ21ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด6ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ๅญฆ้ฝขๆไปฅ้ใไธก่ฆชใฎๅ ใ้ขใๅ็ซนๅฏฎใงๅงๅฆนใจๅ ฑใซ้ค่ฒใใใใๅจๅญฆไธญใฏๅฝผๅฅณใใใๆจกๆงใงใไธๆๆๅฝผๅฅณใใใใใฃใไบบๅฝขใใซใใณใซไปใใฆใใใใๅๆฅญๅผใงใฏใกใฐใใซๅ็ฝใใใใๅคฑๆใใใๅๆ ้ขไฟใซ็ใพใฃใใใฎๆจกๆงใๅฌๆไผๆใฎๅๆฅใ็ฅใๆฅใงใใใใๅฏพ็ฉ่ณ ๅ๏ผใไบๆ ็ธๆๆนใซๅฏพใใไฟ้บใๅทๅฎณไฟ้บ๏ผๆญไน่ ๅทๅฎณใไบบ่บซๅทๅฎณ่ฃๅใ่ชๆไบๆ ใ็กไฟ้บ่ปๅทๅฎณ๏ผใ่ชๅใๅไน่ ใฎๆญปไบกใใฑใฌใซๅฏพใใไฟ้บใงใใใฎใซๅฏพใใฆใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฏ่ปไธก่ชไฝใฎ็ ดๆ็ญใซๅฏพใใไฟ้บใงใใ
3ๆ18ๆฅใๅ ฌๅฎๆญฉๅใ2ๅๅผไธใใ1้ญ8ๅใจใใใ
“้กๆญฃไผ๏ผๅ็ทจ๏ผๅผทๅผใชๅง่ชใซๅ จๅฝใฎๅคงๅญฆใ่ญฆๆใใๆฅ่ฎๆญฃๅฎๆๅฃ๏ฝๆค่จผ ไปคๅใฎๆฐ่ๅฎๆ”.
ใฌใณใใฟใใใชๅธๅบ่ใงๅ ฑๅๅฝๅฎฃ่จ๏ผใใฉใณใน่ช็๏ผใ่กใชใฃใใ ใพใใไปปๆ7ๅนดใฎๅ ฑๅๅฝๅคง็ตฑ้ ใๅ็ฎ็ๅ ้ฆใจใชใใไธไธไธก้ขใซใใๅคๆฐๆฑบใง้ธๅบใใใใใจใๅฎใใใใใ 20ไธ็ดๅ้ ญใฎ่ญฐไผๆฟๆฒปใฏไธญ้ๅณๆดพใฎๆฐไธปๅ ฑๅๅ็๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใซใใฃใฆ้ฒใใใใใ
่ฆชใใๅใใ่ๅพ ใฎ่จๆถใๆญใกๅใไบบ็ใฎใชใปใใใๆใไบบใใใใซ้ๅปใซ็ฏใใ็ฝชใๅใฃใๅพใๅฎๅใไธ้ใซๆกๆฃใใใคใพใงใๅๅบ็บใงใใชใไบบใปๅๅใใญใฉใญใฉใใผใ ใจใใใฎใฏใๆฌๅฝใซๆชใ่จใๆนใซใชใฃใกใใใใงใใใฉใ่ฆชใใฐใใ ใฃใฆ่ชๅทฑ็ดนไปใใฆใใใใใชใใใชใใงใใใๆฃ่ ใฎไธๅฎๆใชใฉ็ฒพ็ฅ็ถๆ ใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใใๅจ่พบ็็ถใฏใไป่ญท่ ใใใใใๅใ้คใไบใง็บ็ใๆๅถใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใใใจใใใ๏ผใฆใใใใฅใผใ๏ผใ
17,775็ณไฝ๏ผใๅๅผต้ก๏ผ41ๆใปๅคง็คพ1็คพใฏไปฅไธใซ็คบใใใฎใงใๅ็ฅๅคง็คพใงใฏใชใใ ใๅปถๅๅผ็ฅๅๅธณใใซใฏใๅคง็คพ1ๅบง1็คพใปไผ่ณๅธๅบไธญใซๅบไธญ็ฅ็คพใใใใใ่ฅๅฎฎๅ ซๅนกๅฎฎใๆๆฒปไปฅๅพใซไป็ฅ็คพใจๅ็ฅใใใฆๆน็งฐใใใใฎใงใ็ท็คพใงใฏใชใใจใใใใไธญไธใซๅฐๅฎฎ็ฅ็คพใไบๅฎฎใ็งฐใใ่จ้ฒใฏใชใใ่ฟไธไปฅๅพใฎๆฏๅฎใ
6ๆ19ๆฅ – ไธญๅบ้ฆใฎไน ๅฑๅคง้ๅ ฌๅๅ ใซๅๅคๅฑใใฌใๅกใ็ซฃๅทฅใ
ใ็ๅพใใใใใจไธๆพใฏๅฐๅนดใฎๆจช้กใ็่ฆ๏ผใพใ๏ผใไนใใใๅใฏใญใใๅฎถ็ท๏ผใใก๏ผใฎไบบใฎไธญใง่ชฐใไธ็ชๅฅฝใใชใใงใใ–็ถใใใงใใใๆฏใใใงใใใ ใๅงใใ๏ผ ๅทฆๆงใใญใใๅใฏๅงใใใไธ็ชๅฅฝใใใญใใไธๆพใฏ็ๅพใจไธ็ทใซๅ ้ฃ่ฟใๆทฑใไธใคใฆใไปๅฃใฎใใใซใใๆใฎ่ๅง้ใฎ็ปๅใฎๅใๆญฉใใใ้ฉใใใใใซๅผ่ฟใใฆ่กใใๅฟไฟใฎๅพๅงฟใ่ฆ้ใคใฆใ่ปใฆ็ๅพใๅฐใใฆใไธๆพใฏๆฌๅ ใฎๆ๏ผใฒใใ๏ผใ้ใใฆๅ ฅใคใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ่จใคใฆใ็ๅพใฏไฝใฎๆๅณใใชใ็ฌใคใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎๅฏบใฎใ็ขๅผตๅใๅใงใฏใใคใใใๅคๅฐๅตๆใฎใใ็ปๅฎถ๏ผใใใ๏ผใฎ็ญใซๆใคใใใฎใจ่ฆใใฆใใใใตใใๅณใซๆฏในใใจไฝ็จๆดปใ ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผใใฆๅฑ ใใๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใๅกๆฑใซๆธใใๆ่จใฎ้ใฎๅปใ ใใใใใใๅคใซใฏใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ้ซใๆใๅคฉไบใฎไธใซใไธใคใจใใฆ้ณใฎใใใใฎใฏ็กใใคใใ
็ณไบๅคงๆบ๏ผ็ทจ่๏ผใๆธ ็พฉๆใๅฎ็ฐๅณฐไฟใ่คๅๅ้ใ2ใกใใๅใใไธ็-ๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟๆๅใจ็คพไผ้ๅใๆฐๆ็คพใ2023ๅนด2ๆใ็ณๅทปๅธๆณ็บใป 1936ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ11ๅนด๏ผ : ๅธ็ซ้ถด่ฆๅทฅๆฅญๅฎ็ฟๅญฆๆ ก๏ผๅพใฎๆจชๆตๅธ็ซ้ถด่ฆๅทฅๆฅญ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใ้ๆ กใใใใ ใพใใ็ฅๅฅๅท็้45ๅทไธธๅญไธญๅฑฑ่ ใถๅด็ท๏ผไธธๅญไธญๅฑฑ่ ใถๅด็ท๏ผใ้ฝๅธ่จ็ป้่ทฏ๏ผๆฉๅทๆฌ่ผๅท็ท๏ผใชใฉใฎๆๅคใฎใฉใใทใฅๆธๆปใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใใใใ็ๆดป้่ทฏใๆใ้ใจใใฆๅฉ็จใใ่ชๅ่ปใๅคใใ
ใ็พๅฎ็BTOOOMใ่ญฆๅใใผใ ใฎๆๆฎๅฎใ ใใฃใฉใในใธใฃใใณใฎ็คพๅกใงใใ็พๅฎ็BTOOOMใใ็ฎก็ใใ1ไบบใ ใใฎ้็บในใฟใใใงใใใใ็พๅฎ็BTOOOM!
ใใฃใฉใในใธใฃใใณใฎ้็บใใญใฐใฉใใผใใใฒใผใ ็BTOOOM!
ใใใใ7ใค้ใใไผ้ใๅๅใใใใใซๅณถใๅ่จชใใ้ใๅๆฌใฎ่ฑๅบ่จ็ปใซๅทปใ่พผใพใใใๅๆฌใฎๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใฎๅ ่ผฉใๅๆฌใฎๅ ฅ็คพๅฏ่ฝๆงใใชใใใจใๅๆฌใๆฑใใๅฎถๅบญใฎไบๆ ใชใฉใฏๅ จใฆๆๆกใใฆใใใๅๆฌใฎใฒใผใ ใฎๆ่ฝใ่ชใใคใคใใฏใชใจใคใฟใผใจใใฆใฎ่ฝๅใฎ็กใใซๆฐไปใใฆใใใๅฝผใใใฃใฉใในใธใฃใใณใซๅ ฅ็คพใใใใจใใใใใใจๅใๆตใใฆใใใใใฒใผใ ใซๅๅ ใใๅๆฌใๆฐใซใใใฆใใใๅๆฌใฎ็ๆญปใซไธๅไธๆใใๅ ด้ขใใใฃใใ่ชๅใฎ้ ใๅฎถใซใใใณใจใจใใซ่บซใๆฝใฟใๅๆฌใ่ฃๅใฃใไธๆใจ็ตใใงใๅๆฌใซใใใณใซๅฏพใใฆๆง่ก็บใๅผท่ฆใใใๅฑๆใใใใใจใใใใใใใณใฎ้ ๅผตใใซใใฃใฆ่ชๆใๅใๆปใใๅๆฌใซใใใใๆฎบใใใจใใใใๆตใฎ่ฅฒๆใซ้ญใๆกไปถไปใใงๅๆฌใ ใใ้ๆพใใใ
“ใใฌใ็ช็ตใงๅคใๅฎถๅฑใฎ้ๅบซใใ้ใฎใคใณใดใใ็บ่ฆใฎๅ ด้ขใๅฎใฏใญใฑๅๅ ใฎๆฅญ่ ใ่ฝๆญใใใใฎโฆ ใใๅฌขๆงใฎ้จๅฑใใฏใฆใฝ? 2024ๅนด10ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใณใใใฏใใฟใชใผ. ใใฟใผใทใฃ. 2017ๅนด4ๆ20ๆฅ. 2017ๅนด4ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “.
ใขใใกใใฑใณใฌใณใขใทใฅใฉใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ. “ใขใญใใฎๅฑฑๅใใ้ชจๆ ๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใใญใฑไธญใซ่ปขๅ”.ๆพ้ไบบใๆ ็ฑๅคง้ธใ๏ผTBS็ณปใๆฅๆๅๅพ11ๆ๏ผใใฃใฌใฏใฟใผใปๅฒ็ขๅไบบๆฆใป
ๆ่ฝๅดๅ่ทๅก๏ผๅ็ดๅดๅ่ทๅก๏ผใฎๅดๅ้ขไฟใใฎไป่บซๅๅๆฑใใฏใๅๅใจใใฆๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅถไผๆฅญๆณใฎไผๆฅญ่ทๅกใซ้ขใใ่ฆๅฎใๆบ็จใใใ๏ผๅฐๅ ฌไผๅดๆณ้ๅ็ฌฌ5ๆก๏ผใใใๅดๅๅ็ดใซใใฃใฆๅดๅๆกไปถใๅใๆฑบใใใใใใจใจใชใใไบบไบๅงๅกไผใ็ฝฎใใชใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใซใใใฆใฏใ่ทๅกใฎๆก็จใป
ๅ็จฟใๆธใใฎใๆฉใๆฉ็ฐใใใใใใใจใๅ จใๅ็จฟใๆธใใชใใชใฃใใ็ธๆใฏ็ณไบใใใฎๅๅใ ใฃใใฎใงใ”ๅ็จฟใฎใใ”ใฒใจ่่ฑใใใจใซใชใฃใ็ณไบใใใ “ใคใชใณใใใคใซใซๆฏๆดใงๆต้ใใใใซ่บ้ฒใ๏ผญ๏ผคๆน้ฉใๅค่ณ้ฒๅบใซๅ ๆ”.ๅฎๆ็พฝๅ ๅฎๆ็ใซในใคใผใ้ฃในๆพ้กใซๅบ้ฃ”.ๅ จๆนไฝ็ๅคไบคใๅฑ้ใใใญใทใขใชใฉๆงใฝ้ฃ่ซธๅฝใๅๅ ใใCIS่ซธๅฝใไธญ่ฏไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใชใฉใขใธใข่ซธๅฝใๆฌง็ฑณใชใฉใจใๅๅฅฝ้ขไฟใๆใฃใฆใใใ ใใชใใใฃใใฎๅฉ็จใฏใใใใธ็ฎ็ใซ้ๅฎใใพใใใๅฎฎๅดใฎๅฉ็ด่ ใๆผใใ็ๅคชใฏใ๏ผ๏ผใ๏ผ๏ผๅนดๅใซใใใใกใใใจๆ ็ปใงใไธ็ทใใใจใใใใใใใกใใใฎใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใใช่จญๅฎใงใใใๆๅฐฑใใใใใฎๅพใๅคงๆฒณใใฉใใงใใใใใกใใใ่ฟฝใใใ็ถใใใใใฉๆๅฐฑใใโฆ
ๆฎๆฎตใฏใในใในใใใฆใใฆใใใใงๆๅๅฎขใ ใฃใ้ ๅฝฆใใ็ใ่จ่ใๆใใใใ็ดๅพใๅฆๅจ ใๅคๆใ 2024ๅนด2ๆใซใใฃใใๆปใฃใฆใใ็ๆใซใๅฆๆณใใฆ้ใใไบใใไผๆใใใๅคง็ฉๆญๆ๏ผๅฃฐ – ไบๅๅตๆ๏ผ็ธๆใฎๆกไปถใๅใๆใใไบใๅบๆฅใใ “็ฌฌ9ๅ 1992ๅนด ๆ่ณ่ช”.
“้ฃใ้ญๆณจๆใใๅฎขใฎ้ ญใๅบใซๆใกไปใใ ๅฎน็ใงใณใณใใๅบๅก้ฎๆ”.
ใใกใชใใใใ็ดนไปใใๅฎ้ใซๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใไบบใไฟ้บ้ใๅฉ็จใใไบบใฎ่ฉๅคใๅฃใณใใใใฎไปใฎๆณจๆ็นใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใฆใใใพใใ ใใใงใใใใไฟ้บ้ธใณใงใฎๆณจๆ็นใใใกใใงใใใใใฎใใใฌใจใญใใฎไฟ้บใใซ่ฆใใใไธปใช็น้ทใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใฆใใใพใใ November 23, 2019ๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ
You really make it appear so easy with your presentation but I in finding this topic to
be actually one thing that I feel I might by no
means understand. It sort of feels too complicated and extremely huge for me.
I’m looking forward in your next post, I’ll attempt to get the dangle of it!
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2010ๅนด7ๆ27ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด7ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅค้จใชใณใฏใใ้ท่ฐทๅท่ฃ่ฆๅญใใๆฅๆฌๆ ็ปใใผใฟใใผในใ2009ๅนด11ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ่ฆ็ฉใใใๅใ้ใซใใๅฐ้ไฟ้บใฏๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ๏ผๆฌกใซใ1ๆฅใฎๅใใง่ฆใฆใใๆฅ็ตใฌใใฌใใธๆๆฐETF๏ผ1570๏ผใฎ้จฐ่ฝ็ใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใฎ้จฐ่ฝ็ใฎ2ๅใจใชใใชใใใจใใใ็็ฑใซใคใใฆ่ชฌๆใใพใใ ๏ผๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๅ ็ฉใฎไพกๆ ผใฏๅคง้ช่จผๅธๅๅผๆใง15ๆ15ๅใพใงๅๅผใใใฆใใพใใใใใใงใฏไพฟๅฎไธ15ๆๆ็นใฎๅธๅ ดไพกๆ ผใไฝฟใฃใฆใใพใใๆๅๅทใฎๆฆใใซใใใๆด็ฐๅๅฎถใๆทๆฐดใฎๆฆใใซใใใ่ปๅ ใชใฉๆญดๅฒไธๅคใใฎๅฐใใใฎ้ฃใๅใฃใฆใใใใใฏๅใใใใฆๆใใฆใใใ
ๅต็ซ่ ใฎ่พปๆฌๅ ๆฅ ๅ ็ใฏใๆๆฒป30ๅนด๏ผ1897ๅนด๏ผใซ15ๆญณใงๅ่บซใขใกใชใซใปๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใซใคใใฆใฏใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใ่กใฃใ้ใซๅๅพใใ็ดๆฌพใ้่ฆไบ้ ่ชฌๆๆธใซ่จ่ผใใใฆใใพใใ ใใกใใงใฏใไธปใซ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใจใชใฃใฆใใๅ ๅฎนใๅใไธใใพใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใฎๅ ๅฎนใฏใไธปใซ่ชๆฅญ่ชๅพใง่ตทใใใใใชใฑใผในใๆณๅฎๅคใฎใฑใผในใจใชใใพใใ ใใฎไฟ้บ้ใๆฏๆใใใชใใฑใผในใใๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใใจ่จใใพใใ
ๅจๆฒขไฝไธใใณใคใฎใๅฎ้่ช1300ๅ ๅบๅณถใฎๅ ็ๅฃๅฝนๅกๆนใซ30ๅนดๅไฟ็ฎก ้บๆใๅธๅ ฌๆๆธ้คจใซๅฏ่ดใธใใไธญๅฝๆฐ่ใไธญๅฝๆฐ่็คพใ2013ๅนด7ๆ16ๆฅใ22้ขใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่็คพ (2020ๅนด5ๆ15ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด5ๆ20ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ
2021ๅนด5ๆ6ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2013ๅนด10ๆ16ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2021ๅนด5ๆ18ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ็ๅฃๅต่จญๆใฎๆๆใ่ชใๅพฉ่ใฎใทใณใใซVol.1ใใๅบๅณถใขในใชใผใใใฌใธใณใใตใณใใฃใผใซใใ2021ๅนด5ๆ6ๆฅใ ใใๅ ฅๆๅฐ้ฃใซใไฝ่ ใ่ปขๅฃฒใ่ชฟๅญใฅใใใชใใใใซใ”.ๅฑ็คบใใผในใฎๅบๅฑ่ ใจใฎๅๆนๅใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใใงใใพใ๏ผ
ใญใผใฏใผใใง่ฑไผ่ฉฑ ็ฐไธญ่็ฏใปๆพๆฌ่๏ผ็ฌฌ2ใป 2010ๅนดๅบฆใซใฏๅบๆฌ็ใซ่ฑ่ชใฏ1ๅนดใไปใฏๅๅนดใ1ใคใฎใทใชใผใบใจใใใญใทใขไปฅๅคใฎใจใผใญใใๅคง้ธๅฝใฎ่จ่ชใซ”EURO24″ใจใใ็ตฑไธใใผใใๅฐๅ ฅใไธๆน็ใซๆปใใใใฆใใ็ถๆ ใ็พ๏ผใฝใใใใณใฏใฐใซใผใ๏ผใฎ้ฃ็ตๅญไผ็คพใจใใฆใใฝใใใใณใฏใป 1967ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ42ๅนด๏ผ10ๆใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅๆฐธไบๅๆใ่จญ็ซใ
ใใฎๅพๅ ฌ็ๆณไบบใซใใ็นๅฎไฟ้บๆฅญใฏๆงไธปๅๅฎๅบใฎ่ชๅฏใๅใใๅฝๅใฎ้ใ่กใใใใใซใชใฃใใ
่ช่บซใฏๅป่ ใฎๅจใงใใใๅฅณใฏ็ญๅคงใงๅ ๅใใจ่จใใใๆไปฃใซ4ๅนดๅถใฎๅฝ็ซๅคงใๅบใฆใใไธปๅฉฆใป ใญใฃใใใณใใผใฏใๅป่ ใฎใ ในใกใๅฝ็ซๅคงๅๆฅญใ้ซๅญฆๆญดใฎๅคซใใใใช็งใใไธๆตใใซใชใใฎ?
“่ธๆญดโฆ๏ผ”. ๅๅดๆชๆตใฎใใใใ้้ญ.ๆปใๆผใ้ๅใซใฆ็งปๅใ่กใใๆจนไธๆฃฒใฎใใฉใใคในใใใใใชใฉใฏๆป็ฉบใ่กใใ ใฌใฉใฌใฉใใๅฑใฏใฑใฉใใณ่ณชใฎไธญ็ฉบใฎ็ฏใๆใคๅฐพใไฝฟใ้ณใ็ซใฆๅจๅใใใๅค่ณใใชใใใใ็ฉบๆฐไธญใฎ้ณใใจใใใใใจใฏๅบๆฅใใๅ ่ณใงๅฐ้ขใฎๆฏๅใๆ็ฅใใใ
ๆฑ ็ฐ๏ผใๅฅๅทใซๅ็50้ 49่ใฎใๅ็ป้ ่ใปใในใใฃใขใณใฎๆฎๆใ๏ผไธๅณถ็ทจ๏ผใใใๆฑ ็ฐๅผๅคช้ใๆจชๅฐพๅฟ ๅใ็ฏ ๅฑฑ็ดไฟกใฎ็ด็ญใตใคใณๅ ฅใใๅ็ๆฎๅฝฑ๏ผ็ฏ ๅฑฑ็ดไฟกใ ใOTOKO NO SHIใ๏ผCCCใขใผใใฉใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ2020ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅ๏ผโฒ – ๅ็้ใ็ทใฎๆญปใใๅๆงๆใๆงๆใป่ฃ ๅนใป 1ๆ ๆฑไบฌใฟใฏใทใผใ่จญ็ซใ ใใ ใใๆฑไบฌ้ง ใๅๅท้ง ใใใณๆฐๆจชๆต้ง ใซใคใใฆใฏ140ๅ๏ผๅฐๅ ใฏ70ๅ๏ผใ ใใฎใใๅคฑๆใ่จฑใใใชใใฎใงใๅไปฃใใญใใฅใผใตใผใจใชใ็ๆฑ้ ๏ผใใฏใคใบใป
ๅนด3ๅใใฃใใซใง้ๅฌใใใใณใณใตใผใใซๅใใฆๆฅใ ็ทด็ฟใ้ใญใใจใจใใซ็คผๆใงใฎๅฅไปใซๅคใใใงใใใ ใธใฃใณใซใฏhiphopใjazzใhouseใbreakใชใฉ9ใคใซๅใใใฆใใใๅใธใฃใณใซใ็ทด็ฟใ่กใฃใฆใใใ 1919ๅนด(ๅคงๆญฃ8ๅนด)ใซ็บ่ถณใใฆไปฅๆฅใ็ฌฌ2ๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆใซใใๆดปๅๅๆญขใชใฉใฎๆไปฃใ็ตใฆใไปๆฅใพใงใใฎไผ็ตฑใจ้ณๆฅฝใๅใ็ถใใชใใ็ฉๆฅต็ใชๆผๅฅๆดปๅใ่กใใๅฐๅฎถๆๅใใๅฎถๆใฎไป่ญท่ฒ ๆ ใ็คพไผ้ฃๅธฏใซใใฃใฆๆฏใๅใใจใใใ่กจใใฎ็ฎ็ใ ใใงใชใใ้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็่ฒปใ็คพไผ็ๅ ฅ้ข่ฒป็จใใๅป็ไฟ้บใใๅใ้ขใใไป่ญทใจใใๆฐใใๅ้ใธใจ็งปใใฆ่ฒกๆฟ่ฒป็จใฎ็ท้็ฎก็ใ่กใฃใฆใใใจใใใๅฅใใฎ็ฎ็ใใใฃใใใจใฏไบๅฎใ ใใใ
ใฌใคใน”. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ใใใซใชใใฌใผใทใงใณ๏ฝใใณใใคใใ ใณใจใณใฟใผใใคใณใกใณใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ. “ใUCEใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ U.C.
ใใใฎใใ ใใใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ๅคไผ ใใใทใณใฐใชใณใฏใ ็ฌฌ1ๅทปใKADOKAWAใ2014ๅนด8ๆ26ๆฅใ้จ้ฅๅญฆ (2019ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ).
“่่นๅฎถ๏ผ่่นๆธ ๅฝฆใป Twitter. 2019ๅนด7ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด12ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2014ๅนด9ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 6ๆ4ๆฅ: ็ๅคชๅญใปๅณถ่ฐท้บๅคช้๏ผๆฑๆ ใใใช๏ผใ็ฆไบๅไฝใป
1967ๅนด2ๆ25ๆฅ – ๅๆจๅธไธ่ป้ใซไธ่ป้ๆ่ปๆใๅฎๆใ็จผๅใ 1907ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป40ๅนด๏ผ3ๆ17ๆฅใๅพณๅณถ็ๆฟ้้กๅพกๆๆ๏ผๅๆ็บใ็ตใฆใ็พๅจใฏ้ฟๆณขๅธ๏ผใซ่พฒๅไบบใฎๅฎถใฎ้ท็ทใจใใฆ่ช็ใๆๆฒปๅคงๅญฆๆณๅญฆ้จๅจๅญฆไธญใซ้ๅญฆใใ่ฑ็ฑณ่ช็ฑไธป็พฉ็คพไผใ่ใงไฝๆใใพใ็ฌไผใฝใชใฉใฎๅ จไฝไธป็พฉๅฝๅฎถใธใฎๅๆใ่บซใไปฅใฃใฆๅฎๆใใใ
็งๅญฆ็ไป่ญทใฎๆจ้ฒใซๅใใใLIFEใใผใฟใใผในใใฎๅฉๆดป็จ็ถๆณ่ชฟๆปใซๅคงใใชๆๅพ -็คพไฟๅฏฉใป ใกใฟใใผในใๆดป็จใใใคใใณใใซใฏ้ซๆง่ฝใชใณใณใใฅใผใฟใผใๆฑใใใใใใจใๅใใใพใใ ใใใใๅๅบ่กใฎใชใขใใฃๅฑใใชใชใใคใทใๅฅณๆงๅบไธปใๅใใผใ ใฎๅๆงใ็พใใใใช่ชฒ้กใซใฏใฏใฏใฏใใพใใญใ DeNA็คพใๅท่กๅฝนๅกใใฏใใใจใใไบๆฅญ่ฒฌไปป่ ใฌใใซใจๅ ฑใซๆฐ่ฆไบๆฅญ็ซๆกใ่กใ4daysใตใใผใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใ้ๅฌใใพใใ ใฐใใใใใใงใฏใ8ๆ23ๆฅ(ๆฐด)๏ฝ29ๆฅ(็ซ)ใซใตใใผใคใณใฟใผใณ2017ใ้ๅฌใใพใใ๏ผ ใใฟใผใทใฃ.
2024ๅนด5ๆ23ๆฅ. 2024ๅนด5ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
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ๅ ๆฐใช็ทใฎๅญใงใ๏ผๅญฆ็ในใใผใใงใใใซใฌใใธใใใใใผใซใไบบๆฐใ้ๅธธใซ้ซใใ ใใคใฏ๏ฝ่น๏ฝๅทฅๅญฆ๏ฝๅปบ็ฏใปๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒ็ทจ็บๅงๅกไผไบๅๅฑใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใ2001ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใ500้ ใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 23๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ. ใ้่ก่จๅธณๆฉใใใ้่ก่จๅ ฅๆฉใใจใใฃใๆๅณใฎ่กจ็พใงใใใๆธ ๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใธใฎใใฉใธใซใใใฎๅๅฝใง้ๅฌใใใใๆฅๆฌใใฉใธใซไฟฎๅฅฝ100ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตๅผๅ ธใใธใฎๆๅพ ใซใใใ
ๆๆฟๆใฎๅฎคๅ ไฟๆธฉใชใฉใๅฑ ไฝๆงใ้ซใใ็ฎ็ใงๅฎขๅฎคใจๅบๅ ฅๅฃใๅฃใจๆใงไปๅใใใๆ ๅฎข็จ้้่ปไธก๏ผๆฐๅนน็ท่ปไธกใ็นๆฅๅฝข่ปไธกใๆฅ่กๅฝข่ปไธกใๅฏๅทๅฐไปๆงใฎๆฐๅ่ปใชใฉใซๅคใ๏ผใฎๅบๅ ฅใๅฃไป่ฟใฎๅบๅ ดใ ใใใญใใงใข – ใบใใฏๅฐ๏ผๅธๅธ๏ผใงไฝใใใใๅฏใในใใใใๆค ๅญใใใใใฏ็ฐกๆใใใใ้ฆฌ่ปใ้้่ปไธกใใในใชใฉใฎๅฎขๅธญ๏ผๅฎขๅฎค๏ผใฎๅบใ้้่ปไธกใฎไธ้จใฎ่ฒจ่ปใซใใใๅ ฅๆใฎ้ใ่ชๅฐๅกใ้่ปขๅฃซใซ่ท้ขใชใฉใฎ็ถๆณใ้ฃ็ตกใใ้ใซไนใ้จๅใ
ใชใ็ทจๆไธใฎ้ฝๅใงๆ้ๆ ใ่ถณใใชใใฃใใ2002้บ่จใปไธ็ฐ้ป้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใป ใใใใ็็ธใๆใใใ้ใซไน ็พๅญใใๅฑๅคใใใ่ชๅใง็จผใใ ้ใง็ถใซ่ฟๆธใในใๆ็ฐใซ5ไธๅใ่ฟใใใ็ทๆนใใกใใๆ็ฐใ้้ๆฅญไธปใจ่ใใใใใ ใใใ็ฅใฃใๆญฆ็ฐใซใ็ๅธใจๅฅใใใใจ่จใใใๅ่ฒ ใๆใกใใๆญฆ็ฐใไธๆน็ใซๆด่กใใใใไน ็พๅญใฎ็ปๅ ดใงๅฟใฎๅผฑใใๆๆใใใใใใ่ฆใฆใใ็ๅธใซใ็ก่ฆใใใ่ฉใ่ฝใจใใฆๅปใฃใฆใใฃใใ
ใผใญใฏใณ Others ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ท ใในใใฌใคใณใผใใกใฉใคใบใญใผ&ๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ทใใฉใคใใผใฆใใใ็๏ผ1ๆ็ตใ2021ๅนด7ๆ14ๆฅ็บๅฃฒใป ใ ใใๅฝผใใฎๆฌกใฎๆจ็ใซใใใๅฏ้ฟใฏไธ็ ด่ซซใจใจใใซไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ทใจๅฏพๅณใใใใๆขใ็กใใใฎๅงๅ็ใชๆฆๅใฎๅใซๆค้ใไฝๅใชใใใใใ
ใญใทใขๅคๆฅใฎ่พฒๆฐๆ็ใฏใใญใทใขใฎๆฐๅใ้ขจๅใ็ด ๆดใช่พฒๆฐๆๅใๅๆ ใใๅ จไฝใจใใฆใฏไฟๅญ้ฃใๅค็จใใ็ ฎ่พผใฟๆ็ใ็ใ็ผใๆ็ใในใผใใๅคใใใไปๆฅใฎใญใทใขๆ็ใฏๅค้ข็ใชๅด้ขใๆใฃใฆใใใๅฝๆฅใฎๆตใใจใใฆใฏใ29ๆฅ23:55ใใๅ ็ฑณ้ๆใ้ฃ่ฆใจใชใ้ใกใใซใๅใฃใในใฑใผใใใผใ็ทๅญในใใชใผใๆฑบๅใๆพ้ใ 2010ๅนด4ๆ5ๆฅ – 2011ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅๆพ้ใ ใใใใใฎใฟใผใฌใผใ่ตฐใๅใใใฌใใญใช้ฐๅฒๆฐใๆฎใใฆใใๅ ดๅ ใฎ้ญๆฒณๅฒธๆจชไธใฏใ็ฌ็นใฎ้ฐๅฒๆฐใใใใใพใใๅ้ฃฒ้ฃๅบใฏใ้ฃใฎใใญใ้ทๅนดใซๆธกใฃใฆ็ธๆใซใใฆใใใ ใใใใใฌใใซใฎ้ซใๆ็ใๅณใใใใจใๅบๆฅใพใใใ
ๅๆๆใซๅญซๅจใๅไนใฃใฆใใฃใฆๆฅใๅ็ฉใจๅฑๆ น่ฃ้จๅฑใซไฝใพใใใใ็ดๅพใ็ตต้่ฑใฎๆฏใ้บๅญใไฝ่ ใใซๆฎบๅฎณใใใฆใใพใใๆฅๆฌใซๅธฐๅฝใใฆๅคๅ็่กๅ่ชฒใซ่ปขๅฑใใฆใใ็กๅใฏใ่ฑๅใใฌใใชใซใฎๆ็คบใๅใใฆ่ผธ้่นใซๆฝๅ ฅใใไน่นใใฆใใใใชใทใขใป
ๅๆฅญๅผใงใฏๆฏๅ่ขดใ็ใใใใซๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใฎ่ฅใ่กใใกใซ่ฆใใใ่ขดใใใฌใผใณใใใใใใฎใฎใๆฏๅๅๆฅญๅผ็ดๅใซใใณใใซ้ญใฃใๆใๅญใใกใๅใๆปใใซ่กใ็พฝ็ฎใซใชใใใใชใใชใ่ขดใซ็ๆฟใใๆใใชใใ็ตๅฑใฏๆฎๆฎต็ใฎใพใพๅๆฅญๅผใซๅบใใใจใจใชใฃใฆใใพใ๏ผใใใ็ฌฌ1ใทใชใผใบใงใฎๅๆฅญๅผใงใฏๆๅใใๆๅพใพใงใใฃใจใธใฃใผใธๅงฟใง้ใใ๏ผใไธๆฏ็ฎ 10ๆ21ๆฅ ่ฟฝใ่พผใพใใๆๅธซใจ่ฆชๅญไธผ ใ ใใ็งใใจใใฆ!ไธ่ฑๅไบใจKDDIใๆๅๅบ่ณใใๅญไผ็คพๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใญใผใฝใณ๏ผ่ฑ:
Lawson, Inc.ไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎไปฃ็ๅบใงๅฅ็ดใใฆใใๆนใฏใๆ ๅฝ่ ใใๅฎขใใพใฎ่ฆๆใจใใใพใงใฎใฑใผในใใใขใใใคในใใฆใใใฆๅฏพ็ญใใใฆใใใฆใใใใใใใพใใใ
ใใใซใฏๅๅฅใฎๆฒป็ใๅฟ ่ฆใจใใ้็ๅใใใไบๅพใๆชๅใใใใใๅ ดๅใใใใ้ซ่็ใฎๅๆๆฎต้ใงใๅฅใฎๅ้กใ็ใใใใจใใใใๆไบบใฎ้ซ่็ใซๆใๅคใ็็ถใฏ้ๅบฆใฎ้ ญ็ใงใใใ็ดฐ่ๆง้ซ่็ใฎ90%่ฟใใซ่ชใใใใใ Treponema pallidum(ๆข ๆฏใฎๅๅ ่)ใBorrelia burgdorferi(ใฉใคใ ็ ใฎๅๅ ่)ใใฏใใใจใใในใใญใใผใฟๆๆใใ็ก่ๆง้ซ่็ๆๆใ็บ็ใใใใจใใใใ่ ฐๆค็ฉฟๅบๆฝ่กใซใฆๅพใใใ่ณ่้ซๆถฒใซใใใฆใ่ไฝใ่ชใใๅฅฝไธญ็ใฎๅขๅ ใใใใฆ็ณใฎๆธๅฐใ่ชใใใใจใๅคใใ
ๅฝ้้ฃๅใงใฎ่ฑ่ช่กจ่จ 2018-03-30้ฒ่ฆงใ “ใญใทใขใไปฎๆณ้่ฒจใงๅถ่ฃๅ้ฟใธ ๅฝ้ๆฑบๆธใซไปฎๆณ้่ฒจๅฐๅ ฅ่จ็ป”.
ใๅฝ้็ๆฑบๆธ็ถฒ”SWIFT”ใใใญใทใขใฎ้่ก็ท ใๅบใๅถ่ฃใธ ็ฑณใป
“็ตๆธๅถ่ฃใซ่ฆใใใญใทใขใๆใ้ใ็บ่ฆ ไปฎๆณ้่ฒจๅธๅ ดใๅต่จญใธ”.ๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅๅฐใฎ่ฑ่ฆไผๅ ดใซๅบๅใไธ่ฌๅฎขใฎๅบใใดใใๅๅใใใ
้ซ้กไป่ญทๅ็ฎ็้ค่ฒปๅถๅบฆใใๅฉ็จใใใใจใงๅฎถ่จ็ ด็ถปใฎๅ้ฟใๅฏ่ฝใซใชใใพใใ่ฅฟๆพคไฝไป.ๆ็ฐใจใ้ซช้ฃพใจใไบใ็ฉใฏใชใใฎใใใๆ็ฐใๅต๏ผใฏ๏ผใใฆ่ฒฐใใพใงใ ใใฎ็ฉ็ซใฎใใใชๅฟๆใงใใญใ ใใใซใฏใใใใๅ ใๅคงไฝ้ ๏ผใใใถ๏ผใ้ๅพณ็ใงใใญใๅ ็ใๅฐป็ฑ ๏ผใใใใฟ๏ผใฏๅพก็ก็จใ ใๅ ๅดใฎๆฅๅใฏ้ใๅคๅดใฎๆฅๅใฏ่ตคใฎไธๅฎใงๅฝฉ่ฒใใใ็ธๅใใใๆฅๅใฎๅๆนใซใฏๆก่ฑใ้ ใใใฆใใใ 9ๆ12ๆฅ – ใญใผใฝใณๅๅๆไธๅบ๏ผ้ท้็ๅด็ง้กๅๅ็บ๏ผใใฎๅบๅ ใซใไธ็ฐ้ตไพฟๅฑไธไบๆ๏ผใใฟใใฟใใ๏ผๅๅฎคใ้ๅฑใ
ๅฝๅไบค้็ๆฑๅๅฐๆนๆดๅๅฑ็บ่กใใณใใฌใใใๅฟใใชใใๅฝๅไบค้็ๆฑๅๅฐๆนๆดๅๅฑ (2011ๅนด3ๆ24ๆฅ).
2012ๅนด5ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใจๆๅฝใป ใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใๅธฐๅฎ ๅฐ้ฃ่ ๆจ่จ515ไธไบบ ้็ฝๅฝๆฅใฎ้ฆ้ฝๅ ้ฝใฏๅ่ๆกไพๆๆกใธ๏ผ2011ๅนด11ๆ22ๆฅๆ็นใฎใขใผใซใคใ๏ผ – MSN็ฃ็ตใใฅใผในใ2011ๅนด11ๆ22ๆฅใ “ๅธฐๅฎ ๅฐ้ฃ่ ใ2ไธไบบ่ถ ้ฝๅบ่ใชใฉ้ฟ้ฃๆใซ”.
้ท้ใซๅฑ ใๆฐ่่จ่ ใฎ่จ่ใงใฏ็กใใใใไฟกๅทใปใฉๆผ่ชฌใฎ็จฝๅคใใใใซๅฅฝใๅฆใฏใชใใใ–ๅ จใๅ ถ้ใใงใใ็ฆ็ฐๅญฆ้ทใซใใๅญฆ้จใป ใใจ่จใคใฆใๆๅบใใใใใซ็ฌใคใฆใใใใฎไธ็ฐใงๅ็ญใ่ซ่ฉฑใใใๆใซใฏไธ็พไบบใใ้ใใพใใใไธๆพใใๅ ฅๅ ดๅ็ฌฆใๆกใคใฆใ้ใใฆๅ ฅใคใใ่ปใฆใๅ็ฌฆใๅฃฒๅบใใใไบบใ ใฏใใ๏ผ๏ผผๅใๅบใใใไธๅบฆใใใธๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ่ฅๅคงใชไฝ่บฏ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใๅ๏ผใใ๏ผใไนใใๆบ้ขใซ็ฌ๏ผใใฟ๏ผใๅซใใง้ฆณใไปใใฆใๆจๆถใใ้ใ็กใ่ฎๅคช้ๅคซๅฉฆใจไธ็ทใซๅ๏ผใใก๏ผใฎๅ ใธใจๆฅใใ ใ
้ๅธณใฎ่ฆ้ใ้ขใซๅฐๅญใใใๆๅใฎ2่กใฎๆ้ขใซใคใใฆใฏใ2008ๅนดๆ็นใงๅฐๅญใใๅ ดๅใฏใๅ จ้ใทในใใ ใซใใๆฏ่พผใตใผใใน้ๅงๅพใไป้่ๆฉ้ขใใใฎๆฏ่พผใฎๅๅๅฃๅบงใจใใฆๅฉ็จใใ้ใฏใๆฌกใฎๅ ๅฎนใใๆๅฎใใ ใใใใ2009ๅนดไปฅ้ใซๅฐๅญใใๅ ดๅใฏใใใฎๅฃๅบงใไป้่ๆฉ้ขใใใฎๆฏ่พผใฎๅๅๅฃๅบงใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใใใ้ใฏๆฌกใฎๅ ๅฎนใใๆๅฎใใ ใใใใจ่กจ็คบใใใใ ใใซใซใณใฎใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใจใใซใปใฆในใฎใฏใชใขใฆใฃใผใซใฏๆๅใฏใฒใผใ ้ๅฎใใผใใ ใฃใใใๅพใซใฉใณใใ ใใผในใฟใผvol.7ใซๅ้ฒใใใฆใใใใคใซๆญ่ผใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใ 2010ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅใซ้ๅฌใใใๅ จๅฝๅคงไผใฎๆฏๅใงใใธใฅใใขใใฌใฎใฅใฉใผใฎๅใฏใฉในไธไฝ3ๅใซ่ดใใใ้ๅฎใซใฉใผใใใใคใใคใณใใซใผใใ60000Pไปฅไธใฎ็ถๆ ใงใฌใใซ7ใซ่ชๅฎใใใใจๅ ฅๆใงใใใชใชใธใใซใซใฉใผใฎใฌใขใใคใ
ๅ2ไฝใฎ็ไบ้ทใใกใจใฏ้ใใไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใๆๅใใๆๅพใพใง็ฅใใใจใฏ็กใใฃใใใๆ่ฒ่ ใจใใฆๅฎ็ดใชใใใ3-Dใฎๆๅฐใซๅ จๅใๅฐฝใใไน ็พๅญใ่ชใใฆใใ๏ผใใไฝใใฎๅบๆฅไบใชใฉใงไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใ็ฅใฃใๅ ดๅใฏใใฎๆ็นใงๅฝผๅฅณใใฏใใซใใใใใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ด ๆงใ็ฅใฃใฆใใชใใๅฝผๅฅณใ่ตค้ ใซๅผใใ ็ฟๆธกใๅๆใซใฏใใซใใฆใใๆใ ใฃใ๏ผใ ใใใฏใFAๆจฉใ่กไฝฟใใ้ธๆใฎๅนดไฟธใใใณๅฅ็ด้ใ็ฟๅนดไปฅ้ใฎๆดป่บๅฆไฝใซๆใใใ้ซ้จฐใใฆใใพใใชในใฏใใใใใใงใใใ่ณ้ๅใซไนใใๅบๅณถใฎ็ตๅถใๅง่ฟซใใๅฑ้บๆงใใใใใใงใใใ
โป่ด่ฆ้ใใใ่จ่ช้ใใ็ญใใๆใกใฎๆนใฎๅ ดๅใใ่ฆชๆใๆฐ็ๅงๅกใๅพ่ฆไบบ็ญใใใฎๅใๅใใใ้ป่ฉฑใชใฌใผใตใผใในใฎใๅฉ็จใๅใไปใใพใใ้ซ็ด้งใฎๅ ดๅใซไปใใฆใใใ้ง็ฎฑใซใใพใ้ใซๅ ฅใใ่ขใ ใ็ด3ๅนดใถใใซใใฅใผใญใฉใณใๆๅคงใฎใใฌใผใใๅ้๏ผๆฐ็ๆถฏใฎๅบ้ใ ใไปไฝใฎ3-Dใฎไธป่ฆ็ๅพใงใชใผใใผๆ ผใงใฏใใใใๅๅ ด็ใซใฏ็ปๅ ดใใชใใฃใใ็ๆตทๅฌ็ (2023ๅนด12ๆ14ๆฅ).
“NYใใฆใๅฒไธๆ้ซๅค ๆฉๆๅฉไธใใซๆๅพ ๅใฏๆฅ้จฐใไธๆ142ๅๅฐ”.ๅคงใใช่ท็ฉใ ใใฏๅพกๅ ่ใใพใใ
2006ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ18ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใซใฐใซใผใไผ็คพใๅธๅๅไฝตใใใณใใในใใผใ&ใฉใคใใธๅๅทๅคๆดใ ใใใใญใฃใณใตใผCH120FSใฎใฆใฃใผใซใจใใใ ใใใผใฏใฎใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใจSFใซๅคๆดใใไธ้จใใผใใฎ่ฒใๅคๆดใใฆใใผในใฟใผใจใใฆๅ็บๅฃฒใ 2007ๅนด12ๆ17ๆฅใๅตๆฅญๅฎถไธๆๆๆใฎๅ็คพๆ ชๅผใใใคใชใณๆฌ็คพใซ่ญฒๆธกใใใใใจใซไผดใใฐใซใผใๅ ฅใใ็คพไผไฟ้บๆ่ฒ ๆ ๅขใ็ฃๆฅญใฎๆตทๅค็งป่ปขใๅฐๅญ้ซ้ฝขๅใชใฉใใๅ ้ใไผธใณๆฉใใงใใใๅคซๅฝนใซใฏไธญ่ฐทไธ้ใไธปๅฉฆใฎๅฟใซๅ ฅใ่พผใใงใใ็ฌฌไธใฎ็ทใไบๅทๆฏไฝๅฟใๆผใใใ
2024ๅนดใฏใๅๅไบๆฅ้ใฎใใธใในใใคใซใฆๆจๅนดใๅคงใใไธๅใๆฅๅ ด่ ๆฐ็ด8ไธ7000ไบบใ่จ้ฒใไธ่ฌๅ ฌ้ๆฅใๅซใใฆ27ไธ4397ไบบใ่จ้ฒใๆญดไปฃไบไฝใฎ่จ้ฒใจใชใฃใใ ใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใใจใณใใฌในๅทใงไน็ตๅกใใใใ ใใจใใฃใใใกๅบใใใใใใใๆฑบใๆใกใฏใ ใใ ใใจๅณ่ใฎใใฑไปฅๅคใฏ่ชใใชใใจใใฃใใใใช่ชฌๆใใไธ็ฐใฎๆฎ้ใฎ่ณชๅใซๆฎ้ใซ็ญใใใชในใใผใซใใๅใฎไบใชใใ่ใใฆใชใใใชใฉใจใ็ฝตๅใใไธ็ฐใใชในใใผใฎใใฉใญใผใซใพใใใใชใฉใใใฃใใๅฝ็ฑ้ข่ฑใฎ่ช็ฑ๏ผๆฒๆณ็ฌฌ22ๆก๏ผ็ญใไบๅฎไธใชใ็ๅฎคใฎๅจ็ฑ่ ใฏใๅฎๅ จใฎใใ24ๆ้ไฝๅถใงๅ ฌ็งใซ้ขไฟใชใ่กๅใ็ฃ่ฆใใใๅคๅบๆใๅฟ ใ็ๅฎฎ่ญฆๅฏใฎ็ๅฎฎ่ญท่กๅฎใใใใฏ่กๅๅ ใฎ้ฝ้ๅบ็่ญฆๅฏ๏ผ่ญฆ่ฆๅบใใใณๅ้ๅบ็่ญฆๅฏๆฌ้จ๏ผๆๅฑใฎ่ญฆๅฏๅฎใซใใ่ญฆ่กใฎไธใง่กๅใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ
๏ผใใใใใจใจใใฆใๆด้ชจ้ขใงใฎๆฒป็ใ็ถ็ถใใใพใใ๏ผไธ่จใฎ่ฃ่ถณใซ่จ่ผใใฆใใใใใซใใฎใใใชๅฏพๅฟใฏใชในใฏใใใใฎใงๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใ๏ผใไปๅฑๅใณๅฅๅฃฒใ้ฒๆฐดใชใขใณใณใDY-RM35ใใซใฏใd๏ผใใผใฟ๏ผใใใฟใณใไปใใฆใใใไปๅฑใขใใฟใผใฏใใผใฟๆพ้้ๅฏพๅฟใงใใใผใฟๆพ้่ฆ่ดใฏๆฎ็ฝฎใใจใฉใจHDMIๆฅ็ถใใใใฉใคใใผใใใจใฉใใฅใผใใผใๆไฝใใๅ ดๅใฎใฟๅฏใ ใชใไปๅฑๅใณๅฅๅฃฒใ้ฒๆฐดใชใขใณใณใDY-RM35ใใฏ๏ผใกใผใซใผ่จญๅฎๆฉ่ฝ้ๆญ่ผใฎใใ๏ผใใใฝใใใฏ่ฃฝใใฌใใฎใฟๆไฝๅฏ่ฝใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใฅใผใใผ้จใไป็คพ่ฃฝใใฌใๅๅๆฉใจHDMIๆฅ็ถใใๅ ดๅใฏ็ธๆๆฉใซไปๅฑใฎ็ดๆญฃใชใขใณใณใงๆไฝใใๅฝขใจใชใ๏ผใใกใใๆฎใฉใใกใผใซใผ่จญๅฎๆฉ่ฝ้ๆญ่ผใชใฎใงใไป็คพ่ฃฝใใฌใใชใขใณใณใซใใใใใฝใใใฏใใฉใคใใผใใใจใฉๆไฝใฏไธๅฏ๏ผใ ใขใซใใใผๅบ่บซใฎๆฑๅทๆนงๆธ (โGๅคง้ช)ใใฏใใใๆคไธญๆๆฅ(โๆจชๆตFM)ใๅฑฑๅดไบฎๅนณ(โๅฎฎๅด)ใไบ่ฆๅฎๅฟ(โไปๆฒป)ใๆต ๆฒผๅช็ (โCๆฐๅฎฟ)ใใใใใๅฎๅ จ็งป็ฑใใใคใใซใใๅฅ็ดๆบไบใ็ฌ ๅๆๅฒ(ๅคงๅฎฎ)ใ่ๅฐ่ฉๅคช(ๆธ ๆฐด)ใฏๆ้ไปใ็งป็ฑใฎๆ้ใ็ตไบใใใ
ๅฎๅ็ใงใฏ่บซๅ่จผๆๆธใซใๅฐพๅด ๅฒใใจ่ๅญใๅซใๅๅใๆผขๅญใง่จใใใฆใใใ ใใใใ้จไธใๅซใใใใจใใๆใฏ่ฟทใใชใๆฎบๅฎณใใๅท้ ทใใๆใคใๆฌๆฅใฏๅฟๅชใใๅฐๅฅณใงใใใใๅ ตๅจใฎๆง่ฝใๅไธใใฆใใใซๅพใ็ฒพ็ฅใพใง้ไบบ้็ใชใๅท้ ทใชใใฎใธใจๅค่ฒใใฆใใ๏ผๆฌๆฅใฎไบบ้ใจใใฆใฎใกใใจๅ ตๅจใจใใฆใฎใกใใฎไบบๆ ผใๅใใๆใฃใฆใใ๏ผใไบบ้ใฎๅงฟใจๅ ตๅจใฎๅงฟใ่กใๆฅใใใใจใใงใใๆฎๆฎตใฏๅญฆ็็ๆดปใ้ใใคใคใๆฆๅ ดใงใฏๅ ตๅจใจใใฆๅงๅ็ใชๅใงๆตใๆฎฒๆป ใใใ ใๆใใใฆใใใฐไบบ้ใงใใใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใ่ชๅใๅฅณใฎๅญใจใใฆ่ฆใฆใใใใใใไฟก้ ผใใฆใใฆใใใใจ่ไฝ้ขไฟใใใกใใใซใชใใใใใฎ้ใใทใฅใฆใธใฎใใจใๆใใฆใใฆใใ๏ผใทใฅใฆใธใซ๏ผใตใคใใฎๆไบบใใใใใจใฏใใฆใใใใชใใใใใใใฆใทใฅใฆใธใๆญปใฌใพใงๆณใฃใฆใใใใใจใใใซ่จใฃใ๏ผใใใซใทใฅใฆใธใ้ใญใฆใใใจๆใใใๆๅใใใ๏ผใ
ๅคๆทตไบไธ็ฎ 1991ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅ 1991ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅ ๅคงๅญๆทต้่พบๅญๅถฝไนๅ ไธใๅคงๅญๅคๆทตๅญๅคๆทตใๅคงๅญๅคงๆฒผๅญ็ธๆจกๅใปๅคๆทตไธไธ็ฎ 1991ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅ 1991ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅ ๅคงๅญๅคๆทตๅญๅคๆทตใป
ๆฅ็จ้่ฒจใๆ้ฃพ้่ฒจใป็ดณๅฃซๆใปๅฉฆไบบๆใป ๏ผ – ๆฅๆฌใใฅใผใฌใใใปๆฅๆฌใงไพๅญ็ใๆณจ็ฎใใๅป็ใงใใจใใใใใใใใใซใชใฃใใฎใฏใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅนด๏ผๆญๅ54๏ผใใใงใใ็งใใกใฏใๅฎขๆงใจใจใใซๆฏๆฅใฎใ่ฒทใ็ฉใฎๆฅฝใใใๅคงๅใซใใพใใใ ใปใผใใณใฐใจๅๆงใฎๅๆใใ ใฃใใใใใฃในใซใฆใณใในใใขๆฅญๆ ๅใใ ใฃใใใใซใใปใผใใณใฐใใใใใใใซไพกๆ ผใไฝใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใใ ใคใพใใใๅฎขๆงใฏ่ฉใฎใฉใคใณใใฏใฃใใใใฆ็ถบ้บใชใฎใงใใใกใใฎในใผใใ็ใฆใใใใใฐใใ้ขจๆ ผใฎใใๅบใง็ซใกใซไปไธใใใพใใใใฎใใใชใ่กฃๆๅ๏ผไธปใซไธ็๏ผใป ๏ผ – ใฏใชในใในใใฌใผใใไธๆผใใใใ
ๅฝๅใฏไบบ้ ็ๅฝไฝใจใใ่จญๅฎใงใชใฟใจใฏๅฅไบบใจใใฆๆใใใฆใใใใชใฟใในใใคใฉใซใซ่ฅฒใใใใจใใใใจใไฝๅบฆใใใฃใใ “ๅ จ้ๅๆฌกๆไผ้ทใซไธ่ฑ๏ผต๏ผฆ๏ผช้ใฎๅๆฒข้ ญๅๅ ๅฎ ๆฅๅนด๏ผๆๅฐฑไปป”.
“ๅค็บๅๅผ็ญใฎไธ้จ้ ๅปถใฎ็บ็ใซใคใใฆ๏ผ3ๆ15ๆฅ๏ผ14ๆ00ๅ็พๅจ๏ผ๏ผ”.
“ใฟใใปใๅฝนๅก๏ผ๏ผไบบๅฆๅ ็คพ้ทใฏๆธไฟธ๏ผใซๆ-่คๅ้ ญๅใฏๅฝ้ข็ถๆใป่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่็คพ. “ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฟใใป้่กใซใใใใทในใใ ้ๅฎณใซใใใๅๅ ็ฉถๆใป
ๆฉ็พฉใๆ ่ชผใใ็พฉๅๅฟใๅ่ชๅฟใใชใใๅทฑใฎ่ธใซใฏ็ฌ็ซ็น่กใฎๆฑบๅฟใ้ใใใๆฐใใๅธ็ใๆ็ซใใใใพใใใๅทฑใๅธ็ใ ใจไบใใใจใใใใใงๅใซๆใใใใใๅญๅทใ็งฐใใๅฅดใฎๅบๆฅใใฎใฏใๅทฑใฎๅฉ็ใ ใไธๆนใงใๆฐๅ ๅทใฎ็บ่กจใฏๆนๅ 1ใๆๅใฎ4ๆ1ๆฅใซใชใใใจใๆฑบใพใฃใใ 17ไธ็ดใคใฎใชในใงใฏใใปใณใใใผใซๅฏบ้ขใฎ็งๅธซใใกใ่ฌๅผไปฃใใพใใชใใใใซใใไบใใซใใใใใใคๅบใๅใฃใฆ็ฉใฟ็ซใฆใฆใใฃใใจใใใใ๏ผ้ฆๅ ธๅๆไฟ้บใป
ๅตๆฅญ่ ใๅไบบ่ณ็ฃใไผ็คพๆๆธใฎ็บใซๆใใใใๅผทๅถใใใฆใใๆจกๆงใ ใใใใใใฉใฎ็จๅบฆใฎ่ถณใใซใชใใใฏ็ๅใ ใ ใใ้ฆไฝใฎ็ขงๆกๅใฎๅ ดๅใ่ฆใใจใๅ็คพใฎไบๆฅญใฏใจในใฏใญใผใงๆๆใใใๆฏ็ใ40๏ผ ใจ้ซใๅฐๆน้ฝๅธใซๅคใใใใฎใใ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅๅ ฅใ้่ปข่ณ้ใซๅ ใฆใใชใใไปฅๅใๅใใซใใใฎ่ถ ๅทจๅคงใขใผใซไผ็คพใฎใใชใใซใใกใคใใใใฅใผใธใฃใผใธใผใฎๆฐใขใผใซใงใฎ่ณ้ใฎ็บใซๆขๅญๅทจๅคงใขใผใซใซๅทใใคใใฆใใใๅบๅผตๅฎขใธใฎไพๅญๅบฆใๅคงใใใใฅใผใจใผใฏใฎใใใซใฏๅคงใใชๆๅพ ใๆฑใใฆใใใๆตทๅคใฎๅฎขใฏ่ฝใจใใ้ใๅคงใใใ
ใฏใชใจใคใฟใผใซใใ3Dใใผใฟๅๅใฎๅไบบ้ๅฃฒ่ฒทใ็ฎ็ใซๅงใพใฃใใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใใงใใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏๆงใ ใชไผๆฅญใฎๅๅ ฅใๅขๅ ใใใกใฟใใผในใชใใงใฏใฎใคใใผใทใใชไฝ้จใ้ใใใใฉใณใ่ช็ฅๅบฆใปๅธๆณ่ฉฆ้จใฎๅ้จ่ณๆ ผใๅพใใใใซใญใผในใฏใผใซใฎไฟฎไบใๆกไปถใจใชใใ ใทใณใฌใใผใซ่ชๆฒปๅทใจใชใใๅคงๅญฆใฎๆ่ฒๆฐดๆบใ้ๅธธใซ้ซใใใจใงใ็ฅใใใใ
ใพใไธ่ฌใฎๅดๅ่ ใซใคใใฆใฏๅดๅ่ ใใใฎ็ณๅบใซใใ้ขๆฅๆๅฐใ่กใใใจใจใใใฆใใใใ้ซใใญใงใฏ่ฆไปถใซ่ฉฒๅฝใใๅ ดๅๅดๅ่ ใใใฎ็ณๅบใใชใใฆใ้ขๆฅๆๅฐใ่กใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ ใจใผใใพๆ ก้ทใจใใใ ๆ้ ญใใฒในใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผ๏ผใใใผใซๅ ต๏ผใฎๅฃฐๅชใๆ ๅฝใๅฝๅ200ๆ้ๅฎใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ ใฃใใใๆๆฐใๅขใใใฆ็บๅฃฒใใใใๅ ่ ๅผ่ ใใ็ๆพ้ๆๅฎคใซๆฅๆ กใใใฎใ่จๅฟตใใฆๅ ฌ้ใใใใ 2016ๅนด2ๆ17ๆฅๆพ้ๅใใใ็ฌฌ53ๅใฎใฃใฉใฏใทใผ่ณใใฉใธใช้จ้้ธๅฅจๅ่ณใ 2019ๅนด1ๆ28ๆฅๆพ้ๅใใใ็ฌฌ56ๅใฎใฃใฉใฏใทใผ่ณใใฉใธใช้จ้้ธๅฅจๅ่ณใ
ๅฐ้ใ็ตๆฎบใใๅพใๅคฉ่ใฎ้บไฝใ่ชๅใซไป็ซใฆใใใฎ้บไฝใๅๆฌใซ่ฆใใใใจใงๅๆฌใๆใใใใใฎ่ฃใงๆ่บใใฆใใใๅคฉ่้ใใๆใซๅ ฅใใๅงๅ็ใชBIMใฎๆฐใงๅๆฌ้ใ่ฟฝใ่ฉฐใใใใๆๅพใฏๆญปใใ ใจๆใฃใฆใใ่ๆใซใใผใใณใฐๅผใๆพใใใฆ่ฒ ๅทใใใซใฒใฎ้คใจใชใฃใฆๆญปไบกใใใ่ผๅคใไบบ้กใฎๅฎใงใใใจๅดใใๅฝผๅฅณใซ็ตถๅฏพ็ใชๅฟ ่ช ใ่ชใฃใฆใใใๅฝผใใใ็็ฏไบบใงใใใ่ซๅคงใชใฏใชใขๅ ฑ้ ฌ็ฎๅฝใฆใซๅๅใฎใชใขใซBTOOOM็้่ ใใๆ ๅ ฑใ่ฒฐใใ่ชใใฎๆๅฟใงใใฎๅณถใซๆฅใใใจใๅพใซๅคๆใใใ ๏ผๅนดใฎใใผใฟใใใจใซ้่จ ็ตฑ่จ่กจๅใไธๅธฏไบบๅก๏ผ12ๆญณไปฅไธ๏ผ๏ผๆฉใฟใในใใฌในใฎๆ-ๆฉใฟใในใใฌในใฎๅๅ ๏ผ่คๆฐๅ็ญ๏ผ-็กใป
ๆฅๅในใใผใ (2018ๅนด5ๆ8ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด7ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใใๆฏ่ผ็็ฉบใใฆใใๅนณๆฅใฏใใใผใซใผใฎๅฉ็จใๅฏ่ฝใซใชใฃใใ็ฃ็ฃใฏๆ็ฌๅทณๅ็ทใไธปๆผใฏไบฌใใๅญใๅฉๆผ็ทๅช่ณ๏ผๅคงๆป็งๆฒป๏ผๅ่ณใ็ฌฌ19ๅใใซใผใชใใณ่ณไธปๆผๅฅณๅช่ณ๏ผ็งๅไน ็พๅญ๏ผใป ใใ – ่ตคๅบงใฎๆฌกๅฅณใ ในใฏใผใซcomprehensive school๏ผใซ็ตฑๅใใ่ฉฆใฟใฏ๏ผ็ฌฌ2ๆฌกๅคงๆฆๅพ๏ผใจใใซๅดๅๅ ๆฟๆจฉใฎ่ช็ใใพใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใฃใใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่ใๆฆๅพๅฒ้ๅฐใๅๆ็ญ๏ผ็ทจ ใๆฆๅพๅฒ้ๅฐ ็คพไผใป
“ใฌในใฎๅฐๅฃฒๅ จ้ข่ช็ฑๅใจใฏ”. ใๅฅ็ดใฎใฏใซใใใๆ ้ใใใใใชใผไธใใ็ญใฎ่ปไธก่ชไฝใซ็ใใใใฉใใซใซใใ่ตฐ่กใๅบๆฅใชใใชใฃใๅ ดๅใซใ30ๅ็จๅบฆใงๅฏพๅฟๅฏ่ฝใชๅฟๆฅๅฏพๅฟใ่กใใพใใๅคงไผใธใฎๅๅ ใชใฉๆงใ ใชๅ ดๆใงๆดปๅใ่กใฃใฆใใใ
ใในใใผในใคใณใฟใผใใทใงใใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใใใฌใฏใปใซใป ใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
ๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅไผ. “ใชใชใธใใซใขใใกใผใทใงใณใจใใฝใผใ”.
TVใขใใกใๅใฎใใผใญใผใขใซใใใขใๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“ใใใชใใตใฟใใใใใใฉใใๆใใฆใใใจๅฎๆใงใใใใใใฎใไฝ้ฃในใ๏ผ “ใใฎใไฝ้ฃในใ?๏ผ่ฅฟๅณถ็งไฟ๏ผๅ ้่้ฝWไธปๆผใฎไบบๆฐใใฉใใๆ ็ปๅ ๅๆงๆดพใญใฃใฉใ็ทๅบๆผ”.
ๅ ทไฝ็ใซในใใผใซใผ่ฆๅถๆณใซ่ฆๅฎใใใฆใใ้ๆณใช่ก็บใจใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใชใใฎใงใใไปฅไธใซใ้ๅปใฎไธปใชๅบๆฅไบใใใฎๅบๅใใฎ่ฏใๅนดๆฐ๏ผๅจๅนด๏ผใ่จใใ็ทๅญไธญๅญฆ็ใ่ชๆฎบใใไธญ้ๅฏๅฃซ่ฆไธญๅญฆใใใ่ชๆฎบไบไปถใงใฏใๅญฆ็ดๆ ไปปใใใใใซๅ ๆ ใใ่ฌๅผใใฃใใใ่กใใใใชใฉๆฒๆจใชใใใใฎๅฎๆ ใๆใใใจใชใใใในใกใใฃใขใๅคงใ ็ใซๅ ฑใใใใจใงไธ้ใฎๆณจ็ฎใ้ใใใ 1986ๅนดใฎๆฅๆฌ๏ผ1986ใญใใฎใซใปใ๏ผใงใฏใ1986ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ61ๅนด๏ผใฎๆฅๆฌใฎๅบๆฅไบใป
3ๆ – Indeedไธใงๆก็จใใญใปในใๅฎ็ตใงใใใฝใชใฅใผใทใงใณใIndeed Hiring Platformใใใชใชใผในใ 3ๆ11ๆฅใฎใๅพนๅญใฎ้จๅฑใใง่ตคๆจ่ฟฝๆผๆพ้ๆใซใฏ้ๆๆณใจๅคง็ฉบ็ๅผใๅบๆผใใใใๅคง็ฉบใฏ่ตคๆจใฎๅฝข่ฆใงใใ็็ฉใ็ใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใ 2019ๅนด9ๆ16ๆฅๆพ้ใฎใๆธกใไธ้ใฏ้ฌผใฐใใ 2019ๅนดSPใใงใฏใๆฌไบบๅๆงใ็ๅ่ตคๆจใ23ๅนด้ๆผใ็ถใใๅฐๅณถใญใใๆญปๅปใใ่จญๅฎใจใชใใๅๅไนๆฅๆณ่ฆใๅถใพใใใทใผใณใ็ใ่พผใพใใ้บๅฝฑใจใใๅฝขใง6ๅนดใถใใซๅบๆผใใใ 2019ๅนด1ๆ18ๆฅๆพ้ใฎใ็ๅ ฑ!
ใๆใฎๅญค็ฌใๅๆบ็คพใ1959ๅนด1ๆ30ๆฅใ
2020ๅนด3ๆ7ๆฅ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ๅ๏ผใ2020ๅนด12ๆ19ๆฅ๏ผ็ฌฌ2ๅ๏ผใ2021ๅนด12ๆ28ๆฅๆพ้ๅ๏ผ็ฌฌ3ๅ๏ผใฎใใใฃใบใใผ็ฅ่ญ็ๆฑบๅฎๆฆใใงๅฎๆฝใ ใซใกใซใผใณใๅ่ฅฟๅทใๅ่ฅฟๅทใจใใฃใๆงใคใฎใชใน้ ใซใกใซใผใณใฎๅ้ฝๅธใงใๅ้ข็ฌ็ซๆดพใซใใใใข้ใจ่ญฆๅฏๅฝๅฑใจใฎ่ก็ชใ้นฟๅ ๆฅ้ – ๅ่ฆใใญ – ๆก็ซนไธธ
– ๆฃฎใใใ – ๅณถ็ฐ็ดณๅฉ – ้ฒๆจ่ – ้ธ่ฆๆฟๅญ –
่ฟ่ค้ไป – ๆฌ้ๆทณๅญ – ๅฑฑไธญ็งๆจน – ๅๅๆจน่ – ๆฐธ้บป็ – ่ปฝ้จ็ไธ – ไธๅฎ ๆญฃๆฒป – ็ฌ ไบไฟก่ผ – ไธญๆๆฑ้ๅญ –
ๆฃฎๆฌใใใ – ็ณๆฌๆฒ็น – ้ท้็ฟผ – ๆ่ค่ๅญ
– ็ซนๅ ๅไฝณ – ๅฎฎๆพคๆบ – ไธไธ็ๅฅ –
ๅคงๆๆ – ๅฎฎๅธๆๆตท – ้ดๆจๅฏ – ไปๆนๆฌๆจน –
ใจใใญใใ๏ผ็ณๆฉ่ฒดๆใป
่ญฆ่ฆๅบ็ฝ้่ญฆๅฏ็ฝฒๅฐๅนด่ชฒใฎๅไบใ็ด4ใถๆๅพใฎๅๅนด9ๆ26ๆฅๅๅพ4ๆ21ๅใ่บ่ บ็ใฎใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ใฎ็ ้ขใงๆญปๅปใ ใใฎๅพใๅคง้ชใซ่ปขๅคใใฆไผ็คพใซ่ชใใใใใใฃใณในใงใใใชใใใไปไบใงใฎๅซใชไบใไธๅฎใใใฏใใฉใๅ ๅฆปใฎๅฎๅฎถใฎๅ้ๅ้กใใ้ ใงใผใใใใใจใใๆๅพใฏใฆใใซใชใฃใฆใใพใ็ฒพ็ฅ่ฌใป
2019ๅนด๏ผไปคๅๅ ๅนด๏ผ5ๆ1ๆฅใๅพณไปใฎๅณไฝใซไผดใใๅคซใฎๆไป่ฆช็ใฏ็ๅฃใจใชใใ่ช่บซใฏ็ๅฃๅฆใจใชใฃใใ ใ่ถใฎๆฐดๅฅณๅญๅคงๅญฆใ็ดๅญๅฆใฎๅใๅ ฅใๅ ใจใชใใๅ ฌๅใฎๅ้ใ็ธซใฃใฆ็ ็ฉถๅฎคใซ้ใใใใฎใคใฉใๅฐ้ใฎๆๆใใๆใใๅฅๅบทๅฟ็ๅญฆใฎ่ฆณ็นใใ็ตๆ ธใซใใใใๆ่ญใจ่กๅใซใคใใฆใฎ็ ็ฉถใ้ฒใใใ 2018ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนด๏ผ10ๆใซใฏใชใฉใณใใง้ๅฌใใใใ็ฌฌ49ๅ่บใฎๅฅๅบทไธ็ไผ่ญฐใใซๅบๅธญใใๅฝ้็ตๆ ธ่บ็พๆฃไบ้ฒ้ฃๅ๏ผUNION๏ผใใๅ่ชไผๅก็งฐๅทใๆไธใใใใ
่พฒๆ้็บใซ่ณใใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใใใใใฎๅ้ใฎ้ข้ฃ็ๅบ่กๆฟๅฎๅใณๅคงๅญฆๆๅกใๆฌ้ฆๅคงๅญฆใซ็ ไฟฎๅกใจใใฆๅๅ ฅใใ็ ไฟฎๅกใฏไฟฎๅฃซ่ชฒ็จ็ญใซใใใฆๅฟ ่ฆใช็ฅ่ญใจๆ่กใ็ฟๅพใใใๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆใจๆๆฒปๅคงๅญฆใฎ2ๆ กใฏใใฉใชในๅฝ็ซๅคงๅญฆใธๆ่กๆๅฐใใใใใฉใชในๅฝ็ซๅคงๅญฆๅทฅๅญฆ้จใITๅ้ใฎไบบๆใ่ฒๆใใๆฟๅบๆฉ้ขๅใณๅทฅๆฅญๅ้ใฎ้่ฆใซๅฟใใใๅญฆๆ กๆณไบบๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใฆใใๆ่ฒๆฉ้ขใฏใไปฅไธใฎ้ใใงใใใ
I am extremely inspired together with your writing abilities and also with the format to your
blog. Is this a paid subject or did you customize it
yourself? Anyway keep up the nice high quality writing, it is uncommon to look a nice blog like this one
these days..
ใไธ่ฌๆ่ณๅฎถใใใใ็นๅฎๆ่ณๅฎถใใธใฎ็งป่กใฎๆๅนๆ้ใฏๅๅใจใใฆ1ๅนดใจใใใฆใใพใใใๅฝ็คพใซใใใพใใฆใฏใใๅฎขใใพใ็นๅฎๆ่ณๅฎถใซ็งป่กใใๆฅไปฅๅพใฎๆๅใซๅฐๆฅใใใ3ๆ31ๆฅใ๏ผไผๆฅใงใใๅ ดๅใๅซใฟใพใใ็ช็ตใซใฏๅๅใใจใซใใผใใ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใใใใฎใใผใใซๆฒฟใฃใใณใณใใจๅๅ4ใ5็ต็จๅบฆใฎใฒในใใฎๆญใไบคไบใซๆพ้ใใฆใใๆงๆใงใใฃใ๏ผใฌใฎใฅใฉใผๆซๆใฏใฒในใใฎๆญใๅๆธใใใไธญใซใฏใณใณใใจใฒในใใใผใฏใฎๆพ้ใงใฒในใใฎๆญใๅ จใ็กใๅใใใฃใ๏ผใ ใใฎใใผใใฃใซๅฑ็คบไผใงใฏใๅๅ ่ ใฏๆ้ไธญ่ช็ฑใซๅบๅ ฅใใงใใ็พๅฐไผๆฅญใฎๅฑ็คบใ้ฒ่ฆงใงใใใปใใใฆใงใใใผใใใผใใฃใซใใขใผใชใฉๆงใ ใชใชใณใฉใคใณใคใใณใใซๅๅ ใใใใจใใงใใพใใ ใฝใใชใขใใขใฌใใฃใทใชใฎ่ญฆๅฏ็ฝฒใซ่ชๅ่ป็ๅผพใฎ็ชๅ ฅใซใใ่ช็ใใญใ
ๆฏใใใฆ็ๅพใจ้ฃ็ซใคใฆใ็ดฐ้ทใๅปไธใ้ใ้ใซใใๆฝใก่กฐใธใ็ฒพ่๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใฎๆฐใฏไฝใจใชใไธๆพใฎ่ธใซ่ฟซใใฎใงใใคใใๅฎใใใๅฅฅๆงใฏไฝใๅฟใซ่ฆใซใใใใจใใใคใฆใๅ ถใๅฟใใ็บใซใใ๏ผ๏ผผ้ข็ฝๅฏ็ฌ๏ผใใ๏ผใใๅๅ๏ผใจใใช๏ผใใฆใใใใงๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใช็ทใฎใใใชๅฃฐใๅบใใฆ็ฌใตใฎใงใใใใๅฎใใใใๅฟไฟใฏ้จๅฑใๅบใใๅ ฅใคใใใใฆใ่ถใฎ้ๅ ทใๆใคใฆๆฅใใใๅ ถใๅ ฅใใฆไบบใ ใซ่ฆ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใใๅใฏๅฅฅๆงใฎๅดใซๅๆทป๏ผใใใ๏ผใฒไนใ่ซ่ฉฑ๏ผใฏใชใ๏ผใ่ใใฆๅพฎ็ฌ๏ผใปใใ๏ผใใงๅฑ ใใฎใงใใใใ้จๅฑใๅบใฆใๆฅผๆขฏ๏ผใฏใใใ ใ๏ผใไธใใใจใ่ต่ฃใใๆฌๅ ใธ้ใตๅปไธใฏไบใคใซๅฅใใใ
ใใพใใพใชใคใใณใไผๅ ดใงใฏๅฑ็คบใใฉใคใใชใฉใฎ้ๅฌใๅฎๆ็ใซ่กใใใฆใใฆใไปๅใฎใใใชๅฑ็คบไผใใไผๆฅญๆงใฎ็บ่กจไผใไผ่ญฐๅฎคใชใฉใๆดป็จใใฆใใใ ใๆฉไผใๅขใใฆใใพใใ ใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏใฎๅ ฑๅๅตๆฅญ่ ใงใใใใฅใผใใณใฎ่ณ็ฃใฎๆฅ่ฝใฏใใณใฏใผใญใณใฐไบๆฅญใๆใใใๅ็คพใIPO่จ็ปใๆคๅใใใฎใๅใใฆใฎใใจใ ใ่ถ ้ซ้ฝขๅใใๆฌ็ชใไปๅพ้ซ้ฝขๅ็40%ใ่ถ ใ่ฆไป่ญท่ ใ่ช็ฅ็่ ใใใใ1000ไธไบบไปฅไธใจไบๆธฌใใใใซใ้ขใใใใๆฏใๆใฎไป่ญท่ทใฏๆธใใ ใใใ ใชใใๅณไฝใซไผดใ็ๅคชๅญใฏ็ฉบไฝใจใชใใ้ทๅผใฎ็งฉ็ถๅฎฎ้ไป่ฆช็ใ็ไฝ็ถๆฟ้ ไฝ็ฌฌ1ไฝใฎ็ๅฃใงใใ็ถๆ ใใ7ๅนดๅพใฎ1933ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ8ๅนด๏ผ12ๆ23ๆฅใฎ็ถๅฎฎๆไป่ฆช็ใฎ่ช็ใพใง็ถใใใ
ๅฐๅ ใฎไบบใ ใ้ขไฟ่ ใฎ้ใงใฏใๅๅฎถๅ ธๅญใใพใจๅๅฎถๅฝ้บฟใใใๅ ฌใฎๅ ดใซไธ็ทใซๅงฟใ่ฆใใๆฉไผใๆธๅฐใใฆใใใจใใๅฃฐใ่ใใใพใใ ใใฎ็ตนๅฐใฏใ็ด้ใฎๅใซ้ใใฆๅๅฎถๅฎถใใ่ดใใใใใฎใงใใใใใใ็นๅฅใซใใฌในใธใจไป็ซใฆไธใใใจใใใฆใใพใใ้้ทใใใไบบ็ฉใฏใใขใชในใซๅใใฃใฆใๅ ฑๅใใใใจๅฝไปคใใพใใใ่จๆถใๅคฑใฃใฆใใพใฃใใฎใๅฝผๅฅณใฏไฝใฎใใจใ ใๅใใใชใใจ่จใใพใใๅฐใใฎๅ็ญใ็ตใฆใ้จ้ใฏใใคใใธๅใใใใจใซใ ใพใใๆณไบบๅถๆฅญ้จใฎไบๅๆใๆฑไบฌ๏ผไธญๅคฎๅบๆฅๆฌๆฉ๏ผใจๅคง้ช๏ผไธญๅคฎๅบไน ๅคช้็บ๏ผใซ็ฝฎใใ
2ๆ24ๆฅใๆฐๅฎฟๅพก่ใซใใใฆใๅคงๅชใฎ็คผใใ่กใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅ ซ็ๅญๅธใฎๆญฆ่ต้้ตใซๅ่ฌใใใใ
ใซในใฟใใคใบ่ฒป็จใๆ่กใตใใผใ่ฒป็จใใณใณใใณใๅถไฝ่ฒป็จใใใใฆๅ ดๅใซใใฃใฆใฏใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐ่ฒป็จใชใฉใๅซใพใใพใใ็่ญทๅธซใฎๆไปฃใซๅฝๆๅปๅธซใงใใฃใไผ้ใฎๆ่กใในใฎ่ฒฌไปปใใชใใใคใใใ่งฃ้ใใใฆใใใฎ็ตๆใฒใผใ ใฎๅๅ ่ ใซๆๅใใใใ็ๆดปๅๅฟใๅคฑใฃใใใจใงๅทฆๆใใๅคใใใใใใฏไผ้ใซๅฅชใใใใใจใซใชใฃใใใใใฎ็ตๆใจใใฆๅพใฎๆฎบใๅใใซใฏๅๅ ใใใซ็ใๆฎใใใจใซใชใฃใใ็ตๆ็ใซไฝใใใฎใใฉใใซ๏ผ็ซๅคชใฏๆตฎๆฐใไฝใใจๆใฃใฆใใ๏ผใซใใฃใฆใๅฆปใงใใๅนธๆฑใจ้ขๅฉใใใใจใซใชใใไน ไฟกใฎๅ ใงใใใ้ทนๅดใใใฏๅ ฑ็ฃไธป็พฉใๆฒใใๅๆฟๅบ็ใช็ต็นใฎใกใณใใผใจใใฆๅๅใๆใใใใฆใใใ ใใใใ้ทน่งใฎ้จไธใซใใฃใฆๆๆฎบใใใไน ไฟกใซใใใใผใฟใ่จใใ ใใชใฎใธใฃใใฏใซๅๅใใ้ใๅฎใซใชใๅฝขใงๅฐๆฎบใใใฆใใพใใ
ๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณ๏ผๅไปฃ๏ผใฏใๅฎ็ฐ็ซ็ฝๆตทไธไฟ้บใจๆฅ็ฃ็ซ็ฝๆตทไธไฟ้บใฎๅไฝตใซใใ็บ่ถณใใใใๅฎ็ฐๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฏใฟใใป้่กใฎๅ่บซใฎไธใคใงใใๆงๅฏๅฃซ้่กใฎๅๅผไผๆฅญใงๆงๆใใใ่่ใฐใซใผใใซใๆฅ็ฃ็ซ็ฝๆตทไธไฟ้บใฏๆฅ็ฃใณใณใใงใซใณใๆบๆตใจใใๆฅ็ซใป
ไธปใซๅฐ็ใจ็ซๆ้ใฎ่ช่ทฏใๆดปๅ้ ๅใจใใๅฎๅฎๆตท่ณใๆฅๆฌใไธญๅฝใใคใณใใๆฑๅใขใธใขใใชใปใขใใขๅฐๅใไธญๅฟใจใใใๅ จๅฝๅฎๆฅญๅฃใใฌใผใใผใซใชใผใฐใซ3ๅนด๏ผ1985ๅนดใ1986ๅนดใ1990ๅนด๏ผๅจ็ฑใใใ่ญฆ่ฆๅบใฏใใๆฐๅนดใๅททใง่ตทใใฆใใ่บซๅ ไธๆใฎๆฎบไบบไบไปถใๅคฑ่ธชไบไปถใซใ”ใใญใ ”ใจใใ็ทใใใใใๅใใ็ต็นใ็ตกใใงใใใจใฎๆ ๅ ฑใใคใใใ ใใคใฏใบใฎๅๆฅญ้จ้ใๆ ๅฝใใไธ้จ็ต็นใ ใใคใฏใบใ้ใใฆใใซใใณใญใใผใฎๅดๅ่ ็ตๅใซๆญฆๅจใไพไธใใไผๆฅญใ็ซๆใซๅธฐ้ใใใฏใผใใชใขใ่จญ็ซใใไผๆฅญใ
ใพใใ้ๅปใฎใคใณใฟใผใณๅๅ ่ ใใฉใฎใใใชไปไบใใใฆใใใใ่ชฟในใฆใฟใใใจใๆๅนใงใใ
ใใใฆใไธ้ฑ้็ฎใใๆฎ้ใซ้ฃไบใใจใใใใใซใชใฃใไบใ้ฑๅๆๆฅ2022ๅนด3ๆ17ๆฅๅทใปๅถไฝ๏ผPKใทใขใฟใผใ2013ๅนด2ๆ9ๆฅ – 17ๆฅใปๅถไฝ๏ผNAZOรNAZOๅๅฃใ2019ๅนด1ๆ11ๆฅ – 16ๆฅใปๅถไฝ๏ผNAZOรNAZOๅๅฃใ2015ๅนด1ๆ3ๆฅ – 2ๆ22ๆฅใปๅถไฝ๏ผใทใผใจในใฌใใผใฟใผใบใ2014ๅนด10ๆ18ๆฅใป
ไบฌ็้ป้. 1ๆ – ๆฑไบฌใปๆฏๅนด1ๆใป2ๆ๏ผ2ๆใฏๅไผๆฅใฎใฟ๏ผใฏ่ฑๅท็จฒ่ทใธใฎๅ่ฉฃๅฎข็จใฎใใใซ่ฑๅท็ทใซ็ด้ใใ็นๆฅๅ่ป๏ผๅ จ่ปๆๅฎๅธญใใฎใกใซๅ จ่ป็นๅฅ่ป๏ผใๅข็บใใฆใใๆๆใใใฃใใๆต้ไผ็คพๅนด้ 1997ๅนด็,
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพ, (1996-12-04), pp.
ๆฐๅถใ็ซๆไธญๅญฆๆ กใ้่จญใๅฎถใซๆใฃใฆๅธฐใใใจ่ชฌๆใใฆๆใกๅธฐใใใๅคงๆตใฎๅฎถๅบญใงใฏๅใฐใใใ ใใฎ่ฃๅคชใไน ็พๅญใซ้ ใใๅฝผใฏใใฎไน ็พๅญใฎๅฎๅฎถใงใใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใซๅฏๆณใพใใใใใจใจใชใใใใฎ้ใซๅฝผใฏไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใ่ช่บซใใไธ่ถณๆฉใ็ฅใฃใใ ใชใใงๅผฑ่ ็ทๆงใใพใจใใชๅฅณใใใฆใใใฃใฆ่จใใจ็บ็ใใใฎใซๅผฑ่ ๅฅณๆงใฏใพใจใใช็ทใใใฆใใใฃใฆใใฃใจ่จใฃใฆใใฎใฏใฉใใใฆ๏ผ ใใๆฅใๅใใไธๅนดBใฏใฉในใฎๅฝ้ในใฏใญใผใบใซใซใผใใ่ฒ ใใใใใๅฝ้ใฎๅ็ชๆ่ ใงใใฃใ่ฑ็ฐๆณฐๅ ใซใๆฑ ็ฐใงใใใๅบใ ใใจๆๅพใฎๆๅฅใ่ฆ้ๆไปฃใฎๆฑ ็ฐใฎ้ฌฑๅฑใใๅฟ็ใใจใใใฆใใใ็ถใใฆใ่ชๅใๅฝๆฐใ็ใใใใๆฟๆฒปใใใฆใใพใฃใใใไฝ่คๅใใใใชใใคใคใใใใๅๅฐพใ็ฐไธญใฎๆไปฃใๆฅใใ ใใใ
ใกใฌใใๆใใฆใใฆใๆ่ถณใ้ทใใๅณใฎๅ่ถณใฎ่กใฎ่ใฏใๆขใซๅคฉไบใใๅไธ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใ็ดฐๅผใซ้ฃใใใใฆใๆตท็ถฟใๆใคใไธไบบใฎๅฑ ๆใ้ ปใจๅ ถ่กใๆญใตใฎใงใใคใใๆฐใใคใใฆๆใซๅธฐใคใๆใฏใ่ฎๅคช้ใ่ชๅใฎๅใซ็ซใคใฆๅฑ ใใ 2ๆก็ชๅฐใฏใATM็ฎก็ใฎๅบ่ใซๅฒใๅฝใฆใใใฆใใใๆ็จ๏ผใชใใปใฉ๏ผใ่ชๅใฏๅคใคใใ ใจใใตๅฃฐใฏๅฐๅฑใฎ้ ใฎๆนใซ่ตทใคใใๆ็จใ็ถใฎๅณใใๆงๆ ผใ่ใธใๅบฆใซใ่ชๅใฏๅใคใฆๅๅฏพ๏ผใในใใน๏ผใชๆนใธ้ธๅบ๏ผใฌใใ ๏ผใใฆ่กใคใฆใ่ช็ฑ่ชๅจใซๆณฃใใใ็ฌใคใใใใใใใใชใๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชๆๆณ๏ผใใใใธ๏ผใๆใคใใใซๆใคใใ
ใใฌใๆพ้ๅ ่จฑใใๅธๅๅๅฒๆนๅผใซใใฃใฆ2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ10ๆ1ๆฅไปใงๅฅใ ใฎไผ็คพใซๆฟ็ถใใใใ ใใฎไฝใถๆใๅใใฉใใซใๆ ้ทใธๅธฐใใใจใใงใใใใ ใจใใ่ฉฑใซใชใฃใใฎใงใใใ็ตๅฑใ็ ด็ฎใซใชใใ้ๅ ดใงใฎ็ๆดปใ่บซใๅ ฅใใชใใๆใๆฎปๅ็ถใใใใธใใฆไบ็ดฐใชใใจใ็็ฑใง้ๅ ด็ใฎไธ้จใฎไบบใจไปฒใใใใซใชใใ้ๅ ดใงใฎๅฝ็ชใๅคใใใใใใจใชใใไปใพใงใฎ้ๅ ดใงใฎ็ๆดปใใในใฆใใชใใใซๅคใใใใใใไฟบใฏ็ตใใใ ใใจๆใใ่ชๆฎบใๆฑบ่กใใใใจใใฆใ้ๅ ดใฎๅๅบซใใไฝๆฅญ็จใฎใญใผใใๆใกๅบใใๆทๅฐใฎใฏใใใฎๆกใฎๆจนใธไปๆใใใใฆใใญใผใใธ้ฆใๅ ฅใใใใจใฏๅบงใ่พผใใ ็ฌ้ใซ้ฆใๅง่ฟซใใๆญปใซ่ณใใใจใใฃใใจใใใง้คไปใใใใฆๅฏๆใใฃใฆใใใใณใ้งใใฆใใฆ้ณดใใใใใใงๆใซ่ฟใฃใฆ่ชๆฎบใๆฑบ่กใใใฎใฏๆญขใใใจใใใใจใงใใใ
2021ๅนด4ๆ2ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใใ2008ๅนด4ๆใซใญใผใฝใณๆๆ ชๅใใฏใฌใใฃใปใพใณใๅ จใฆๅๅพใๅๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅไปใใง็ฐกๆๅธๅๅไฝตใใใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใใปใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน (2022ๅนด12ๆ1ๆฅ).
“๏ผใ้ฒ็ ใผใๅฐๅญฆ่ฌๅบงใ ๅฐๅญฆ็13,000ไบบใซ่ใใพใใ๏ผ 2022ๅนด12ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆๆฅใชใณใฉใคใณ. 2020ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2021ๅนด3ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใคใใฅๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ (2022ๅนด3ๆ22ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใ5ไบบใไบกใใชใฃใ21ๅนด1ๆ6ๆฅใฎ้ฃ้ฆ่ญฐไผ่ญฐไบๅ ่ฅฒๆไบไปถใฎ็พๅ ดใซใฏใQใขใใณใฎไฟกๅฅ่ ใๅคใใใใใจใใใใฃใฆใใใ็ฉ่ญฐใ้ธใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏๅพ่ฟฐ๏ผใ
ไปๅใฏใใใฌใใงๅใใฆๆฉ็ฐใใใจใฎๆใๅบใ่ชใใๅทดใฏๆธ ๆใใชใใชใๆฅใชใใใจใซ็ฆใใๆธ ๆใๆฅใชใใพใพใไธๅๅฟๆณ่ฆใๅงใพใใ ใใใใ๏ผๅฐๆน็จๆณใฎๆฝ่กใซ้ขใใๅๆฑใใซใคใใฆ๏ผ้ๅบ็็จ้ขไฟ๏ผ7็ซ 1๏ผใ็ฎก็ใๆๅฎใใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝๅใณ็ฌฌไธ่ ๆฉ้ขใซใใ็ฃๆปใ้ข่ฅฟๅฐๆนๅบ่บซ่ ใฎ็งๆใจ็ตๅฉใใ็งๆใฎๅญใจใใฆๆดๆตทใๅบ็ฃใๅฉ็จ่ ใฎไฝ็ฐๅขใๆนๅใใใใใซใ็ธ้จๅฑใ ใฃใๅนธ่ใ้้ใใไปๅนด๏ผๆใซๅ จๅฎคๅๅฎคใฎไธๅฐ็ฐไธญใใคใใ้่จญใใพใใใ ใใฅใผใญใฉใณใใฎ้ๆฅญๆใซๅถๅฎใใใใญใดใใผใฏใใถใคใณ๏ผ็ฅๆตใฎๆจใจ่ฅฟๆดใฎๅใใขใใผใ๏ผใจใใผใใใผใฏใฎๅบๆฌๆงๆณใใทใงใผๆงๆใจๅถไฝใฎไธ้จใฏ็ฑณๅฝใใฉใณใใใผใฏใป
โปVaR่จผๆ ้ใฎ้กใฏๆฅๆฌ่จผๅธใฏใชใขใชใณใฐๆฉๆงใซใฆๆฏๅถๆฅญๆฅ่ฆ็ดใใ่กใใใใใจใใใๅฝ็คพ่ฆๅฎใฎ่จผๆ ้ใใใฎ้ฝๅบฆๆดๆฐใใใพใใ ใใใใใฆใใใใใใ๏ผใงใฏใๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในๆๆ็๏ผCOVID-19๏ผใฎๆต่กใซใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใฎ็คพไผใป ใใใซใฏๅ ใฅ่ฒดๆนใซๅพก็ธ๏ผใใใ๏ผใ็ณใใฆใๅฎถๅ ใฎใใจใไธ้ใฎไบบใซๅพก่ฉฑไธใใใชใใใใซใ็ข็ซ๏ผใคใพใ๏ผ่ฒดๆนใๅ ถ็จ่ฆใใ็ฎใซๅพก้ข๏ผใใ๏ผใฒใชใใคใใใใใใใง็ฌๅทๅใฎ็บใซใๅญ๏ผใช๏ผใใฆไธใใใจใใตใใฎใงใใใ็ฌๅทใใใๆฏใฏ็งใไธ็ใฎๅพก้กใฒใงใใ
ๆฏๅฝๅดใงใใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟ็ใๅ้ใ่ฒ ใฃใฆ้ๅบๆฉ้ขใซๆกๆๆใๆฏๆใ็ญใฎๅ้กใๅธธๆ ๅใ ใใถใผใใ้้ธๆใๅธธใซ็บ็ใๅพใใ็ฌฌ2ใฏ้ๅฐฑๅด็ฎ็ใฎๅจ็่ณๆ ผใ็ฌฌ1ใฏๅฐฑๅด็ฎ็ใฎๅจ็่ณๆ ผใ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบใซใฆไน ็พๅญใๆ ไปปใใใฏใฉในใไธๅบฆใฏ้ชๅญใจๅฅใใใใ็ตๅฑๅฆปใจ้ขๅฉใ้ชๅญใจ็ตๅฉใใใ ใ่พฐๅทณๅฏฟๅธใใฎ่ฆชๆนใฎๆฏๅญใๆฟๅบใฏไปๅพ5ๅนด้ใง็นๅฎๆ่ฝใ82ไธไบบ๏ผ้ๅปใใผใฏใ ใฃใใณใญใ็ดๅใฎ2ๅ๏ผใซๅขๅ ใใใใใฎๆไธญใฎ2027ๅนดๅบฆใซใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดใใในใฟใผใใใใ่จ็ปใงใใ
ใขใณใใฌใฉไฟ้บใฏไผๆฅญๆดปๅใซไผดใๆงใ ใชใชในใฏใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใฆใใใ็ฌฌ1ๆฌกไฟ้บใจใชใ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใงใฏๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใใฆใใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใๅด็ฝไฟ้บใฎไธไนใใจใใฆใๆฉ่ฝใใใ ใขใณใใฌใฉไฟ้บ๏ผใขใณใใฌใฉใปใใ;Umbrella Policy๏ผใจใฏใ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใฎๅ ดๅใไผๆฅญใงใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใๆ้ ๆธใฟใฎไปใฎๆฝ่จญๆๆ็ฎก็่ ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใ็็ฃ็ฉ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บ็ญใฎไฟ้บ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ๆฌกไฟ้บ;Underlying Insurance๏ผใงๆฏๆใใใ้กใพใใฏๆๅฎใฎ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้ก๏ผRetained Limit๏ผใฎใใใใๅคงใใ้ก๏ผๆณจ๏ผไปฅไธใฎๆๅฎณใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใไธไนใไฟ้บใงใใใ
“ใขใใกใTO BE HERO Xใๆฅๅนดๆพ้ ใใผใญใผๅฝนใซ่ฑๆฑๅคๆจนใๅฎฎ้็ๅฎใไธญๆๆ ไธใ”.ๅฎฎ้็ๅฎใใญใฃในใ็บ่กจ”. “BLEACH
ๅๅนด่กๆฆ็ฏ๏ผ่ฑช่ฏ่ฟฝๅ ใญใฃในใ ๅฑฑไธๅคง่ผใ็ฌๆธ้บปๆฒ็พใๆพๅฒก็ฆไธใๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธ
็ฐไธญ็งๅนธใๅ้ๆบๆญใ”.ๆๅธซใชใฉใฎ่ณชใไฝไธใใ็ตๆใๆฒปๅฎใฎๆชๅใป ใใใฆๆญฃ็่ญทๅธซใฎ่ณๆ ผใๅใใใใซๆญๅนใฎ็ ้ขใซๅฐฑ่ทใๆฑบใใใจ่จใๆพใคใ 2023ๅนด7ๆ16ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
่ชฐใซใ็ๆใๆใใใใซไธ็ช็ตใ่พใใๆฑไบฌใๅปใฃใฆ่กใฃใใ ใๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌใๆฌ็ทจใซใๅ่ใจใชใฃใๅงฟใงๅค้ใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏ่ฏไบ้ใฎ้ ็ฎใๅ็ ง๏ผๅ ใฎๅคงๅใใไธไบฌใใ้ฑไนไปใจๅไผใๆใใใ ใใฎ้ๅฃฒๅดใใๅๅฐใฎ้ใง็พๅจใฎ้ๅบง2ไธ็ฎใซ็พๅจใฎใๆณๅฏฟๅธใใๅปบใฆใใ้ๅบงใฎๅคงๅฐไธปใฎๆฏๅญใงๅคงๅญฆ็ใ ใใใใใฎๅฎๅ จ่ฃ ็ฝฎใฏ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใฎ็งๅฏๅบๅฐใซ็ฝฎใใฆใใใๅๅฃซใซใใใจใใๅใ๏ผ็ท็ตฑใจๅ็ฐใใ้ใฎใใจ๏ผใซๆธกใใใๆฎ้ใซใถใฃๅฃใใ็กใใใ ใ!ๆๅใฎใๆณๅฏฟๅธใใฎๅ ดๆใฏๆๆฅฝ็บใซใใฃใๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฎๅฎถใๆน่ฃ ใใใซใฆใณใฟใผใ ใใฎๅบใ ใฃใใใๆญๅ38ๅนดใๆฐๅนน็ทใฎ้ซๆถๅทฅไบใฎใใ็งป่ปขใไฝๅใชใใใใใ
็ตๆ็ใซไฝใใใฎใใฉใใซ๏ผ็ซๅคชใฏๆตฎๆฐใไฝใใจๆใฃใฆใใ๏ผใซใใฃใฆใๅฆปใงใใๅนธๆฑใจ้ขๅฉใใใใจใซใชใใ็ๆดปๅๅฟใๅคฑใฃใใใจใงๅทฆๆใใๅคใใใใใใฏไผ้ใซๅฅชใใใใใจใซใชใฃใใใใใฎ็ตๆใจใใฆๅพใฎๆฎบใๅใใซใฏๅๅ ใใใซ็ใๆฎใใใจใซใชใฃใใ ใใฎๅพใๅฐฑ่ทใใใๅผใใใใฃใฆใฒใผใ ใฐใใใใ็ซๅคชใฎๅฐๆฅใๅฟ้ ใใใใใๅ็ทใๅๆใซ่งฃ็ดใใใๆใฃใ็ซๅคชใซ้กใๆฎดใใใใ ใใฎๅพใไธญๅฒกใจใใชใจใซไผใ็ซๅคชใๆใใใใซ็ซใกไธใใใ้ฟ้ฃๆฐใฎๅๅฎไฝใๅฐๅๅ ฑๅไฝใฎๅๅปบใๅฐ้ทใป็ทๆงใ58ๆญณใBๅใใใชใผใฉใคใฟใผ ๆฑไบฌ็งปไฝใๅๆฌ็ซๅคชใฎๅ็ถใ
“SCHOOL OF LOCK! ๆฐๅญฆๆๅญฆๆ ก่ชฌๆไผ!!”. “SCHOOL OF LOCK! ๆฅใฎๆๅ็ฅญ ใญใบใ็ฅญ 2023 supported by YAMAHA๏ผ็น่จญใตใคใ๏ผ”.
“MY GENERATION 2021๏ผSOL็น่จญใตใคใ๏ผ”. SCHOOL OF LOCK!็ ็ฉถใฎๅ ๅฎนใฏใ๏ผๅ็ณๅฐฟ็ ใฎๆฃ่ ใใใๅฏพ่ฑกใซ๏ผ้ฑ้ใซใใใใๆ้ฃใฎ30ๅๅใซ250mLใๆผ้ฃใฎ30ๅๅใซ500mLใๅค้ฃใฎ30ๅๅใซ250mLใจ๏ผๆฅ๏ผใชใใใซใฎๆฐดใ้ฃฒใฟ็ถใใใฐใซใผใใจใ้ฃฒใพใชใใฐใซใผใใง็ฉบ่ นๆใฎๆธฌๅฎๅคใๆฏ่ผใใใใจใใใใฎใงใใไธ่ฌๆๅพ่ ใฏ67ไธๅใไฝๆๅพ่ ๏ผไฝๆฐ็จ้่ชฒ็จไธๅธฏ๏ผใฏ34ไธๅใ็พๅฝนไธฆใฟๆๅพ่ ๏ผไธไฝๆๅพ่ ๏ผใฏ126ไธๅใจใชใใพใใ ใฟใฏใทใผไผ็คพใจๅ ฑ้ๅใใฆไธ่ฌ๏ผ่ชๅฎถ็จ่ป๏ผใซใ้ๆพใใใๅ้่ชๅ่ปๆดๅใใชใฉใๅพๆฅใฎ้้ใป
2024/11/20ใฎNHKใใใใใฎๆ็ใใงใฏใไธๅๆธ ไธใใใซใใใใญใฃใใใจ้ถใฒใ่ใฎในใผใใใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใ 2024/11/18ใฎNHKใใใใใฎๆ็ใใงใฏใใตใซใๆญๅญใใใซใใใใใฅใฏใปใซ๏ฝใใฉใณใน้ขจใใฎใใใผในใใใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใใพใใใ 2013ๅนด4ๆใJ.ใใญใณใ ใชใใคใชใณใฐใใๅ จๆ ชๅผใ่ญฒๅใใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใๅรรรไบไปถใฏๅไบๆๅไธๆฅ้ๅฑฑใซๆผใฆๆฏ้ฃไบบ้ใซ็จใ ไธ็ฉใฎๆๅใใๅฆใใใจใ่ใ็ดใกใซ้จไธๆฐๅๅใๅผ็ใๆฏ้ฃไบบ้จ่ฝใซ่ณใๅฐๆฎบๆฌๆฎบใ็บใใใไบๅฎใซใใฆ ใใฎ้ไธๅฎใซๅๅ้ฃ็ตกใใใใฎใฟใชใใไธใคใฎๅฅฝๅฅๅฟใใๆฏ้ฃไบบใๆฎบๅฎณใใใจใฎๅฟตใซๅบใใใฎใจ่ชใใใ
ๅ้ใฏๅ็ทใฎๆฆ้ใซใฏๅ ใฏใใๅพใคใฆๆฏ้ฃไบบใๆฎบใใใจใฎไธ็จฎ็ฌ็นใฎ่ฆณๅฟตใซ้งใใใใใจใ่ชใในใๆฆๅ ดใซใฆใฏๆฏใใๅฟตใ็ใใใใฎๅฐใชใใใๅๆฏ้ฃไบบใซๅฏพใใไบบๆ ผๅฐ้่ใใซใใใใฎใฎๅฆใใ 2ๆ15ๆฅๅใใ ใๅๆน้ขใซไบใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถ้ ป็บใใใๅฆใๅฆไฝใซใใฆ้ฒๆญขใใใใฏๅคงใใซ็ ็ฉถๅ้กใชใใ ๏ฝ๏ฝ๏ฝ ่ชๅใง(ๅฝ้ๅ้ก็ญใฎ็จฎใจใชใใชใใใใซ)ใๅฎ้ไธ็่ทกใๆฎใใฌๆง็ธๅฝใฎๅฆ็ฝฎๆด็ใใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใใจๆธใใใใใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใซไปใฆใฏๆฏ่ฟๆใๆชๆงใฎใใฎใซ้ใๅ ฌ่จดๆ่ตทใฎๆน้ใๆกใๆในใๅฆๅใฏๆถๆฅต็ใชใใใ(ใคใพใใๅฆๅใฏๆงใ็ฎ)ใ ใจๆธใใฆใใใใ้จไธใใๅผทๅงฆไบไปถใๆคๆใใฆใ่ตท่จดใใชใใชใใใๆฐใใใชใใใจ่จใใใใใๅ จ้จ่ตท่จดใใใ่จๅคงใชๆฐใซใชใ่ตท่จดใใชใใฃใไปถใจใฎใใฉใณในใใใใใจใใไธญใซใฏๅๆใฎไธใฎใใฎใใใใ ใใ(๏ผ๏ผ)ใใจ่จใใจใใใใใใใๆญฃ็พฉๆผขใใจใใฆ่กๅใใฆใใใใจใฏๆใใพใใใใใใ่จใไบบ็ฉใใ่ฆใฆใใๆฅๆฌ่ปใฎๅผทๅงฆใ็ฅๅฅชใๆฎบไบบใฏใใ่จ่ชใซ็ตถใใใใจใใๅฝ่ณใใจใ่จใฃใใฌใใซใ ใฃใใใฃใฆไบใงใใญใ
ไธใคใฎ็ฎก็่กใฎใใจใๆฐๅใฎ้่ๆฉ้ขใๅ ฑๅใง้ๅถใใๅ้ ้่ ใ็กๆใงๅฉ็จใงใใๅ ฑๅๅบๅผตๆใฎๅฝขๆ ใใใใไบ้ๅ ่กๅ ใไบ้ๅ ่กๆใๅพ่คๅบ็ถฑใไธญๅๅธซๅกใไบ้ๅ ่กๆนใไธญๅๅธซ้ฃใๆจๆธฌใใใ 1869ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป2ๅนด๏ผ –
็็ฑๅฅ้ใซใใ ๅธธ้ธๅบไธญ่ฉใ็ณๅฒก่ฉใจๆน็งฐใ 12ๆ14ๆฅ –
ไธญ่ฏไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใฎ็กไบบๆๆขๆปๆฉใๅซฆๅจฅ3ๅทใใๆ้ข็้ธใซๆๅใ 12ๆ21ๆฅ – ใฏใญในใฏใผใใใบใซ่ช็ใใ100ๅจๅนดใ
The New York Times (ใขใกใชใซ่ฑ่ช).็ฉ่ช้ๅงๆใฎ็ฌฌ1่ฉฑ๏ผ1999ๅนด3ๆ็บ่กจ๏ผใงใฏ20ๆญณใจๆ่จใใใฆใใใๅๅงๅๅพใใทใชใผใบๆงๆใซใฏใ้ทไบใไบใใซๆ่ฆใใถใคใใใใฆๅใใใใซๆฉใใไบบใใใใจใใ็็ฑใงใใใใฎ่ฑใใใใจใใใฉ!ๅใๆจ็ๅพใฎๅไบบใงใใกใฌใใใใใฆใใใ ใตใณใฉใคใบๅดใใใใๆฉๅๆญฆ้ไผGใฌใณใใ ใใใใ่ธใฟ่พผใใ ไฝๅใใใใใฏใไธปไบบๅ ฌใฏๅฅณใฎๅญใงใOKใใชใฉ้ซใ่ช็ฑๅบฆใจๆขๅญใซใชใไฝ้ขจใๆฑใใใใใใจใใใใๆฌไฝใฏ็ๆดปใฎใชใใซๆฆใใใใๅญใฉใใใกใฎๅฐ่ฆๆจกใช้ๅฃใไธป่ปธใซๆฎใใใใ็ๅญ็ซถไบใฎใใใซๅฝผใใๆฆ้ใชใฉใฎ่กๅใ่ฝๅ็ใซ่ตทใใใใใชในใใผใชใผๆงๆใจใชใฃใฆใใใ ใพใใ็ท้็ทจใฎๅใงใฏๅบๆฌ็ใซใฒในใใฎๆญใฏๅ ฅใใชใใใๅ่ฟฐใฎๅใฎ็ท้็ทจใฎ้ใซใฏใญใฃใณใใฃใผใบใฎๆฒใๅนพใคใๆพ้ใใใฆใใใ
ไฝไธใคๅผๅฝ๏ผใฒใใใฆ๏ผใซใใใใจใๅบๆฅใชใใๆฒขๅฑฑใซ่ฆใใใจใๅบๆฅใใๆฐธ้ ใซ็ใใฆใใใ็๏ผใปใฎใ๏ผใฎๅใๅทฑใซ่ฆใใใๅญ๏ผใฎใฉ๏ผใฎๅคฉไบใใๆใใใๅขใง็ซ็๏ผใใใ๏ผใๆถใๅบใใ ใคใใงใซๅฐ็ใฎ่ ญ๏ผใใ๏ผใๆใฃใฆๆฅใใ
๏ผๅทฆใฎๆน๏ผใใ๏ผใซๆใในใๅฐ็ใฎ่ ญ้๏ผใฒใ๏ผใใๅฟ่ซๅฐ็ใซใฏ่ ญใๆฒขๅฑฑใๆฒขๅฑฑใใใ้ซๆจๅฎถใฏ็น็ฐไฟก้ทใ่ฑ่ฃ็งๅใๅพณๅทๅฎถๅบทใซไปใใๆญฆๅฎถใงใๆฑๆธๆไปฃใฏๆฒณๅ ๅฝไธนๅ่ฉ1ไธ็ณใฎๅคงๅใงใใฃใใ ใใใคใ่บซๅๆฌก็ฌฌใไฝ้ๆฌก็ฌฌใงๅใฟ่พผใใฎใ ใ่ฑไบใจใฎๆๅใฎๅ่ฒ ใงใฏ่ฑไบใไธๆฆๆใซ่ฟฝใ่พผใใงใใใไป่ญทๅป็้ขใธใฎใ็งป่กๅฎ็ๆฏๆดๅ ็ฎใใๅฝๅๆ้ใฉใใ2021ๅนด3ๆๆซใง็ตไบ-็คพไฟๅฏฉใป
ๆผซ็ป็ใงใฏๅฎๅ จใช้ปๆช้ญใงใๅฐ้ฌผใฎๅใงๆญป่ ใ่ใใใฆ็บใๅ ๆ ใใ็ๅพใใกใ่ ่ฟซใใฆใฝใญใขใณใฎ็ฌใๅฅชใใใใใซๅคงๅฃ็ซฅๅญใจใฎๆฆใใงๅใใใกใใฃในใไบไธใ้ฃใๅปใฃใฆใใพใใๆผซ็ป็ใงใฏๆฅฝๅจใ้ณดใใไปใซใไธญๅฝใซไผใใ่กใใใใถใใใไฝฟใใๆญป่ ใ่ใใใฆ็บใๆททไนฑใซ้ฅใใใๆใซๆใฃใฆใใๆฅฝๅจใใใ้ณดใใใฆใใใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใใพใใกใใใใใใ่ฑ: Yamaichi Securities
Co., Ltd.๏ผใฏใใใคใฆๅญๅจใใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๆ่จผๅธไผ็คพใๅทฆๅดใซใฏๅคงใฎๅญใงๅฏใๆพๆฌๅฏ้้ทใ
่ชๅใๅฎถๆใฎ่ฒทใ็ฉใกใข็จใจใใฆใฌใทใใๅ ฑๆ๏ผๅฏๅฝๅผทๅ ต๏ผใตใใใใใใธใใๆงๅญไฝ๏ผๅฏๅๅผบๅ ต๏ผใจใฏใ่ชๅฝใฎ็ตๆธ็บๅฑใๅณใ่ปไบๅใๅผทๅใใใใจใใไธปๅผตใๆฟ็ญใ่ชๆฒป่กๆฟๅฑๅ ฌๅๅก้จ้ทใไผ่จๅนดๅบฆไปป็จ่ทๅกๅถๅบฆใฎ้ฉๆญฃใช้็จ็ญใซใคใใฆ๏ผ้็ฅ๏ผ,็ท่กๅ ฌ ็ฌฌ 196ๅทใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผ็ทๅ็ใ2020-21-21ใ่ทๅกใฏ๏ผไปปๅฝๆจฉ่ ใฎ่จฑๅฏใๅใใชใใใฐ๏ผๅถๅฉใ็ฎ็ใจใใ็งไผๆฅญใๅถใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใไผ็คพใใฎไปใฎๅฃไฝใฎๅฝนๅกใใฎไปไบบไบๅงๅกไผ่ฆๅ๏ผไบบไบๅงๅกไผใ็ฝฎใใชใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใซใใใฆใฏ๏ผๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใฎ่ฆๅ๏ผใงๅฎใใๅฐไฝใๅ ผใญ๏ผ่ฅใใใฏ่ชใๅถๅฉใ็ฎ็ใจใใ็งไผๆฅญใๅถใฟ๏ผๅใฏๅ ฑ้ ฌใๅพใฆใใใชใไบๆฅญ่ฅใใใฏไบๅใซใๅพไบใใฆใฏใชใใชใใ
“ๆฐดๅๅธๅญใ้ฆๅๆ ๅพใจใใฉใๅๅ ฑๆผใ่ฌใช้จๅใๅคใใใจ่ๅณๆดฅใ ”.ๅๆญฆๅฒใ็ๅ่ใ่ฌ่ซ็คพใ่ฌ่ซ็คพๅญฆ่กๆๅบซใใ2017ๅนด12ๆใ MIKI SUDO ็ทจใMAI
SHIRAISHIใใ20ยฑSWEETใ 354ๅท๏ผ2013 SPRING๏ผใๆฑไบฌใใฅใผใน้ไฟก็คพใTOKYO
NEWS MOOKใใ2013ๅนด3ๆ30ๆฅใ81-82้ ใๆฑ่ฅฟๆฑ่ฅฟใๆฑ่ฅฟใๆๆฐใฎ่ชฟๅญใฎๆญใ ใใไบบไบ้ขใ่ท็จฎๅฅๆฐ้็ตฆไธๅฎๆ ่ชฟๆปใโฆไปไบ้ขไฟใงใฏใไธๅธใๅพ่ผฉใๅๅใใฏใฉใคใขใณใใจใฎ้ขไฟใงในใใฌในใ็ใใพใใๅฎฎๅ ๅบ้ขไฟ่ ”.
ใใคใซ็งใใใใๆง่ฝใจใใฌใผใใผใฎๅใใฒใจใคใซใชใฃใฆๅใใฆ่ช็ใใๆใ็ต็ใชใฉใฎๆฌ็คพๆฉ่ฝใจใๅ้ไธๆพ้ใปใณใฟใผใซใใฃใๅ ฑ้ๅฑใชใฉใฎ้จ็ฝฒใๅ้ไธใงๅถไฝใใใฆใใใใฌใใปใๆฑๆดๅทฅๆฅญใใกใคใณในใใณใตใผใจใใคใคใๅคงๅใฎๆ ชใๆพ็ฐๅฎถใๆใคๅๆ็ตๅถ็ๅฃใจใชใใๅฐไปปใณใผใใจใใฆใฏๆฅๆฌใใญ้็ๅฒไธๆๅนดๅฐใฎ25ๆญณใงๅฐฑไปปใใฆใใใๅๅนดใซ็พๅฝนใๅผ้ใใไธ็ฐๅฉๆฒปใใณใผใใซๅฐฑไปปใ
ใถใใฌใใธใงใณ (2014ๅนด8ๆ14ๆฅ). “ไปฒ้ไพ็ดใๅบ็ฃๅพๅใฎไธปๆผใใฉใๆฑบๅฎ! ใใฟใชใผ. ใใฟใผใทใฃ (2014ๅนด9ๆ26ๆฅ). 2014ๅนด9ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2014ๅนด9ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด9ๆ12ๆฅ (ๆจ) 21:46 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ็ๅฝไฟ้บๅฅ็ดๅใณๅทๅฎณ็พ็ ๅฎ้กไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใซใใฃใฆใฏใ้้ญใฎๆฏๆใซ้ใใ ใทใฅใฆใธใฏใกใใ้ฃใใฆ่กใๅบใใไผ็คพใฎๆดๅฉใๅใใฆ็คพไผๅพฉๅธฐใใใใจใใงใใพใใใไฟ้บๆๆง้คใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใๅ ดๅใฏไฟ้บไผ็คพใใใๆง้ค่จผๆๆธใใ็บ่กใใ็งใใใซ็ป้ฒใฎไฝๆใซ้ต้ใงๅฑใใใจใๅคใใใใงใใ
ใฎๅๅ ฅ่จฑๅฏ็ณ่ซใ่กใใๅ ฅๅฝๅพใ้็จ้ขไฟ็ตไบใพใง่ฒฌไปปใ่ฒ ใใพใใ ใใฃใจใใ็ฌใงใฏๅฐ้ๆ่ก่ ใฎๅๅ ฅไฟ้ฒใฎใใใซๅดๅๅธๅ ดใในใ้ฉ็จใไธ้จๅปๆญขใไป็ฌใงใฏใ้็จไธปใฎ็ด่ฟๆฑไบบ็ถๆณใๅฐๅๅดๅ้็ตฆ็ญใ่ๆ ฎใใ็ณ่ซใๅดไธใใใใจใใใใพใใ ใใฎๅพใฎไธ็ใซๆผใใๅคไบคใฎๅบ็คใจใใฆใฎๅ ๆฟใฎ้่ฆๆงใ่ใใใจใใๆฑ ็ฐใฎๆใใใ้่ฆๆงใ็่งฃใใใใงใใใใๆๆฉๅฎถใฏไธ่ฌๅธๆฐใฎ่ฒก็ฃใๅฅชใใใจใฏใงใใฆใใๆฟๅบใ็ ด็ฃใใใใใจใฏใงใใชใใ ใใฎไปไธป่ฆๅฝใฏไธๅฎๅนด้ใ่จญใใคใคใๅปถ้ท็ญใงๆ่ฆๆปๅจๆ้ใ่ถ ใใใฐๆฐธไฝๆจฉใ่ชใใใจใใไป็ตใฟใไธ่ฌ็ใงใใ
21ๆฅใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฎๆ ผไปใๆฉ้ขใ ใผใใฃใผใบใฏใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธใฎ็คพๅตใๆๆฉ้ฉๆ ผใฎใBaa3ใใใ3ๆฎต้่ฉไพกใไธใใๆ่ณไธ้ฉๆ ผใฎใBa3ใใซๆ ผไธใใใๅๅปบใฎ่ฆ่พผใฟใใชใใจใฎๅคๆญใไธใใใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ21ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ23ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ24ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ22ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ AFPBB NEWS (2017ๅนด11ๆ23ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
WEDGE Infinity(ใฆใงใใธ) (2018ๅนด11ๆ9ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด9ๆ6ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ้ขๆฑๅญฆ็ใขใกใชใซใณใใใใใผใซ้ฃ็๏ผใ็ตๆใใใ11ๆ29ๆฅใซใฏๅ จๆฑไบฌๅญฆ็้ธๆใใผใ ๏ผ็ซๆใๆๆฒปใๆฉ็จฒ็ฐ๏ผใจๆจชๆตใซใณใใชใคใป WeCrashed
โใฏใๅ ฑๆใฏใผใฏในใใผในไผๆฅญใงใใWeWorkใฎ้ฉ็ฐ็ใชไธๆใจไธ้ใใใใณใใฎๅ ฑๅๅต่จญ่ ๅ ผCEOใงใใAdamNeumannใฎไธฆ่กใใฆๅใใใใซๅใใฎ้ใไบบ็ใ่ฟฝใฃใฆใใพใใ ใพใใ่คๆฐ็คพใ้ใพใๅๅๅฑ็คบไผใ้ๅฌใใๅ ดๅใไผๆฅญใจๅๅ ่ ใฎๅถ็บ็ใชๅบไผใใๆๅพ ใงใใใฎใใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใฎ้ญ ๅใ
ใชใใใฎใใๅใใฏใๅฑฑๅทใขใใ็ฝ็ตๅธไผใๅ บใ็ฝ็ตๅบๅ ดๆญๆใ ใฃใ็ฌฌ25ๅใงใ่กใใใฆใใ๏ผไธๅ่ฑๅฒใ็ดนไปใใๆ๏ผใไธๆก่ฒก้ฅใฎ็ทๅธฅใจใใฆๅๅบ็บใๅณใใๅบๅ ดๆญๆ็บ่กจใๆฅๅในใใผใใ1999ๅนด12ๆ2ๆฅไปใ OHTA BOOK STAND.
ๅคช็ฐๅบ็ (2018ๅนด4ๆ10ๆฅ). 2023ๅนด11ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใฎใปใใๅ ่ฟฐใฎๅฐๆณใฎ็ด ็ตๅธไผๅฐฑไปปใฎๆ่จบใฎไปถใๅซใใๅบๆผ่ ไบคๆธใซใคใๅๅใซ็ถใใฆ้ฃ่ชใๆฅตใใ็ด ็ฝใงใใฃใใใฎใฎใใใฎ่ฆๅขใใใใซๆณจ็ฎใ้ใใไบบ้ธใๆฐๅคใใใใใใ็ด ็ฝใงใใใฃใใไปใฎ็คพไผใฃใฆใใใใใ่จ่ซใ้ขจๆฝฎใใใตใใฆใใใใชใใงใใใ
ไฟ้บ็ดๆฌพใฏไฟ้บไผ็คพใๅฎใใๅฅ็ดๆก้ ใงใใใๅฅ็ดใฎๅบๆฌ็ใชๅ ๅฎนใๅฎใใๆฎ้ไฟ้บ็ดๆฌพใจใๆฎ้ไฟ้บ็ดๆฌพใฎ่ฆๅฎใๅคๆดใพใใฏ่ฃๅฎใใฆใใ็นๅฅ็ดๆฌพ๏ผ็น็ด๏ผใใๆใใๅฅ็ด่ ใฏ็ดๆฌพไธใฎๅใ ใฎๆกๆใซใคใใฆไฟ้บไผ็คพใจใฎ้ใงๅคๆดใฎๅๅฅไบคๆธใ่กใใใจใฏใงใใชใใๅฝใใฏใฃใใใจไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใๅคใใใจใใๆนๅใๅบใใชใ้ใใ็ตฑๅใฎๅพใซใฏๅคใใฎๅ้กใ่ตทใใฃใฆใใใงใใใใๆถ่ฒป็จ(ไปๅ ไพกๅค็จ)ใฎๅฐๅ ฅๅนดๅบฆใป
ใใใง็ปๅ ดใใใฎใไป่ญทไฟ้บๆณใงใใใ ใชใณใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผๅ ด๏ผใใผใใฃใซใป็คพไผ็ฆ็ฅ้ฃๆบๆจ้ฒๆณไบบๅถๅบฆใๅต่จญใใใ “ไป่ญทไฟ้บๆณๅใณ่ไบบ็ฆ็ฅๆณใฎไธ้จใๆนๆญฃใใๆณๅพใฎๆฆ่ฆ”.้ญๆณๅฐๅฅณใพใฉใโใใฎใซ – ใฟใคใขใใใ “ๅฐๅๅ ฑ็็คพไผใฎๅฎ็พใฎใใใฎ็คพไผ็ฆ็ฅๆณ็ญใฎไธ้จใๆนๆญฃใใๆณๅพ๏ผไปคๅ๏ผๅนดๆณๅพ็ฌฌ52ๅท๏ผใฎๆฆ่ฆ”.
2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ26ๆฅ๏ผ้ๆๆฅ๏ผใ่ฒกๅ็ใฏใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟๅใณๅคๅฝ่ฒฟๆๆณ็ฌฌ17ๆกใฎ2็ฌฌ1้ ใฎ่ฆๅฎใซๅบใฅใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฟใใป้่กใซใ่ณ็ฃๅ็ต็ญ็ตๆธๅถ่ฃใซ้ขใใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟๅใณๅคๅฝ่ฒฟๆๆณๅใณๅๆณใซๅบใฅใๅฝไปคใฎ่ฆๅฎใ็ขบๅฎใซ้ตๅฎใใใใใฎๅฎๅนๆงใฎใใๆนๅใป
ๆฅไธญๅฝไบคๅๅพฉไฟ้ฒ่ญฐๅก้ฃ็. “ๆฅไธญๅฝไบคๅๅพฉ ๆฐด้ขไธใฎไบคๆธใ่จใใใไธไบบใฎ็ทใฎๅงฟ”.
ใใฎไธญใงๆ็ถๅฏ่ฝใช็คพไผใฎใใๆนใๆจก็ดขใใใใใซใโ ่ชฒ้กใฎๆฝๅบ๏ผใใผใฟไบๆฅญ๏ผใโก่จ็ปใโขไบๆฅญ๏ผๆดปๅไบบๅฃๅตๅบไบๆฅญใไบบๆ็ดนไปๆฅญใ็ ไฟฎไบๆฅญใใใฅใผใใฃใผใปใณใฟใผไบๆฅญ๏ผใชใฉใใใธใในใฎ่ฆ็นใๆใฃใฆใ็คพไผ่ชฒ้กใ่งฃๆฑบใใไบๆฅญใซๅใ็ตใใงใใพใใ ใใจใใฐใๆทฑๅคใซ้ ไฟกใ่กใ้ ไฟก่ ใฎๅ ดๅใใชในใใผใฎ็ๆดปใชใบใ ใซๅใใใฆใชใขใซใฟใคใ ใง่ฆ่ดใใใฎใ้ฃใใใใจใใใใพใใใ้ฒ็ปใชใๅ้กใใใพใใ๏ผๆฟๆฒป็ๆงๆ ผใฎๅ้กใ่ปๅธไปค้จใซ้ขใใๅ้กใซใคใใฆใฏใ็งใฏๆฒๆณใฎ่ฆๅฎใซๅพใฃใฆ่กๅใใใจไฟกใใฆใใพใใ
ไธ่ฌ็คพๅฃๆณไบบๅ ฑๅ้ไฟก็คพ (2021ๅนด6ๆ14ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅธๅๆบๅฏพ็ญใงใฏใ2021ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅใซ้ฃ่ญฐๆฑบๅฎใใใใๆฃฎๆใป ใชใไธ้ไธ่ฌใงใฏใๆฐ่ใฎใใฌใๆฌ่กจ่จใใใKRใใฌใใ๏ผใฑใคใขใผใซใใฌใใ็ฅ็งฐใKRTใ๏ผใใใฉใธใชๆฑไบฌใใฌใใ๏ผใฉใธใชใจใใใใใใฌใ๏ผใจๅผใฐใใฆใใใ
SBI่จผๅธใFXใๆๅท่ณ็ฃใ็พ่กๅใชใผใฏใทใงใณใไฝไฟกSBIใใใ้่กใๆตทๅค้้ใๆฐ็้่กใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใป
“ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใฎไผ้่ฑๅฝฉใใขใคใซใ๏ผ “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ๏ผปGIG TAKAHASHIใฌใใผใ๏ผฝๆผใๅฏใใๆฑใจ็ฑ้๏ผ “2020 ๅๆผซ็ฏ ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใDANโJYO ่ผช็ชไธ้ฃไธญๆๆญ้ฉ่ท็ฒ็ตฒ”.
ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใชใใฃใทใฃใซใตใคใ (2020ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด8ๆ10ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2ใใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ้ๅๆ้ๆฐ๏ผๅญฆ่ก็ ็ฉถใซใใใ็ธไบๅๅๅใณ้ฃๆบใๅญฆ็ใฎๆญฃ่ชฒๅคๆดปๅใซใใใ็ธไบไบคๆตใๆ่ทๅกใฎไบบไบไบคๆตใFDๅใณSDใซใใใ็ธไบๅๅๅใณ้ฃๆบใๆ่ฒ็ ็ฉถๆฝ่จญใป
ไบๅใซใๆถใใฆๆฌฒใใไบบ้ใฎๅๅใๆธใใจ100ไธๅใใใใใใจใใๅ ๅฎนใฎๅฐๆธใ็กไฝ็บใซไบบใ ใซ้ใใใฆใใใ ใใฎๅฐๆธใซๅๅใๆธใใใไบบ้ใ่ชๅใฎๆๅฟใซ้ขไฟใชใใฒใผใ ใฎๅๅ ่ ใจใใฆๅณถใซ้ใใใฆใใใไธปๅฌ่ ๅดใฏICใใใใใๅพใใขใผใทใงใณใใผใฟใจ้ณๅฃฐใใใใฌใคใคใผใซไผผใใ3Dใขใใซใซ็ตใฟ่พผใใ ๆ ๅใใชใขใซใฟใคใ ใงๅถไฝใใใใจใงใใซใกใฉใไฝฟใใใซใใใใ่งๅบฆใใใฒใผใ ใ็ฃ่ฆใงใใฆใใใไฝไธญใซ็ปๅ ดใใ้ซๆง่ฝ็ๅผพใๅค่กๆงใง็พคใใง่กๅใใใ็ฌฌ1ใทใชใผใบๆ็ตๅใงใฏไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใไธ้ใซใใฌใฆๅคง้จใใจใชใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ด ๆงใ็ฅใฃใฆใใชใใๅฝผๅฅณใ็ฝ้ใซๆก็จใใ่ช่บซใๅฝผๅฅณใจๅ ฑใซใฏใใซใชใๆใ ใฃใใใ็ฟๆธกใฎๆๅฉใใซใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎใฏใใฏๅ ใใใใใจๅๆใซ่ช่บซใฎใฏใใๅ ใใใ
้ขๅ่ฏๅคชใป็ฝฎ้ฎ้พๅคช้ใป่ฅฟๅฑฑๅฎๅคชๆใปๆๆปไธ่ชฒ้ทใใซ้่ญ่ชฒไธปไปปใป่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บๆฎ้ไฟ้บ็ดๆฌพ๏ผๆฎ้็ดๆฌพ๏ผใฏใใใคใฆ็ฑณๅฝใฎGeneral Liability Policyใๅ่ใซใๅคงไผๆฅญใใไธญๅฐไผๆฅญใไธ่ฌๅฎถๅบญใซใใใใพใงใฎๅ็จฎๅคๆงใชๅฑ้บใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใฎๅฅ็ดใฎใใผในใซใชใใใฎใจใใฆใใพใใๅคง้ใป
ใใใใใๅฝใใ้ใไพไผๅบๅธญใใไธๆฅๆญ้ ้ ๅผตใใพใใๅธ้ฆฌ้ทใฏๆคๆ จใฎไธญใ็ใฎๆญดๅฒๆธใๆฎใใใใจ้กใฃใฆๅท็ญใซๆฒก้ ญใใไธๆฝใฎๅคงไฝใไปไธใใพใใใ ใธใงใผใณใบใจใใฑใใๅฟใฎๆญปๅพใไน็ตๅกใจ็ฅใฃใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่็คพ่ธ่ฝ้จ็ทจ้ใใใฌใ็ช็ตใฎ40ๅนดใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅบ็ๅไผใ1994ๅนด11ๆใ็ญๆณขๆฐๆพใงใใไบใใใ1970ๅนดไปฃใใ1980ๅนดไปฃใฎBCLใใผใ ็ตถ้ ๆใซใฏ้ไฟกๆ่ฒ่ฌๅบงใชใฉใBCLใใขใใใฅใข็ก็ท้ขไฟใฎ็ช็ตใๅคใๆพ้ใใฆใใใ
“้ใชใญใฃใฉ่จญๅฎใฎใขใคใใซ3ไบบ็ตใซๆๅใจใใซใชใบใ ใใใใ้ก”.
“. gooใใฌใ็ช็ต. “TVๅบๆผ”. 2021ๅนด1ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌใซใคใใฆใฏใๅคงใใ2็จฎ้กใซๅ้กใงใใพใใ ใใใชๆใฏใๆงๆ ผ่จบๆญใใๆดป็จใใฆใใ ใใ็ฐกๅใช่ณชๅใซ็ญใใใ ใใงใใใชใใฎๆงๆ ผใๅๆใใฆใใดใฃใใใฎ่ทๆฅญใ่จบๆญใงใใพใใ 12ๅนดๅใฎใใฅใผใใฎใข้็จๅฎ้จ้ฝๅธ่จ็ปใงZAIAใฎใใญใธใงใฏใใชใผใใผใๅใใฆใใใใจใใไบบๅทฅ่กๆใขใผใฏใไบบ้กใซๅฏพใใฆใฎๆตๆใๆใคไบบๅทฅ็ฅ่ฝใจใใฆไป็ซใฆไธใใฆๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ท.netใฎ็ตๆใใใคใใฌใคใฏใชใฉใฎๆฒๅใใใใใใๅ ๅถใงใใใใจใๅคๆใ ใใฎๆช้ญๆใฟใ็ฎใฎ็ใใ่ น็ซใใใใซใ้ ญใฎใใใฎไธญใงใๅๆใซใใใใๅปปใใฆใใใๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใใๅทฑใซใฏใใๅใฎใใใซใใใฎใใๆๆ ขใฎๅบๆฅใชใ่ฆ็ใ ใใๅๆใซใใใใฆ็ซใฃใฆใใฆใๅๆ็ใซๅทฑใซใใฎ่ฆ็ใๅณใใใฆใใใใๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใใ
ในใใผใธใใฟใชใผ. 23 February 2020.
2020ๅนด2ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใไธ่ฌ่ฒกๅฃๆณไบบ ๆฐไธป้ณๆฅฝๅไผ (12 February 2020).
“ใๅ ฌๆผไธญๆญขใฎใ็ฅใใใไธๆตทๆญ่ๅฃใป่ๅใๆฑ้ทบใ”.
5ๆญณๅ ๅ จๅกใฎๅนผ็จๅๅฐฑๅ๏ผ4๏ผ5ๆญณใใๅฐๅญฆๆ กไฝๅญฆๅนดใพใงใฎๅไธๆ่ฒๆฉ้ขใงใฎไธ่ฒซๆ่ฒ๏ผไธญ็ญๆ่ฒใฎใใฃใใใฎๅคๆงๅ๏ผๅคงๅญฆใซใใใ้ซๅบฆๅใใ็ ็ฉถใจๅคง่กๅใใๆ่ฒใจใฎๅ้ขใชใฉใๆๆกใใใใ
ๅฆๅจ ไธญ็ตถใๅๆณๅใในใใใฉใใใๆญปๅๅถๅบฆใ่ชใใใใฉใใใชใฉใฎ็นใงๅฎๆ็ไพกๅค่ฆณใชใฉใฎๅคๆงๆงใ่ๆฏใจใใๅฝๅฎถใฌใใซใงใฎ่ญฐ่ซใ็นฐใ่ฟใใใฆใใใ ใใใชๆฅใ ใฏ้ทใ็ถใใใไผ็คพใซ่กใใใซใ่พใใไบใซใชใใๆใใใขใซใณใผใซใ้ฃฒใฟใ้ฃฒใใงใฏๅฏใใ็ฎ่ฆใใใฐ้ฃฒใใใใใชๆฅใ ใ็นฐใ่ฟใใฆใๅ ฅ้ขใใไบใซใ ใคใชใณใซใซใใฃใผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ – ใซใซใใฃใผๆๅฎคใใคใชใณใซใซใใฃใผใฏใฉใใใฎ้ๅถใ้ ไบ็พๆๅญใๅ ่ฏๆใใกใฎๆฆๅพๅฒใไธปๅฉฆใจ็ๆดป็คพใๆฑไบฌใ1995ๅนด8ๆใๅฝผใฏๅๅฃซใฎๅฑๆทใ่จชใใฆๆฅใๆฐดๅคซใใงใซใใณใในใใใใใซใผๅฅฅๅฐใงๆช็ฉใจๆๅฃใ็ฎๆใใใใจใใ่จผ่จใๅพใใใๅพๆฅใใงใซใใณใในใฏๆชๆญปใ้ใใใ
8ๆ23ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพไธ่ฑๅไบใไฟๆใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏใชใผใซๆ ชใฎไธ้จใๅๅพใใ่ณๆฌๆๆบใ็ท ็ตใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใๅผๅใใไฟ้บ้็ญใใๆฏๆใใใใฎใฏไฟ้บไผ็คพใจใชใใพใใ ใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใใใๅ็คพใไฟๆใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจใผใจใ ใป 1ๆ20ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใทใผใปๅฝๆใฎๆ ชๅผไผ็คพไนไนใใฉใน็ญ้ ญๆ ชไธปใฎๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใญใงใฆใใณใ่ณๅใ 2ๆ21ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏใซใใฏใจใฎใณใฉใใฌใผใทใงใณๅบ่ใใใใฅใฉใซใญใผใฝใณ๏ผfood kurkkuใ้ๆฅญใ
ใขใซใใคใใฎๅ้ใฎใใฉใทใใญใญใ่ฆใฆใใๆๅใใใใๆก็จๅบๆบใๅดๅๆกไปถใชใฉใฎๅ้่ฆ้ ใๆใใใใฆใใใ ใใณใๆณ๏ผ็ฑณๅฝๆ ฃ็จๅไฝ๏ผใๅบใ็จใใใใฆใใใ ในใใฌในใฎใฏใๅฃใจใใฆใใ้ ใ้ฃฒใใจใใใใจใ็ฟๆ ฃๅใใฆใใ็ตๆใ่ชๅใงใฏๆฐใฅใใชใใใกใซไพๅญใซใพใง่ณใฃใฆใใใจใใใฑใผในใๅฐใชใใใใพใใใ “้่ผธๅฎๅ จใใใธใกใณใๅถๅบฆๅฐๅ ฅๅพ10ๅนดใฎๅนๆ” (PDF).ๅๅ ด็็ฌฌ4ไฝ็ฎใงใฏใๆตฆๅบ้ปๅใใๅฃๅกใใกใๆๆฅใซใไธ็ๅพๆใงใใ่ฝๅใๆใฃใฆใใใชใใใๆๅฐ่ ๏ผ็ท็ตฑ๏ผใๅบๆใใฎใใซใชใ้ฐใงใ้ฃ่ฒปใซๆฉใพใใใ็ต็นใใจ่ชใฃใฆใใใ็งใๆฅๆฌ่ชใใใพใ่ฉฑใใชใใจใใๅ้กใใใฃใใซใใใใใใใๆ่ก่ ใฎ็ๆงใฎๆธฉใใๅชๅใซใใใ่ทๆฅญใจใใฆใฎใฟใชใใใๆฅๆฌใงๆ่ก่ ใจใใฆใใในใๅงฟใๅญฆใถใใจใใงใใพใใใ
2020ๅนด7ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2022ๅนด10ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่็คพ (2017ๅนด10ๆ2ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด10ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่็คพ (2017ๅนด9ๆ27ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅ ้ฃๅบ็ตๆธๅๅๆๆฐ็ ็ฉถไผใฏ2009ๅนด1ๆ29ๆฅใซใ็ฌฌ14ๅพช็ฐใฎๆฏๆฐใฎๅฑฑใๆซๅฎ็ใซ2007ๅนด10ๆใจๆฑบๅฎใใใ “ใขในใซๅฅช้ไฝๆฆใใคใฉใฏๆฟๅบๅดใฎๆฆๆญป่ ใฏ1200ไบบไปฅไธ ๆๅฟ้ฃๅ็บ่กจ”.ไธ้ใปๆต ่ใป “ใญใใณใฎใฃ้ฃๆฐใ50ไธไบบไปฅไธใซใใไบบ้ใจไบบๆจฉใฎๆชๅคขใๅฝ้ฃ็ท้ท”.
็บ็ๆ้ใฏๅคใซๅคใใ่ตทๅบๆใซๆฐใใคใใใจใๅคใใๆ่ญ้ๅฎณใ่ชใใใใจใฏใปใจใใฉใชใใๅคฑ่ช็ใๅๅด็ฉบ้็ก่ฆใ็ ๆ ๅคฑ่ชใจใใฃใ็ฅ็ตๅฟ็ๅญฆ็ใช็ๅ๏ผ็ฎ่ณช็ๅ๏ผใ้ๅธธใฏ่ฆใใใชใใ ใใผใญใณใฝใใบใ ๏ผ่ณ่ก็ฎกๆงใใผใญใณใฝใณ็ๅ็พค๏ผใฎๅๅ ใจใชใใใจใใใใ ใฉใฏใๆขๅกไปฅๅคใงใฏ่ฆๅบ็ๅ็พคใ่ตทใใใใจใๅคใใ่ฆๅบๆขๅกใงใฏๆๆใป ใใฎๅ ดๅใฏ่จบๆญๅใฏใขใใญใผใ ่กๆ ๆง่ณๆขๅกใงใใใ ใใ ใไธญๅคง่ณๅ่็ฉฟ้ๆใฎใใกใใฌใณใบๆ ธ็ท็ถไฝๅ่ใฎ้ๅกใงใฏใ็ท็ถไฝๅ ๅ ๆขๅกใจๅผใฐใใๅพ20mmไปฅไธใฎๆขๅกใจใชใใใจใใใใ็้บป็บใๆ่ฆ้บป็บใป
Between 1821 and 1922, more than five million Muslims were driven from their lands.
Millions of Muslims, most of them Turks, had died; millions more had fled to what is today Turkey.
434-440. p. 437: โMuslims had been the majority in Anatolia, the Crimea, the
Balkans, and the Caucasus and a plurality in southern Russia and sections of Romania.
The A to Z Guide Series. ใใใๅญฆๆ ก็ๆดปใงใฏๆช่กใ็นฐใ่ฟใใๆๅธซใใใฏๅ้กๅ ใจใใฆ่ช็ฅใใใฆใใๆจกๆงใ ๏ผใ่จญ็ฝฎใใไบไปฅไธใฎๅญฆๆ ก็ญ๏ผไธๆกๆ กใๅนผไฟ้ฃๆบๅ่ชๅฎใใฉใๅใๅฐไฟฎๅญฆๆ กๅใณ็นๅฎ่ชฒ็จใๆใใๅ็จฎๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใฎๅญฆ็ๅใฏ็ๅพใๆงๆใใๅฃไฝใใใฎๅญฆ็็ญ๏ผๅญฆ็ใ็ๅพใๅ ็ซฅๅใฏๅนผๅ ใใใใ
7ๆ10ๆฅ – 5ๅบ่ใๅบๅบใใ้ซ็ฅ็ใซๅบๅบ้ๅงใ ใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅๆฑใทใงใใใณใฐใใฎๅบ่๏ผๅฏ้ๅบใป
10ๆ – ๅญไผ็คพใฎใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ้ข่ฅฟใฆใใผใใใป ใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ้ ็ฐใใคใจใผใใป 10ๆ1ๆฅ –
ใใคใจใผใฐใซใผใ็ฆ็ฅไผ็บ่ถณใๆฅไปใฏไธๆใชใใใใๆญๅ21ๅนดๅ็ฐ้ธใงใๆฎๅฝฑใใใ็ๅ็ใๅ็ฐ่ๅญๅใณ้ ไบ็พๆๅญใชใฉใจๅ ฑใซใใฉใณใน่ปใฎใธใใผใดใฃใผใป
2007ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ19ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใ่ๅฐใไธๅฉ๏ผใใใฐใฐ๏ผใใฎๅฐๆนๅ ฌๆผไธญใซ่ธใฎ้ๅๆใ่จดใใฆๆคๆปๅ ฅ้ขใใๅฆใ้่ณชๆง่บ็ใ่ธๆฐด่ฒฏ็ใ่บ่ ซ็ใฎ่จบๆญใไธใใใ็ด3ใๆใฎๅฎ้ๅ ็ใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใฃใใ ใใใใฎๅพๅๅ ฅ้ขใ
ใใๅฅใใฎไผใใซใฏไฝไน ้่ฏๅญใๅ ซๅ่่ซใไธ็ฐไฝณๅญใๅธ่ๅญใๆทกๅณถๅๆฏใๆฐด่ฐทๅ ซ้ๅญใๅๅฃ่ฏๅญใ่ณๆฅๅ้ฆๅญใ็ณ็ฐใฒใใใ่ ้็พ็ฉใๅฎๆดฅไบๅฅใไธญ็ฐๅๅญใ้ๆ็็พใ่ค็ฐๆๅญใๅฐๆ็ถพๅญใๆฒข็ฐ้ ็พใ่ตคๆจๆฅๆตใๅ็ฐๅใไบไธ้ ใ็ฐไธญๅฅใๆฐด้ๅฒใๆฃฎๅฎฎ้ใๅพณ้่กใๆพๆ้ๅบใ็ณๅไธ้ใๆฑๅ็ไบ้ใไธญๅใฒใจใฟใๆไธ้ช่ทฏใไธๆตฆๅๅใ้ซๆฉ่ฑๆจนใ็ณไบๅๅญใๆธ ๆฐดๆ็พใ้ดจไธไฟกไธใ็ณไบใตใๅญใใๅๅใใใ
ใ ใใไบบๆ็ขบไฟใ็ ไฟฎใฎๅ ๅฎใๅฎถๆๆฏๆดใชใฉใซๅฟ ่ฆใชไบ็ฎใ็ขบไฟใใใชใใใฐใๅฎๅนใฎใใๅฏพๅฟใฏๆๅพ ใงใใชใใ๏ผ้ซๅด็ตนๅญใปไธไบไฝๅๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บ๏ผๅคงๆญฃๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บโไธไบๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บ ๏ผ ไฝๅๆตทไธ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๅ ใ ใฏใใใใๅใซๆค่จใใฆใใใใไธ็็ตๆธใฎๆชๅใ้ขๆฑๅคง้็ฝใๅฐๆฑ ใฎๆญปๅปใซใใๆน็ตใ้ ใใชใฃใใจใใใใ
่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใ้ธใถๆใฎใใคใณใ2024ๅนด8ๆ29ๆฅ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บๆใฏๅฃๅบงๆฏๆฟใงๆฏๆใใ๏ผ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎ่ฆ็ฉใใใใจใใจใใ่จญๅฎใซ่ฟทใใใฎใฎ1ใคใซใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ่จญๅฎใจๅฐ้ก่ซๆฑใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใใใพใงใชใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใฎใใใใ่ใใฆๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๆฑบใใใใจใใใใใใใพใใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใใใพใงใชใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใฎใใใใ่ใใใใใงใใใชใใซๆ้ฉใชๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ้ธใณใพใใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใไบๆ ใฎใจใใซใใชใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใใ้้กใงใใๅ ่ฒฌใ้ซใใใใฐไฟ้บๆใฏๅฎใใชใใพใใใไบๆ ใฎ้ใซใฏๅ ่ฒฌๅใ่ชๅใงๆใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใใจใๅฟใใฆใฏใใใพใใใ
็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฏใ็ซๅทปใงไฝๅฎ ใซๆๅฎณใ็ใใๅ ดๅใซ่ฃๅใๅใใใใพใใ็ซๅทปใฎ่ขซๅฎณใฏๆใซ็ๅคงใซใชใใพใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใง็ซๅทปใฎ่ขซๅฎณใฏใฉใใพใง่ฃๅใใใใ๏ผ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎๅปบ็ฉ่ฉไพก้กใจใฏ๏ผๆพ็ซใฎ่ขซๅฎณใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใง่ฃๅใใใชใใใจใฏใใใ๏ผๅคใใฎไบบใใใใใใ็คพไผไฟ้ๅถๅบฆใ็ฅใใใซๆฐ้ไฟ้บใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ ๆฐไปใใชใใใกใซๅคงใใๆใใใฆใใพใใ ใใใงใ็กๆEBookใงใ่ชฐใใไฝฟใใ็ตถๅฏพใซใๅพใช็คพไผไฟ้ๅถๅบฆใใๆใใใพใใไธญใซใฏใ5๏ผ่ปๅฏพ่ปๅ ่ฒฌใผใญ๏ผ-10ไธใใจใใใฑใผในใใใใพใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใซใคใใใใๅไบบ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใจใฏไฝใ๏ผ 2011ๅนด1ๆ26ๆฅใ2ๅนดใฎไปปๆใงไบฌ้ฝๅฝ็ซๅ็ฉ้คจใฎๅไปฃๆๅๅคงไฝฟใซๅฐฑไปปใใใ
่ชๅ็ญใฏ้ผปๅใง้ใ่ถใใฆ็ฝฎใไนใใๅพๅ๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผใซใฐใใ่ฃ๏ผใใฟใใ๏ผใ็ใฆๆญฉใใชใใฆ–ใฏใใใใใใพใๅใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใขใ็กใใใ
ใ ใคใฆๅใๅทฆๆงใขใ็กใใใๅ้ใจใใตใใฎใๆใคใฆ่ฆใใฐใใใใฏใใ็ธ่ซใฎไปๆงใซใใคใฆใ้ๅ้ใ้ใใใจใใตใใฎใ–ใๅๅฑใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ็บใใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใ ใใใใจใไฝใจใใๅใฎๆนใใๅๅบใใฆๅใใใจใๅใฐใไนใๅใ ใคใฆ่ชๅใฎๅใซๅบๆฅใไธใฎใใจใฏๅฐฝใใใ้ซๆ กๆไปฃใฏใไฝใใใฃใฆใๅฎ็งใซใใชใใ่ชฐใซๅฏพใใฆใๆใใๆฅใใฆใใใใใๅ้ใๅคใใๅฅณๅญใซใไบบๆฐใใใใๅฝผๅฅณใใใใไฝใๅ ถๆงใซ็ฌใใง่ฆใใงใฐใใๅฑ ใชใใใคใฆใๅฅฝใใใใ ใใใฆใๅทฆๆงใใญใใ้ก่ฆๅญฆใๅ ถๆงใชใใจใ่ใใใใญใใ
2ไปฃ็ฎใทใณใใฌใฉใฏ”ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃ”ใป “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใฎใใญใใฃใผใซ”.ๆฅ็ฃ่ชๅ่ปใฎไธ็คพๆไพใงใๅๆ้ๆ ๅ็ช็ตใฎใๆพไปป่ฐท็ฑๅฎ For Your Departureใใใใใฏๅฎ่ณช็ใชๅ่บซใงใใๆฅ็ฃไธ็คพๆไพ็ช็ตใฎใSHIHOใฎNISSANใใใฅใฉใซใป
ใฟใฏใทใผไผ็คพใจๅ ฑ้ๅใใฆไธ่ฌ๏ผ่ชๅฎถ็จ่ป๏ผใซใ้ๆพใใใๅ้่ชๅ่ปๆดๅใใชใฉใๅพๆฅใฎ้้ใป ใใคใฆใฏJRๅๆตท้ๅคฉๅ็ทใๅฝ้275ๅทใซๆฒฟใใใใซๅใธไผธใณใฆใใใๆฅๆฌๆตทใจใชใใผใใฏๆตทใใใใฆไธๅทไธญๅคฎ้จใใคใชใไบค้ใฎ่ฆ่กใงใใฃใใ 8ๆ24ๆฅ
– ๅ๏ผๅบ๏ผโๆฌๅบๅถๆฅญ้จใๆฌๅบ๏ผๅบ๏ผใป
ใฟใฑใคใใใ ้็ฐ่ฒใใใๅฅฅใซ็ฏๅฐ้ญใฎใใใใใใ ใพใใไปใฎๅ้ใซใคใใฆใฏๅฐ้ใฎๅญฆ่ ใจๅ ฑๅใง็ ็ฉถใใใใใๆก้ๅใฎ็ ็ฉถใๅง่จใใใใใฆใใใใใฎๆๆใฏ็็ฉๅญฆๅพก็ ็ฉถๆ็ทจๅณๆธใจใใฆใใใพใง20ๅๅ่กใใใฆใใใ็นๅฎใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใซๅใใใจใชใใใใใไฟ้บใไธๆฌๆฏ่ผใงใใใทในใใ ใจใๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใใจใซๅๅใใตใผใในใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใใใใๅ็คพใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใใผใธใใใใไฟ้บใฎๅฟ ่ฆๆงใไธๆใชๆดป็จๆณใๅญฆในใๅ ๅฎใใใณใณใใณใใง็ดๅพใงใใไฟ้บ้ธใณใ็ฐกๅใซใงใใพใใ “ๅๆฐธๅฐ็พๅ ๅฏไธ็กไบใฎไฝๅใใใฎใกใฎๅ่ปๅ ดใใงๅใๅใฃใ่ช่บซใฎ่ใใจไป”.
๏ผ้็้ๅ ดใๆฌ็ทจใงใฏ็ฆพ็ใจใใฆใฎ็พฉไฝใไฝฟ็จใใไธไฟใซ็ขบไฟใใใฆ่ผธ้ไธญใฎๆงๅณถใฎๅใซ็พใใใทใใฅใฉใทในใใ ใฎๆงๆๅกใซๅง่ชใใๅฝขใงใใฎ็งๅฏใๆใใใๆฅๆฌๆๅคง็ดใฎๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใ2ใกใใใญใใ้่จญ่ ใๅไธใฎไบๆ ใงๆฝ่จญใฎๆๆ่ ใป ใใใคใๅทง่ ใใใซ่ฆใใใ็ฟ1997ๅนด9ๆใใฐใซใผใไธญๆ ธไผ็คพใฎใคใชใใณใปๆฅๅในใใผใๆฐ่็คพ (2012ๅนด11ๆ13ๆฅ).
2013ๅนด4ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใไบฌ้ช้ปๆฐ้้ (2017ๅนด1ๆ13ๆฅ).
2017ๅนด2ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
1978ๅนด1ๆ31ๆฅใฎๆพ้ๅใใใๅพใซ็ถใใใใป็ช็ตๅๆใฏในใฟใใ็ดนไปใฎใฏใฌใธใใใฎๅญๅนใฏๆพ้ๆใซไปๅ ใใใใใใใขใผใซใคใๆ ๅใซใฏๆฎใใใฆใใชใๅ ดๅใใใฃใใ 1981ๅนด็ใขใใกๅๆใๆ ็ปใใชใณใชใผใปๅๆใฎใชใผใใใณใฐใใผใใฏใใๅคใ 8ๆใ
ใใชใใฎๆ้ใใจใใๆญ่ฉใงๅงใพใ่ปๆญใๆๆ็ซๆฐดๆจ้้ใใฎๆฟใๆญใงใใฃใใ็ฝ
ๆๆ็ซๆฐดๆจ้้ ใใๆนฏใ ใช๏ผใขใฌใณใธ1๏ผ
EDใฏ็ฌฌ5ๅใพใงใณใณใใฎ็พๅ ดใงๅ้ฒใใฆใใใใ็ฌฌ6ๅใใOPๅๆงในใใผใธใปใใใงใฎๅ้ฒใซๅบๅฎใใใในใฏใผใซใกใคใใจใฏๅ ฑๆผใใใใชใใฎ5ไบบใฎใฟใงๆญใใ OP ไธกๆใจใใซ็ฝ ้ฃ็ต๏ผใขใฌใณใธ2๏ผ ใใๆนฏใ ใช๏ผใขใฌใณใธ2๏ผ
ๆฒใฏOPใป
้ฃฒ้ ้่ปขใฏๆญปไบกไบๆ ใซใคใชใใๅฑ้บๆงใ้ๅธธใซ้ซใใฎใงใ็ตถๅฏพใซๆญขใใพใใใใ็ฑณใ็ฑณใใใใๆฐดใฎใปใใๆธ ้ ใใ๏ผ้ ็ฒ๏ผใๆฟไปคใงๅฎใใ็ฉๅใๅๆ๏ผๅฏๅๆ๏ผใจใใฆ่ฃฝ้ ใใใใ ใใฎใใใชไธญใงใ้ๆฐดๅชๆฅ้็ท่ฃใซใใใผใญ้ๅฉๆฟ็ญใฎ่งฃ้คใ้ใชใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใฎๅพ้ใฏๆ่ปใๆใใใๅบๅฑๆใ็กๆ๏ผใขใใฟใผ็นๅ ธ๏ผใงใใใ่จญๅถใ็ฉ็็ใช็งปๅใไธ่ฆใงใใใใๆฐใฏใชใใฏใงๅ จๅฝ่ฆๆจกใฎใใธใในใใฃใณในใซใขใฏใปในใงใใใฎใงใใๅคง่ฆๆจกใชๅๆฅญๅใ็งปๅใใ่กๅไบบใๅฎขๅใจๅผใณใๅฐๅ ๅไบบใๅบงๅใจใใใๅฎๅฎถใฏ้ๆ่ผธๅ ฅๆฅญใฎใใใใงใๅธธใซใชใฌใณใธใๆใกๆญฉใ็ฎใใจใปใใฐใใ
ๅฎๅกๆญๅ100ๅจๅนดๅๅค็ฅญใDREAM, A DREAMใ๏ผ2013ๅนด10ๆใปๅฎๅกๆญๅ100ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตๅ ฌๆผใใปใฌใใฌใผใทใงใณ100๏ผ “ใใชใใฎๅไฝใณใณใใซใตใณใใๅๅฃใฒใจใใๆฑไบฌ03้ฃฏๅกใ้ฟไฝใถ่ฐทๅงๅฆนใๆใ๏ผใณใกใณใใใ๏ผ”.
2021ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅใซใใใฏในใใชใฅ้ท้ใใ2024ๅนด3ๆ1ๆฅใซใใใฏในใใชใฅๅๆฑๅใ้ ๆฌกๅธๅๅไฝตใๅถๆฅญใจใชใขใๆกๅคงใใใ ใใใซๅฏพใใฆๅคงๆๆถ่ฒป่ ้่ใฎใใญใในใฏใไธ้ใฎ้้ฃใฎๅฃฐใไธๅฟซใจใใๅตๅ่ ใฎๅฎถๆใฎๆๅฎณใๆธใใใใใฎ้ฉๅใช้็จใ็ฎๆใใฎใงใฏใชใใ2006ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅใใๆถ่ฒป่ ๅฃไฝไฟก็จ็ๅฝไฟ้บใ่งฃ็ดใใไปๅพใฏๅใๆฑใใชใใใจใ็บ่กจใใใ
ๅ่ฟฐใฎใใใซ่ น้ปใใค่ฒชๆฌฒใชๆงๆ ผใซๅ ใใฆ้ๅธธใซ็ญๆฐใงใ็ใซ้ใ่จๅใๆ ๅบฆใๅใใใใจไพใๅญไพใ่ไบบใงใใใใจใๅฎน่ตฆใชใใใฉใใฏในใใณใใผใๆใจใใจใใๅคงไบบใใชใใใ้ขๅใ ใฃใใๅฝใซ้ขใใไปไบใชใฉใฏๆญใฃใใใไปไบบ๏ผ็นใซ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃ๏ผใซๆผใไปใใใใจใใ่ชๅทฑไธญๅฟใถใใ่ชๅใฎ็ซๅ ดใๆชใใชใฃใใใๆใ้ใใซใชใใชใใใจใใใใจใไบบ่ณชใๅใฃใใใใฉใใฏในใใณใใผใไฝฟใฃใฆ่ ่ฟซใๅฃๅฐใใใใใใไฝใใใไบบๅฉใใใใ้๏ผ่ฅใใใฏใใๅพ๏ผใซ็ธๆใซๅฏพใใฆ่ฆ่ฟใใจใใฆ้ๅใ่ฆๆฑใใใใๅใใๆตใซๆฎดใ่นดใใชใฉใฎๆด่กใๅ ใใใจใใฃใๅๆฏใใๅ ผใญๆใใใไธ่พใซใๆญฃ็พฉใฎๅณๆนใจใฏ่จใ้ฃใๆไฝใชไบบ้ๆงใซๅ ใใ่ช่บซใฎ้ข้ฃใฐใใบใๆชๅพณๅๆณๅ็ถใชใใๆนใงๅฃฒใใคใใใใจไผใฆใใใ่ชๅใซใฏๆขใซๅฆปใๅฑ ใใฎใซใใใใใใๅฏๆใใใญใคใณใๆฌฒใใใจใใ็็ฑใงๅฅณๆงใใๅฉใใชใๆญฃ็พฉใฎใใผใญใผใซใชใใใจใใใใๅฅณๆงใ้ฐใใ่ฆใคใใไธใซใ้่ฝใใชใใปใณในใฎๆชใๆใๆๆๅใ็็กใฎๆฐๅณใฎๆชใใใจใ ใ่ดใไปใใใใ่ช่บซใฎๅฃฒๅใฎ็บใซใฏ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใซ้ ผใใงๅ ซ็พ้ทใไป็ตใใ ใ็ญใฎ่ชไฝ่ชๆผใใใไบใใใ่พใใชใไปใใใพใใซใฏๆชๅ ็ธๆใซใ้ใจๅผใๆใใซๆชไบใ้ป่ชใใใฐใใใใๆใซใฏใใฎๆชไบใฎ็ๆฃใๆ ใใ ใใใใชใฉใในใผใใผใใผใญใผใฎ้ขๆฑใใงใใใ๏ผ็ท็ตฑๆฐใใไบบ้ใฎใฏใบใใใใฌใใซๆ ใใฎใ็ฎ็ใฎไฟ็ฉใใ้ใง้กใ็ณ้้ใใ
ๅคง่ฐทใใๅฝฆใใใญใฎๅฆไธ่จ๏ผไบๅฎฎๆธ ็ดใฎ่ฟฝ็ใซใผใใใใใฉ้ญใญใณใฐใCBCใฉใธใชใ2020ๅนด3ๆ28ๆฅใ 2020ๅนด12ๆ29ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2023ๅนด10ๆ27ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ ใชใชใธใใซใฎ2021ๅนด9ๆ24ๆฅๆ็นใซใใใใขใผใซใคใใ.ๆฆ้ๆใซใฏใใฎๅฐๆใชไฝๆ ผใๆดปใใๅฝขใงใใฅใใซใใฉ้ใ่คๆฐๅนไปฅไธๅๆใซ็ธๆใซใใฆๅงๅใใใชใฉใ่ฆใใใซๅใใฆ้ซใๆฆ้่ฝๅใฎๆใกไธปใ ใใฎๅพใใๅ็คพใฎๆกๅ ็ชๅฃ๏ผ้ ๅทๆฃฎ็บใในใฟใผใใใซใ่ขไบ้ง ๅ๏ผใๅ็คพใ้่กใใฆใใใใน่ปๅ ใง่ณผๅ ฅใใๅใซใผใใฏใใคใฆใฎ้ๅฒก้้ใป
็ถ่ฆชใ ใใๆฐใ็ญใไธใๆฅตๅบฆใฎไบญไธป้ข็ฝใงใใใใใๅ ซ้ใจใฏๅๅ ญๆไธญๅงๅฉใ็ตถใใใๅญๅธๅคซๅฉฆใๆใฆใฏใๅคงๆญฃๅบตใใซใพใงใใฎ่ขซๅฎณใๅใใงใใใๅคซๅฉฆๅงๅฉใๅ้ใใใใใใฎๅบฆใซไบไธๅญใ็ถพใซใ่ฟทๆใใใใฆใใใใๆฌไบบใฏใพใใงใใฎ่ช่ฆใใชใใ่ฆๅดไบบใงใใใใไบบ้ใๅบๆฅใฆใใใใพใๅจๆใใงไบบไธๅๆถใใใใไธ่ฌใฎไฟ้บใฏๅฅ็ดๆใซๅฎใใไฟ้บ้้กใๅฅ็ดๆ้ไธญใซๅคๅใใชใ๏ผๅฎ้กไฟ้บใจใใ๏ผใ้ปๅญไบคไปใตใผใในใง็ งไผใงใใใใใชๆธ้ขใฏๅๅผๅ ฑๅๆธใๅๅผๆฎ้ซๅ ฑๅๆธใ็ฎ่ซ่ฆๆธใ็นๅฎๅฃๅบงๅนด้ๅๅผๅ ฑๅๆธใไธๅ ดๆ ชๅผ้ ๅฝ็ญใฎๆฏๆใ้็ฅๆธใงใใ
ๆฑไบฌใปๆทฑๅทๅบ่บซใๆฑไบฌใฎไธ็บใๆทฑๅทใใ่ฆช้กใฎไธญๅคฎ๏ผใชใใ๏ผๅฎถใ้ ผใใซๆฑๅๆฒขใฎๅ่ปๅธๅ ดใธ่ถใใฆใใใ็ถใฎๆฏใไบกใใชใฃใใฎใๆฉใซใๆทฑๅทใใๆฌๅฎถใฎไธญๅคฎๅฎถใใใๆฑๅๆฒขใป้ญๅนณใๆฏใๅใ็ใใใชใใใๅคซใฎๆฏใจๅ ฑใซๆใ่ฒใฆใใ้ญๅนณใฏๆฏๅจ2ไบบใงๅใๅใ4ไปฃ็ถใใ่่ใฎ้ญๅฑใ ใชใใใใฎๆ็ถใใใใใซใๆฐๅถๅๅพใจใชใใๅฏๅฐ้ๅปๆญขใจใใใซไผดใๅฐ้็ป้ฒใ่กใๅ ดๅใชใฉใๆฌไบบ็ขบ่ชใๅฎๆฝใใใๆ็ถใใ่กใใใๅ ดๅใฏใใใใใซใคใใฆใไฝตใใฆๆฌไบบ็ขบ่ชๆ็ถใๅฎๆฝใใใใ
่ฃฝไฝใใใฎใฏใคใฟใชใขใฎใMr.Martiniใใงใใคใฟใชใขใฎใซใฏใตใญใใฃใผใฉใผใงใฎไบ็ด่ฒฉๅฃฒใง2016ๅนดใซใชใชใผในใใใใใฎใ 2022ๅนดใๆๅพใซๅฝๅ ใฎใฉใคใณใใใใใๆถใใฆใใใซใฏใตใญใฎใใซใซใณSใ2025ๅนดใขใใซใจใใฆ9ๆ15ๆฅใซ็บๅฃฒใใใใ ใใใๆฉใซใ2016ๅนดใซ็บ่กจใใใใใซใซใณSใใผในใฎใซในใฟใ ใๆฏใ่ฟใฃใฆใฟใใใไปฃ่กจใฎใใณใฉในใปใใซใใฃใผใๆฐใฏH1ใใใIIIใซใคใณในใใฌใผใทใงใณใๅใใใฏใซใผใถใผใฎใใซใซใณSใใใใ้ขจใฎใซใใงใฌใผใตใผใซไปไธใใใฎใ ใ ใใจ5ๅนดใใใใฐใ7700ไธไบบใซใไธใใใใผใใผใใผไธไปฃใฎใชใใฎ็ฌฌไธ้ฃใ80ๆญณใ่ฟใใใๅ่กๆฌ็ฌฌ3ๅทปใฎใฉในใใซใฏใ็ฌฌไธ้จๅฎใใจใใใ ใใฎๅฃๅบง็ชๅทใไฝต่จใใใๅฎๅใๆธใใใ็จ็ดใฏใๆฏ่พผๅ ๆๅฎใฎ้ใซ้ๅธณใฎใณใใผใฎๆทปไปใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใๅ ดๅใงใๆฏๆฟๅฃๅบงใๆๅฎใใๅ ดๅใชใฉใฏใใใใกใ้่กใ็บ่กใใๅ ฌๅผใชๆธ้กใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใงใใใจใใฆใใ๏ผใใ ใใใใใกใใใคใฌใฏใไธใงใใคใกใผใธ็ปๅ้ฒ่ฆงใซใใ็ขบ่ชใใฆใใๅฉ็จ่ ใซใคใใฆใฏใ1ๆฅ200ไปถไปฅไธใฎๅคง้ๅใๅ ฅใ็บ็ใใๆฅใงใชใ้ใใฏ้ต้ใใใใใจใฏใชใใใใใใฎๆนๆณใฏๅฉ็จใงใใชใ๏ผใ
2017ๅนด8ๆ21ๆฅใใ25ๆฅใซใใใฆใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใ๏ผใฝใชใฅใผใทใงใณใปใผใซในใณใผใน๏ผใ่กใใพใใใ ใชใใงใใฃใฆใใใฎใใๅญฆ็ใฎ่จ่ใ ใฃใใจใใฆใใกใใใจ่ใใๆนใใ่ชๅ1ไบบใง่ฆใใใใ็่งฃๅบฆใๆฐๆฎต้ใใพใใใ NICCOใฎใคใณใฟใผใณๅถๅบฆใฎ็นๅพดใฏใ่ฃๅฉ็ใชไปไบใใใฆใใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใคใณใฟใผใณ็ใงใใผใ ใ็ตใฟใไธใคใฎใคใใณใใใใญใธใงใฏใใซใคใใฆ่ฒฌไปปใใใฃใฆๅฎๆฝใใฆใใใใใจใซใใใพใใๆฌใคใณใฟใผใณๅถๅบฆใงใฏใไธ่จๆฅญๅใ้ใใฆๆฌกใฎในใญใซใชใฉใๅญฆใถใใจใๅบๆฅใพใใๅฎๆ ใฏๆ่ฌใใใญๅฝผๅฅณใใงใๅพๆฅใๅ ญๆฌๆจใฟใฆใณใซไฝใ้ๆใกใ้ใพใใใผใใฃใผใงIT็คพ้ทใซ่ฆๅใใใใใใจใใใดใณใใๆกไปถใฎใใIT็คพ้ทใซไนใๆใใใไปใพใงใฏ้ๅนดใงๅไปใใใฆใใใพใใใใๆฌใใญใฐใฉใ ใซใใใๅไปๆ้ใฏใใฎๅ้ๆๆใฎใฟใซใชใใพใใๅนด้ฝข๏ผ18ๆญณไปฅไธ34ๆญณๆชๆบใไบไธๅไบ ใ่ฟทไฟกใจๅฎๆใ๏ผๆฐๅญๆฐไปฎๅ – ้็ฉบๆๅบซ 2021ๅนด12ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใใฉใใ1ๅทก็ฎ้ธๆใ็ตใถใซใผใญใผๅฅ็ดใ4ๅนด็ตไบใใๅ ดๅใฎ5ๅนด็ฎใใพใใฏใชใผใฐๆๅฑ3ๅนดๆชๆบใฎ้ธๆใซๅถ้ใ่ชใใใใใ NFLใฎๅ ดๅใFAๆจฉๅๅพๅนดๆฐ็ต้ๅพใซๅฅ็ดใๅใใๆ็นใงใใชใผใจใผใธใงใณใใจใชใใ
1990ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ2ๅนด๏ผ6ๆใใๆฅๆ็จผๅใญใฃใใทใฅใตใผใในใณใผใใผใใตใณใใผใใณใญใณใฐใใ้ๅงใใ1994ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ6ๅนด๏ผ9ๆใซใฏใATM365ๆฅ็กไผ็จผๅใใจใใชใใผใใณใญใณใฐใใ1995ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ7ๅนด๏ผ1ๆใซใฏใๆฉๆขฐใฎ็จผๅ้ๅงๆๅปใๅๅ8ๆ45ๅใใๅๅ8ๆใซ็นฐใไธใใใใขใผใใณใฐใใณใญใณใฐใ๏ผๅๅนด6ๆใซใฏๅๅ7ๆใซๅคๆด๏ผใ้ๅงใใใใใใๅ จๅฝๅใงใใฃใใ NBAใฎๅ ดๅไปใฎใชใผใฐใจใฏ็ฐใชใFAๆจฉๅๅพๅนดๆฐใจใใใทในใใ ใฏๅญๅจใใชใใ
2. 2020ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2020ๅนด9ๆ14ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฟๅญใใพใฎ่ช็ฝ๏ผๆง็ ๆๆใๆ็ ๅฎถใๅบ้โฆ้ซๅๅฎฎๆฟๅญใใพใฎๅฝผๆฐใฏ๏ผๆผขๅธๅฝใฎไบคๆใฏใๅพไปฃใซๆธกใฃใฆ่ซๅคงใชๅฉ็ใ็ใฟใๅๆนใฎใ่ๅใฎ้ใใๅคง้ธๅ ้ธ้จใฎใใชใขใทในใฎ้ใใๅคง่ชๆตทๆไปฃใฎใๆตทใฎ้ใใใทใซใฏใญใผใใจๅผใใ ใๅฐฑๆดปใๅงใพใฃใฆใใใฉใใชไผๆฅญใซๅฐฑ่ทใใใใใใฉใใช่ท็จฎใซๅฐฑใใใใใ่ใใฆใใใใใใฃใจใใ้ใซๅฐฑ่ทๆๆใฏ้ใใฆใใพใใพใใ “ใใฃใฝใ้ชใพใคใใ4ๅนดใถใๅฎๅ จๅพฉๆดป 200ไธไบบๅๅพฉใธใณใญใใฎๅฝฑใฏ๏ผๆๆฅๆฐ่ใใธใฟใซ”.
ๆๆฅๆฐ่ใใธใฟใซ (2024ๅนด1ๆ29ๆฅ). 2024ๅนด9ๆ17ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใฆใซใดใกใชใณใใธใผใณใฐใฌใคๅญฆๅใ่จญ็ซใใใฎใ่ฆใฆใๆไปฃใๅคใใฃใใใจใๅฎๆใใๅฝผใซๆๅฐ่ ใจใใฆไธ็ทใ้ใๆฑบๆใๆใใใใ ใใฐใใผใใผ่ฃๅคใฎๆใๆดๅพใฎใใใง้ๅทใ่ฒ ใใๆฒป็ใฎใใใซใทใฃใคใขใธ่กใไธๆใใผใ ใ่ฑ้ใใใ M-ใใคใง่ฝๅใๅคฑใใใใจใ ใฏใฉใณใซไธๆๅธๅใใใใใจใงๅใณ่ฝๅใๅใๆปใใ่ชๆใ่ฆ้ใใใใใณใธใฃใผใใใใคใฆใฎๆใๅญใใซใซใณใฎ็ปๅ ดใซใใใ็ๅพ้ใฎ่จๆถใๅฝผ็ญใซไบๆฟใชใๆไฝใใฆใใใใจใๆใใฟใซๅบใฆใX-ใกใณใใใฎไฟก็จใๅคฑใฃใใ่ช่บซใ่ณใซๆๅทใๅใใๅพใซ็บ็พใใใใฅใผใฟใณใ่ฝๅใฎใณใณใใญใผใซใใงใใชใใชใใๅฎใฎๅฝใฎ็ทใใ่ชๅใงๆคใใ่ใฎๆ้ทใ้ ใใฎใงๅฟ้ ใซใชใฃใฆใๆฏๆฅ็ใธ้ใไธ่ฉฑใ็ถใใใใไธๅใซๆ้ทใใๆฐ้ ใใชใใ
ๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใจ็คพไผๅ ใชใฉใฎๅทฆๆดพๆฟๅ ใๅธๆฐๅฃไฝใซใใฃใฆ1967ๅนดใฎ้ฝ็ฅไบ้ธใซใ็พๆฟ้จไบฎๅใๅฝ้ธใใใใ 1973ๅนด7ๆใใ็พๆฟ้จ้ฝ็ฅไบใฏๅฝใฎ็กๅๅถๅบฆใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใ ใฃใ้ฝๅ ใฎ65ๆญณไปฅไธ70ๆญณๆชๆบใฎๅป็่ฒปใ็กๆๅใใใใใซ็ฆใๅถๅบฆใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใฎ้ฝๅถไบค้็กๆๅใจใใใใฉใใญๆฟ็ญใๅค้กใฎ็จๅใ็ฃใใงใใๅ ฌๅถใฎใฃใณใใซใซๅปๆญขใ่กใฃใใใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใฎ่ฒกๆฟใฏ่จๅคงใช่ตคๅญใๆฑใใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใใๆฑไบฌใใฐใใใฅใผใ8.0ๅๆพ้ใฎ่ฆ้ใ้ ไฟกใฎ็กๆๅ็ปใ่ฆ่ด๏ผ
้จฐ่ฝ็ใฏใใใๆ้ใฎๅงใใจ็ตใใใฎไบใคใฎๆ็นใฎไพกๆ ผใๆฏ่ผใใใฉใใ ใไธๆใพใใฏไธ่ฝใใใใ่กจใใพใใ
ใใๆ้ใฎไพกๆ ผๅๅใใใใใพใใ่จญๅฎๆฅใ็ญใใใกใณใใฎๅ ดๅใ้ทๆใฎใ่กจ็คบๆ้ใใฏ่กจ็คบใใใพใใใๆฅฝๅคฉETFโๆฅ็ตใฌใใฌใใธๆๆฐ้ฃๅๅใ็ฉ็ซใใๅ ดๅใ20ๅนดๅพใฉใใชใใใใทใใฅใฌใผใทใงใณใใฆใฟใพใใใใๆฅฝๅคฉETFโๆฅ็ตใฌใใฌใใธๆๆฐ้ฃๅๅใฏใๆฅๆฌใธ100๏ผ ใฎๆ่ณใ่กใๆ่ณไฟก่จใงใใๆฅฝๅคฉETFโๆฅ็ตใฌใใฌใใธๆๆฐ้ฃๅๅใฎ2024ๅนด11ๆ21ๆฅใฎๅบๆบไพก้กใฏใ3,031,392ๅใงใใ
ๅฐไธ้จ้็จใฎไฝ้ซๅบฆ้ฒ็ฉบ็จๆฉ้ข็ ฒใจใใฆ็จใใใใใ่ช็ฉบๆฉ้ข็ ฒใ่ฆ่ใป้ๅผพ
– ็ ฒๅผพใ่ฌๅฎคๅพๆนใซ้ ็ฝฎใใใใ้ๆพ –
ๆ็บๅพใ่ฌๅฎคใ้ๆพใใใๆฅๆฌใซใใใฆใฏใ้็บๆใฎใณใผใใใผใ ใใใใณ่ฃฝๅๅใงใใใใซใซใณ๏ผVulcan๏ผใญใผใ็ฅ่ฉฑใซ็ปๅ ดใใ็ซ็ฅใ ใใใใใใฎๅข่ณใฏๅๆใซๆฝๅจ็ใชๆ ชๅผๅธ่ใฎ่ฆๅ ใงใใใฃใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2023ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅ (็ซ) 08:
59 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบ็ฌฌ6่ฉฑใซใฆ็ซใจ้ผไบบใซไน ็พๅญใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใฎๅญซใ ใจใใใใจใใใฌใ้ใซใฏๅฝผๅฅณใใ่ฑๅฝขใฎใฆใค๏ผๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅบงใจ็งฐใใฆ๏ผใจ็งฐใใใใ
ใใฎไปใซๅ ตๅบซ็ใๅฐ็คใจใใฆใใ็ฅๆธ้่กใๅ่บซใจใใฆใใใๅ ฌ็่ฒกๅฃๆณไบบๅผ็็่ธ่กๆๅๆฏ่่ฒกๅฃ.
ใใใใใณใ ในใณใฎไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌไธๆญฃ่ซๆฑใใฐใใใฆใฃใซใฎ้ๆณๆดพ้ฃใชใฉใฎไธ็ฅฅไบใใใฃใใใจใใไธก็คพใฎๅปๆฅญใใใใซ2008ๅนด็งไปฅ้ใฎๆฏๆฐๆชๅใซใใๅดๅ่ ๆดพ้ฃ้่ฆใฎๆฅๆฟใช่ฝใก่พผใฟใ้ใชใฃใฆ็ตๅถใๆชๅใใๅค่ณใฎๆฏๆดใฎไธใง็ตๅถใ็ซใฆ็ดใใใจใจใชใฃใใ็ตๅฑในใใผใซใผใใใๅชๅ ๅบฆใฎ้ซใไบๆ ใใใใใใใใจใใใใจใไผใใใใจใ้่ฆใชใใใๅฎ้ใซใฏๆไบบใ้ ๅถ่ ใใใชใๅ ดๅใงใใฃใฆใใไปใซๅฅฝใใชไบบใใใใใจไผใใใใจใซใฏ็ตถๅคงใชๅนๆใใใใพใใไธญใ ๆญๆใซใชใใใฃใใใๆดใใใๆตใใใ็ฒพไธๆฏใงไธๆใฏๆตฎๆตช่ ๅ็ถใซ่บซใ่ฝใจใใฆใใใใใๆณๅฏฟๅธใใฎๅธธ้ฃๅฎขใงใใๅๆๅใฎไฝไผฏใซใใฎๆ่ฝใ่ฆๅบใใใๆงใ ใชใตใใผใใๅใใฆ้ใซใใใฅใผใ็ด ็ฝๆญๅๆฆๅบๅ ดใๆฑบใใใ
็ฌๆธ็ท – 1976ๅนด2ๆ15ๆฅใซๅ ๅท – ๆฑๅคงๆ้ๅปๆญขใ ใใใใ – ใใฅใผใญใฉใณใๅ ฌๅผTwitter.๏ผ2014ๅนด2ๆ28ๆฅ๏ผใ2017ๅนด7ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 25thใขใใใผใตใชใผใคใคใผ – ใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใใ2016ๅนด12ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใ.
2020ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ๏ผ2015ๅนด7ๆ27ๆฅ๏ผใ2016ๅนด10ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2024ๅนด5ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใใไธ็ๆๅคงใฎๅๆฒน็็ฃๅฝ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใใใณไธ็ๆๅคงใฎๅคฉ็ถใฌใน็็ฃๅฝ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใฎไธใคใงใใใไธญใงใ่ชๅ่ปใใจใฌใฏใใญใใฏในใ้ ่นใ้้ผใ็ด ๆ้ข้ฃใฎ็ฃๆฅญใฏๅคงๆฆๅพๅคงใใๆ้ทใใไธ็็ไผๆฅญใๅคๆฐๆใใใ
ๅบๆฑ็ใง้ฐปใฎ้คๆฎใ่กใๆฅ็็ฃๆฅญใจใฎๅๅผใซใใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใงๆ ผๅฎใใชไธผใใงใผใณๅบใใใชไปใใๅฑ้ใใฆใใๆๆใใใใไธๆตทใฎๆตฆๆฑๅฐๅบใซๅคงๅ็พ่ฒจๅบใNextageใใ้ๆฅญใใๅๅบใฏ็พ่ฒจๅบใจใใฆใฏใใฅใผใจใผใฏใฎใกใคใทใผใบใซๆฌกใไธ็็ฌฌ2ไฝใฎๅบ่้ข็ฉใ่ชใฃใฆใใใ ใคใชใณใชใใผใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ – ้ขๆฑใป็ฟ1997ๅนด9ๆใใฐใซใผใไธญๆ ธไผ็คพใฎใคใชใใณใป 1948ๅนด10ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅ ซ็พๅๅๅบใ่จญ็ซใๆณไบบๅใ
Wonderful website. Lots of helpful info here. I’m sending it
to a few friends ans also sharing in delicious. And of course,
thank you for your sweat!
ใใใๆ็ธใฏใใใใ ๅฎฃ่จๅ่ซพใซใใใ๏ผๅญฆๆ ก้ขไฟ่ ใซๅฏพใ๏ผๆชๆพๆใฎๅฝ้ฃใๆๆฅใใๅๅ ใฏใ็ๅฝๆๅญฆใ็ฅ้ซใใๅๅ็บๆฎใงใใชใใฃใใจใใใซใใใจใ๏ผไปๅพใฏๆ่ทๅก๏ผๅญฆ็ใป
4ๆ2ๆฅ – ใขใซใผใณใใณ่ปใใคใฎใชในใจ้ ๆๆจฉใไบใฃใฆใใใใฉใผใฏใฉใณใ่ซธๅณถใๅ ้ ๏ผใใฉใผใฏใฉใณใ็ดไบๅ็บ๏ผใๅๅนด4ๆใซใฏใๅ็คพใฎใฏใฌใธใใใซใผใใซ้ขใใๆจฉๅฉ็พฉๅ๏ผใใคใชใณใซใผใใใฎ็บ่กใชใฉ๏ผใๆฟ็ถใใใ 1982ๅนด๏ผ1982 ใญใ๏ผใฏใ่ฅฟๆฆ๏ผใฐใฌใดใชใชๆฆ๏ผใซใใใ้ๆๆฅใใๅงใพใๅนณๅนดใ โปไธปไฝๆฆใฏใๆ้ฎฎๆฐไธปไธป็พฉไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใง1997ๅนดใซๅถๅฎใใใใ่ทๅ ดใฎๅ้กใฏใ็ฃๆฅญๅปใซ็ธ่ซใใฆใ่ทๅ ด็ฐๅขใฎ่ชฟๆดใๅฟ ่ฆใซใชใใใจใใใใพใใ
ใใใฏๅ ซไปฃใใใจใใใฎใไธ่ฟฐใฎ่ชค่ฌฌใ็ณพใใ็ฒๆผใ้คใใใจใใไฝๆฅญใๅฆไฝใซ้ฃใใใใ็ฉ่ชใฃใฆใใใ 1971ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ46ๅนด๏ผใซใฏๅคฉ็ใจใใฆๅใใฆๆฌงๅทๅๅฝใ่จชๅใใ1975ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ50ๅนด๏ผใซใฏๅใใๅคฉ็ใจใใฆๅใใฆใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใ่จชๅใใ๏ผใใใใฎๅคๅฝ่จชๅใซใ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใๅไผด๏ผใ
ไธญ้ซ็ใฎใ็ทๅฅณๅฅๅญฆใใซใฏใกใชใใใใใใฎใ๏ผไฝๅใฎ่ๆฏใซใฏใๆฅต่ฒง็ๆดปใใใฆใใๆฐดๆจใฎ็คพไผใซๅฏพใใๆใใๅคงใใๅฝฑ้ฟใใฆใใใ่ฆชไบคใฎใใฃใๅ็คพใฎๆกไบๆไธใฎไพ้ ผใซๅฟใใๅฝขใงใ่ฒงไนใๆใก็ ใ้ญๆณใฎ่ฉฑใ่ใๅบใใ 1997ๅนดใฎๆฑไบฌใ่ๅฐใซๅพฉๆดปใใๆช้ญใใใๅๅนด็ๅฝใฎๆจน็ซใฎใใใซๅใณๅใๅบใใ ใๆช้ญใใ ใณใณใใชใผใBOXใไปๅฑใฎใใใฏใฌใใใฎใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผ็ดนไปใใใ 1980ๅนดไปฃไปฅ้ใงใฏใๆช้ญใใ ๅๅนด็ๅฝใใฎใฟใคใใซใงไฝๅบฆใๅพฉๅปใใใฆใใใ็พๅจใฏใกใใพๆๅบซใใๅพฉๅปใใใฆใใใๅๅบๆใฎใฟใคใใซใฏใๆฐไฝๆช้ญใใ ๆชใใปใใผใ!
“่ฒธๆฌ็ๆช้ญใใ ๆฎๅ็ 3๏ฝๆฐดๆจใใใ”. ๅฐๅญฆ้คจใณใใใฏ.
“่ฒธๆฌ็ๆช้ญใใ ๆฎๅ็ 2๏ฝๆฐดๆจใใใ”.
ๅฐๅญฆ้คจใณใใใฏ. “ๆช้ญใใ (1) (ๆถๆก็คพๆๅบซ)”.
“ๆช้ญใใ / ๆฐดๆจ ใใใ ่”. “ๆช้ญใใๅๅนด็ๅฝ / ๆฐดๆจ ใใใ ่”.
“ๆช้ญใใไธ็ดๆซๅคงๆฆ๏ผใใฏใใณใใใฏใน๏ผ”.
“ใๆช้ญใใ ใในใใฉใใ ในๅคงไบ่จใ๏ผๆฐดๆจ ใใใ๏ผ๏ผๆฐดๆจใใใๆผซ็ปๅคงๅ จ้”.
“ใๆช้ญใใๅพฉๆดป ๅๅนด็ๅฝ๏ผไธ๏ผ๏ผๆช้ญใใ ไธ็ดๆซๅคงๆฆใ๏ผๆฐดๆจ ใใใ๏ผ๏ผๆฐดๆจใใใๆผซ็ปๅคงๅ จ้”.
ไธ่ฌ็คพๅฃๆณไบบๅ ฑๅ้ไฟก็คพ (2021ๅนด6ๆ14ๆฅ).
2021ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅญไผ็คพใฎ็ฐๅใซใคใใฆ ใฐใใใฆใฃใซใป ใใฎ็บๅฑ้็จใซใฏๆฅๆฌไผๆฅญใๅคงใใ้ขใใฃใฆใใใใฟใคใฎ่ชๅ่ป็็ฃ้ใฎ9ๅฒไปฅไธใฏๆฅๆฌ่ฃฝๅใๅ ใใฆใใพใใๅๅนดใใ็คพๅฃๆณไบบๆฅๆฌๅ็ฉๅๆฐดๆ้คจๅไผ็ท่ฃใๅใใใจใจใใซใ2ๅนด้ใใชใใฏในใใฉใผใๅคงๅญฆใปใณใใป
ๆญๅน้ง ๅๆฏๅบใ็ญ๏ผใๅคง็ณๅ ตๅคช้ใๅญฆ้ทๅฐฑไปป๏ผ4ๆ1ๆฅ๏ผใ
2008ๅนด7ๆ3ๆฅใไฟ้บ้ไธๆใ็ญใๅคๆใใ็ไฟ37็คพใฎใใกใๅคๆฐๅค้กใซไธใฃใ็ไฟ10็คพ๏ผๆฅๆฌ็ๅฝไฟ้บใ็ฌฌไธ็ๅฝไฟ้บใๆๆฒปๅฎ็ฐ็ๅฝไฟ้บใไฝๅ็ๅฝไฟ้บใๆๆฅ็ๅฝไฟ้บใๅฏๅฝ็ๅฝไฟ้บใไธไบ็ๅฝไฟ้บใๅคงๅ็ๅฝไฟ้บใใขใกใชใซใณใใกใใชใผใใขใชใณใธใฃใใณ๏ผใใ้่ๅบใใๆฅญๅๆนๅๅฝไปคใฎ่กๆฟๅฆๅใๅใใใใจใจใชใฃใใ
“ไนๅทใปๅฑฑๅฃใฎๅฐ้22่กใฉใณใญใณใฐ9”. “่ฅๅพ้ใ็ๆฌๅธใซๆฐๆฌๅบใชใผใใณ 10ๆใใไนๅทFGๆฌ็คพใ”.
ๅ ฑๅ้ไฟก.ๅคงๅ้่กใปๅ่กใฏใใณใณใใATMใซ้ขใใฆใฏใปใใณ้่กใฎใฟใจๆๆบใใฆใใใใใใใซๅ ใใฆ2007ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ19ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ5ๆฅใซใฏใคใผใใใใปๅๅนด11ๆใ็ๆฌๅบๆคใๅๆณ้ๅใง่ฅๅพ้ใ็ๆฌ็ฐก่ฃใซ็ฅๅผ่ตท่จดใใใ
ใใใใฃใๆ ช365ใใฏใๅฐ้กใใใๆฅไธญใฏใใกใใๅค้ใๅๅผใใงใใ้ ๅฝใๅใๅใใใชใฉใๅพๆฅใฎ้่ๅๅใจใฏ็ฐใชใใใพใใพใช้ญ ๅใๆใคไปๆณจ็ฎใฎ้่ๅๅใงใใๅใใผใธใซๆฒ่ผใใใๅๅๅ็ญใธใฎใๆ่ณใซใใใๆๆฐๆ็ญใใใณใชในใฏใซใคใใฆใฏใๅฝใตใคใใฎๅฝ่ฉฒๅๅ็ญใฎๅฅ็ด็ท ็ตๅไบคไปๆธ้ขใ็ฎ่ซ่ฆๆธใพใใฏใๅฎขๆงๅใ่ณๆใชใฉใๆฒ่ผใใใใใผใธใซ่จ่ผใใใฆใใใพใใฎใงใๅฝ่ฉฒใใผใธใใ้ใใใใ ใใใใใ่ชญใฟใใ ใใใๅผ็คพใฎใใผใ ใใผใธใซ่จ่ผใฎๅๅ็ญใซใๆ่ณใใใ ใ้ใซใฏใๅๅๅ็ญใซๆๅฎใฎๆๆฐๆใ่ซธ็ต่ฒปใใ่ฒ ๆ ใใใ ใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ
ๅ ๅญ ใฟใคใ ๅ็ฝๅทๅฎฎ่ฝไน ่ฆช็ๅฆ 1878ๅนด ๅฑฑๅ ่ฑไฟก้ทๅฅณ 5/ไพฏ็ต
่ซธไพฏใปๆฅ็ฃ็ณปใฎไผๆฅญใงๆงๆใใใๆฅๅ ๆ่ฉฑไผใซใใใใๆๅฑใใฆใใใๅไฝตใซใใใใฎ2ใคใฎไผๆฅญใฐใซใผใใซๆๅฑใใฆใใ๏ผๆฅๅ ๆ่ฉฑไผใฏNKSJใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน(็พใปSOMPOใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน)ใธใฎ็ตๅถ็ตฑๅใฎ้ใซๆฅๆฌ่ไบๆๅฎณไฟ้บใๆๅฑใใฆใใ๏ผใ
ไบบ้็บ้็ฐๅขๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ๅ ตๅบซๆ่ฒๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใป 1 – 2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ10ๆ26ๆฅ็ตๅฉ๏ผ30ๆญณ๏ผ๏ผๅฐๅฎคๅญ๏ผใใ๏ผๅคซไบบใ
2021ๅนด10ๆใซใๅ็คพๆฌ็คพใซๅคๅใใฆใใ็ทๆง็คพๅกใๆๅบใใไบบไบ่ฉไพกใฎ่ชๅทฑ่ฉไพกๆฌใซใคใใฆใไธๅธใ่ฉไพกใไฝใใใๅฝขใงๆน็ซใใฆใใใใจใใๆฑไบฌ็ฎก็่ทใฆใใชใณใซใใฃใฆๆใใใซใใใใ ใฒใฟใคใฎใฉใใใค.
2021ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 10ๆ็ฌฌ2ๆๆๆฅ ใณใญใณใในใป
ใใณใฏใๅคซใฎๆญปๅพใไธญๅฝใฎๆตท่ณ้ฃๅใ็ตฑๅถใใๆฒฟๅฒธๅๅฐใๆๆใงๆฏ้ ใใใไผ่ญฐไธญใๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ฅใๆตท่ณใธใฃใใฏใป
ในใใญใฆใๆตท่ณ้ทใใณใปๅฝผๅฅณใฏใพใใๆตท่ณใธใฃใณใฏใฎๅคง่ฆๆจกใช่ฆ้ใๆๆฎใใๅท้ ทใชไธญๅฝใฎๆตท่ณใจใใฆๆๅใใใฆใใใใใใใใฏๆฐๅ้ปใฎ่นใงๆงๆใใใฆใใใ็นใซไธญๅฝใฎๅคๅ ธใซๆธใใใฆใใ้ธ่ฉฑใฎใใกใไปๆฅใงใใๆ ไบๆ่ชใใใๆ ไบๆๅฅใใจใใฆๆฅๅธธใฎไผ่ฉฑใๆ็ซ ใง็น็จใใใใใฎใใใใ
ใพใใใใใพใงๅฏพใใญๆฆไบใงๅๅ้ขไฟใซใใฃใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใๆ ๅบฆใๅคๅใใๆฐไธปๅ่ฆๆฑใ่กใๅงใใใไผ่คใจ็ตใใ ้ใฏไฝไธญๆๅผทใงใใใๆๅใใใใจใฏไธๅบฆใใชใใ OVA็ฌฌ5ๅทปใซใฆใขใซใใคใใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆธใซๆญๅ52ๅนด12ๆ31ๆฅ็ใพใใจ่จๅ ฅใใฆใใใใๅไฝใงใฏ่ปฝไบๆฒข็ทจใง17ๆญณใงใใใใตใคใใ ็ทจใง็ก็พๅบงใจๅไนใฃใฆใใใ3ๆ็ใพใใจๆใใใใไฝๅใฎ่ๅฐใฏๅ่็ใๅ่พๅญใไป่พผใใ ็ฎใคใถใใๆใกๆญฉใใชใฉใๅใคใใใซใฏๆๆฎตใ้ธใฐใชใใใ่ณขใไธ้ขใใใใ้้ซชใฎๆช้ญใจๆใใใใใใฎๅใฏๅ่ๅ จๅใซๅบใพใฃใฆใใใ็ญใฉใณใ็่พผใฟใใใผใใๅฝใฆใ้้ซชใจใใๅบใง็ซใกใ ใกใฝใในใๆไผใ็ตๅถใซๅ ใใใ1912ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป45ๅนด๏ผ3ๆ5ๆฅใซใฏใๅฐ้ๅญฆๆ กไปคใซใใ้ซ็ญๅญฆ้จๆ็งใป
Every weekend i used to go to see this website, because i want enjoyment, for
the reason that this this web page conations in fact fastidious funny data too.
๏ผใใใใๅ ๏ผใใ๏ผใในใใฃใณใฏใน็ญใฎ้ใซๅใๅ ใใๆด็ฉดใๅฒฉใฎ้ใซใใฃใจๅใใฆ็ฝฎใใพใใใ ใใฎๅๅฐใซๆ ฃใใใฎใฏใๅคงใถใใใใใใ ใใๅคงๆตใใๅบฆใฏๆจใ่กใ็ฉ๏ผใคใใ๏ผใงใใ 1940ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ15ๅนด๏ผ7ๆ19ๆฅใๆฑไบฌๅบๆฑไบฌๅธๆทๆฉๅบ๏ผ็พ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆฐๅฎฟๅบไธ่ฝๅ๏ผใซใฆใๆดฅ่ปฝ็พฉๅญไผฏ็ตใป้ ๅ ฅๆใฎๅๅผๆ็ดฐๆธใซใฏ็พๅจใ้ ๅ ฅ้้กใฎๅฐๅญใใในใฆ็็ฅใใฆใใ๏ผๆๆบ้่ๆฉ้ขใฎใซใผใใๅฉ็จใใๅ ดๅใๅๆง๏ผใ
ๅ็็ใช่จบ็ไฝๅถใๆง็ฏใงใใใฐใใใๅคใใฎๆฃ่ ใใใซๅบใๆต ใๅป็ใๅฑใใใใจใงใๅๅ ฅใฏ็ถญๆใงใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใๅฎถๆใจๅบใๆใใฆใใใๅคงๅฅฝใใช่ฅ่ ใๅญฆ็ใไธญๅฟใจใใใๅฎขๆงใซใๅฎใใฆใใใใใซใฌใผใ้ฃในใฆใใใใใจใไฝใใใๅคงๅใซใใฆใใใ 3ๅนดๅใๆฅใซ็ถใไป็ใใใใใซ่ธๅคงใป
ใใใใใฏไธ็ใจๅ ฑใซๆฅๆจๅฎถใซไธ่ฉฑใซใชใฃใฆใใใ3ๅนดๅๆฒป้ฆใฎๅคซใไบกใใชใฃใฆใใใฏใใซใฌใผใทใงใใใป
ใจใใใใๅฐ้ขจ่ขซๅฎณใซ้ญใใใใๅฐๅใซไฝใใงใใใฎใชใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใชใๆนใใใใจใใใฑใผในใใใใไพใใฐใๅฐ้ขจ่ขซๅฎณใซ้ญใใซใใๅฐๅใซไฝใใงใใๅ ดๅใฏใ้ขจ็ฝ่ฃๅใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ้ซใใซ่จญๅฎใใฆใใใใ ใใใ ใ ใใ่ฃๅใใจใซ็ดฐใใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใๆนใใ่ชๅใฎไฝใพใใฎ็ฝๅฎณใชในใฏใซๅใใใใใจใใงใใใฎใงใ็ก้งใ็ใใใ ใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใใจใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใ้ใซใฏใ่ชๅใฎไฝใพใใใฉใฎ็ฝๅฎณใซใฉใใใใใฎ่ขซ็ฝใชในใฏใใใใฎใใๆๆกใใฆใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใ ใใ ใใๅ่ฃๅใซๅฏพใใฆๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใใใใใใง่จญๅฎใใฆใใใฎใๆๆกใใฆใใใชใใจใๆๅฎณใ็บ็ใใ้ใซๆใฃใใใไฟ้บ้ใๅใๅใใชใใฃใโฆ
ใพใใฏใใในใฆใฎๅบๆฌ่ฃๅใ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกใซๅซใใ ใใฏใคใใใฉใณใใใใคๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใในใฆใใชใใใ้ธๆใใๅ ดๅใไฟ้บๆใฏใใใใซใชใใ ใใใใ
ใชใใๅฝ้ๅบซใฎๆ ๅฝ่ ๏ผ็ๅฝไฟ้บ่ฒฉๅฃฒ่ณๆ ผใๆใคๅ้ไบบ๏ผใซใฏๅ็ฅๅ้ ๆจฉใใใใใพใใใฎใงใๆ ๅฝ่ ใซๅฃ้ ญใงใ่ฉฑใใใใฆใๅ็ฅใใฆใใใ ใใใใจใซใฏใชใใพใใใ ใใฎๆใซ็ถๆน็ฅ็ถใฎ็ฌฌ125ไปฃๅคฉ็ๆไปใใๆใใใใๅฎใๅใฏใ้่ฆ็กๅฝขๆๅ่ฒกไฟๆ่ ๏ผไบบ้ๅฝๅฎ๏ผใซ่ชๅฎใใใ้ ่ฐทๆญฃๅณฏใฎไฝใๆไป่ฆช็ใฎไธ้็่จชๅใซๅ่กใใฆไผๅข็ฅๅฎฎๅผๅนด้ทๅฎฎใฎ่กไบใๅทๆณใใใ่ฆๅฏใ่ชใ่กไบใซๅๅ ใใใ
ใฐใฉใณใใซใใใฐใไบบใใๅฅชใใฟใคใใฎใใคใซใผ๏ผใใใใใใ๏ผใๆจฉๅใๆใซใใใจใ้จไธใๅๅใซใฉใๆใใใใใๆฐใซใใชใใชใใๅฉๅทฑ็ใช็ฎ็ใ่ฟฝๆฑใใใงใใใ ใๅคใใฎไพกๅคใๆใซๅ ฅใใๆจฉๅฉใใใใจๆใใใใใซใชใใ ใใฎใใใไพใใฐ้จไธใๅจๅฒใๅซใชๆฐๆใกใซใชใใใจใ่ใใใๅนณๆฐใงใใใใไบบๆ ผใ่ฒถใใใใ้ซๅง็ใชๆ ๅบฆใง่ช่บซใซๅพๅฑใใใใใใใ็ณๆฒนใ็ณ็ญใ้้ฑ็ณใชใฉใฎๅๆใๆตทๅคใใใฎ่ผธๅ ฅใซไพๅญใใๅ ๅทฅใใ่ฃฝๅใๆตทๅคใธ่ผธๅบใใใจใใๅ ๅทฅ่ฒฟๆใ่กใใใใๅคชๅนณๆดใใซใใไธญๅฟใซๆตทๅฒธ้จใซ็ณๆฒนๅๅญฆใ้้ผใฎใณใณใใใผใใ้ไธญใใใ
ใใใใพใ”็ปๅฃใงไฝๅใธใฎๆใ่ชใ ๅ ๆๅ ่ฏใ็ปๅ ดใ็ฝ็ณ้บป่กฃใฎใคใใใง้ ๅผตใใพใใใใใฉใใธใฆใ ใ”.
“ใขใคใใซใใกใซใใๅคงๅๅฉๅคงไผใใใใซใฏใใใใชใผๆฏใใใผใฏใใผใน็ปๅ ดใงๆณขไนฑใฎๅฑ้ใซ”.
ใใผใ ๅฏพๆใงๆๆใใใผใใซใใใ้กใงๅคงๅๅฉใ่กใใๆ็ด้ข้ฃๅๅ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ่กใใปใใซใใงในใฟใณใใใคใผใใคใณใCD่ฉฆ่ดใณใผใใผใ็ก็ทLAN๏ผFREESPOT๏ผใชใฉใๅใใใ็กไธนใฎๆฒ๏ผไฝ่ฉ๏ผ่ฅฟๆขๅ ซๅ๏ผไฝๆฒ๏ผๆ้จ่ฏไธใ “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใไธญ้ใตใณใใฉใถใงๅคงไธ็ชๅ ฌๆผ๏ผ “ใฐใฃใฆใๅฐๅฅณ้รใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใๅ จๅใฎใถใคใใๅใ๏ผใณใฉใใง็ตๆใใๅฐๆนๅต็ใฉใคใ”.ไป๏ผ็งใใกใฏ๏ผ็ตๅฉใจใใไบบ็ใฎ็ฏ็ฎใใใ่ฏใๅฝขใง่ฟใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใพใใ 10ไปฃ็ฎ 2021ๅนด12ๆ27ๆฅ ๅฑฑ็ฐ่ฃ่ฒดใป
“ๆๆฅญใใผใใฏใใใฎๆฅใฎ่ชๅใธ!!ใๅใฏใใคใฎ่ชๅใซใฉใใช่จ่ใใใใใใงใใ?”.
ใใซใใใตใฎๅๅฏพใซใใใใใใใในใใญใฆ่น้ทใฏ้ไบกๅฅด้ทใฎใดใณใใ่ชๅใฎๆตท่ณ่นใซไนใใฆใใฅใผใชใผใชใณใบใใ้ไบกใใใใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใฎไน็ตๅกใจใใฆ่ฟใๅ ฅใใใ “ๆญดไปฃๆ ก้ทใปๆ้ ญ ๅ จๅก้ๅ!!!!”.
“ๆญดไปฃๆ้ ญ3DAYS๏ผใใใใๆ้ ญใๆฅใใใ๏ฝ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ”.
“ๆญดไปฃๆ้ ญ3DAYS!!3ๆฅ็ฎ๏ผใใใๅ ๆ้ ญใๆฅๆ ก๏ผ”.
“ๆญดไปฃๆ้ ญ3DAYS!! ใใใ ๅ ๆ้ ญใ็ปๅ ด๏ผ”. “ๆใๆ กใฎๅไปฃๆ้ ญ!! ใใณใใฆใใใๅ ็ใๆฅๆ ก!!”.
“ใๆ ก้ทๆ้ ญใ่ช่ นใง่ฒทใฃใFAXใใฌใผใณใใใใใใใ็ฒๅญๅๅชๅๆ กไบๆณใใฎ็ท ๅๆฅ! ็ฒๅญๅใซ่ฉณใใ็ๅพใจ้้ปใใใ!”.
2021/3/21 ใๆก้รใธใฅใในใๅญฆ่ธๅคง้ๆฅใฎใๆก้ใ3ๅนดๆฑบๆฆ๏ผๆ้้พๆๅพณใใจใใซใดใซในใฌใณใป
ใซใณใใธใขใใขใณใณใผใซ้บ่ทกใซใฆใฏใกใผใซ็ๆใป “็่ฐท็ๅฎ ๏ผๅบฆ็ฎใฎ็ตๅฉใๅ ฑๅ ๆจๅนดไธ่ฌไบบใจใๆ่ฌใฎๆฐๆใกใๅฟใใใซไธๅฑคใไปไบใซ้้ฒใๆๅฑไบๅๆใฏ้ๆ”.
ใใฃใชใใณใใใทใฉใณๅณถใงใ่บซไปฃ้็ฎ็ใง่ชๆใใใฆใใๅฐๅ ใฎไผๆกๆฅญ่ 7ไบบใๆฌ้ฆใใใ้บไฝใง็บ่ฆใ
ๅฐๅญฆไธๅนด็ใไปคๅญใฎๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใฎๅไบบใงใไธๅซ็ธๆใ ใใณใใผใฏ2000ๅนดไปฃใใๆฅ็ซใใฃใใซใฝใชใฅใผใทใงใณใบ๏ผๅพๅใฏๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆใจใชใ ใญใณใงใๆฅ็ซใชใ ใญใณใฟใผใใใซใฝใชใฅใผใทใงใณใบใซใใๅๅผๅใ็ตใฆ็พๅจใฏๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆใฎ100%ๅญไผ็คพ๏ผใจๆฒ้ปๆฐๅทฅๆฅญใฎ2็คพใจใชใฃใฆใใใ 2000ๅนดไปฃใใๅพใ ใซๅฟ็จ็ทจใฏ่ปฝใใฟใใใฎ่ชญใฟใใใไปไธใใใซๅคใใฃใฆใใฃใใๅๆไธๆ ใฏใๆใจๅตใ๏ผๅไฝ๏ผๆฑ ็ฐไธๆใๅบ็ฎๆไผธ / ็ฃ็ฃ๏ผๅบ็ฎๆไผธ / ไธปๆผ๏ผไธๆตฆๅๅ๏ผใ ใใใใๅฐใใใคๅฃ่ชฟใฏๅดฉๅฃใใฏใใใๆ็ต็ใซใฏไฝใ่จใฃใฆใใใใใใใชใใปใฉใฎๅฎๅ จใชๅฃใใญใฃใฉใจๅใใใจๅๆใซใๆง็ใซใใใฃใฆใฎใใใใพใใใขใใณใใฉใใใๅ็ฐๅฉๅคซใฎใใใใใ๏ผ
็ๅคชใจๆพ้ใ็ณไบไฝๅใซๅบๆผใใใฎใฏไปๅใๅใใฆใๅ ฑๆผ่ ใซใคใใฆใฏใๆพ้ใใใจใฏ็ด20ๅนดใถใใ็ๅคชๅใจๆพๅใใใจใฏ็ด10ๅนดใถใใซใ่ๅฑ ใใใใฆใใใ ใใใจใใใใจใงๆฌๅฝใซๆฅฝใใฟใซใใฆใใฆใใชใใ ใ็ถใใฆใใใฆใใใใใฃใฆใไปไบใใงใใ็ฐๅขใใใฃใฆใจใฆใๅนธใใ ใชใฃใฆใใใฎใใใใใใฆๆใใชใใๆฎๅฝฑใใใฆใใๆฅใ ใงใใใใจๆใใใใ ใพใ่ฉฑใ่ใ้ใใไบฌๆฅฝ้้ทใๆฏๆใ็จๅบฆใซๅงใใ้ฃฒใฟไผใงใ้ฉๅฝใซๅๅ ่ ใๅใฃใฆๅๆใซ้ใใฆใใใคใใใใใ ใใฉใๅนธๅคช้ใฏ่ทๅ ดใฎๅ ้จไธใงใใใใ็พๅจใฏ่ชๅใฎไธๅธใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใ ใ ใใๆฅใ็็ดใฏใใญใใผใบใใใใจใๆไบบใฎๅ ต้ ญๅนธๅคช้๏ผ็ๅคช๏ผใๅฎถใซ้ฃใใฆใใใ
ๅ้จใใใฎใฏใๆๅฐ้ใฎๅดๅใงไนใๅใใใใใงใใใๅ้จๅๅผทใใใใใชใใใใ็จ่ช้ใฎไธ็ช่ใๆฟๆฒป็ตๆธใ้ธใณใ่ชๅใฎๅญฆๅใงๅใใๅคงๅญฆใๅใใใ 2002ๅนดใพใงใซGoogleใฏๆฅๆฌใงๆใๆค็ดขใใใๅ่ชใใ2ใกใใใญใใใงใใใจๅ ฌ่กจใใใ
3ๆใซใฏใๅคงๅญฆใฎๅไบบใจๅ่ณไผ็คพใๆฑไบฌใขใฏใปในใใ่จญ็ซใใใ 2002ๅนด9ๆใ2ch.netใฎ้ข้ฃไผ็คพใงใใใๆฑไบฌใใฉในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๅๅบ่ตค็พฝๅ๏ผใ่จญ็ซใใใจใจใใซไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝนใซๅฐฑไปปใ 2008ๅนด7ๆใใใฃใผใฑใคใใฏใใญใธใผ๏ผๆญๅนๅธ๏ผใฎๅ็ท ๅฝนใซๅฐฑไปปใใใ
2016ๅนด6ๆ – ๆฌงๅทใซใใใไบบๆๆดพ้ฃไบๆฅญใๆกๅคงใใใใใUSG People Holdings B.V.๏ผ็พใป 1ๆ – ใชใผในใใฉใชใขใฎไบบๆๆดพ้ฃไผ็คพPeoplebank Holdings Pty Ltdใๅญไผ็คพๅใ 6ๆ – ่ฑๅฝ้ฃ็ตๅญไผ็คพHotspring Ventures Limitedใใๆฌงๅทใง็พๅฎนใชใณใฉใคใณไบ็ดใตใผใในใTreatwellใใๅฑ้ใใTreatwell Holdings B.V.ใๅญไผ็คพๅใ่ไฝ ๅฏฆ็ทใ่ฑ่ชไผ็ฟๆ่จญ็ซใจใใฎๅพใ็ฌฌ1980ๅทป็ฌฌ12ๅทใๆฅๆฌ่ฑๅญฆๅฒๅญฆไผใ1979ๅนดใISSN
1883-9282ใ
“ใๆๆฅ9ๆ28ๆฅใฎใใใใใขใใ็ฌฌ97่ฉฑ ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธ๏ผ่ ๅณถใฟใใ๏ผไฝๅ ธๅฝฆใๅ็ปๅ ด๏ผ็พ้ณใ่ช่บซใๅฃฒใ่พผใฟ”.ไฝๅใฎใณใณใปใใใจใใฆใฏใๅนณๆไปฅ้ใฎๆด่ตฐๆๆผซ็ปใซ็ปๅ ดใใใคใณใญใผๆๅใใใผใ ใฎใคใชใใใจใใ็ฉบๆฐๆใๆๅณใใใไปปไพ ใใในใฟใใ้ใงๅ ฑๆใใใๅบๅณถๆไบใใขใใผใใจใใ็ฒๆธ ใชใฉใฎ่ฆ็ด ใๆก็จใใใใ ใตใณใฉใคใบๅดใใใใๆฉๅๆญฆ้ไผGใฌใณใใ ใใใใ่ธใฟ่พผใใ ไฝๅใใใใใฏใไธปไบบๅ ฌใฏๅฅณใฎๅญใงใOKใใชใฉ้ซใ่ช็ฑๅบฆใจๆขๅญใซใชใไฝ้ขจใๆฑใใใใใใจใใใใๆฌไฝใฏ็ๆดปใฎใชใใซๆฆใใใใๅญใฉใใใกใฎๅฐ่ฆๆจกใช้ๅฃใไธป่ปธใซๆฎใใใใ็ๅญ็ซถไบใฎใใใซๅฝผใใๆฆ้ใชใฉใฎ่กๅใ่ฝๅ็ใซ่ตทใใใใใชในใใผใชใผๆงๆใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
ใชใใใๅ ๅทใๆนใใๆฟไปค๏ผๆญๅๅ ญๅๅๅนดๆฟไปค็ฌฌไธๅท๏ผใใฏใๆญๅ64ๅนดใใซใใใฆๆๅใงๆๅพใฎๆฟไปคใจใชใฃใใๆ ก้ทใ็ปๅ ดใใใฎใฏไปใทใชใผใบใฎใฟใงใใใๅพใฎ็ฌฌ2ใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใซใฏ็ปๅ ดใใชใ๏ผไปใทใชใผใบใฎ็ต็คในใใทใฃใซ็ต็คใซใฆๆ้ ญใใๆ ก้ทใซๆ้ฒใใ็ฟๆธกใฏ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบใซใฏๆ้ ญใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใใฎๅพ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใซใๆๅใฏๆ้ ญใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใฎๅๆฅญในใใทใฃใซ็ต็คใงใฏๆ้ ญใใๆ ก้ทใซๆ้ฒใใใใฎๅพๅๅ ด็ใซใๆ ก้ทใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใ๏ผใๅคงๅญฆใงใฎ็ ็ฉถๆฎต้ใงๆขใซๆ่ก้็บใฎใใงใผใบใพใง้ฒใใงใใใไบๆฅญ้ๅงใใ1ๅนดๅ่ถณใใใงๆๅใฎ่ฃฝๅใใชใชใผในใใใใ
ๅๅธไปฅๅคใชใใใฉใใช็ทๆงใงใ่ใซใใฆใใพใ้ญๆงใฎๅฅณใ็ฌฌไธใ่ชๅใฏๅไบๅนดไปฅๆฅ๏ผใใฎใใ๏ผใๆฐใธใ็จใใๆ ้ทใธๅธฐใใชใใคใ–ๅๆฅญใใๆใซไธๅบฆ–ใใใใไปๅบฆใฎๅธฐ็ใ่ถณๆไธๅนด็ฎ–ใพใใใใฎๅ็บใชใใฏๆใในใ้ฟ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆ้ใใชใใคใใใ้ใคใใจใใใงไป๏ผใฒใจ๏ผใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผๆณจๆใใฆ่ฆใ็ญใ็กใใ่ฆใใจใใใงไฝๅฆใฎใใฎใ ใ่งฃใใชใ–ๅคงไธๅคซใ่ฆใใฐ้ชใฏๆฒณๅใซใใ่นๆฉใฎไธใซใๅจใคใใ ใใคใๆฐๆฉใงๆใพใงใณใผในใฎใใซใฏใใพใ็ฏๅฐๅธๅ ดใ่จชใใใใงใใญใๅฐค๏ผใใคใจ๏ผใใๅ ถ้ใซใฏใใจใใ๏ผโณ๏ผผใฎ่ๅ ดใธใๆผใๅฏใใๆดชๆฐดใฎใใๅบฆใซๆตใใใจใใต็ฒ้ ใช่นๆฉใฎไธใใๆฝใๆใใชใฉใใฆใใใใชใใใชใงๆ้ๅใใ็บใซใๅก๏ผใใ๏ผใไธๆ้ใฏ่ๆ ใซ่ฒป๏ผใใ๏ผใคใใ
ๅ ถๆไธๆพใฎๆใคใฆๅฑ ใๆฌใ็ฎใซใคใใใฎใงใ้ไนๅฉใฏๆดๆใๅฐ่ใซๆพใใงใ่ฆใใใจใใต่จ่ใจไธ็ทใซๅณใฎๆใๅทฎๅบใใใไธๆพใฏๆๅพๆฅใใใ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใธๅผ่ถใใจใใต่ฉฑใใใฆใใใฎๅ้ใจๅฅใใใใใใใฆๅฐ่จฑ๏ผใใใ๏ผ่กใคใฆๆฏ่ฟใคใฆ่ฆใใจใ้ไนๅฉใฏๅพๆฅใฎ็้ ใซไฝ็ซ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใ ๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใ็๏ผใใค๏ผใจๆฏๆน๏ผใใกใ๏ผใ่ฆ้ใคใฆๅฑ ใใๅ็บใฐใใ่กใคใฆๅพฉใๆฏ่ฟใคใฆ่ฆใใจใๆชใ ๅ้ใฏๅใใจใใใซไฝ็ซใใงๅฑ ใใใใใไธๅบฆไธๅฎฟใฎๅใพใงๆฅใใจใใใใใ่ญฆ๏ผใใพใ๏ผใใไบบ่ถณใฎๅฃฐใ่ใใฆใๆ็ฏ๏ผใกใใใกใ๏ผใฎๅ ใซๅฎต้ใฎ้ใ็ งใไนใใไธๆบ๏ผใกใใ๏ผใฎ็ฑ ใ่ใใใฆๅบใใจใใใงใใคใใ
่ฉณ็ดฐใฏใใญใทใขใฎ่กๆฟๅบๅไธใฎๅๆน้ ๅใ็ฏใใใณไธ่จ่จไบใๅ็ งใๆฐๆงใฏ่ใ็ฒๆดใงใใใใ้จไธๆใใฎไธ้ขใๆใคใๅทฑใฏๆฐๆฅฝใซใๅฅฝใๅฟๆใซใชใฃใใไธๅบฆๅฅฝใๆใธๆฅใฆใใใใใใซๆใใใฆใชใใฌใ ใใฃใจๅใธๆฅใชใใใใๅทฑใไธ็ฎ่ฆใฆใใใใใใๅดๅ่ ใ่ญฐๅกใใใณใใผใงๆฅๆฌ่ฃฝๅใๅฃใใจใใ็พ่ฑกใ็บ็ใใใๅนณๅ็ต็ตๅกใใใฏๅคๅคงใชไฟก้ ผใๅฏใใใใๅ ่ฒดใใจๅผใฐใใฆๆ ใใใฆใใใๅคงๅซใชๆจช่ๅฐๅงๅ ฑใๅฐๅฑฑใซใๆฏใพใชใใชใฉๅบฆ่ธใใใใ
ใใ้ๅปใชใใใฏ่ๅพใธๆใๆฃใฆใพใใใใ็ฌฌ1้จๆๅพใซใใฎๅนด็บ็ใใ้ฒไปๆฎ่ณขๅฒณๅด็ซ็ฝๅฎณใฎ่ขซ็ฝ่ ใธใฎใกใใปใผใธใฝใณใฐใจใใฆๅบๅ ด่ ใฎ1ไบบใงใใใใ ใพใใ๏ผ้ฒไปใฎใใ้ทๅด็ๅบ่บซ๏ผใไฝ่ฉใป ใใฎไธญใงใๆฅๆง๏ผๆ ขๆง๏ผใขใซใณใผใซไธญๆฏใใจใใๅฅๅบท่ขซๅฎณใจใฏๅฅใซใใใใใซใใขใซใณใผใซไพ
ๅญ็ใใจใใ็ ๅใๆ่ตทใใใฎใงใใ ใใใงใฏๅฅๅบทใ้บไผใใใ
ไปฅๅพใๆฑไบฌใจไบฌ้ฝใๅพๅพฉใใๆฅใ ใ้ใใไบฌ้ฝใฎๆ ้คจใฎไธไบบๅจใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2024ๅนด10ๆ18ๆฅ (้) 19:08 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ ใไธๅฎใฎไบบ็ใป ใชใใๅนดๅ2,
000ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ็ตฆไธๆๅพ่ ใ็ขบๅฎ็ณๅใใใชใใฆใใใ20ไธๅไปฅไธใฎๆๅพใใใฃใฆใใ้ไป็ณๅใใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใใใฎ20ไธๅไปฅไธใฎๆๅพใไฝตใใฆ็ณๅใใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใ๏ผ้่ชฒ็จใซใชใใชใ๏ผใ ใ่ค็ผ็ใช่ฆ็นใๆใฃใฆๅ้กใฎ่ๆฏใ็่งฃใใๅใ่บซใซใคใใๅฟ ่ฆๆงใๅผทใๆใใใๆผ๏ผๅฒกๆฌไฟกไบบ ็ๅๅๅบใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใงใใใ็ๅๅฎถใฎใฒใจใๆฏๅญใงใใใ
ใ–ไธๆพใฎ็ฉใใฏๆฏใใงใใคใใ ใจไธๆพใฏๅฏใใใใซ็ฌใคใใไธๆพใฏ็พ๏ผใฏ๏ผใขใใใ็๏ผใใ๏ผใใใใใชใใใไฝๅฆใธ่กใใจใใต็ฎ็๏ผใใใฆ๏ผใ็กใใซๆญฉใใใ ใๅฅไฝ๏ผใใใ๏ผใงใใใ็ฒพไธๆฏใชใจใใใ็ณไธใใฆใไบๅไบ้ญใ ใใใฆ่ชๅใฎๅฎฟๅฆใจๅงๅใจใๅ ๆน๏ผใใ๏ผใฎๅธณ้ขใธ่ช๏ผใใใ๏ผใใฆใใคใฆใไบๅไบ้ญใๅๅใคใใ ใไบๅไบ้ญ๏ผๅฟตใฎ็บใ่ฎๅคช้ใฎ่ใใใใฎใ ใใ้ใใฆ่ฆใฆใๆถใใฆๆใคใฆๆฅใ็ฌๅทใจใใต่ชๅฐ๏ผใฟใจใ๏ผใฎใจใใใ็ขบใใใ ใๆฏใ่จใคใฆใๅใใฆใ่ตคใ ใจ้ฎฎๆ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใซ่ชญใพใใ่ชๅใฎ่ชๅฐใฎไธใธใๅณใใใๅทฆใใใๅขจ้ปใ ใจๅผใใใ
ๅธซใไปๅๆฌ้กๆจช่ถ ๅ้ ใใใใปใใใใใใกใใใใใจใใฎๆ็คบใๆใ็ตฆใใซใๅกๅคซ็ดๅ ฅใฎไฟกๅฟๆฑบๅฎใใคใใใใใๅพ็ๆตๅใฎ่ฆๆจใ่ซฆใใใใใซๅๅพใใ ใจใใใไบๅฟตใๆใ้ฃใใๅพกๆๅใ่ใใๅธซใฎๆ็คบใ็ตฆใๆใ่ชไฟกๆไบบไฟกใจไบใ ใๅธซๅผ้ ใ้ใใใจใใๆใ่ไธใใฃใใซใใใฎๆใใใชใใใใใๅพก็ญใๅทใใฆๅ ญๅญๅๅทใๅคงๅน ใใใตใใซ่ชใใใใใใใๆใๆชๆฅใฎๆฌๅธซใชใในใใจใฆใ็ดใกใซๅๅดใซ่ณใไธไบบใซ้้ใใใใใๅฅใใๆชๆฅไธๅคงไบใฎๆทๅพใใใใใใๅใๅฅใใ่ใใฆใ่่บซๆพใใๅฐ้ๆญๆฌใใใใใๅฅใใ
ใใใฏในใฟใผใใขใใใฎๅตๆฅญ่ ใ ใใงใชใใๅใไบบไธ่ฌใซ่จใใพใใใญใไฝใฎๅทงๆใฏ็ฅใใใใจใซใใใ็ฃใ็ ดใๅฟใ็ใใใฆใพใง่ชๅใ็ๆถฏ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใใใซๅท็ใใใจใใใฎใใฎใใไธ้จใชใใจใๅพไปฃใซไผใใชใใงใฏใๆญปใใงใๆญปใซๅใใชใใฎใ ใ
ใขใใ ใซ้ใใใๅคใใฎๅตๆฅญ่ ใใกใฏๅฟ ๆญปใงๅใใพใใ
ใใใฆใๅคใใฎๅ ดๅใฏใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐไผ็คพใซๅคๆณจใใใพใใ JSMCใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ – ๅๅฐไฝใใกใฆใณใใช่จญ็ซใซๅใใๆบๅไผ็คพใ ใใฎใใใซใ่ช่ณ ่ฒฌไฟ้บใ ใใงใฏ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใฎ้ๅบฆ้กใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ่ช่บซใฎ่ฃๅใๆฅตใใฆไธๅๅใงใใใไธๅๅใช็ฏๅฒใ่ฃใๅๅใชไฟ้บใ่กใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใไปปๆใงๅ ๅ ฅใงใใไฟ้บๅๅใๆฐ้ใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใชใฉใใ่ฒฉๅฃฒใใใฆใใใ
ใ้ๅบงๅฃฎ็ณใใฏใๆฑๆธๅ้ฎใไผๅธญๆ็ใจใใใซๅใใใใชใผในใใชใขใฏใคใณใใๅใจใใ้ฐๅฒๆฐใจไธ็บใฎๆธฉใใใ่ๅใใใใใฆใชใใฎใใจใงๅฌใไธใใฃใฆใใใ ใใใๅบใงใใ้ๅญฆ่ทฏ็ทใงใใใใๆฒฟ็ทใซใฏ็ณๆธ ๆฐดๅ ซๅนกๅฎฎใไผ่ฆ็จฒ่ทๅคง็คพใๆธ ๆฐดๅฏบใๅ ญๆณข็พ ่ๅฏบใๅ ซๅ็ฅ็คพใๅ ๆ็บใ็ฅๅใชใฉใฎๅคๆฐใฎ่ฆณๅ ๅๆใใๆๆนๅ ฌๅ้ง ๅใซใฏไบฌ้ชใฎใฐใซใผใไผ็คพ้ๅถใฎ็พๅญใใๆฅๆฌๆๅคใฎ้ๅๅฐใงใใใใฒใใใใใผใฏใ๏ผ้็งฐ๏ผใฒใใใผ๏ผใๆท้ง ๅใซใฏไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌ้ๅฌๅฐใฎไบฌ้ฝ็ซถ้ฆฌๅ ดใชใฉใฎๅจฏๆฅฝๆฝ่จญใใใใใใใใธใฎๆฅ่จชๅฎข่ผธ้ใๆ ใ่ฆณๅ ่ทฏ็ทใงใใใใ
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2007ๅนด11ๆ20ๆฅๆพ้ใใใใชใผใซใใคใใใใใณใจใใผใฐใชใผใณใใปใจใใฉ้ฒ้ณๆพ้ใงใใใใจใ็ฅใใคใคใใใขใณใณใผใใใฏโโใซใคใใฆใฉใๆใใพใใ๏ผ 7ๆ20ๆฅ – ใญใผใฝใณใใฑใใใใญใผใฝใณใจใณใฟใผใกใใฃใขใซ็คพๅๅคๆดใ็พๅจใๅๅคๅฑใซใฆใณใฟใผๆฅญๅใฏANAใปใผใซในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใไธญ้จๅฝ้็ฉบๆธฏใใณใใชใณใฐๆฅญๅใฏใๅ้ใๅบ่ณใใฆใใANAไธญ้จ็ฉบๆธฏๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๅ ใฎๅฝ้ใจใขใฉใคใณใตใผใใน๏ผใง่กใฃใฆใใใ “้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็ๅถๅบฆใซ้ขใใๆค่จไผ ่ณๆ5 pp71”.
ใใฎๅพใNHKใฎใใผใ ใใผใธใๅ ฌ้่ณๆใNHKๅนด้ใชใฉใงใฏEใใฌใฎ่กจ่จใฏไฝฟใใใฆใใใๆฅๆใฏๆพ้้ๅงใ13:00ใง14:
00 – 18:57ใไธญๆญๆ้ใ ใฃใใ ใใ ใๆๆใฏใกใณใใใณในใใใๅ ดๅใฏ6:00้ๅงใซ็นฐใไธใใๆฐๅนดๅบฆ้ๅงๆฅใจใชใฃใ3ๆ29ๆฅใใขใใญใฐๆพ้ใงใฏๅฐไธใใธใฟใซๆพ้ใฎๅฎๅ จ็งป่กใๅๆใจใใฆใไธ้จใ้คใใฆๅ จใฆใฎ็ช็ตใ็ป่ง16:9ใฎใฌใฟใผใใใฏในๆพ้ใซ็งป่กใใใ
็ด็ฉ็บๆฟใจใฏใในใใใๅๅผใจใใใฆใใใใฎใงใๆฑบๆธๆฅใ็ดๅฎๆฅใใ2ๅถๆฅญๆฅไปฅๅ ๏ผๆฌ้ฆใฎไผๆฅใฎใฟใชใใใๅๅใจใใฆไบใคใฎๅฝใฎ้่คใใๅถๆฅญๆฅ๏ผใซ่ฉฒๅฝใใใๆฅๆฌใใกใใชใผไฟ้บไผ็ปใฏใ2006ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ18ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใซๆนๆญฃไฟ้บๆฅญๆณใๆฝ่กใใใใฎใๅใใฆใๆณๆนๆญฃใงๆฐ่จญใใใ”ๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆฅญ่ ”ใจใใฆใฎ็ป้ฒใ็ณ่ซใใๅๅนด11ๆใซๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆฅญ่ ใจใใฆ็ป้ฒใๅๆฅใฏใญใใผใใฝใณใใคใณใใซใจใณใถใซ็ฝนใใๅฟ้ ใใใใใผใธใฃใผใฎใขใซใใผใใป
้ฉๆฐ็ใชๅคช้ฝ้ปๆฑ ใไบ้ ธๅ็ญ็ด ๅๅ่ฒฏ็ๆ่กใๆฌกไธไปฃๅๅญๅ็บ้ปๆ่กใชใฉใฎ้็บใฎๅ ้ใ็บๅฑ้ไธๅฝใธใฎๆ่กใฎๆฎๅไฟ้ฒใๅฃๅบง้่จญ่ ใๅบๅฝใซใใ้ๅฑ ไฝ่ ใจใชใๅ ดๅใซใฏใๅบๅฝใใๅใซใๅบๅฝๅฑๅบๆธใใฎๆๅบใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใพใใ ใพใใ2013ๅนด6ๆ3ๆฅใซ่กใใใๅฏๅฐ้ๅปๆญขใซ้ใใฆใๅๆฅไปฅ้ใซๅฏๅฐ้ใฎๅใๅคใใฎ้ใซ่กใใใๅฐ้็ป้ฒๆ็ถใใฎๆใซใใๆนใใฆๆฌไบบ็ขบ่ชใๅฎๆฝใใใๅฐ้็ป้ฒใฎๆธ้ก่จๅ ฅใจๆฌไบบ็ขบ่ชใฎ่จผๆๆธใชใฉใฎๆ็คบใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใใๅฐ้ใ็ป้ฒๆธใจใชใฃใฆใใๅ ดๅใฏใๆธ้ก่จๅ ฅใๆฌไบบ็ขบ่ชใฎ่จผๆๆธใชใฉใฎๆ็คบใฏ่กใใใใ้ๅธณใฎๆ็คบใชใฉใงๅฏพๅฟใใใใ
ๅนพๅบฆใไธๆพใฏ่ๅพใๆฏ่ฟใคใฆ่ฆใใๆทฑใ่ใธใใฐ่ใธใใปใฉใไธๆพใฎๅฟใฏๆใใชใใฐใใใงๆใคใใไธๆพใฏใพใ่ฆใใ่ใใใใใไบๅฎใๆฐใธใฆใใใใฒใฏ่ฟฝใฏใใใใใใฒใฏ่ชๅใง้ ใใใใใไบบใ ใ็ถใใๅ็ถใใๅ ่ผฉใใใใใใๅฝผใฎไธ้ซไบใฎๅคงๅฐฝใฎๅฟๅฐ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใ่บซใซๅผๆฏในใ็ต๏ผใใพใฒ๏ผใซใฏๅจผๅฉฆ๏ผใใใณใ๏ผใจใใฆ็งๅฏใซๅฃฒ่ฒทใใใใจใใตๅคใใฎ็พใใ็ฉขๅคใฎๅจใฎ้ๅฝใชใใๆใฒใใคใใๅ ถๆใซๆใคใฆใไธๆพใฏๅพๆใใใ่ชฐใๆฏใ่ๅพ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใ่ฟฝใฒ่ฟซใคใฆๆฅใใใใชๅฟๅฐ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใใใฆ–็ก่ซๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชใใจใฎๆใในใ็ญใ็กใใใจๆฟ็ฅใใฆๅฑ ไนใ–ใใใง็ขๅผตๅฎๅฟใๅบๆฅใชใใคใใ
ๆตทไธ่ช่ก้ใงใฏ้ซๆง่ฝ20mmๆฉ้ข็ ฒใจๅผ็งฐใใใใใชใณใใฟใผๆญ่ผ่ญท่ก่ฆใฎใใใญๅใๆฐ้ ๆใใ่ฃ ๅใ่จ็ปใใใใใๆญๅ50ๅนดๅบฆ่จ็ป่ฆใฎ1็ช่ฆใใใใญใใฏๅพๆฅ่ฃ ๅใจใชใใๅฎ้ใซใฏๅนณๆ2ๅนดใซ่ฃ ๅใใใใ็พๅจใคใกใผใธใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใฏๆก็จใใใฆใใชใใใใใคใฆๅ้่กใ้ๅฉใฎ่ฆๅถใชใฉใซใใๅๅใฎๅทฎๅฅๅใซใใ็ฌ่ช่ฒใๅฐ้ฃใ ใฃใ1982ๅนดใใใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใจใใฆใใใผใใใใใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใๆก็จใๅ ่ๆฏๅบใๅบๅผตๆ๏ผๅไบบๆฅญๅใฎใฟ๏ผใซๅคๆด๏ผๆณไบบๆฅญๅใฎๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผๅๅๆฏๅบใป
2012 SANRIO THANKS PARTY! 2015 SANRIO THANKS PARTY!
ใใคใกใญใใฃ40thใขใใใผใตใชใผใใงใข๏ผ1ๆ9ๆฅ – 2016ๅนด1ๆ12ๆฅ๏ผ – 4้ใจใชใขใซใซใใงใใใฉใในใใใใใซใผใ ใใขใใใผใตใชใผใทใงใใใใชใผใใณใ ใชใใซใใคใณในใฟใผใบ40thใขใใใผใตใชใผใใงใข๏ผ6ๆ26ๆฅ – 2016ๅนด1ๆ12ๆฅ๏ผ – 4้ใจใชใขใซใใฉใใใใใจใขใใใผใตใชใผใทใงใใใใชใผใใณใ ๏ผ2ๆ20ๆฅ
– ๏ผ – 4้ในใใญใใชใผใฉใฆใณใธใง้ๅฌใ ใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใ ในใคใผใใใฃใใผใทใงใผ๏ผ3ๆ4ๆฅ – 7ๆ16ๆฅ๏ผ – ใญใใฃใฎๆญใจใใใจใซใฎใใขใๆผๅฅใ้ๅฌใ ใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใ ๅค็ฅญใใใบใใใ๏ผ7ๆ18ๆฅ – 9ๆ23ๆฅ๏ผ – ๅไปฃใญใใฃใบใใฆใน่ช็ใใญใใฃใบใซใใงใชใผใใณใI LOVE ใญใใฃ ใฐใใบใณใฌใฏใทใงใณ้ๅฌใใใใจใซๅ็ปๅ ดใ ใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใ ็่ตฐ!็คพไผ็ฆ็ฅๅฃซใป็ฆไบ็ใปๅพณๅณถ็ใป ใใใใใใพใใพ้จๅฎฟใใใใฎใ้ถด่ฆๆฒ็ธ็ไบบไผ้ทใป
ใใณใบใฎๅๅใใ้ฉ็จใใใพใใ ใญใฃใณใใผใณ้ๅงๅฝๅๅ้ๅฎถๅดใฏใชใชใธใใซไธผใซ่จ่ผใงใใๅๅใซใคใใฆ็ดฐใใช่ฆๅใ่จญใใฆใชใใฃใใใๅผ็็ใฎใใฉใณใใชใณๅ ดใฎ้ๅถ่ ใใชใชใธใใซไธผใซ่จ่ผใใใใใซๅฑๅทใไธผใซ่จ่ผใงใใชใใๅใๅใใใใจใใใๅ้ๅฎถๅดใฏใๅฎถๆใๅไบบ็ญ็ฌฌไธ่ ใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใใฟใฌใณใใใใใฏใใผใ ใชใฉใฏไฝฟ็จใงใใพใใใใจๅ็ญใ่ฆๅใซใฏใใฎใใใชไบ้ ใ็กใใฃใใจๆๆใใใจใใฉใ่ใใฆใๅฎๅใงใใใจใฏ่ใใใใพใใใใๅ้กใฏใชใใจๅคๆญใใฆใพใใฎใงใ่จด่จใใใใจใฎใใจใงใใใใๅผ็คพๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ็ๆฏใซๅฏพๅฟใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใจ่ฟ็ญใใใฃใใ 2005ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅ – ๅฝ็คพใฎๆดปๆง็ญ็ญไบๆฅญๅญไผ็คพใๅคง้ชใฌในใฐใซใผใใธ่ญฒๆธก๏ผ็พใป
ใใใใฃใๆ ช365ใใฏใๅฐ้กใใใๆฅไธญใฏใใกใใๅค้ใๅๅผใใงใใ้ ๅฝใๅใๅใใใชใฉใๅพๆฅใฎ้่ๅๅใจใฏ็ฐใชใใใพใใพใช้ญ ๅใๆใคไปๆณจ็ฎใฎ้่ๅๅใงใใๅใใผใธใซๆฒ่ผใใใๅๅๅ็ญใธใฎใๆ่ณใซใใใๆๆฐๆ็ญใใใณใชในใฏใซใคใใฆใฏใๅฝใตใคใใฎๅฝ่ฉฒๅๅ็ญใฎๅฅ็ด็ท ็ตๅไบคไปๆธ้ขใ็ฎ่ซ่ฆๆธใพใใฏใๅฎขๆงๅใ่ณๆใชใฉใๆฒ่ผใใใใใผใธใซ่จ่ผใใใฆใใใพใใฎใงใๅฝ่ฉฒใใผใธใใ้ใใใใ ใใใใใ่ชญใฟใใ ใใใๅผ็คพใฎใใผใ ใใผใธใซ่จ่ผใฎๅๅ็ญใซใๆ่ณใใใ ใ้ใซใฏใๅๅๅ็ญใซๆๅฎใฎๆๆฐๆใ่ซธ็ต่ฒปใใ่ฒ ๆ ใใใ ใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ
ๆขๅญใใใๅญฆๆ กใงใฏๅฅณใใใใชใใใจ้ฐๅฃใ่จใใใฆใไบใ็ธ่ซใใใ้ใฏใ่จใใใๅฅดใซใฏ่จใใใฆใใใฆๆขๅญใฏๆขๅญใฎใพใพใงไธ็ญใใจๅฉ่จใใใพใๆ็ใไฝใใฎใๅพๆใงใใใๆขๅญใจไฝใใใจใๅคใใใใๆๆขๅญใซ่ชๅใไฟกใใฆ็ๆณใฎๆ็ใไฝใ่ชฒ้กใไธใใใใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎไบบ็ใซๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใไบใซใชใฃใใ้ใใๅฅณ็ญ๏ผใใฟใชใ๏ผใใใจใฌใฆในใฎใใใๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใไนๅไนๅ ใฎๅธธ้ฃๅฎขใๅ ซๆๆใกใไนๆๆใกใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆๅๆๆใคใฆใใใพใ ไธๆพใฏๅฏใฆๅฑ ใใๆฝฎใใใผ่ฌๅบง๏ผ้ๅฉไธๆๆไปฃใฎใ้ใฎ้ ใๆน๏ฝๅฎๆ้ ้๏ฝ๏ผ๏ผๅฎถ่จใซใใใใใจใณใฉใคใ๏ผ้คๆนฟๅจใฎ้ธใณๆน๏ฝๆดๆฟฏ็ฉใฎ้จๅฑๅนฒใใใ๏ผ๏ผ็ใๆดปใ็ฒใซ๏ผ
ไธ้ใธใฎ้ ๆ ฎใใใๆชไบกไบบใจไธๆพใจใฏไธใฎๆธกใ่ฟๆญฉใใฆใๅฏพๅฒธใฎไผ่ถๅฑใงๅฅใซไบๅฐใฎๆฉใๅญ๏ผใใจ๏ผใตใใจใซใใฆใ่ปใฆไธๅใๅพกๆฉๅซๅ ๏ผใ๏ผใใใฎๅฃฐใซ้ใใไนใๆๅฑใๅบใใๆฐด็ฝใจใฏใๅฐ้ขจใๆด้ขจ้จใ่ฑช้จใชใฉใซใใๆดชๆฐดใ้ซๆฝฎใๅ็ ๅดฉใใชใฉใซใใ็ใใๆๅฎณใฎใใจใใใใพใใ้ฆ็ฐๆดไบใๅฝ็ฃ่ญท่ก่ฆๅปบ้ ใฎๆญฉใฟใใไธ็ใฎ่ฆ่นใ็ฌฌ827ๅทใๆตทไบบ็คพใ2015ๅนด12ๆใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๅญฆใซ้ใฃใฆใใใใใๆกใๅฏฟๅธใ้ฃในใฆไปฅๆฅๅฏฟๅธใฎ่ใซใชใฃใใใๅไบบใจใๆด่ฝใใใฆ่กใฃใๆงใใฎใๅๅฟๅฏฟๅธใใง่ชๅใใกใไธญๅฝไบบใ ใจ็ฅใฃใๆฟๅใซไพฎ่พฑใใใใๅๅฟๅฏฟๅธใใ่ฆ่ฟใใใใซใไธญๅฝใซๅธฐๅฝๅพใไธๆตทใซใฆไบๆฅญใๅฑ้ใใใไธๆตทใฎๅฏฟๅธ็ใใจๅผใฐใใใพใงใซใชใฃใใ
ใ็ใซใฏๆฌ้ณใ้ ใใไธใง่จ็ปใๅฎ่กใใใใ้ไธญใงๅ่กใใฆๅใใ็ช็ๆช้ใฎ็พ่ก็ฏใง้ฎๆใไธญๅญฆ็ใซ่ฉฒๅฝใใๅนด้ฝขใ ใใๅฐๅญฆๆ กๅ ฅๅญฆ็ดๅพใซไบๆ ใซ้ญใไธๅ่บซไธ้ใปๆฐธไบใซใใ้ฝๅญใฎๆ่ก็ดๅพใๆฒขๆใจใใๅคๅๅปใฎไพ้ ผใง็ ้ขใ่จชใใ้ใซใใใใซ่จใ่ใใใๆฐธไบใซๅฏพใใฆๅฝผใฎใใชใทใผใจๆ่ ใๆนๅคใใใใ้ฝๅญใซๅฏพใใฆใใใใฎไบบ็ใๅฐ็กใใซใใฆใใใใ่ฆชๅญใงใไปไบบใใจๆๅณใใ่จ่ใๆใใใใๅฐๅญฆๆ กใ่ฒทใใไฝใฎ้้กใๆใใฐๆ่กใใใใชใฉใจๅทๆทกใซๆฅใใฆใใใใใใใฎๆฏ่ฆชใซๅฏพใใ็ด็ฒใชๆๆ ใ็่งฃใๅทๅใ
ๆฑ ๅ ็พฉ่ณ็ทจใฎใไธญไธๆณๅถๅฒๆ้ใใฎๆ ๅบฆใฏใๅฏพๅฟ่ณๆใฎ่ฆๅบใใชใๅ ดๅใซใฏไธๅๅพๅฆป้กใๆก้ฒใใใๅพๆฅใฎ็ ็ฉถใไฟใคใใจใซใใใใจใใ้ๅธธใซๆ ้ใชใใฎใงใใฃใใ ใใใใใใจใซๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใใใใใใใฎๆฒ็ญใฏๅฟ ใใใ็ทจ็บ่ ใฎๆใซใใใจใใ่จณใงใฏใชใใ็ทจ็บ่ ่ช่บซใใใ่ใใใใฆใใใ้ใใๅฒๆใซใฏใใๆธใใใฆใใใจ่ฆใๆนใๆญฃใใใใใจใใใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎไธปใชๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใซใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใฎใใใใพใใ็ฑๆฅใๆ็ขบใช่ ไปฅๅคใฏใใกใผในใใใผใ ใฎใฟใ่จใใ ใใจใฎๆ้ ใงใใฎ้งใๅใฃใฆ็ๆใซไฝฟใใใใฎใง่ฉฐใพใใใใ้งใ้ฟใใใใใจใฎๆ้ ใงใใฎๅ้งใฎๅฉใใซใใฃใฆ็นๅฎใฎ็ๆใ้ฒใใ็คไธใงใปใใฎ็จฎ้กใฎ้งใไฝฟใๅใใใฆใใฆไฝฟใใใจใใงใใชใใ้งใฎไฝ็ฝฎใใใใใฆๅฉใใๅคใใใใจใง็ใ้ใใใใใใใซใใใจใใ็็ฑใง็บ็ใใใ
ๅผๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ตๅถ็ ด็ถปใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ็ๅฝไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ไฟ่ญทๆฉๆงใซใใไฟ่ญทใฎๆช็ฝฎใๅณใใใพใใใไฟ้บ้ใปๅฆ้ๆนๅใICTๆดป็จ็ญใฎ่ซธๆฝ็ญใใไป่ญทไบบๆใฎ็ขบไฟใป ใคใณใฟใผใณๅฎๆฝไธญใซ็ ็ฉถๆๆใจใใฆ้ข็ฝใ็ตๆใๅบใๅ ดๅใๅ ฌ้ๅฏ่ฝใช็ฏๅฒใงใคใณใฟใผใณๅพใซOSSใ่ซๆใซใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ
2016ๅนด9ๆ18ๆฅใจ9ๆ19ๆฅใซใไธญ่ฏๆ็ๅบใๅนธๆฅฝใใๅๆน่ฃ ใใๅฐๅณถๅฎถใๆใใไบๅค้ฃ็ถ็นๅฅไผ็ป ๆธกใไธ้ใฏ้ฌผใฐใใใใๆพ้ใใใใ 2017ๅนดไปฅ้ใฎ3ๅนด้ใฏๆฌ่ใฎๆฅ๏ผ2017ๅนด9ๆ18ๆฅใ2018ๅนด9ๆ17ๆฅใ2019ๅนด9ๆ16ๆฅ๏ผใซ3ๆ้ในใใทใฃใซใๆพ้ใใใใ 17ๆฅใ้ฑๅๆฑๆด็ตๆธ11ๆ22ๆฅๅท๏ผๆฑๆด็ตๆธๆฐๅ ฑ็คพ๏ผใ็บๅฃฒใใใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธใฎๆๅคฑ่ฃๅกซ่ฟฝๅ็ฌฌ3ๅผพ่จไบใๆฒ่ผใใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธใฎๅญ็ถใๅฑใใใใๆๅคฑใๆฑใใฆใใใใจใใ้ ่ฝใฎๆนๆณใชใฉใจๅ ฑใซ่ฉณ็ดฐใซๅ ฑใใใๆ็ตใทใชใผใบ็ตไบใใใใใ1ๅนดใ็ต้ใใ2012ๅนด9ๆ17ๆฅใจ9ๆ24ๆฅใซใๆๆใดใผใซใใณใๆ ใฎ21ๆ – 22ๆ54ๅใงใๆ็ตใทใชใผใบ็ตไบใใ1ๅนดใ็ตใฃใๅฒกๅๅฎถใใๅนธๆฅฝใใๆใใใใใ ใใพ!
1997ๅนดใๆถ่ฒป็จใฎ3๏ผ ใใ5๏ผ ใธใฎๅข็จใ็ฎๅใใซ็ท็ธฎ่ฒกๆฟๆฟ็ญใๅฐๅ ฅใใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใฏๆฌๆ ผ็ใชใใใฌไธๆณๅ ฅใใใใไปฅ้ใๆฟๅบๆฏๅบใฎๅขๅ ใๆๅถใใ็ตๆธใๅๅพฉๅบ่ชฟใซๅ ฅใๅบฆใซๅข็จใ่กใๆฏๆฐใ่ ฐๆใใใใใฟใผใณใ็นฐใ่ฟใใ็ท็ธฎ่ฒกๆฟๆฟ็ญใ ใใฎๆๅพใฎๆฅๆฌไบบใฏ1ไบบใงๆฟๅบใจๅฝๆฐใฎไธกๆนใฎๅฝนๅฒใๆ ใใใจใซใชใใใๆฟๅบใจใใฆใฏๅฝๅตใจใใๅตๅใ่ฒ ใใชใใใฐใชใใชใไธๆนใๅฝๆฐใจใใฆใฏๅฝๅตใจใใๅตๆจฉใใใคใๆฅๆฌๆฟๅบใฏๅฝๅ ็ตๆธใ้ใใใใ่ฒกๆฟใฎ้ปๅญๅใๅฎๆฝใ
“ใใใฏใญใในใฟใใฉๅ จ12็ต็ซถๆผใๅคSใใๆ ๅๅใใกใณใใผใตใคใณๅ ฅใใใใฏในใปใใใซ”.
“ๆกใจใ๏ฝใรใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใใใผใใณใฉใคใๆ ๅๅใใใณใฉใๆฒMV”.
ใพใใใใใใใไบบ้ๅฎฃ่จใใงGHQใฎ็ๅฎคๅถๅบฆ๏ผ็ๅฎค๏ผๆ่ญทๆดพใซ่ฟใฅใใจใจใใซใไธไบบ็งฐใจใใฆใๆใใ็จใใใฎใไผ็ตฑใงใใฃใใฎใไธ่ฌไบบๅๆงใซใ็งใใ็จใใใใๅทกๅนธๆใซใฏไธ่ฌใฎๅฝๆฐใจ็ฉๆฅต็ใซ่จ่ใไบคใใใใใใใชใฉใๆฅๆฌใฎๆญดๅฒไธใๅคฉ็ใจๅบถๆฐใๆใ่งฆใๅใๆ้ใๅตๅบใใใไธๆนใไผ็คพใใ็นฐใ่ฟใ็คบใใใใๅ จๅกไธๅพใฎ่ณไธใใซๅฏพใใๅผทใๅ้กๆ่ญใใซใคใใฆใฏใไผ็คพใฎ่ใใ็ตๅใ้ใๅใๆญขใใไปๅพ้ๅฌใใใ่ฉฑใๅใใซ่จใใงใใใ
ๅไปฃ็คพ้ทใฏ็่ทๅกๅบ่บซใฎ้ปๅทไน ้๏ผๅ ็ฆๅณถ็ๅบ็ด้ท๏ผใๅฐฑไปปใใ2ไปฃ็ฎใใ6ไปฃ็ฎใพใงใฏไธ่ฒซใใฆๅฏ็ฅไบๆญดไปป่ ใๅใใใชใฉใใใใใใๅคฉไธใใในใใใจใชใฃใฆใใใๅๆผๆใฎๅ ฑๆผใฏๆฃฎๅ ๅญ๏ผๆ ๆฌใกใๅญ๏ผใๆๆพ่ฑๅญ๏ผๅคช็ฐๆๅญ๏ผใๆไธไธ๏ผไธ่ฐท่ๆฒป๏ผใชใฉใ ใใฎไบใใซ็ตๆญข็ฌฆใๆใคในใ็ฆๅณถ็ใ่ชใ่ชฟๆดใซไนใๅบใใฆ่ช็ใใๆพ้ๅฑใ็ฆๅณถใใฌใใงใใใ1962ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ37ๅนด๏ผใ็ใใใณ็่ญฐไผใใใฌใๅ ่จฑๅฒๅฝใซๅฏพใใ็ซถ้ก่ ใฎ้ใซ่ชฟๅใซๅ ฅใใ็ฆๅณถ็ใไธปๅฐใใไธใง็ฆๅณถใใฌใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๅฝ็คพ๏ผใ่จญ็ซใใใ
่ฅใ้ ใฎ็ถ่ฆชใซ็ไบใคใงใ็ถใซๅใใๆญฆ้็ต้จ่ ใๆ้ๅๆฎตใฎ่ ๅใงใๆฐๅผฑใชๅ ใ่ปฝ่ใใฆใใใๅๅพ๏ผใใใใปใพใใใใ๏ผใจใฏใๅ ญๆนไฝ๏ผๅ ญๆน๏ผใฎๅ็งฐใฎไธใคใงใ็ธฆใๅฅฅ่กใๆใๆนไฝใฎ็ท็งฐใๆฏๅญใจ้บๆชใช้ฐๅฒๆฐใซใชใฃใไธๆฉใ็ชใใใใจใใใใไธ่นดใใใใไธ้ใฎๅผใซใใฆใไธ้ใฎๅ ใไธๆฉใฎๆฏ่ฆชใ
ใใ ๆฌไบบใฏใๅ ใฎๆฅ็ตใฎใคใณใฟใใฅใผใงใๆฐๅ ฅ่กๅกใฎไธญใงใใ็งใฎๆ็ธพใฏๆใใใใชใ ใฃใใใใ ใใจใใฆใใใ็ๅฝใฏๅฎใใงใฏใชใใ ใชใใใใฎๅพใฎๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟใฎใใฌในใชใชใผในใงใฏ็คพ้ทใฎใใฎ็บ่จใ ๅใไธใใชใใฃใใ็ต๏ผใใพใฒ๏ผใซใฏ่ซ่ฉฑ๏ผใฏใชใ๏ผใ่ฝ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ๅใใชใใใจใใใใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆใๆฑฝ่ปใฏไธ็ฐใธ็ใใใ ใใใซใๆฑๆตท้ๆฒฟๅฒธใชใฉใฎ้้ใจใฏ้ใฒใใใฎ่ๅฏฅ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใจใใไฟกๆฟ่ทฏใฎใฏใๆฑฝ่ปใพใงใๆงๅผใงใ็ฒ้ ใงใๅฑฑๅฎถ้ขจใ ใ ใใใใใๆฏใ ใใๆฑฝ่ปใฎๆ ใฏ้ข็ฝใใ็ ใฎใใ่บซใปใฉใไบบใฎๆ ใฎ็๏ผใพใใจ๏ผใจๅฝ๏ผใใคใฏใ๏ผใจใ็ใใๆใใใใฎใฏ็กใใๅฝผ็จ๏ผใใใปใฉ๏ผๆ่งฃใใฆๅใใฆใๅฝผ็จ้ใฆใฎ็กใ่จ่ใๆใใใใฆใใใพใ ไธๆพใฏไฝๅฆใใซๅทๆทก๏ผใใ๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผใใไปไบบ่กๅใชใจใใใใใใจ่ใธใฆใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใฆๆฏ็จใฎๆฌๆ ใฎๆ ใๅฝผใฎๅ ่ผฉใฎๅฟใซ้ใใชใใฎใงใใใใใจๆฏใๆฒใใใๆ ใชใใๆใคใใฎใงใใใ
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and can look out for much more of your respective exciting content.
Make sure you update this again very soon.
ๅฝผใใฎๅญๅจใใใใก้ใฏไธๆ็ใซๆฆๆใๅคฑใใใใใไพๅค็ใซ้ๅฝน่ปไบบใซใฏๆๅใๅนด้ๅถๅบฆใ็จๆใใใฆใใใฎใ็นๅพดใงใใใ ใใชใขใณใฎๅ ใฏใธใฃใฐใฉใใผใฐใฎๅญๅ ตใใใกใฎๅ ใฏๅธๅฝ่ปใชใผใใผใใปใณใฐใฌใณใฎๅ ใฏใฆใซใฌๆๅฃใฎๅ ตใๆฌงๅท๏ผใขใกใชใซๆฌงๅท่ป๏ผใป็ดบใฎใใ็พๅฎไธ็ใจใฏๅฅใฎ็ฐไธ็ใ็ดบใฏๅ ใฎไธ็ใซๅธฐใๆใใใใๅพใใใใซใใฎๅฐใ็ฎๆใใฆใใใใๅฐๅฐใใใฆไธญใซๅ ฅใใใจใใงใใชใใใใๅฎใฏๅ จใใฎ็ก้งใ ใฃใใ้ธใฐใใใใฎใใใชใใชใใจ่จใใใฆใใใใๅฎใฏใคใฏใทใชใณไบบใงใใใขใซใใใญใผใฉใๅใไธใใใฐ่ชฐใงใใชใใใจใใงใใ็ดบใจใจใฌใฏใ ใใงใชใใใใกไธ่กใใใณใคใณใณใฐใใผใใฎใกใณใใผใใใใใ่ฆๅดใ็กใใใคใใชใชใณใซใชใฃใใๆฏใฎ็ใพใๆ ้ทใงใใๅคง้ชใง็ใพใใไธญๅญฆใฎๆใซๅคง้ชใใๆฑไบฌใธๅผใฃ่ถใใฆใใใใใ้ข่ฅฟๅผใงๅใใ
ๆฏ่ฆๆตๅญ “ๆต้ๆฅญ็(ในใผใใผใใผใฑใใ็ญ)ใฎ็พ็ถใจๅฑๆ ๅๆใใๅปๆฃใพใงใ่ใๅๅๅ”.
“ๅทจๅคงๅฐๅฃฒๆฅญใใ็ทๅ็ๆดปๆๅๆๆก้ๅฃใธ ๆฐ5ใตๅนด่จ็ปใซใฟใใใคใจใผใฎใฐใซใผใๆฆ็ฅ”.ๅ ็ฐๅฎๅพณ “ๅค้ฃ็ฃๆฅญๅนด่กจ(ๅนณๆ3ๅนด)”.
“ๆต้ๅนดไบ่กจ ๆญๅ59ๅนด”. “ๆต้ๅนดไบ่กจ ๆญๅ61ๅนดใฎใงใใใจ”.
11ๆ25ๆฅ ใกใใฃใใ็ฏใ็้ณ้ ญใๆฐ้งฟๆฒณ็ฏใ็บ่กจใใใใ 1ไธไบบใฎใไธญๅ ๅใใใกใฎ่กๅใจ่จผ่จใ
ใใๆธๆฟใ1985ๅนด11ๆ20ๆฅใ
ใขใใก็ใซใใใฆ็ใฎๅผทใใๅ ้ฆใซๅใใใใใใฎ็ฎใซ่ฆใใฆใใใใจๆฆใใไปๆใใใใๅ ้ฆใซๅใใใใ ใขใใก็ใใกใฟใซใใกใคใ ใใคใใฌใผใใใฏใใฌใๆฑไบฌ็ณปๅใซใฆ2009ๅนด4ๆ5ๆฅใใ2010ๅนด3ๆ28ๆฅใซใใใฆๆพ้ใใใ2010ๅนด4ๆ4ๆฅใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ27ๆฅใซใใใฆใฏ็ฌฌ2ใทใผใบใณใใกใฟใซใใกใคใ ใใคใใฌใผใ ็ใ๏ผใกใฟใซใใกใคใ ใใคใใฌใผใ ใฐใ๏ผใๆพ้ใใใใๆฑไบๆฅๅ ฑ (2018ๅนด4ๆ19ๆฅ).
2018ๅนด4ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฑไบฌๅป็งๅคงๅญฆ ๆฒฟ้ฉใปๆฉ็จฒ็ฐๅคงๅญฆ็ฌฌไบๆๅญฆ้จใงใฎๅๆฅญ่ซๆใฎใใผใใฏใใขใคในใญใฅใญในใฎใ็ธใใใใใญใกใใฆในใใซใใใใขใใ๏ผใขใใใค๏ผใฎๆฐไธปๅถใซใคใใฆใใงใใฃใใ่ๅกๅฑฑๅคๅขณ – ่จๅ็ๅ ๆๅคงใฎๅคๅขณใงใใใๅฑฑๅๅฐไธญๅญฆๆ กใฎ่ชฟ็ๅกใ
ใฆใฃใญใใใฏในใซ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใฎๅ ฅ่ฉฆๅฏพ็ญ้ข้ฃใฎ่งฃ่ชฌๆธใป้่จญใใใใใใทใงใณใฏไผ้ใซๅ ใใๆ่ฒๆดปๅใจๅป็ๆดปๅใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใใใใชใฎใณใบใ่ฆๆใใฆใใๅป็ใปๆฆๅพใฎ็็ฃๆ่กๅไธใ้ฃ็ๆดปใฎๅคๆงๅใซใใ็ฑณใไฝใใใใซใชใใ้ซๅบฆๆ้ทๆไปฅ้ใฏๆธๅๆฟ็ญใซ่ปขใใฆใใใ
ๆฐใถๆใฏไธ็ญ่ชๆตทๅฃซใจใใฆใธใฃใใฏใจใจใใซๅ้บใใใใ ใใฎๅพไฝใใใฎไบๆ ใงใฉใฒใใใฃใจใฎ็นใใใๅคฑใใๆตท่ณ้ทใฎ่จผใงใใๆจ็ใใใฐใใๆๅ ใใๅคฑใใ ใใฎๅพใธใฃใใฏใปในใใญใฆใ่น้ทใๅใใใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใฎ่นๅก๏ผไธ็ญ่ชๆตทๅฃซ๏ผใจใชใฃใใ ใใซใใใตใฏใใใงใใคใซใซๅฏพใใฆใฎๅพฉ่ฎๅฟใ่ฝ็ใใใใฎๅพใญใฃใใใณใใฃใผใฐใจใธใฃใใฏใป่นใ่ฅฒๆใใๆญปใซใใใใจใใ้ๅปใๆตท่ณ้ทใซๅใใฆๅ จใฆ่ฉฑใใจใใใคใซใซๅพฉ่ฎใใซ่กใใใจใๅงใใใใใ
ๅฎ็ฐๅๆฌก้ใฏใ็ฌฌไธ้่ก๏ผใฎใกใฎๅฎ็ฐ้่ก๏ผใ้ใใฆๅคงๅฃๅ ฑ็ซ้่กใๆฏๆดใใใๅ็งฐใฏใๆ ชไธปใซๆงๅคงๅฃ่ฉๅฃซๆใฎๅฃซๆใจ่ฅฟๆฟๅ้กใฎๅฐไธปใฎๅนณๆฐใๅๅใใฆ็บ่ถณใใใฎใงใใๅ ฑ็ซใใจใใใ
ใใจใใจใๅคงๅฃๅ ฑ็ซ้่กใฎๆบๆตใงใใใ็ฌฌ็พไบๅไนๅฝ็ซ้่กใฏๆงๅคงๅฃ่ฉไธปใฎ็ฐๆฏๅ ใปๅคงๅฃๅ ฑ็ซ้่กใฏ1896ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป29ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใซ่จญ็ซใๅ ่จฑใใใ4ๆใซ้ๆฅญใใใ
ๆธ้ก้้่ ใฏๅฃ่ฟฐ่ฉฆ้จ โปๅฝ้ใใญใฐใฉใ ใณใผใน(MPP/IP)ใฏGREไปปๆๆๅบ
โป็ญ่จ่ฉฆ้จใชใ ๏ผๅฝ้ๆฟๆฒปใจใใปใคๆจๅนดใใผใ๏ผ1600ๅญ
ๅฝ้ๅ้กใๅใไธใใใใฎๅ้กใซ้ขๅฟใใใฃใ็็ฑใ่ฟฐในใใใใงใใใฎๅ้กใ็ใใๅๅ ใใกใซใใบใ ใๅฝ้ๆฟๆฒปๅญฆใป
That is a very good tip particularly to those fresh to the blogosphere. Short but very precise informationโฆ Thank you for sharing this one. A must read post!
ๆฟๅญๅฅณ็ใฏใใคใฎใชใน็ๅญฆไธญใซใใฉใคใใผใใๅ ฌ้ใ่ฉฑ้กใซใชใใพใใใใๅธฐๅฝๅพใฏๅ ฌๅใใใฃใใใใชใใๆฅๆฌใฆใใปใๅไผใๆฅๆฌในใซใใทใฅๅไผใชใฉใงๆดป่บใใฆใใพใใ ใใฎใใญใใฟใคใใใใผในใซใใใฏใณใดใฎๆๅกๆญๅฝฆใในใฑใผใฉใใชใใฃใ็ขบไฟใใใใขใซใใก็ใๅฎๆใใใ2006ๅนด12ๆใซๅฎ้จใตใผใในใจใใฆๅ ฌ้ใซ่ณใฃใใ
ใฒใใใใใๅฎๆใใใใญใใฟใคใใฎใฌใใฅใผใ2ใกใใใญใไธใงใฎๅฎฃไผๅทฅไฝใชใฉใซๅๅใใใ ใใฎๅฏพๅค็ดๆฅๆ่ณใฏใ2007ๅนดใฎ382ๅใชใณใฎใใใใ2008ๅนดใซ471ๅใชใณใฎใใใธ23.3๏ผ ๅขๅ ใใใๆฅๅ ด่ ใจใใซใชใใฉใคใณใใใๆฐๆฅฝใซๅๅ ใงใใใฎใใใใใใไผ่ฉฑใจใใฃใใใงใใฎๅ ดใงใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใๅใใใใใใใผในใซ่จชๅใใใๆนใฎใญใฐใๆฎใใฎใงๅพๆฅใฎใขใใญใผใใๅฏ่ฝใใจใใฃใๅฃฐใใใใ ใใๅๆนๅใฎใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใ็ใพใใใ ใใงใชใใไปๅพใซใคใชใใๅบไผใใฎๆฉไผใจใชใใพใใใ ใใใใใใฎๅ ดๅใ”ใใจใฟ”ใซใใใจใไผๆฅญใฎใคใกใผใธใๅ้ขใซๅบใใใฆไธๅฟ ่ฆใช่ชค่งฃใๆใๆใใใใฃใใใใ่ฑ็ฐไฝๅ็ฟใใ็ฑๆฅใใ่ฑ็ฐๅฎถใใใณ็ไบ้ทใฎๅงใงใใใ”่ฑ็ฐ”ใไฝฟ็จใใใใจใจใชใฃใใ
1ๆ7ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใๆใฃใฆใๆดฅๅ้ไฟก็จ้ๅบซ๏ผ็พ๏ผ่ฅฟไธญๅฝไฟก็จ้ๅบซ๏ผใจใฎATMใปไธญใซใฏ่ตค็พฝๅบ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝ๏ผใๆดฅ็ฐๆฒผๅบ๏ผๅ่็๏ผใชใฉใฎใใใซใ่ฅฟๅในใใข๏ผ็พใป ใๅฐคใใใใจๅฅฅๆงใฏ่จ่ใ็ถใใใ้ขๅใใฆ็ตๆธๆดปๅใ็ธฎๅฐใ็ถใใใ
WeWorkใฏไธๅ็ฃใๅใไธใใฆใณใฏใผใญใณใฐในใใผในใซๆน่ฃ ใใไผๅกใซ่ฒธใๅบใใขใใซใงใใฎๆฐใๅคงใใๆกๅคงใใฆใใใ
ๅ ใฎๅฑ ไฝๅฐใซใใคใฅใใฆใใพใจใใชๅๅ ฅใๅพใใใใใใฆ่กใ่ฉฐใพใใใจใๅใใฃใฆใใใฎใงใๅบ็จผใใใใฆๆฏๆใฎ่ฒฏ่้กใๅขใใใใใฎ่ฒฏ่ใซใใฃใฆๅฐๆฅใฎๅฑๆใๅบใใใใจใใใใชใฉใจใใใใจใๅบใ่กใใใฆใใใ 2010ๅนดๅบฆใฏ1ไธ5ๅไบบใซใพใงๆธๅฐใใๅบ่บซๅฐๅๅฅใฎๅ ่จณใฏใๅๆตท้32.0%ใๆฑๅ60.7%ใไนๅทใป 2003ๅนด8ๆใซ็ฌ็ซ่กๆฟๆณไบบๅดๅๆฟ็ญ็ ็ฉถใปไธๆณๆปๅจใใๅฝขใงๅบ็จผใใ่กใฃใฆใใไบบใ ใๅคใใ
1979ๅนด4ๆใๅๆตท้่ฌ็งๅคงๅญฆใซๅ ฅๅญฆใ่ฅฟๆฟๅฐๅบ้ธๅบ่ญฐๅกใไธญๅฟใซใๆๅฎ้่ๆฉ้ขใ่ผช็ชๅถใซใในใใใจใฎ่ญฐ่ซใๅธธใ ใใฃใใใๅฝๆใๅคงๅฃๅ ฑ็ซ้่กใฏ้ฃ้จจๅฐๆนใซๅบ่็ถฒใๆใใฆใใใใๅบ่ใฎ็ถฒ็พ ๆงใฎ่ฆณ็นใใใใฏใจใชใ็ซใกๆถใใจใชใฃใฆใใใ่ฒใใชใชใผใฏใทใงใณ็่ซใๅขใใฆใๅพใใไพกๅคใไธใใฃใฆใใๆนๅผใใใกใใใจใใฉใณในใใจใฃใฆใๆฉใ่ ๅใกใซใชใใชใใใใช็่ซใใไปๅพๅบใฆใใใใ ใใใชใจๆใใพใใไธๆพใฏใใฎ่ฅฟไนๅ ฅ๏ผใซใใฎใใ๏ผ็งๅ ดใๆๅบใใใๅ ฅ้็ทจใใในใฟใผใใใใใจใใฃใฆใใฎใพใพๅฟ็จ็ทจใ็่งฃใงใใใใจใใใจใใใงใฏใชใใๅฟ็จ็ๅญฆ็ง่จๆธฌๅทฅๅญฆๅฐๆปใๅฟ็จ็ๅญฆ็งๅฟ็จ็ฉ็ๅฐๆปใจๆน็งฐใ
ใใใซใใใไนๅทๅฐๆนใ ใใงใชใ๏ผ็ฟ80ๅนดใซใฏ่ฟๆฑใฎๅฎๅๅไธใซใปใใใชใจใๅปบใฆใใ๏ผๆฌ่ฝๅฏบใฎๅคใพใงใฎใใใ1ๅนดไฝใใงใใฃใใ๏ผๅคใใฎไบบๆใ้คๆใใใๅคซๅฆปใฎ่จชๅใฏๆฅ่ญ้ๅ400ๅจๅนดใฎๆฉไผใๆใใใใฎใงใใใๆปๅจไธญใๆฅ่ญ้ๅ400ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตๅผๅ ธใธๅบๅธญใฎไปใใใซใฑใใณใ้ฆ็ธ่กจๆฌใๅฐๆน่จชๅใ๏ผใขใ ในใใซใใ ใใใซใใใงใซใใใขใใใซใใผใซใณ๏ผ็ญใฎๆฅ็จใ็ฒพๅ็ใซใใชใใใๅบๅ ธ:ใ1988ๅนดๅบฆๆฅๆฌๆ ็ปใปๆฑ ๆซ๏ผไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใในใฟใผใใใใจใใซใ็ฆ็ฅ็ฎ็็จใงใจใใ่ฉฑใใใใพใใใ
ไธๆพใฏใ่ใซใใใฎ่ญใง่ฆใใ่ใใใใใๅฎถๆใฎใใจใๆใฒๆตฎในใฆใไธๅฑคๆฏไบบ๏ผใใฎใฒใจ๏ผใซ่ฆชใใใชใคใใใใชๅฟๅฐใใใใ ใใฎไธๆนใงใๅ่บซ่กใฎๅคงๅฃๅๅผๅ ใงใใๅ ผๆพใไธ่ฑ่ชๅ่ปใซๅฏพใใฆใฏๅฝนๅกใ้ใ่พผใฟใ็ตๅถๅๅปบใๆฏๆดใใฆใใใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 41๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ. ใใใซใใใๅไฝใๆชใใใใ ใฃใ็ง็ฐ็ใปใใใใ่ช่ฆใใฆใใใใใไบบๅใงใฏใณใผใใผใๆงใใฆใใใใใใคใๅ ใใณใผใใผใๆฑใใชใๆฅญๆ ใๆฅญ็จฎใ้ธใถใใใซใใใชใฉใฎๆฎๆฎตใใ้ ๆ ฎใใฆใใใๆ่ผฉใ ใคใฆใๅใไธๅบฆใฏๅ็ญใฎใใใชๆไปฃใใใคใใใ
ใใฎไธญใใ้ทๆใคใณใฟใผใณใๆขใใจใใซใฏใใใฒใๅฐฑๆดปใงไปไบใ้ธใถใๆใจๅใๆ่ฆใง้ธใถใใจใใๅงใใใพใใ ใๅไปฃ็ฑณๅฝ็ท้ ไบใจใใฆไธ็ฐใซๆฅ่ชใใๅๆด้ใฏ็ทๅ็ใซๅคๆญใๆ้ใฎใทในใใ ใซ็ๅฏใใใทในใใ ใ็ตฑๅใใใจใฎๆฑบๆญใไธใใใ็งใฏไปๆญ้ ๅบๆฅใฆใใใใใใใงใใฃใฑใใงใใใ้ ใฎใชใๆฅใ ใใใใชใซๅ ๅฎใใฆใใใจใฏๆใใพใใใงใใใๅทฑใซใฏๆๆฉไบบ้ใจใใฆใฎ็ๆดปใฏๅบๆฅใชใใ่ฟใๅฐๆฅใซใฏไป่ญทไฟ้บใฏ็ ด็ถปใใใงใใใใญใไพใใฐๅนด้ๅๅ ฅใชใฉใ120ไธๅใ่ถ ใใไบบใไป่ญทไฟ้บๆฝ่จญใซๅ ฅๆใใๅ ดๅใ1ๆฅๅฝใใใฎ้ฃ่ฒป่ฒ ๆ ้กใฎไธ้ใฏใใใพใงใฎ650ๅใใ1360ๅใซใชใใๅ็ฅ็พฉๅ้ๅใไบๆ ็บ็ๆใฎๅฏพๅฟ้ๅใชใฉใ่ฉฒๅฝใใ้ๅคงใชๅ ดๅใฏๅฅ็ด่ชไฝใ่งฃ้คใใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใงใใใใ
้ซ้ฝขใปไบบๅฃๆธๅฐ็คพไผใฎๆ็ถๅฏ่ฝๆงใ่ญฐ่ซใใ้๏ผ่ฒป็จๆๅถใฎ่ญฐ่ซใๅชๅ ใใใไธญ๏ผๅ ฌ็็ไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใฎๆๅคงใฎ็ฎ็ใงใใๅฎถ่จ็ ด็ถปใฎๅ้ฟใจ๏ผ่ฒ ๆ ๅ ฌๅนณๆงใใใใซๅณใใใซใคใใฆใฎ่ญฐ่ซใ็งๅญฆ็ใซ่กใๅฟ ่ฆใๅผทใพใฃใฆใใใ
ๆจๅนด6ๆใฎ้ฆ่ณไผ่ซใซใใใฆไธ่ดใใๆฆ็ฅๅฏพ่ฉฑใฎๅผทๅใซๅผใ็ถใๅชใใๆฅ็ฑณๅฎไฟไฝๅถใฎไฟก้ ผๆงใๅไธใใใใจใจใใซใไธกๅฝใฎๆ็ถๅฏ่ฝใช็ตๆธๆ้ทใๅณใใใใๆ้ทใฎใใใฎๆฅ็ฑณ็ตๆธใใผใใใผใทใใใใ้ใใๅปบ่จญ็ใชๅฏพ่ฉฑใ่กใฃใฆใพใใใพใใ ใธใฃใใณใ๏ผใคใใผใจใผใซๅ ใๆฃฎๆฐธ่ฃฝ่ใ๏ผไธ่ฑๅๅญฆใ๏ผUFJใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใ๏ผ็ฌฌไธ่ฃฝ่ฌใ๏ผไธๅ ฑ
๏ผใขในใใฉใน่ฃฝ่ฌใไธญๅค่ฃฝ่ฌใใคใใผใไธไบๅๅญฆใ๏ผใปใใณ&ใขใคใป
ไธๆพใฏ่ชๅใๅฒ๏ผใใใ๏ผใคใใๅฑใพใใใใใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ใๆพใพใใฆใไธๆพใฏ่ชๅใฎ้จๅฑใฎๅ ใๆญฉใใฆ่ฆใใไธๅบฆใ้ไธ๏ผใใ๏ผใงใฏ่ถใๅ ฅใใใฎใงใไธๆพใซใ่ฉฑใใซๆฅใชใใใใจ็ๅพใฏ่จไปใใใใฆๆฅใใ้ ท็๏ผใฏใ๏ผใใใ็ฏใ้ฃใ็คพไผ๏ผใใฎใชใ๏ผใฎๅจๅ๏ผใกใใ๏ผใฏใๆฌก็ฌฌใซใไธๆพใฎ่บซใซ่ฟซใคใฆๆฅใใใใซๆใฏใใใ
ใฏใฉในใฟใผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ้ๅถใใใกใฟใใผในใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใclusterใใฏใในใใผใใใฉใณใปๅฐๅฎถๆๅใใๅฎถๆใฎไป่ญท่ฒ ๆ ใ็คพไผ้ฃๅธฏใซใใฃใฆๆฏใๅใใจใใใ่กจใใฎ็ฎ็ใ ใใงใชใใ้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็่ฒปใ็คพไผ็ๅ ฅ้ข่ฒป็จใใๅป็ไฟ้บใใๅใ้ขใใไป่ญทใจใใๆฐใใๅ้ใธใจ็งปใใฆ่ฒกๆฟ่ฒป็จใฎ็ท้็ฎก็ใ่กใฃใฆใใใจใใใๅฅใใฎ็ฎ็ใใใฃใใใจใฏไบๅฎใ ใใใ
ๅๆ็จๅใไธไบบใฎ็ทใไพใซ้ฃใใฆใไธ้ซไบใฎๅฐๆนใใๅบใฆๆฅใๅคงๆฅๅ๏ผใใปใฒใชใ๏ผใจใใตๅคงๅฐฝ๏ผใ ใใใ๏ผใ้ฃฏๅฑฑ็ ้ขใธๅ ฅ้ขใฎ็บใจใใคใฆใๆซๆ๏ผใใฐใใ๏ผ่ ฐๆใซๆณใคใฆๅฑ ใใใจใใใใๅฏบใฏไฟกๅทไธๆฐดๅ ้ก๏ผใใใฟใฎใกใใปใ๏ผ้ฃฏๅฑฑ็บไบๅไฝใถๅฏบใฎไธใคใ็ๅฎใซ้ๅฑใใๅคๅน๏ผใใใค๏ผใงใไธๅบฆๅ ถไบ้ใฎ็ชใซๅๅญ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใคใฆ็บใใใจใ้ๆ๏ผใใฆใต๏ผใฎๅคงๆจใ็ต๏ผใธใ ๏ผใฆใ้ฃฏๅฑฑใฎ็บใฎไธ้จๅใ่ฆใใใ็ฌๅทไธๆพ๏ผใใใพใค๏ผใๆฅใซ่ปขๅฎฟ๏ผใใฉใใธ๏ผใๆใฒ็ซใคใฆใๅใใใใจใซใใ้จๅฑใจใใตใฎใฏใๅ ถ่ต่ฃ๏ผใใ๏ผใคใใใซใใไบ้ใฎ่งใฎใจใใใไธๆพใ่ปขๅฎฟ๏ผใใฉใใธ๏ผใๆใฒ็ซใคใใฎใฏใๅฎใฏ็ใ ไธๅฟซใซๆใใใใจใไปใฎไธๅฎฟใซ่ตทใคใใใใงใๅฐค๏ผใใคใจ๏ผใ่ณ๏ผใพใใชใฒ๏ผใงใๅฎใใชใใใฐใ่ชฐใๆฏๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใช้จๅฑใซๆบ่ถณใใใใฎใฏ็กใใใใ
ๆฉ้้ฟ็บ๏ผใใใข๏ผใฎๆนใธ่ซๆฑ๏ผใญใ ๏ผใคใฆใใคใใใ้ฟ็บใๅใ้ๅธธใซๅใใงใญใ่ช่บซใง้ท้่ฟๅบๆใใฆๆฅใใใใ ใๆ ชๅผใใใณใใฃใผไผๆฅญใธใฎๆ่ณใจใใฃใใใใใชๅ้ใงใฎ่ณ้้็จใ่กใฃใฆใใ่ฒกๅใฏใ้ๅกพใฎๅต่จญ่ ใป
๏ผๆฅ็ฎ ็ฌฌ๏ผๆฅ็ฎใฏใใญใฐใฉใใณใฐใฎๆ้ ใฎ่ชฌๆๅพใๅผ็คพในใฟใใใจใใขใ็ตใใงๅฎ้ใฎใใญใฐใฉใ ไฝๆฅญใ่กใใพใใใๆฅๆฌๅทฅๅญฆ้ขๅจๅญฆไธญใใๆใป
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2014ๅนด1ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใณใใใฏใใฟใชใผ.
ใใฟใผใทใฃ (2020ๅนด1ๆ7ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด1ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใฉใใใใฅใผในใชใณใฉใคใณ (2020ๅนด12ๆ27ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด12ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใTOKYO SUSHI-1 GP ใnext generationsใใใซใๅบๅ ดใใๅคใใฎๅๅบใฎ่ทไบบใไบ้ธ่ฝใกใใไธญใงใฑใใณใๅๅฝฆใจๅ ฑใซไบๆฌกไบ้ธใ็ช็ ดใใๆดป่บใ่ฆใใใ 2001ๅนด3ๆ็ ด็ถปโ2001ๅนด10ๆT&Dใใฃใใณใทใฃใซ็ๅฝใธ็ตฑๅใปๆฅๆฌใณใผใๅ ฑๆธ็ๆดปๅๅ็ตๅ้ฃๅไผ๏ผCOใป 9ๆ – ๅธๅฝๆตทไธไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ่จญ็ซใ
ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใทใญใผใ.ๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใชใณใฐๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ.ๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌใน.
2024ๅนด6ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2023ๅนด12ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 23 December 2023.
2023ๅนด12ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 26 February 2020.
2020ๅนด2ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2024ๅนด4ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅฒก้จ็ดๆ ใใใผใทใใฏๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๅ ฅ้ใ
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใปๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2020ๅนด2ๆ28ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด2ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใไธญๅฝใงๆดปๅใใฆใใ2006ๅนดใฎใใๆฅใๆๆฅ็ใชใใฉใใฎในใใฌใชใฟใคใใชๆฅๆฌๅ ตใฎๅฝนใฐใใๆผใใใใจใซๆตๆๆใๆฑใใใใซใชใๆใๆฉใใงใใๆใๆฅใซใๅคงๅใใฎ็ฃ็ฃใใ้ฃไบใซ่ชใใใ้ฌผๅญใๆผใใใฎใฏใใใใใใชใใใ ใจ่จใใ”้ฌผๅญๅฝน่ ”ใจใใฆใฎๆดปๅใซใใฃใใ็ตๆญข็ฌฆใๆใคใใจใซใชใฃใใ
ใๅพๆ้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็ไบๆฅญ็ถๆณๅ ฑๅใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๅ็ๅดๅ็ใ2015ๅนด12ๆใ ๏ผฐ๏ผง๏ผฆ็ๅฝ๏ผใใซใใณใทใฃใซ ใธใใฉใซใฟ ใใกใคใใณใทใฃใซ็ๅฝไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท ๅ ผ CEOๅพไธธ ๅๅ ๏ผใฏใ2024ๅนด9ๆ10ๆฅ๏ผ็ซ๏ผ๏ฝ9ๆ11ๆฅ๏ผๆฐด๏ผใฎ2ๆฅ้ใ70ๆญณไปฅไธใฎๅฎใฎ่ฆชใใใ40๏ฝ69ๆญณใฎ็ทๅฅณใๅฏพ่ฑกใซใใใใจใชใฎ่ฆชๅญใใฎ็ๆดป่ชฟๆป2024ใใใคใณใฟใผใใใใชใตใผใใงๅฎๆฝใใๆๅนใตใณใใซ2,000ๅใฎ้่จ็ตๆใๅ ฌ้ใใพใใใ่ฉ็็ฐๆฟ่ชฟไผ้ทใ่ฒกๅ็ใซใใใฎใฌใใป
ใใใใใๅง่ญฒไบๅใใงใฏใชใใใใๆฟไปคๆๅฎ้ฝๅธใ็ฌ็ซใใ้ๅถใงใฏใชใใใใฎๅธใใใ้ฝ้ๅบ็ใฎๅบๅ้ฃๅใซๅๅ ใใใ
ๅ ฌๆๅ ๏ผใฏไธ็้่ๅฑๆฉๅพใฎๆฏๆฐๅบๆฟ็ญใจใใฆ้ซ้้่ทฏๅไผๆฅ1000ๅไนใๆพ้กใใซๆฑบๅฎใใใใใใใฏๅ ฌๅ ฑไบค้ๆฉ้ขใใใใคใซใผใธใฎใทใใใไฟใCO2ๆๅบใๅขๅคงใใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใฎใใใใฎใงใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฎใชใใๅคง็ตฑ้ ใ้ๅฝใฎๆๆๅๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎๅฑใใใใฐใชใผใณใใฅใผใใฃใผใซๆฟ็ญใใจใฏๆญฃๅๅฏพใฎๆฟ็ญใงใใใไธๅคซใฏใตใณใใฆใญใธ่ฆๅฏใซๅบๆใใ็พๅฐใฎใใฉใณใน็ณป็พ่ฒจๅบใงใตใผใในใๆ ๅบฆใฎๆชใๅบๅกใ่ฆใใใจใใใ็พๅฐใฎๅฐๅฃฒๅบใฎใฌใใซใใใฎ็จๅบฆใชใๅๆฉใใใใใใ ใจ้ฒๅบใๆฑบๆใใใ 2005ๅนด5ๆใๅฐๆฑ ็พๅๅญ็ฐๅขๅคง่ฃ๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใฏใใๅคๅ ดใฎ่ปฝ่ฃ ใซใใๅทๆฟใฎ็ฏ็ดใใใญใฃใใใใฌใผใบใซใใใฏใผใซใป
่ฟ่คๅๅฝนใฏไฟณๅชใฎ่น่ถ่ฑไธ้ใใ! “่น่ถ่ฑไธ้ใ”็ฅๅบ้ฌผๆฒก”ใชๅฑฑ็ฐๅฝน ใๅฟ่ ใซ็ตๅฉใฏ้ฃใใใ”.่น่ถ่ฑไธ้ใฎ”ๆใๆใก”ใใงใใฏใซๆฐๆจๅฎๅ ธใๆ่ฌ”. “ๆ ็ปใใใใใฎใใใใ-ๅคฉไฝฟใฎ่ฉฉ-ใไฝๅๆ ๅ ฑ”.ๆฑๅๅฐๆนๆๅคงใฎๅบ่ใจใใฆใใทใใใณใณใใฌใใฏในใๅฐ้ๅบ่กใ่จญ็ฝฎใใฆๅบๅบไบๅฎใงใใฃใใใใใคใซใซใฎ็ตๅถ็ ด็ถปใซใใ่จ็ปใ็ฝ็ดๅใ ใใไธๅฅณใๅฒใใ1948ๅนดใๆฑๆ ใซ็งป็ฑ๏ผใใไปฅ้ใๅคงไฝใๅฐๅใฎๅฅใชใๅนด็ธๅฟใฎ่ๅฝนใ้ทใๅใใ๏ผใๅคงๅญฆ้ขใซ้ฒใใงใใใฉใณใใฃใขใ็ถใใใใฎไธญใงๅคงๅญฆๆไปฃใซ็ฅใๅใฃใๅคๅฝไบบๅฅณๆงใจไปฒ่ฏใใชใฃใใ
ๅทฑใฎ่ฆใ็ฉใฎไธญใงใใใฎไฝใถใใพใช็ฉใฏใชใใชใ ใใใคใๅฅณไธญใงใใใใคใๅฎถ้ท๏ผใใใ๏ผใงใใ ใๆฅๆฌใงใฏใกใใๅฝนใใใใฃใฆใใชใใฃใ่ชๅใใใใใใขใคใใซใๆฑใใใใฆใใใใจใซใณใฃใใใไธญๅฝใฎใใคใใใใฏใใ็ๆใใใใจ่ชไผใๅคง้ธไฟณๅชใใง่ชใฃใฆใใใๅ่ป็จฎๅฅใฎ้ฃ่งฃใใฏๆฅๆฌไธ๏ผ ใ๏ผ1999ๅนดใๆฅๆฌใใฌใ๏ผใใใใซใจใใ ๅฑใใชใใฃใๆ็ดใ๏ผ2005ๅนดใNHK็ทๅ๏ผใใ99ๅนดใฎๆใJAPANESE AMERICANSใใ๏ผ2010ๅนดใTBS๏ผใชใฉใๆฐๅคใใฎๅไฝใ่ผฉๅบใใใใใใๅพไธใซๆฎใไฝๅใ่ผฉๅบใใใ ใใใซใไธๆๆใๆ็ฐใใใใผใโฆไธๆนใ็ฃๅฐ็ด้ใงๆถ่ฒป่ ใจ็็ฃ่ ใฎ็ดๆฅ็ใชใคใชใใใๆจก็ดขใใใฆใใใ่ฑใใกใฎๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ ก้ทๅ ็ใงใใใใฎใใ็่งฃ่ ใ ใใๆฐใๅผฑใใใไธ่ฏใใกใใใใใใใใใใจใใใฐใใฐใใใ
ใๅฒธไฟกไปใๆฑ ็ฐๅไบบใไธญๆฝๆ นๅบทๅผ 3ไบบใฎๅฎฐ็ธใๆจฉๅ่ช็คบใใ้คจใใ้ฑๅใในใใ2012ๅนด9ๆ21ใป ใขใณในใๆฒ็คบๆฟใงADWใๅ้ใใใฆใใๅ ดๅใฏใใกใผใธใฆใฉใผใซใซๆณจๆใใฆ้ฉๆญฃใชใขใณในใฟใผใงๅๅ ใใใใๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใธๆๅบใใใๆนๅๅ ฑๅๆธ – ๆฑ่จผใฎ้็คบๅถๅบฆใซๅบใฅใใๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใใใฎใๆนๅๅ ฑๅๆธใๆๅบ่ซๆฑใซใคใใฆ ใฐใใใฆใฃใซใป
ๅปบ็ฉ็ทๅๆๅฎณๅ ฑๆธไบๆฅญ๏ผๅธๅใฏๅธใ่จญ็ฝฎใใไธ้จไบๅ็ตๅ็ญใๆๆใ็ฎก็ๅใฏไฝฟ็จใใๅปบ็ฉใๅทฅไฝ็ฉๅใณๅ็ฃใซใคใใฆใ็ซ็ฝใ่ฝ้ทใ็ ด่ฃใป 1ๆ5ๆฅใ่คๆฐใฎใขใธใขใฎใใญใฌในๅฃไฝใๅ ฑๅใงใขใธใขๅคชๅนณๆดใใญใฌใน้ฃ็ใ็บ่ถณใ 8ๆ26ๆฅใๆฅๆฌๆญฆ้้คจใงๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใๅ จๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในใๅฝ้ใใญใฌในใซใใๅๅ่่กใๆฑไบฌในใใผใๆฐ่็คพๅต็ซ20ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตๅคงไผ ใใญใฌในๅคขใฎใชใผใซในใฟใผๆฆใใ้ๅฌใ
่ฟไธๆใซใชใใจใๆใ็ซใฎไผ่ชฌใๅๅฐใง็ใใ็ธ่ตท็ฉใจใใฆไฟกใใใใๆใ็ซใฎ็ฝฎ็ฉใ็ฝฎใใใใใใซใชใใใไธ้จใ็จฒ่ทไฟกไปฐใจใใใใใฃใฆใใ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏๆใ็ซใๅ็ ง๏ผใ ใใใฏๆฅๆฌใงใใใฐใ็จฒ้ญ็ฅ๏ผ็จฒ่ท็ฅใซๅฝใใใใใฎ็ฅใ่กใฎ่พปใซ็ฅใใ็ฉ็ฉๅๅผใใใฆใใใจใใใใจใฏใ็ฉ็ฉ็ฅ๏ผๅๅฐ็ฅ๏ผใใใชใใกๅๆฅญ็ฅ๏ผๅคฉ็ฅ๏ผใซ่ปขใใฆใใใใจใ่กจใใฆใใ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐๆธ p.36๏ผใๆฅๆฌๅไบบใซใใใฆใฏใ่ฟไธๆฑๆธๆใซ่ณใใ็ณ็ฐๆข ๅฒฉใ็ณ้ๅฟๅญฆใๅฝขๆใใๅไบบใๅซใใๅบถๆฐๅซ็๏ผๅฐๅปบไธใซใใใ่บซๅ้ๅพณใ่ชฌใใใใฎๅฐไฝใฎๅไธใซๅชใใใ
ใพใใๆฐๅๅใฎๅฑ็คบใใตใผใใน็ดนไปใ่ฌๆผใใปใใใผใๆฅๅ ด่ ใจใฎใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใชใฉใ่กใใไผๅ ด่ฒปใ่จญๅถ่ฒปใไบค้่ฒปใๅฎฟๆณ่ฒปใๅๆธใใ้ๅถใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ ใพใใใใฎใใใฏ็ปๅ ดๅๆใฎๅคงๅพใซไผผใฆใใใ ใพใใๆฉ็จฒ็ฐๅคงๅญฆๅปบๅญฆใฎ็ฅใงใใใใซใใใญใจใฆใฃใชใขใ ใบใฏๆทฑใ่ฆชไบคใง็ตใฐใใ็ๅใงใใฃใใ ใใฎใใจใซไธ็ฐใๆใใฎใๅฎ็ชใฎๆตใใจใชใฃใฆใใใๅฐ้ในใญใซใๆใคไบบๆ็ขบไฟใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใใใญใฐใฉใใณใฐใCGใขใผใใซ็ฒพ้ใใๅถไฝไผ็คพใซๅคๆณจใใๅ ดๅใใใฎๅๅถไฝ่ฒปใ้ซ้กใซใชใใงใใใใ
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However, essentially the most conventional ones are solid and clear in color and doubtless have a spiral of gold or silver dye spun by them.
Well, money is tight for people like him because you have to remember, 1.5 trillion for 2011 is going to be loaned to the federal government instead in order to prop up the old bubble busted economy.
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The Tennessee Aquarium is the main focus of “The massive Aquarium” in Little Mammoth Media’s Massive Journey Series.
Shapiro, Ariel (July 13, 2018).
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National Institute on Aging.
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A butcher-block high on an island, a window seat with a cushion, or a single shelf displaying three or 4 pieces of rustic pottery in earthlike colors will help balance the overall modernity of the setting.
According to monetary experts, investments are one of the many ways for folks to organize for the longer term.
On the other hand, there were the kids who could solve it quickly (or change the stickers around).
Coconino County Lighting and Common Codes Archived July 21, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Early civilian GPS units were massive and heavy, limiting their usefulness for on-the-go users.
You also can select a background in your display and IM window from colors, or celeb, rock group or vogue photographs.
The latter incorporates stained glass portraits by Boss of the assorted committee members, particularly: John Ritchie Findlay, The Marquess of Bute, Sir Herbert Maxwell, Sir Joseph Noel Paton, Sir William Fettes Douglas, Prof William Turner, Robert Cochran-Patrick, Robert Rowand Anderson, Sir Thomas Dawson Brodie, Aeneas James George Mackay, Reginald MacLeod, James MacDonald, David Christison, Robert Munro, 1st Baron Alness, Joseph Anderson, Thomas Dickson, Sir Arthur Mitchell, Robert Carfrae, Rev Professor John Duns, Gilbert Goudie, Adam B. Richardson, and John Taylor Brown.
To compute the ratio, take the pro forma net income (same one used in the EPS figure mentioned above) and divide it by the invested capital.
The Chamber subcommittee would also request McGuire type a joint committee of them, the Commissioners and Foremost Avenue enterprise homeowners that would be affected in the method.
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Round 3:10 p.m. EDT, an outflow-modified chilly entrance formed over south-central Kentucky, northwest Pennsylvania, and central Ohio, carrying the risk of isolated wind gusts, hail, and scattered thunderstorms.
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As stated by the SEC, a “fidelity bond .. aims to protect its holder against certain types of losses, including but not limited to those caused by malfeasance of the holder’s officers and employees, and the effect of such losses on the holder’s capital”.
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Key to good training is an understanding of how a canine thinks.
Indirect taxes are obligatory on any person nonetheless whose burden is usually shifted to some other person example excise responsibility, excise and customs.
Our tip- Try accessorising your hands with a lot of bangles and funky bracelets or you’ll be able to simply glam up a plain t-shirt with an extended necklace.
A person in top condition can generate 500 watts of power, while someone in couch-potato condition could generate around 150 watts.
Yancey, A.J. Jamieson, E. Goetze, J.C.
Again, the expelled air ought to be capable of blow away without hitting obstructions eg hedges, fences and many others which may trigger the air to re-circulate.
However, its form-shifting and camouflage abilities reveal only a fraction of this outstanding creature’s brainpower.
Charles E. Ranken. Monday in the primary Baptist Church right here.
Big V8 engines were the norm, and drivers would tune them to be even faster, with superchargers and turbochargers, boring and stroking out the engines to get every last horse pulling.
A venture capital firm gives funding to the start-up company in exchange for equity in the startup.
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It features a constantly-up to date database of different foods — greater than 416,000, as of August 2011, in accordance with iTunes — so that you will be as particular as possible when coming into your meals, thus guaranteeing more correct nutritional calculations.
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Weigel, David (Might 26, 2008).
The App will be helpful to overcome shortage of small currency.
As of May 2020, Coca-Cola is worth more than $230 billion.
To others, though, Falcon was the Model A reborn: cheap but cheerful, simple but not unacceptably spartan.
This page was last edited on 6 October 2024, at 13:Forty eight (UTC).
Journey Leaders Group, Cruise Specialists, and Nexion Journey Group are among the company’s manufacturers.
Initially of the 2016-17 season, Trapp was in goal as PSG received the 2016 Trophรฉe des Champions in Austria, a 4-1 win on 6 August towards Lyon once more.
These funds are probably the best ones to invest in currently, but it is not sure whether they will continue to remain stable once the Budget is implemented in October.
Apparently, in the future, free software program and the GPL have not made significant inroads.
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Professional Soccer Hall of Fame.
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The idea was inextricably tied into the politics of the time, which were (as now) fueled by one thing decidedly unholy: money.
Particularly for this venture when the pumping station and underground stormwater storage tank would occupy a water-entrance site earmarked for open area improvement.
In 2017, Flagstaff PD responded to four hostage situations, together with in Tuba City, and fifteen explosive machine removing calls.
Decompression sickness or “the bends” is a painful and probably fatal situation that could cause excruciating joint and muscle ache, delirium, paralysis, heart attacks and strokes.
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The Coast Guard screens 313 service provider vessels for potential security threats earlier than arrival in U.S.
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After initially only inflicting minor EF0 tree and outbuilding harm, the twister moved by the south facet of Bowman, inflicting EF0 to EF1 harm to roofs as well as downing energy poles and tree limbs, and bending a radio antenna at a residence.
What’s more, you might need extra protection while getting through the off-road terrain, passing through rocks and shallow bodies of water, and the aggressiveness you may find of the animals.
Securities and Exchange Commission accuses former Coinbase executive Ishan Wahi, along with Ishan’s brother Nikhil and their friend Sameer Ramani, of engaging in insider trading.
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